Hasil untuk "Small and medium-sized businesses, artisans, handicrafts, trades"

G. K. Uashov, A. B. Zurbayeva, A. T. Abubakirova

The purpose of writing this article is to analyze the impact of the changes taking place in the country on the development of small and medium-sized businesses.Research methodology. In the process of writing the article, such methods as the collection of primary statistical information, Excel-data analysis with forecasts, economic analysis, and comparative methods were used.The scientific value of this work is due to the growing problems in the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan caused by the global crisis and the pandemic, which fully affected small and medium-sized businesses, as a result of which measures were taken to support this area of entrepreneurship by various financial institutions.The results of the study. This article analyzes the development of small and medium-sized businesses in Kazakhstan, on its basis, the main problems in terms of tax and financial and credit systems are identified, and prospects for the development of state support for entrepreneurship are identified.The authors noted the role and place of small and medium-sized enterprises in the socio-economic development of the state, identified the regions of the country and the industries in which these forms of business have developed. The interests of SMEs of the economy in the implementation of entrepreneurial activities are identified, as well as the problems hindering the effective functioning of this sector are described.

António Gomes, Maria João Jorge, Ana Gonçalves Pereira

This study examines the valuation process of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), using a Portuguese SME as a case study. The analysis focuses on calculating the cost of equity, with particular attention to the unique characteristics of these companies. The valuation was conducted using the discounted cash flow (DCF) method, with a preference for the average cost model. Two different approaches were employed to forecast free cash flows: (a) the geometric growth rate of sales, and (b) free cash flow projections derived from a model based on historical results. To calculate the cost of equity, three distinct models were used: (a) the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) with modifications proposed by Damodaran (2014), (b) the model developed by the Spanish Association of Accounting and Business Administration (AECA) from Rojo-Ramírez et al. (2012), and (c) the build-up model proposed by Ibbotson. These models serve as alternatives to the traditional CAPM, which is less suitable for unlisted companies due to the absence of a market beta. The study compares the results obtained from each model, focusing on their impact on the company’s valuation. Valuing SMEs is crucial for enhancing corporate decision-making. Furthermore, the approaches utilized in this study provide valuable guidelines for financial analysts involved in SME valuation.

Djunaid Masuku, Abdul Rahman Jannang, Sulfi Abdul Haji

This study examines the effect of market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation on marketing performance in SMEs in Ternate City. It uses explanatory research to analyze the cause-and-effect relationship between variables and test hypotheses. The sample consisted of 85 respondents from the food sector, selected using proportional stratified random sampling. Data analysis was conducted through path analysis using SmartPLS version 4.0. The results showed that market orientation, entrepreneurial orientation, competitive advantage, and marketing performance have a significant influence. However, market orientation does not directly impact marketing performance, especially through competitive advantage. This study suggests the need for increased market orientation activities to improve marketing performance. This can be achieved by understanding consumer preferences, monitoring competitor products, and improving organizational structure. By implementing these strategies, SMEs in Ternate City can achieve better competition and marketing performance.

Louise Yandarbieva, Zhanna Gornostaeva, Elena Drofa

In this article, the authors have identified the process of technology transfer development, identified the most promising areas for the development of small and medium-sized innovative businesses. In recent years, understanding the combination of technology transfer and innovation strategy has become a key element in ensuring the development and growth of SMEs, as it has expanded their opportunities to be part of networks and facilitated their access to international markets. The authors of the article examined the basic concepts on this topic, analyzed the experience of foreign countries in terms of technology transfer, and also revealed the main problems that are an obstacle to the implementation of an innovation strategy. It is concluded that without effective cooperation and the formation of an innovative infrastructure supporting small and medium-sized enterprises, the activation of the technology transfer process is impossible, and small and medium-sized enterprises can balance their limited resources with careful participation in networks.

Younggeun Lee, Satish Kumar, Andres Felipe Cortes et al.

Purpose – In 2023, the New England Journal of Entrepreneurship (NEJE) reached its 25th anniversary. To commemorate this major milestone as well as entrepreneurship’s growth as an academic field, the study employs bibliometric methods to provide key trends and research suggestions for entrepreneurship scholars using all original research published in the journal. Design/methodology/approach – The authors perform two predominant bibliometric techniques, performance analysis and science mapping, using all 251 articles published by NEJE from 1998 to 2022. Findings – The authors find that the impact of entrepreneurship research published at NEJE is growing consistently and that the challenge of the future will be to maintain this growth in tandem with greater publication productivity. The authors also find that although most contributions come from authors affiliated with institutions in the USA, there is a global representation from authors who have published in NEJE. Further, the authors found that the major entrepreneurship research themes of articles published in NEJE revolve around general entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial behavior, gender, technology, entrepreneurship education, innovation and value creation and sustainability. Research limitations/implications – The analysis is restricted to articles published in NEJE and therefore may not be representative of the entrepreneurship field. However, it can serve as a useful resource, particularly for prospective NEJE authors, to gain empirical insights about entrepreneurship research trends and rising topics of interest. Originality/value – The authors’ work represents the first effort to synthesize research published in NEJE through bibliometric techniques and offers insights about important trends and themes in this rising outlet of the entrepreneurship field.

A. Zh. Baktiyarova, R. K. Yelshibayev

Purpose of the research is to determine the role of small and medium-sized businesses in the national economy during the crisis, as well as suggest ways of its development.   Methodology. In the course of the study, an economic analysis of the activities of small and medium-sized businesses was carried out on the basis of offi cial data using the economic and statistical method.   Originality / value. The study examines the role of small and medium-sized businesses in the national economy in conditions of economic instability caused by internal and external factors. The objective need for the development of small and medium-sized businesses, especially in the context of a geopolitical confl ict, is revealed. The classifi cation of business entities is systematized and a comparative assessment of foreign experience is considered. In addition, the main indicators determining the role of small and medium-sized businesses in the national economy are calculated and analyzed, conclusions and suggestions are made based on the analysis.   Findings. Based on the results of the study and analysis, the main conclusions were drawn that determine the essence and role of small and medium-sized businesses in the system of the national economy. As a result of vertical and horizontal analysis of small and medium-sized businesses, their potential, features and development prospects were identifi ed. Conclusions and recommendations for the development of small and medium-sized businesses have been developed.

Mayank Jaiswal, Lee Zane

Purpose – Sustainability is increasingly becoming an essential aspect of technological innovations. In addition, the diffusion of sustainable new technology-based products appears to be uneven across the globe. The authors examine the effect of three country-level Hofstede measures of culture and two national-level innovation characteristics on the diffusion of Sustainable New Technology-based Products (SNTP). Design/methodology/approach – Regression and Necessary Conditions Analysis were used to analyze a panel dataset of electric and hybrid vehicles sales from 2008 to 2017 across 89 countries. Findings – Results suggest Long-Term Orientation (LTO) was correlated with SNTP diffusion, Indulgence (IVR) was partially correlated with SNTP diffusion and was also a necessary condition. Surprisingly, Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI) was not correlated with SNTP diffusion. In addition, a national proclivity for developing innovations and a history of utilizing prior generic innovations were both correlated and necessary for SNTP diffusion. Originality/value – This paper measures the impact of several macro-level variables (culture and other innovation related characteristics of countries) on SNTP diffusion. In addition to regression analyses to measure the average effect size, the authors conduct Necessary Conditions Analysis, which assesses the necessity of a variable for the outcome. These insights may help multinational companies better strategize entry decisions for international markets and aid governments in formulating more effective policies by recognizing and accommodating the influences of national culture and innovation attitudes.

I. A. Imanbay, S. A. Kalenova, M. N. Orazalinova

The purpose of the article is to reveal the current topics on the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the country and support provided to them from the state. In this article, analytical work is carried out on the branches of small and medium-sized businesses, and several types of methodological guidelines are given. The definitions and concepts expressed by several authors regarding social business were presented, as well as the types of business used in foreign practice. The purpose of the study is to present the research and author's proposals of scientists related to the development and effective functioning of small and medium-sized businesses in accordance with the topic, and to present the results of the analysis and research. Often, business development in regional regions is lagging behind. For its development, it is necessary to solve the issues of informatization on the part of the state and local authorities. Therefore, we believe that this methodological guide and several proposed solutions will be taken into account. We expect that Kazakhstan will develop the informatization base, increase access to various programs and legislative acts related to small and medium-sized businesses. The results of several analyses were presented, examining the support provided by the state to the development of small and medium-sized businesses in Kazakhstan. The assessment of the effectiveness of state support for small and medium-sized businesses is carried out according to the indicators of the economic efficiency of the allocated funds. The increase in the indicator of social efficiency indicates the interest and involvement of small and medium-sized businesses in state support programs in Kazakhstan.

Ben Toscher

The majority of learning in arts entrepreneurship education is experiential (Essig & Guevara, 2016). Experiential and entrepreneurial learning theories indicate that to facilitate entrepreneurial knowledge generation which “enables [entrepreneurs] to recognize and act on entrepreneurial opportunities and to organize and manage new ventures” (Politis, 2005, p. 400), individuals need to exercise personal agency and engage in explorative behavior (Kolb & Kolb, 2009; Politis, 2005). If arts entrepreneurship education is to help students generate such entrepreneurial knowledge, arts entrepreneurship educators should create learning environments in which their students can exercise personal agency and behave exploratively. Despite this, how students exercise personal agency and explore within arts entrepreneurship education has not been empirically studied. This empirical paper attempts to answer the following question: How do students explore and exercise personal agency in arts entrepreneurship education? Using rigor to systematically analyze qualitative data (Gioia et al., 2013) from a five-week course in entrepreneurship in higher music education to produce a data structure and model, I find that within a teacher-created learning environment, students balance personal factors (their values and beliefs, habitual modes of thought, prior experience and personal goals) against social factors (social interdependencies and conditions of approval) while taking actions to reduce uncertainty. The findings imply that teacher-created learning environments and engagement in social contexts influences how students exercise personal agency and explore.  

José G Vargas-Hernández, Elsa Patricia Orozco Quijano, Jorge Virchez

The aim of this paper is to set some scenarios for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from a critical analysis of the provisions in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) renegotiation, its challenges and opportunities. The critical analysis departs from the questionable position of the withdrawal from NAFTA and their consequences for SMEs of not giving continuity through a process of renegotiation among the three partners. The method used is the critical analysis based mainly in some sources of information, analysis of results of NAFTA, and the strategic examination of its challenges and opportunities for SMEs. Finally, the analysis establish some possible scenarios post-NAFTA renegotiation and some strategic proposals for the SMEs

Nicoletta Fadda

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) dimensions on firm performance in the tourism sector. The goal is twofold: on the one hand, the paper aims to test whether EO dimensions are still significant determinants of performance after controlling for possible confounding factors; on the other hand, it aims to address the question of which EO dimension exerts the strongest effect on performance. Design/methodology/approach - A survey was carried out in the Sardinian accommodation sector in 2012 and 224 questionnaires were collected. The multidimensional EO constructs were adopted. Findings - The results show that innovativeness, proactiveness and autonomy were significantly associated with tourism firm performance, whereas risk-taking and competitiveness were not. Research limitations/implications - The results are limited to the Sardinian accommodation context. Self-reported data were used to measure firm performance. Further research works could replicate the analyses using objective firm performance not only in similar touristic destinations but also in other countries and incorporating other industries. Practical implications - The study suggests educational and managerial implications. Entrepreneurs in the tourism sector should be encouraged to adopt an innovative, autonomous and proactive approach in managing their firms. Originality/value - The study advances entrepreneurial knowledge in the tourism sector and in particular in the accommodation industry. The multidimensional EO approach has never been adopted among touristic firms. Furthermore, considering that EO research has been overlooked in the country of Italy, this study’s contribution is also providing evidence from an area that has received minimal attention to date.

Golshan Javadian, Tina R. Opie, Salvatore Parise

Purpose - One key determinant of entrepreneurial success is entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE), defined as an individual’s confidence in his or her ability to perform entrepreneurial tasks. Whereas previous research has examined how individual and business factors influence ESE, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of entrepreneurs’ social networks upon ESE. The paper examines such relationships for black and white entrepreneurs. Design/methodology/approach - In total, 110 black and white entrepreneurs responded to a survey measuring ESE and critical constructs representing elements of the quality of entrepreneurs’ networks: emotional carrying capacity (ECC) and network ethnic diversity. Findings - The authors found significant, positive relationships between both ECC and network ethnic diversity on ESE for white entrepreneurs but only found a significant positive relationship between ECC and ESE for black entrepreneurs. Originality/value - While research is clear about the role that ESE plays in entrepreneurial activities, few studies have focused on the factors that improve ESE. In the present work, the authors study the role of context by examining how entrepreneurs’ social networks influence ESE. The authors examine such influences for both white and black entrepreneurs to better understand the implications of ethnicity.

Omar León, Juan Ignacio Igartua, Jaione Ganzarain

The relationship between Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and business performance has been a topic of great importance for academics from different areas for several decades. In this sense, this study analyzes the impact of the use of ICT on the diversification strategy of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). From a sample of 95 companies in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country, it is evident that diversified companies show a higher level of use of ICTs and that this resource affects positively the degree of international diversification and business performance. For the descriptive and correlational statistical analysis of the variables, the SPSS software version 21 was used

Katina Vanessa Bermeo Pazmiño, María Luisa Saavedra García

La competitividad ha sido considerada, desde la teoría económica tradicional hasta la moderna, como un elemento de diferenciación entre los países a través de sus empresas. La evolución del concepto de competitividad lo inician los economistas clásicos por el año de 1776 hasta actuales corrientes con Porter (1990) en donde se apuesta por un análisis sistémico. En el Ecuador no existen parámetros establecidos para determinar la competitividad de las empresas, existe un dinamismo comercial donde cerca del 95% está cubierto por la micro, pequeña y mediana empresa por lo que se hace necesario realizar esta investigación que tiene como objetivo la medición de la competitividad en el nivel micro del enfoque sistémico, en las empresas de fabricación de muebles de madera. Para tal fin se utilizó el mapa de competitividad del BID, adaptado por Saavedra (2014); los principales hallazgos permiten determinar que las empresas estudiadas presentan baja competitividad. Los factores en los que destaca son Gestión ambiental, Aseguramiento de la calidad, Producción y operaciones y Planeación estratégica; la relación entre los factores y la competitividad muestra evidencia de la importancia de los Recursos Humanos para impulsar la competitividad de las empresas en este sector

Alexander Zureck

Linda Essig

This essay looks at pedagogies that can be deployed to teach the habits of mind that support arts entrepreneurship through the lenses of frameworks developed by Gardner, Duening, and Costa & Kallick for conceptualizing ways of thinking. It draws a network of connections between these frameworks for ways of thinking on which are mapped various pedagogies for teaching arts entrepreneurs as employed in educational programs and as described in recent literature. After first briefly summarizing each of these frameworks, I graphically describe the ways these various frameworks may overlap and then offer examples of pedagogies that support the development of entrepreneurial habits of mind for artists and others.

Jeffrey Nytch

This article presents a case study of the Pittsburgh New Music Ensemble (“PNME”), an arts organization transformed by reinventing its artistic product based on new methods of audience engagement. The PNME approach illustrates a number of theoretical concepts in action, and provides an example of how artists and artistic organizations may apply entrepreneurial principles to the development of their artistic products. Broader implications for the theories illustrated by the case are noted.

Paul Bonin-Rodriguez

This article deploys the term “artist-producer” to respond to Gary D. Beckman's (2007) call for an effective definition for artist entrepreneurship, one that illustrates the productive work that artists do and counters longstanding romantic notions of artists as creative geniuses who are unconcerned with commerce. Unpacking the term entrepreneur historically and focusing on its troubling relationship to class, race, and gender, even among entrepreneurship scholars, I illustrate how and why many artists still resist the de facto entrepreneur label even as they take what many identify as entrepreneurial approaches. Returning to Beckman's domain of training, though outside of the university setting, I show how a number of contemporary community-based artist training and professional development programs across the U.S. reflect, even nurture, the longstanding artist ambivalence to entrepreneurship even as they fulfill some of its key dynamics; moreover, I note how these programs are creating a very specific approach to entrepreneurship, or entrepreneurs, by training what I call “artist-producers”—artists capable of balancing both their expressive ambitions with their material concerns in strategic ways. Ultimately, the artist-producer designation illustrates what many scholars, artists and arts organizers talk about when we talk about artist entrepreneurship; it defines a type of entrepreneurship that by its very structure acknowledges the nation's weak cultural infrastructure and offers a collaborative, productive, even sustainable way of working for artists.

Gregory Murphy, Neil Tocher

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) commonly struggle to acquire needed financial, human, and technological resources. The above being stated, recent scholarly research argues that SMEs that are able to successfully navigate the legitimacy threshold are better able to gather the resources they need to survive and grow. This article provides an empirical test of that claim by examining whether the presence of a corporate parent positively influences SME resource acquisition. Results of the study show that SMEs with corporate parents, when compared to like-sized independent SMEs, have higher credit scores, have more complete management teams, use more computers, and are more likely to be on the Internet. These differences are most pronounced for very small firms and diminish in significance as firm size increases. Study implications include the notion that presence of a corporate parent likely represents a successful navigation of the legitimacy threshold, positively increasing SME resource acquisition.

Olalekan U. Asikhia

This article seeks to identify the mediating role of marketing resources and capabilities in small and medium enterprises (SMEs)‐poverty alleviation relationship. A qualitative approach of conceptualization of the interconnectedness of the major variables of the study is undertaken. Despite several development programs of SMEs and poverty alleviation, the poverty level of Nigerian SMEs has dragged with incidence of high SMEs failure. Marketing resources and capabilities are suggested as probable missing links between SMEs and profitable exchanges that lead to wealth creation, thus alleviating and eradicating poverty. While empirical study in this direction is vital, the current conceptual model shows that SMEs operators would help in the elimination of poverty by acquisition of necessary marketing knowledge, skills, and capabilities to identify the customersʼ needs, establish vital relationships with them through requisite ego drive, empathy, and capability to change, and thus keep them sold. Prior research concerning SMEs and poverty alleviation in Nigeria has been limited to finance. The findings of the present research have implications for the role of marketing as the ultimate source of profitable growth through exchanges and wealth creation that will help in eradicating poverty.