Hasil untuk "Regional planning"

Johanna Fellbrich

China's launch of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in 2013 reinvigorated debates on infrastructure-led development and reshaped core–periphery relations through large-scale port investments. A prominent case is the 99-year lease of Darwin Port in Australia's Northern Territory to the Chinese company Landbridge Group in 2015, which sparked both development hopes and geopolitical controversy. While subnational actors play a central role in mediating external investment – especially in port infrastructure – their agency in host countries remains underexplored in the literature on BRI and global production networks (GPNs). This study addresses this gap by combining the strategic coupling framework with agenda-setting theory to analyse how regional actors in Darwin attempted to align local assets with Landbridge's commercial strategy under BRI-linked investment. Based on empirical fieldwork, the study finds that while Darwin possessed distinctive, immobile assets and institutional ambition, the lease structure and broader geopolitical tensions constrained long-term developmental gains. Initial hopes to catalyse economic diversification, population growth and regional connectivity were overridden by multi-scalar power asymmetries and the securitisation of Chinese infrastructure capital. The result was not strategic but structural coupling – characterised by limited embeddedness, abandoned projects and reinforced dependency. The paper contributes to debates on infrastructure-led development by showing that strategic coupling is not guaranteed by asset endowments alone but is a contingent, negotiated process shaped by scalar coherence, institutional capacity and geopolitical alignment. In doing so, it adds nuance to GPN theory by foregrounding host-region agency and the geopolitical context in shaping development outcomes in peripheral settings.

Nteboheng Patricia Mefi, Samson Nambei Asoba

This study aimed to address the need to strengthen entrepreneurship by identifying the drivers of entrepreneurship as a choice of self-employment. The study was conducted among final year students at a University in the Western Cape. These students were suitable for this analysis, as they were preparing for entry into the job market upon completing their university studies, making their choice of job a worthy subject for exploration. The study employed a qualitative research design, collecting data through focus group discussions. A focus group discussion was conducted with eight final-year students of entrepreneurship at a University in the Western Cape. The data provided indicated that cognitive and environmental factors influenced their choice. The cognitive factor involved inherent drives and inborn psychological orientations to engage in entrepreneurship, while the environmental drivers related to the nature of the environment, where factors such as unemployment, poverty, and social expectations drove the need to engage in entrepreneurship. The study recommends that universities strengthen their entrepreneurial role to promote entrepreneurial behaviour among students of entrepreneurship.

Juli Burden, Tai McClellan Maaz, Makena Coffman et al.

ABSTRACT The global push toward renewable energy systems has prompted a desire to more efficiently use land through the co‐location of agricultural and industrial activities. Agrivoltaic systems (AV), crops grown underneath/adjacent to solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, present a unique value proposition to produce food and energy in a single location. Here, we conducted a field trial within a PV site, empirically testing AV methods using small‐scale sustainable farming practices in a peri‐urban landscape in Hawaiʻi. By mimicking commercial production conditions, we identified the most profitable lettuce genotype (e.g., Magenta) and created an enterprise budget to generate realistic financial expectations for those (company, municipality, university) aiming to create energy‐generating foodscapes. These empirical data generated in a commercial setting can be used as valuable inputs for future planning work in a range of different geographies.

Payel Das, Santanu Mandal, Prema Nedungadi et al.

Abstract This study explores the intersection of sustainable and green tourism with 17 United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs), identifying key themes and emerging interdisciplinary configurations. Using the PRISMA framework, we analyzed publications covering the years 2015–2023. A machine learning-based BERTopic model was employed to extract meaningful topics and map publications to the relevant SDGs. This study reveals a strong link between sustainable tourism and multiple SDGs. Seven key themes illustrate the role of sustainable tourism in fostering economic growth, environmental conservation, and community resilience. Geotourism and geoheritage development contribute to quality education (SDG 4) by promoting geological knowledge and conservation while generating local economic opportunities. The tourism-energy-economy nexus highlights the need for clean energy (SDG 7) and climate action (SDG 13) to mitigate emissions linked to tourism-driven economic expansion. Mangrove ecosystem ecotourism management safeguards biodiversity and strengthens life below water (SDG 14) and life on land (SDG 15) while supporting sustainable livelihoods. Rural and smart data-driven tourism enhance decent work and economic growth (SDG 8) by integrating technology and local resources into sustainable development strategies. Ecotourism and community engagement empower local populations, fostering sustainable cities and communities (SDG 11) and partnerships for the goals (SDG 17) through collaborative conservation efforts. Finally, eco-destinations and tourist engagement emphasize responsible consumption and cultural heritage preservation, reinforcing responsible consumption and production (SDG 12). Together, these themes underscore tourism’s broader role in achieving the SDGs by balancing economic benefits with environmental and social sustainability. Our findings add to policy-making and strategic planning, emphasizing the need for a more subtle approach to sustainable tourism, considering diverse regional contexts. Future research should focus on applying technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and big data, conducting in-depth case studies, examining socioeconomic impacts on local communities, and evaluating policy effectiveness to increase its contribution to achieving the SDGs. Clinical trial registration: Not applicable.

Dingding Duan, Xinru Li, Yanghua Liu et al.

Scientific evaluation of cultivated land quality (CLQ) is necessary for promoting rational utilization of cultivated land and achieving one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Zero Hunger. However, the CLQ evaluation system proposed in previous studies was diversified, and the methods were inefficient. In this study, based on China’s first national standard “Cultivated Land Quality Grade” (GB/T 33469-2016), we constructed a unified county-level CLQ evaluation system by selecting 15 indicators from five aspects—site condition, environmental condition, physicochemical property, nutrient status and field management—and used the Delphi method to calculate the membership degree of the indicators. Taking Jimo district of Shandong Province, China, as a case study, we compared the performance of three machine learning models, including random forest, AdaBoost, and support vector regression, to evaluate CLQ using multi-temporal remote sensing data. The comprehensive index method was used to reveal the spatial distribution of CLQ. The results showed that the CLQ evaluation based on multi-temporal remote sensing data and machine learning model was efficient and reliable, and the evaluation results had a significant positive correlation with crop yield (r was 0.44, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The proportions of cultivated land of high-, medium- and poor-quality were 27.43%, 59.37% and 13.20%, respectively. The CLQ in the western part of the study area was better, while it was worse in the eastern and central parts. The main limiting factors include irrigation capacity and texture configuration. Accordingly, a series of targeted measures and policies were suggested, such as strengthening the construction of farmland water conservancy facilities, deep tillage of soil and continuing to construct well-facilitated farmland. This study proposed a fast and reliable method for evaluating CLQ, and the results are helpful to promote the protection of cultivated land and ensure food security.

Peng Wang, Xuelin Tong, Jianxiu Qiu et al.

Abstract While it is well known that rapid urbanization poses prominent effects on regional or local temperature changes under global warming, possible impacts of urbanization on the changes in atmospheric aridity (measured by vapor pressure deficit [VPD]) are poorly understood. In this study, we provide a national investigation of the spatiotemporal changes of atmospheric aridity over China in recent decades by analyzing observations at over 2,000 weather stations across China during 1971–2017 and further quantify the effects of urbanization on the atmospheric aridity changes in different subregions. The results show that most parts of China have experienced a significant intensification of atmospheric aridity since the 1970s. Especially, stronger drying trends tend to appear in urban agglomerations with higher urbanization levels and denser population, such as Beijing‐Tianjin‐Hebei (BTH), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), the Pearl River Delta (PRD), and the Sichuan Basin. It is estimated that urbanization contributed to more than 30% of the total increases in atmospheric aridity in urban core areas (i.e., 32.58%, 27.73%, 30.29%, 42.03%, and 37.33%, respectively, for annual, spring, summer, autumn, and winter VPD). Spatially, urbanization exerted significant amplification effects on increasing VPD in most parts of China (nearly 80% grid cells) except for few areas with higher elevation and complex topography (e.g., Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau and Xinjiang). In particular, the areas with higher urbanization (e.g., BTH, YRD, and PRD) underwent even stronger urbanization effects on amplifying atmospheric aridity. Our findings suggest that how to alleviate atmospheric aridity in future urban planning is worthy of consideration.

Kenneth K. Mugwanya, Kenneth K. Mugwanya, John Kinuthia et al.

Sexually active African women are a priority population for HIV prevention due to the disproportionately high frequency of new HIV infections. Family planning (FP) clinics offer an already trusted platform that can be used to reach women for HIV prevention services, including pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). In the recent PrEP Implementation in Young Women and Adolescent (PrIYA program), we piloted PrEP implementation in FP clinics in Kisumu, Kenya, and demonstrated that it was possible to integrate PrEP provision in FP systems with a program-dedicated staff. In this perspective, we describe experiences and strategies employed to introduce PrEP implementation in FP clinics and lessons learned. We identified the following lessons for PrEP introduction in FP clinics in Kenya: (1) possible to integrate and generate high enthusiasm for PrEP delivery in FP clinics but persistence on PrEP is a challenge, (2) involvement of national and regional stakeholders is critical for buy-in, contextualization, and sustainability, (3) delivery models that do not integrate fully with existing staff and systems are less sustainable, (4) creatinine testing at PrEP initiation may not be necessary, (5) fully integrated HIV and FP data systems need to be developed, and (6) incorporating implementation science evaluation is important to understand and document effective implementation strategies. In summary, integration of HIV prevention and FP services provides an opportunity to promote one-stop women-centered care efficiently. However, a broader focus on delivery models that utilize existing staff and novel strategies to help women identify their own risk for HIV are needed to ensure greater success and sustainability.

Charles Agyemang, Ama De-Graft Aikins, Olutobi Adekunle Sanuade et al.

Objectives Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Ghana, and urban poor communities are disproportionately affected. Research has shown that knowledge of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the first step to risk reduction. This study examines knowledge of CVD and risk factors and determinants of CVD knowledge in three urban poor communities in Accra, Ghana.Methods Using the Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Knowledge Level Scale, which has been validated in Ghana, we conducted a cross-sectional survey with 775 respondents aged 15–59 years. CVD knowledge was computed as a continuous variable based on correct answers to 27 questions, and each correct response was assigned one point. Linear regression was used to determine the factors associated with CVD knowledge.Results The mean age of the participants was 30.3±10.8 years and the mean knowledge score was 19.3±4.8. About one-fifth of participants were living with chronic diseases. Overall, 71.1% had good CVD knowledge, and 28.9% had moderate or poor CVD knowledge. CVD knowledge was low in the symptoms and risk factor domains. A larger proportion received CVD knowledge from radio and television. The determinants of CVD knowledge included ethnicity, alcohol consumption, self-reported health and sources of CVD knowledge. CVD knowledge was highest among a minority Akan ethnic group, those who were current alcohol consumers and those who rated their health as very good/excellent, compared with their respective counterparts. CVD knowledge was significantly lower among those who received information from health workers and multiple sources.Conclusion This study underscores the need for health education programmes to promote practical knowledge on CVD symptoms, risks and treatment. We outline health systems and community-level barriers to good CVD knowledge and discuss the implications for developing context-specific and culturally congruent CVD primary prevention interventions.

Darío Reyes Reina, Ariane Agnes Corradi, Márcia Siqueira Rapini

This article analyses the emergence and scale-up of frugal innovations supported by university-industry interactions in the Colombian context. We conducted semi-structured interviews with eight researchers from the National University of Colombia, who participated in activities to transfer technology to society through frugal innovations. Results highlight the social role of the Colombian university and the motivations of the participating researchers to develop frugal innovations. Three benefits of the university-industry interaction to develop and upscale frugal innovations were identified and described: a) the exchange of specialised knowledge that helps to do incremental improvements on frugal innovations; b) the strengthening of distribution and marketing strategies of innovation, supporting its implementation in different contexts; and c) advantages in scaling up production. The relevance of these findings to understand frugal innovation processes and their implications for designing support services by university technology transfer offices are discussed.

Gihan Eldgwy

The importance of the research is showing the environmental, cultural and social value of the Arab rural Mediterranean Residence as a regional heritage, where the concept of heritage brings aesthetic and functional values, and is characterized by persistence and continuity together, as it is an honest record of community culture, unity of its human and intellectual features throughout the ages, and a Physical fact imposed its acceptance and respect. Where the word (Tradition) expresses two aspects: the intellectual aspect and the physical aspect. The research presented the (Shade Architecture) specifically, which is open spaces that connect the interior to the exterior, an expressive spaces with a local concept linking house to environment, It distributes shade and light to the harsh Mediterranean style, Whether it is from a solid construction or soft plant arbors, Where the house is the nucleus for practicing several vital activities. The problem of research lies in ignoring the architectural heritage of the Arab rural Mediterranean Residence in building and designing our dwellings, so that our dwellings has become as a building without identity papers, and it has become described as a minor or exotic architecture, in line with the name of global design, which led to obliterate the identity of our society. The research aims to evoke (Shade Architecture) and the meanings of residential construction related to the traditions in the Arab Mediterranean area and its closely relation to the surrounding nature, and also aims to conclude architectural, environmental, social criteria that can contribute to design contemporary residence associated with the heritage. The research presented the concept of (family contracture) as a basic factor in planning, and showed how one living style produced multiple housing patterns, it presented three solutions describes the relationship between dwelling and surrounded nature (Domesticating External Area) (Shade architecture) of Permanent Structure through an analytical approach, then it linked the old to the modern by studying some contemporary installations, Then the results were presented and discussed where the research was able to devise architectural, environmental and social criteria, and it confirmed the existence of social, functional, environmental integration through the design thought of the Arab rural Mediterranean Residence, through shade architecture and its elements: (Patio - Courtyard - garden), it believes that opening to the outside should not be confined to specific cultures, but it is a real demand for all world.

K SUNILKUMAR, P MURUGESAN, R K MATHUR et al.

Genetic variability and relationship of 29 germplasm accessions of two species, viz. Elaeis guineensis Jacq (25 accessions) and Elaeis oleifera (4 accessions) along with two Palode teneras were evaluated at ICAR-Indian Institute of Oil Palm Research, Regional Station, Palode, India during 2014-2016 with an objective to assess the germplasm diversity.Nine oil palms specific SSR primer pairs were used to assess the genetic diversity. All the nine primer pairs produced reproducible unambiguous markers. The total number of alleles per primer pair varied from six (sMo00129, sMo00128, mEgCIR3890, sMo00130, mEgCIR0268, mEgCIR0905, sMo00020, sMo00154,) to seventeen (mEgCIR3399). It produced a total of 107 alleles from the selected two oil palm species and all the makers were polymorphic. Cluster analysis, based on UPGMA was performed in order to realize the extent of similarity/ dissimilarity among the germplasm accessions. The dendrogram showed two major clusters at 0.09 similarity coefficient one with E. oleifera and other with E. guineensis. Among E. oleifera, Chithara (Oleifera palms identified in the commercial plantation owned by OPIL, Kerala) accessions were grouped separately indicating confirmation of distinctness. Among E. guineensis accessions, G1(Nigerian dwarf tenera) and G55 (Tanzanian dura) showed maximum diversity. Evaluation data obtained in this study on the ‘extent of genetic distance’ among accessions can be explored carefully for planning hybridization programme so as to accelerate palm oil yield by maximizing the hybrid vigour. The significant genetic diversity observed among the germplasm accessions indicated the scope of introgression into the current breeding programme.

Unggul Priyadi

In 1993 Indonesian overnment launched first IDT (Inpres Desa Tertinggal) program. IDT program is more than government effort to eliminate poverty, but a rural development strategy. It is directed to hike economic autonomy and to accelerate growth by increasing social economic activity based on decentralization principles.

Dmitriy V. Mikheev, Karina A. Telyants, Elena N. Klochkova et al.

This article distinguishes methods applied to a definition of the strategicdirections for regional economic development on the economic basestatistical analysis identified sources of competitive advantage and disadvantage for the region, main risks for economic growth. The methodswere approved via the research work on the definition of the prioritiesand target goals for the Moscow Oblast economic development andframework improvement for strategy planning and public regulations.

Endang Sih Prapti

Thera are many approaches used by analysist to analize the effect of the monetary crisis in Indonesia lately. As shown in this article, Endang Sih Prapti uses a political economic perspective to analize the crisis.

Marlon Méndez Sastoque, Gloria Jurado Gallego

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Latifah Dian Iriani, Imamudin Yuliadi

This research is going to discuss about the determinant macro variables and bank’s behavior determinant credit risk on Islamic rural bank in Indonesia. It could be seen on macro variables such as inflation, exchange rate, Jakarta I slamic index (JII) and money supply (M2), and bank’s behavior such as financing. Research methodology used at this study is Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Following these procedures, it applies Unit Roots Test, Augmented Dickey Fuller Test, Lag Length Criteria Test, Correlation Matrix – Johansen Julius Co-integration Test, VECM Estimation, Impulse Response and Variance Decomposition Test. The result show that both bank behaviors and macroeconomic variables are significant affecting non-performing financing (NPF). The banking need more careful to manage internal and external factors that influence non-performing financing (NPF).

Lodene Willemse

Urban parks help enhance the value of urban settings and provide dynamic recreation facilities for citizens; however, environmental injustice is still noticeable throughout South Africa regarding the unequal distribution of urban parks. This article provides an overview of community neighbourhood park (CNP) conditions in five subsections of Mitchells Plain (Beacon Valley, Portlands, Rocklands, Tafelsig, and Woodlands). Results indicate that 18% of the respondents in Mitchells Plain have to walk further than the accepted norm of 15 minutes to reach CNPs. This negatively influences the CNP usage patterns, and the time spent in CNPs. The most important concerns influencing CNP non-use include safety and improper maintenance (mostly experienced in Portlands), and a lack of facilities and natural features (mostly experienced in Tafelsig). The ways in which CNPs can be improved echo the concerns for not visiting CNPs frequently. Significant policy implications for the City Parks Department are also discussed.

Muhammad Firdaus

Regions in Indonesia have been receiving investment inflows from other countries, with some regions absorb much more than the others do. This study identifies factors that influence foreign investors to come to provinces in Indonesia using a dynamic panel data approach. It investigates data on investment inflows and regional economic development indicators in each province from 1983 until 2009. The estimation results show that the General Methods of Moment system estimators are unbiased, consistent and valid. This study finds some determinants of spatial foreign investment inflows, namely market size, level of economic development, infrastructure, and education level attainment. Keywords: Disparity, investment inflows, dynamic panel data JEL classification number: F21, F23

Muhammad Sri Wahyudi Suliswanto, David Kaluge

<p>There is no m</p><p>ore doubt about the importance of economic growth, which can be calculated from<br />Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This research analyzes the role of globalization on GDP in<br />ASEAN-5 by estimating panel data. It uses a fixed effect approach to accommodate various characteristics<br />in the countries. To accommodate such variation, it assumes that the intercepts varies<br />across these countries, while the slopes remain similar. Based on the estimation result, it suggests<br />that net export and foreign direct investment represent the globalization process. Both have positive<br />and significant influences on GDP in the corresponding countries.</p><p><br />Keywords: Globalization, international trade, foreign direct investment, gross domestic product<br />JEL classification numbers: E01, F51, F43</p>

Nerine Cecilia Bresler

Tourism enterprises can create public viewing areas where shared enjoyment and heightened emotive experiences could arise, as well assentiments of patriotism, and ownership of the event itself. But, they must keep their base business happy; to ensure longterm loyalty of existing customers.