Hasil untuk "Periodicals"

G. Carle, M. Frank, M. Olson

S. Kelly

S. M. Rytov, Y. Kravtsov, V. I. Tatarskii et al.

Anna V. Khorosheva

The authors examine the development of physical culture and sports in Soviet villages in the 1920s. These practices are important instruments of the cultural revolution, asthey were supposed to discipline and improve the health of peasants so that they could work as effectively as possible for the benefit of society. It was peasants themselves that made up most of the population, so the goal of “reforging” rural people was paramount; without it, the task of building socialism in the country would be impossible. To explore this topic, the author used regulatory, administrative, and statistical materials, stored in the State Archive of the Russian Federation, in the fund of the USSR Committee for Physical Culture and Sports (F. R 7576), and in the fund of the Central Committee of the All-Union Leninist Young Communist League (F. M 1) of the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, as well as various periodicals. It is shown that the rural population was highly distrustful of any innovations, including in physical culture. The analysis of sources reveals that the promotion of physical culture in rural areas began as part of the “Facing Village” policy of 1925-1926, with the primary goal being to “improve” physical and ideological health of rural people. The Komsomol shouldered the brunt of the practical work, employing a flexible approach that sought to motivate rather than coerce. The author reveals that the highest percentage of physical culture enthusiasts was in the central region part of Russia, whereas the lowest percentage was in the national republics and regions. The author concludes that, due to financial problems and lack of coordinated policy of all the agencies involved, progress in promoting physical culture in the rural areas by the end of the period was relatively insignificant; the number of physical culture clubs grew slowly, and they were often created spontaneously and lacked state oversight. In addition, there were few women involved, and the primary focus was on football rather than general physical training.

L. N. Vicente, P. Calamai

Ricardo Vigário

T. Zhan, Xi Shi, Yunyun Dai et al.

A transfer matrix method is developed for optical calculations of non-interacting graphene layers. Within the framework of this method, optical properties such as reflection, transmission and absorption for single-, double- and multi-layer graphene are studied. We also apply the method to structures consisting of periodically arranged graphene layers, revealing well-defined photonic band structures and even photonic bandgaps. Finally, we discuss graphene plasmons and introduce a simple way to tune the plasmon dispersion.

Liliya R. Gabdrafikova, Elena V. Mironova

Kazan province was distinguished by its ethnic and religious diversity, historical traditions, and well-developed university culture. Newspapers, including those of a commercial nature, occupied an important place in public life. At the beginning of the 20th century, there were women among the editors and publishers of Kazan newspapers. A historiographical review showed that the materials of the local periodical press became the subject of study by Kazan researchers, including in the reconstruction of some aspects of women’s daily life. However, there is no special work devoted to the study of the appearance of women on the pages of periodicals of the Kazan province. Meanwhile, addressing this topic allows us to see the processes of transformation of women’s social roles as a result of the modernization of society at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to study the image of a woman in the periodical press of the Kazan province. For this purpose, the materials of the newspapers Kazansky Birzhevoy Listok, Kazansky Telegraph, Volzhsky Vestnik, Kamsko-Volzhskaya Rech and other publications were analyzed. Both author's materials and anonymous correspondence, chronicles of incidents, advertisements and advertisements are considered. Different types of women’s practices were identified and several thematic groups were identified on the provincial press database. In each of them, a certain image of a woman was developed (a lady, a worker, a Muslim, a fighter for her rights, etc.). The authors conclude that the image of a woman presented in the newspapers was contradictory: on the one hand, it was tied to her social origin, on the other, the bourgeois development of society leveled ethno-confessional and class boundaries. The differences that existed were marked by external signs. The article is intended for historians and anyone interested in the history of the Russian Empire, the history of everyday life, and women’s emancipation.

Pradeep Kayshap, K. Murawski, Z. E. Musielak et al.

Waves are an integral part of the solar atmosphere, and their characteristics (e.g., dominant period, range of periods, power, and phase angle) change on a diverse spatio-temporal scale. It is well well-established observationally that the dominant periods of solar oscillations are 5-min and 3-min in the photosphere and chromosphere, respectively. This shows that the wave spectra and their dominant periods evolve between these two layers. We present observational results that demonstrate variations of the dominant period with heights in the photosphere and chromosphere. Six photospheric absorption lines and one chromospheric line are analyzed by using the IRIS data, and the Doppler velocity time series at seven different atmospheric heights are determined. The wavelet analysis is applied to these time series, and the resulting spectrum of wave periods and its dominant period are deduced at these heights, which gives height variations of the dominant period. The obtained data shows that the dominant period decreases with height, and that there are also changes in the range of wave periods within the spectrum. Numerical simulations of filtered wave spectra through the solar atmosphere are also performed, and the obtained results match the observational data.

Joannis Alexopoulos

In recent years, essential progress has been made in the nonlinear stability analysis of periodic Lugiato-Lefever waves against co-periodic and localized perturbations. Inspired by considerations from fiber optics, we introduce a novel iteration scheme which allows to perturb against sums of co-periodic and localized functions. This unifies previous stability theories in a natural manner.

G. W. Campos, Ana Carla Pereira Domitti

The authors discuss a theoretical and conceptual management methodology based on reference teams and matrix support. Reference team is a structural organization intended to combine managerial power and interdisciplinary work. Matrix support changes the way traditional health systems work, with specialists organically linked to other teams who periodically require specialized consultation. Besides care support, there is another goal: to build new knowledge for each health professional through a continuing education process. The article analyzes the structural, political, cultural, theoretical, and subjective obstacles to this new model.

Evgenii Rostovtsev, Ilya Sidorchuk

The research is devoted to the defense of doctoral dissertations during the period of their legislative abolition – from 1918 to 1934. The authors focused on the question of the reasons for the preservation of protection rituals in new conditions, the peculiarities of their organization, the reasons for the gradual return to official practices of awarding degrees and, finally, the most important differences between the defense procedures of the 1930s and pre-revolutionary. The source base consisted of archival materials of a number of Soviet universities and academic institutions, as well as various egodocuments of representatives of the academic community and periodicals, which allowed reconstructing the protection procedure during the period under review. In addition, legislative sources regulating the procedure for preparation Soviet scientific personnel and, in particular, awarding academic degrees were actively involved. As a result, it is concluded that it may be more about the external similarity of the system of pre-revolutionary and Soviet protections. The awarding of degrees still played the role of an incentive for a scientific career, but a significant part of the powers associated with its regulation was withdrawn from the scientific community. The process of “pre-defense”, where the main decisions on the fate of the dissertation were still made, ceased to be exclusively a corporate matter of the professorial board. In addition, ideological control over the content of the dissertation research appeared. Another important difference was that the dissertation, in essence, became closed to the public, and the dispute largely lost the features of the theatrical performance that the university corporation gave to society in the previous period. As a result, the awarding of degrees turned from a corporate ritual that protected the academic autonomy of the scientific community in the pre-revolutionary period into a means of controlling it and an instrument of state policy. At the same time, this transformation was not complete, it was hindered by the very nature of science as a social practice, impossible in a situation of complete lack of autonomy.

K. Crews, A. Gaedigk, H. M. Dunnenberger et al.

M. K. Zhakyp

The aim of the article is the scientific study of the Kazakh theme in the journal publications of Russian researchers: the colonial content in the essays of N.S. Lykoshin, the political view in the manuscript of military scout M.I.Venyukov, which were included in the "Turkestan collection". Main directions and ideas – researching and cognizing the life of the Kazakh people before the October revolution of 1917. It can be noted that the vast wealth of publications in Russian-language periodicals is important for the study of historical journalism. In this connection, the press materials in “Turkestan collection” were not considered one-sidedly. An attempt to comprehensively highlight issues not covered in it was made. The information and data related to the Kazakh people and Kazakh steppe in a number of scientific collections, as well as various periodicals were carefully analyzed and compared. Genre features of publicistic works on research of the Kazakh steppe in the "Turkestan collection" are allocated; editions of Russian newspapers and magazines included in the Collection are systematized according to journalistic genres. The publications about the social situation of the Kazakh people in the late XIX – early XX century written in the Russian periodicals united in the "Turkestan collection" are analyzed; and the reasons why newspapers and magazines considered and covered these issues as an area of the colonial policy of royal Russia are covered. The minerals of the Kazakh land and the description of the natural state in Russian periodicals with a general physical and geographical description of the Kazakh steppe, which abounds in "Turkestan collection", are emphasized. Key conclusions, analysis, and concept. The policy of royal Russia in relation to Central Asia was carried out in the following three stages. During the first period, i.e. between the beginning and the 40s of the 19th century: both sides communicated through diplomatic representatives and tried to solve disputed issues peacefully. In the second period, covering the 40's and 60's of the XIX century, the Russian policy towards the region took a different character and took the form of "showing its military capabilities". The first military campaigns against Central Asian khanates began. In the third period, corresponding to the middle of the 60's and 80's of the XIX century, the royal government abandoned diplomatic negotiations and began to conquer the Kazakh lands by military force. The information and facts about it were systematized and the contents of publicistic works comprehensively covering the events of these three periods in the Russian press from "Turkestan collection" were analyzed. Keywords: N.S. Lykoshin, M.I. Venyukov, life of the Kazakh people, journalistic works, essays.

Mahdi Jaber, Lorenz C Hofbauer, Christine Hofbauer et al.

ABSTRACT Bone has the fascinating ability to self‐regenerate. However, under certain conditions, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), this ability is impaired. T2DM is a chronic metabolic disease known by the presence of elevated blood glucose levels that is associated with reduced bone regeneration capability, high fracture risk, and eventual non‐union risk after a fracture. Several mechanical and biological factors relevant to bone regeneration have been shown to be affected in a diabetic environment. However, whether impaired bone regeneration in T2DM can be explained due to mechanical or biological alterations remains unknown. To elucidate the relevance of either one, the aim of this study was to investigate the relative contribution of T2DM‐related alterations on either cellular activity or mechanical stimuli driving bone regeneration. A previously validated in silico computer modeling approach that was capable of explaining bone regeneration in uneventful conditions of healing was further developed to investigate bone regeneration in T2DM. Aspects analyzed included the presence of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), cellular migration, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and cellular mechanosensitivity. To further verify the computer model findings against in vivo data, an experimental setup was replicated, in which regeneration was compared in healthy and diabetic after a rat femur bone osteotomy stabilized with plate fixation. We found that mechanical alterations had little effect on the reduced bone regeneration in T2DM and that alterations in MSC proliferation, MSC migration, and osteoblast differentiation had the highest effect. In silico predictions of regenerated bone in T2DM matched qualitatively and quantitatively those from ex vivo μCT at 12 weeks post‐surgery when reduced cellular activities reported in previous in vitro and in vivo studies were included in the model. The presented findings here could have clinical implications in the treatment of bone fractures in patients with T2DM. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Irina I. Sizova

The article arranges little-known details from the history of the creation of L.N. Tolstoy’s folk play “The Power of Darkness” (1886) and its staging in “Skomorokh” Theater (1886–1887, 1895) in chronological order. The article presents a historical and literary review of the “Skomorokh” Theater (1882–1897) as one of the city’s professional theaters for the public audience before and after the intersection of its repertoire with Tolstoy’s work on the basis of materials from the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art (RGALI), namely memoirs of the theater’s entrepreneur M.V. Lentovsky, the manuscript of the book “Spectators and Theater. Theatrical notes and memoirs of the half-century theatrical work” of the theatrical figure and teacher N.A. Popov, correspondence of Tolstoy’s friend and follower V.G. Chertkov and the diary of the writer R.M. Khin-Goldovskaya. The analysis also involves factual information about the “Skomorokh” and the drama “The Power of Darkness” from literary and theatrical periodicals of the second half of the 19th century, i. e. the section “Chronicle” of the journal “Theater and Life,” critical works by N.A. Popov, V.P. Burenin, A.L. Volynsky, E.E. Matern, etc. The results show that the artistic tasks set by the theater “Skomorokh” in 1886–1887 and in 1895, the declaration of literary and critical thought of the 2nd half of the 19th century was broken in its own way about the nationality / accessibility of art, the active creator of which was Tolstoy. The article reveals new aspects of Tolstoy’s creative manner as a playwright by the example of unknown circumstances of the participation of theatrical figures (M.V. Lentovsky) in the creation of the script for Tolstoy’s work.

Ökkeş Kürşad Karacagil, Sezer Çıtır

Although airplanes were initially used for military purposes, they soon came to the fore in mail and passenger transportation due to their fast and unobstructed features. Some attempts had also been made in the Ottoman Empire in parallel with the world’s first civil aviation trials. On February 9, 1914, the first postal shipment within Ottoman borders was made successfully from Osmaneli to Bilecik. The first postal service to European and Balkan states from within Ottoman borders started shortly after the signing of the Armistice of Mudros in 1918. The newly established Republic of Türkiye also took important steps in civil aviation. New air lines were created by signing agreements with foreign companies, as experience could not be gained in this area due to long-lasting wars. This study discusses the activities of Lufthansa Company in Türkiye, which has an important place in this field despite not being the first, by making use of archival documents, research works, periodicals, and resources shared by the company.

Yichen Huang

A Floquet quantum system is governed by a Hamiltonian that is periodic in time. Consider the space of piecewise time-independent Floquet systems with (geometrically) local interactions. We prove that for all but a measure zero set of systems in this space, starting from a random product state, many properties (including expectation values of observables and the entanglement entropy of a macroscopically large subsystem) at long times are approximately periodic with the same period as the Hamiltonian. Thus, in almost every Floquet system of arbitrarily large but finite size, discrete time-crystalline behavior does not persist to strictly infinite time.

Dinh Van Tuan, Hanan Dery

The energy band structure of excitons is studied in periodic potentials produced by the short-range interaction between the exciton and electrons of Wigner or Moiré lattices. Treating the exciton as a point-like dipole that interacts with the periodic potential, we can solve a simple one-body problem that provides valuable information on excitons in many-body problem settings. By employing group theory, we identify the excitonic energy bands that can couple to light and then quantify their energy shifts in response to a change in the period of the potential. This approach allows us to emulate the response of optically active exciton and trion states to a change in electron density. We gain important insights on the relation between the electron order in a Wigner crystal and the energy blueshift of the bright exciton. We discuss the consequences of this relation in the context of optical absorption experiments in monolayer semiconductors.

Daniel Lenz, Timo Spindeler, Nicolae Strungaru

This article deals with pure point diffraction and its connection to various notions of almost periodicity. We explain why the Fibonacci chain does not fit into the classical class of Bohr almost periodicity and how it fits into the classes of mean, Besicovitch and Weyl almost periodic point sets. We report on recent results which characterize pure point diffraction as mean almost periodicity of the underlying structure, and discuss how the complex amplitudes fit into this picture.