Hasil untuk "Men"

Jian-min Jin, P. Bai, Wei He et al.

Objective: The recent outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is reminiscent of the SARS outbreak in 2003. We aim to compare the severity and mortality between male and female patients with COVID-19 or SARS. Study Design and Setting: We extracted the data from: (1) a case series of 43 hospitalized patients we treated, (2) a public data set of the first 37 cases of patients who died of COVID-19 and 1,019 patients who survived in China, and (3) data of 524 patients with SARS, including 139 deaths, from Beijing in early 2003. Results: Older age and a high number of comorbidities were associated with higher severity and mortality in patients with both COVID-19 and SARS. Age was comparable between men and women in all data sets. In the case series, however, men's cases tended to be more serious than women's (P = 0.035). In the public data set, the number of men who died from COVID-19 is 2.4 times that of women (70.3 vs. 29.7%, P = 0.016). In SARS patients, the gender role in mortality was also observed. The percentage of males were higher in the deceased group than in the survived group (P = 0.015). Conclusion: While men and women have the same prevalence, men with COVID-19 are more at risk for worse outcomes and death, independent of age.

P. Jha, C. Ramasundarahettige, V. Landsman et al.

R. Siegel, Elizabeth E. Ward, O. Brawley et al.

Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival based on incidence data from the National Cancer Institute, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. A total of 1,596,670 new cancer cases and 571,950 deaths from cancer are projected to occur in the United States in 2011. Overall cancer incidence rates were stable in men in the most recent time period after decreasing by 1.9% per year from 2001 to 2005; in women, incidence rates have been declining by 0.6% annually since 1998. Overall cancer death rates decreased in all racial/ethnic groups in both men and women from 1998 through 2007, with the exception of American Indian/Alaska Native women, in whom rates were stable. African American and Hispanic men showed the largest annual decreases in cancer death rates during this time period (2.6% and 2.5%, respectively). Lung cancer death rates showed a significant decline in women after continuously increasing since the 1930s. The reduction in the overall cancer death rates since 1990 in men and 1991 in women translates to the avoidance of about 898,000 deaths from cancer. However, this progress has not benefitted all segments of the population equally; cancer death rates for individuals with the least education are more than twice those of the most educated. The elimination of educational and racial disparities could potentially have avoided about 37% (60,370) of the premature cancer deaths among individuals aged 25 to 64 years in 2007 alone. Further progress can be accelerated by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population with an emphasis on those groups in the lowest socioeconomic bracket. CA Cancer J Clin 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.

C. McLean, Anu Asnaani, B. Litz et al.

S. Lippman, Eric A. Klein, Eric A. Klein et al.

A. Jemal, R. Siegel, Elizabeth E. Ward et al.

Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the number of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival based on incidence data from the National Cancer Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. Incidence and death rates are standardized by age to the 2000 United States standard million population. A total of 1,479,350 new cancer cases and 562,340 deaths from cancer are projected to occur in the United States in 2009. Overall cancer incidence rates decreased in the most recent time period in both men (1.8% per year from 2001 to 2005) and women (0.6% per year from 1998 to 2005), largely because of decreases in the three major cancer sites in men (lung, prostate, and colon and rectum [colorectum]) and in two major cancer sites in women (breast and colorectum). Overall cancer death rates decreased in men by 19.2% between 1990 and 2005, with decreases in lung (37%), prostate (24%), and colorectal (17%) cancer rates accounting for nearly 80% of the total decrease. Among women, overall cancer death rates between 1991 and 2005 decreased by 11.4%, with decreases in breast (37%) and colorectal (24%) cancer rates accounting for 60% of the total decrease. The reduction in the overall cancer death rates has resulted in the avoidance of about 650,000 deaths from cancer over the 15‐year period. This report also examines cancer incidence, mortality, and survival by site, sex, race/ethnicity, education, geographic area, and calendar year. Although progress has been made in reducing incidence and mortality rates and improving survival, cancer still accounts for more deaths than heart disease in persons younger than 85 years of age. Further progress can be accelerated by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population and by supporting new discoveries in cancer prevention, early detection, and treatment. CA Cancer J Clin 2009;59:225‐249. ? 2009 American Cancer Society, Inc.

E. Voegelin

David S. Evans, Linda S. Leighton

David M. Buss

Peter Glick, S. Fiske

Scott Coltrane

V. A. Sadock

R. Kessler

J. Hokanson, M. Austin

M. Matud

B. Goodpaster, S. Park, T. Harris et al.

Selman Aktaş, Murat Kirişci, Muzaffer Akçay et al.

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common and lethal malignancies among men worldwide, making accurate risk prediction tools essential for early diagnosis and personalized care. This study aimed to compare the predictive ability of traditional binary logistic regression with machine learning (ML) algorithms, including support vector machines (SVM), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), chi-squared automatic interaction detection (CHAID), and C5.0, in identifying key risk factors and classifying prostate cancer status. Materials and Methods: The study included 501 male participants (248 diagnosed cases and 253 controls) who completed a structured 20-item questionnaire covering demographic, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics. Results: Age, smoking status, and family history of cancer consistently emerged as significant predictors across models. Additional indicators included blood in semen or urine, frequency of urination, and daily activity level. Logistic regression achieved the highest accuracy (92.2%), followed by CHAID (91.36%), SVM (89.92%), KNN (88.48%), and C5.0 (88%). Conclusion: Logistic regression provided the best accuracy and interpretability for structured clinical data, while ML models offered complementary insights by identifying complex, nonlinear associations.

Taylor Domingos, Chris M. Smith

Research finds racial disparities in the frequency and severity of police violence. Police violence research has not interrogated gender to the same effect. We build on theories of “gender irrelevance” to argue that violent incidents between police and civilians cannot be extricated from masculinity’s relevance. However, in contexts when police respond to women as violent, police render women’s femininity as irrelevant. Using 2016–2021 California URSUS data and supplementary archival examples, we examine gender and race across fatal and nonfatal police violence incidents. We find that women are no more or less likely to experience fatal relative to nonfatal police violence than men of the same racial group when accounting for police perceptions of civilians being armed. We also find racial differences in perceptions of weapons, with lower barriers for fatal violence against Black and Latinx civilians. When women are in high-conflict, violent situations, other statuses become hyper-present beyond women’s femininity.

L. Silberstein, R. Striegel-Moore, C. Timko et al.

Luis Enrique Machicado Rivero

El insulinoma es un tumor endocrino del páncreas, el cual produce hiperinsulinismo y provoca disminución severa de la glucemia, con síntomas crónicos como desvanecimiento. Es más frecuente en varones y puede presentarse a cualquier edad, ya sea como neoplasias solitarias o múltiples, estas últimas conocidas por formar parte del grupo de neoplasias endocrinas múltiples tipo 1 (MEN 1). Los insulinomas son de rara presentación y requieren tratamiento quirúrgico resectivo; la resolución de los síntomas es el marcador de curación. En la presente publicación, se describe un caso de insulinoma en una mujer de 51 años, de presentación típica desde el punto de vista clínico, con síntomas y signos de hiperinsulinismo. Los exámenes de laboratorio indican un aumento de la secreción de insulina, mientras que las imágenes por resonancia magnética muestran características del insulinoma, donde se puede apreciar la tumoración pancreática. Este caso se trató mediante resección quirúrgica por medio de laparotomía exploratoria, utilizando la técnica de enucleación del tumor pancreático, la cual se describe al detalle en la publicación; no se presentaron complicaciones intraoperatorias ni posoperatorias, es decir, desde el punto de vista curativo, el resultado fue exitoso. Esta es la técnica quirúrgica que se emplea en el Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza en Lima, Perú, ante casos como el descrito. Este tipo de neoplasia es muy poco común, por lo que se le debe considerar de alta sospecha y, en este caso, las imágenes fueron fundamentales para optar por la resección quirúrgica. En el hospital Arzobispo Loayza se han tratado otros casos de insulinoma mediante cirugía; asimismo, se ha presentado, al menos, un caso de nesidioblastosis, en donde no se pudo administrar un tratamiento adecuado al paciente.