Hasil untuk "History"

C. Strickland

C. Bramblett, F. Szalay, E. Delson

D. Freedman, A. Thornton, D. Camburn et al.

W. Brutsaert

M. Huston, T. Smith

J. Evans

R. Erickson

D. Hoeveler

J. Goldstein

E. Gelderen

S. Hunskaar, E. Arnold, K. Burgio et al.

K. Wilber

N. V. Belayeva, V. Blagoderov, V. Dmitriev et al.

Eri Ohta, Eri Ohta, Etsuko Okada et al.

Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare, potentially life-threatening inflammatory disease characterized by neutrophilic pustules and systemic inflammation. We report a case of severe GPP triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection in a 46-year-old woman with a long history of psoriasis. Eleven days after recovery from COVID-19 pneumonia, she developed widespread pustules and fever. Histopathology revealed subcorneal spongiform pustules and dermal neutrophilic infiltration consistent with GPP. Systemic corticosteroids followed by etretinate and deucravacitinib achieved complete remission. A literature review identified 11 infection- and 10 vaccine-related GPP cases. Compared with vaccine-associated cases, infection-related flares showed longer latency and higher corticosteroid use. Mechanistically, both SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination may be associated with IL-36 axis activation, potentially via spike protein–driven, Toll-like receptor–mediated innate immune signaling. This case highlights that distinct immune kinetics may underlie infection- and vaccine-related GPP, while supporting a putative role of IL-36–driven inflammation in COVID-19–associated disease exacerbation.

R. Koselleck, Todd Presner

S. Pai

G. Theraulaz, E. Bonabeau

Malay Sarkar

Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been known to infect humans for eons. It is an airborne infectious disease transmitted through droplet nuclei of 1 to 5 µm in diameter. Historically, tuberculosis (TB) was considered a distinct condition characterized by TB infection and active TB disease. However, recently, the concept of a dynamic spectrum of infection has emerged, wherein the pathogen is initially eradicated by the innate or adaptive immune system, either in conjunction with or independently of T cell priming. Other categories within this spectrum include TB infection, incipient TB, subclinical TB, and active TB disease. Various host- and pathogen-related factors influence these categories. Furthermore, subclinical TB can facilitate the spread of infection within the community. Due to its asymptomatic nature, there is a risk of delayed diagnosis, and some patients may remain undiagnosed. Individuals with subclinical TB may stay in this stage for an indeterminate period without progressing to active TB disease, and some may even experience regression. Early diagnosis and treatment of TB are essential to meet the 2035 targets outlined in the end-TB strategy. This strategy should also include incipient and subclinical TB. This review will focus on the definition, natural history, burden, trajectory, transmissibility, detection, and management of early-stage TB.

Т.Н. Прудникова, Р.Б. Сарыглар, Д.Н. Шауло et al.

В 2020 г. в долине р. Тапса, левом притоке Большого Енисея (Бий-Хема), впервые был обнаружен поселенческий объект, вовлеченный в древнюю систему орошения. На обозначенной территории были проведены ландшафтные, флористические, археологические, палеоботанические, остеологические исследования, а также радиоуглеродное датирование, что в целом представляет итог начального этапа изучения древней ирригации в верховье Енисея. Возраст поселения, согласно предварительной археологической разведке, а также возраст древней ирригации, определенный радиоуглеродным датированием погребенных почв, соответствуют скифо-сакскому времени (Прудникова, 2023). Почвенные разрезы вскрыли культурные слои поселения, насыщенные костяным материалом, обломками древесного угля и керамики, растительными остатками. Из культурных слоев были отобраны 3 пробы на карпологический анализ для возможного определения особенностей палеогеографии, хозяйственной деятельности. Анализ полученного материала дает первое представление о хозяйственных практиках местного населения в первом тысячелетии до н.э., особенностях природной среды и ее изменении.

Nicola Riccardi

Abstract This article investigates the epistemological convergence between French historiography and French Discourse Analysis (FDA), emphasizing their shared focus on language as a vehicle for historical meaning and ideological formation. Tracing the evolution from the Annales School to post-structuralist thinkers such as Foucault and LaCapra, the study highlights how history has increasingly embraced discourse as both a methodological tool and an object of analysis. Through a case study of Santiago Abascal, leader of Spain’s far-right party Vox, the article illustrates how FDA concepts – such as lexical worlds, interdiscursivity, and discursive ethos – can be applied to political rhetoric in the digital age. Using lexicometric methods (IraMuTeQ, SketchEngine) and qualitative interpretation, the study analyzes a corpus of Abascal’s tweets (2019-2022), focusing particularly on the term golpista as a strategic signifier of ideological antagonism. The findings show how far-right discourse reactivates historically loaded terms to construct binary oppositions and mobilize collective memory. Ultimately, the article argues that FDA offers historians a powerful framework to interrogate the linguistic production of identity, power, and historical continuity in contemporary political narratives.