Hasil untuk "Cellular telephone services industry. Wireless telephone industry"

Ali Bakhshi Movahed, Hamed Nozari, Aminmasoud Bakhshi Movahed

Technology plays an undeniable role in today's industrial world, especially in manufacturing and smart factories. Unlike previous industrial revolutions, humans are at the core of the fifth generation of the Industrial Revolution. One of the critical aspects of Industry 5.0 (I 5.0) is its emphasis on human-centricity. The integration of modern technologies can be clearly observed in smart factories, which offer enhanced comfort and professionalism. This study highlights the significance of I 5.0 and smart factory production (SFP). A total of 36 articles are reviewed and systematically categorized using the meta-synthesis methodology. The research emphasizes the influence of I 5.0 on SFP through the use of modern technologies and comprehensive policy frameworks. This new paradigm has the potential to streamline people's lives and bring a transformative shift to smart factory production lines. Enhancing the structure of factories appears feasible under this optimistic perspective.

Toni Seibold, Fabian Neumann, Falko Ueckerdt et al.

Greenhouse gas emissions from the steel, fertiliser and plastic industries can be mitigated by producing their precursors with green hydrogen. In Germany, green production may be economically unviable due to high energy costs. This study quantifies the 'renewables pull' of cheaper production abroad and high-lights trade-offs between cost savings and import dependence. Using a detailed European energy system model coupled to global supply curves for hydrogen and industry precursors (hot briquetted iron, ammonia and methanol), we assess five scenarios with increasing degrees of freedom with respect to imports. We find that precursor import is preferred over hydrogen import because there are significant savings in hydrogen infrastructure. Cost savings in the German industry sector from shifting precursor production to European partners compared to domestic production are at 4.1 bnEUR/a or 11.2 %. This strategy captures 47.7 % of the cost savings achievable by precursor import from non-European countries, which lowers industry costs by 8.6 bnEUR/a (23.3 %). Moving energy-intensive precursor production abroad allows Germany to save costs while still retaining a substantial share of subsequent value-creating industry. However, cost savings must be weighed against the risks of import dependence, which can be mitigated by sourcing exclusively from regional partners.

Raphael Hiesgen, Marcin Nawrocki, Marinho Barcellos et al.

Motivated by the impressive but diffuse scope of DDoS research and reporting, we undertake a multistakeholder (joint industry-academic) analysis to seek convergence across the best available macroscopic views of the relative trends in two dominant classes of attacks - direct-path attacks and reflection-amplification attacks. We first analyze 24 industry reports to extract trends and (in)consistencies across observations by commercial stakeholders in 2022. We then analyze ten data sets spanning industry and academic sources, across four years (2019-2023), to find and explain discrepancies based on data sources, vantage points, methods, and parameters. Our method includes a new approach: we share an aggregated list of DDoS targets with industry players who return the results of joining this list with their proprietary data sources to reveal gaps in visibility of the academic data sources. We use academic data sources to explore an industry-reported relative drop in spoofed reflection-amplification attacks in 2021-2022. Our study illustrates the value, but also the challenge, in independent validation of security-related properties of Internet infrastructure. Finally, we reflect on opportunities to facilitate greater common understanding of the DDoS landscape. We hope our results inform not only future academic and industry pursuits but also emerging policy efforts to reduce systemic Internet security vulnerabilities.

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

B. Prabadevi, N. Deepa, Nancy Victor et al.

With the advent of new technologies and endeavors for automation in almost all day-to-day activities, the recent discussions on the metaverse life have a greater expectation. Furthermore, we are in the era of the fifth industrial revolution, where machines and humans collaborate to maximize productivity with the effective utilization of human intelligence and other resources. Hence, Industry 5.0 in the metaverse may have tremendous technological integration for a more immersive experience and enhanced communication.These technological amalgamations are suitable for the present environment and entirely different from the previous perception of virtual technologies. This work presents a comprehensive review of the applications of the metaverse in Industry 5.0 (so-called industrial metaverse). In particular, we first provide a preliminary to the metaverse and industry 5.0 and discuss key enabling technologies of the industrial metaverse, including virtual and augmented reality, 3D modeling, artificial intelligence, edge computing, digital twin, blockchain, and 6G communication networks. This work then explores diverse metaverse applications in Industry 5.0 vertical domains like Society 5.0, agriculture, supply chain management, healthcare, education, and transportation. A number of research projects are presented to showcase the conceptualization and implementation of the industrial metaverse. Furthermore, various challenges in realizing the industrial metaverse, feasible solutions, and future directions for further research have been presented.

Liangyuan Liu, Xiangqun Shi

A broadband and planar multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with pattern diversity is presented in this letter. The four-port MIMO antenna is designed by using a novel metamaterial structure with small dimensions of 60 × 60 × 1.6 mm3. Each radiating element of the MIMO antenna is comprised of composite right/left-hand (CRLH) transmission lines (TLs). Between its four elements, there are four open L-shaped slot loading on the ground plane of the patch antenna system. The antenna obtains the wide frequency range of 2.31–4.99 GHz. In addition, The proposed antenna has an isolation greater than 20 dB between its four elements. The MIMO antenna has excellent bandwidth performance and good diversity properties between elements.

Ming Zhan, Zhibo Pang, Dacfey Dzung et al.

The most common cause of transmission failure in Wireless High Performance (WirelessHP) target industry environments is impulse interference. As interleavers are commonly used to improve the reliability on the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol level for long packet transmission, this paper considers the feasibility of applying short-packet bit interleaving to enhance the impulse/burst interference resisting capability on both OFDM symbol and frame level. Using the Universal Software Radio Peripherals (USRP) and PC hardware platform, the Packet Error Rate (PER) performance of interleaved coded short-packet transmission with Convolutional Codes (CC), Reed-Solomon codes (RS) and RS+CC concatenated codes are tested and analyzed. Applying the IEEE 1613 standard for impulse interference generation, extensive PER tests of CC(1=2) and RS(31; 21)+CC(1=2) concatenated codes are performed. With practical experiments, we prove the effectiveness of bit in terleaved coded short-packet transmission in real factory environments. We also investigate how PER performance depends on the interleavers, codes and impulse interference power and frequency.

Kazhan Othman Mohammed Salih, Tarik A. Rashid, Dalibor Radovanovic et al.

There is no doubt that new technology has become one of the crucial parts of most people's lives around the world. By and large, in this era, the Internet and the Internet of Things (IoT) have become the most indispensable parts of our lives. Recently, IoT technologies have been regarded as the most broadly used tools among other technologies. The tools and the facilities of IoT tech-nologies within the marketplace are part of Industry 4.0. The marketplace is too regarded as a new area that can be used with IoT technologies. One of the main purposes of this paper is to highlight using IoT technologies in Industry 4.0, and the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is another feature revised. This paper focuses on the value of the IoT in the industrial domain in general; it reviews the IoT and focuses on its benefits and drawbacks, and presents some of the IoT applications, such as in transportation and healthcare. In addition, the trends and facts that are related to the IoT technologies on the marketplace are reviewed. Finally, the role of IoT in telemedicine and healthcare and the benefits of IoT technologies for COVID-19 are presented as well.

Aintzane Mosteiro-Sanchez, Marc Barcelo, Jasone Astorga et al.

Industry 4.0 uses a subset of the IoT, named Industrial IoT (IIoT), to achieve connectivity, interoperability, and decentralization. The deployment of industrial networks rarely considers security by design, but this becomes imperative in smart manufacturing as connectivity increases. The combination of OT and IT infrastructures in Industry 4.0 adds new security threats beyond those of traditional industrial networks. Defence-in-Depth (DiD) strategies tackle the complexity of this problem by providing multiple defense layers, each of these focusing on a particular set of threats. Additionally, the strict requirements of IIoT networks demand lightweight encryption algorithms. Nevertheless, these ciphers must provide E2E (End-to-End) security, as data passes through intermediate entities or middleboxes before reaching their destination. If compromised, middleboxes could expose vulnerable information to potential attackers if it is not encrypted throughout this path. This paper presents an analysis of the most relevant security strategies in Industry 4.0, focusing primarily on DiD. With these in mind, it proposes a combination of DiD, an encryption algorithm called Attribute-Based-Encryption (ABE), and object security (i.e., OSCORE) to get an E2E security approach. This analysis is a critical first step to developing more complex and lightweight security frameworks suitable for Industry 4.0.

Emanuel Lacic, Dominik Kowald

In this industry talk at ECIR'2022, we illustrate how to build a modern recommender system that can serve recommendations in real-time for a diverse set of application domains. Specifically, we present our system architecture that utilizes popular recommendation algorithms from the literature such as Collaborative Filtering, Content-based Filtering as well as various neural embedding approaches (e.g., Doc2Vec, Autoencoders, etc.). We showcase the applicability of our system architecture using two real-world use-cases, namely providing recommendations for the domains of (i) job marketplaces, and (ii) entrepreneurial start-up founding. We strongly believe that our experiences from both research- and industry-oriented settings should be of interest for practitioners in the field of real-time multi-domain recommender systems.

Xiang Yuejia, Lv Chuanhao, Liu Qingdazhu et al.

Most image generation methods are difficult to precisely control the properties of the generated images, such as structure, scale, shape, etc., which limits its large-scale application in creative industries such as conceptual design and graphic design, and so on. Using the prompt and the sketch is a practical solution for controllability. Existing datasets lack either prompt or sketch and are not designed for the creative industry. Here is the main contribution of our work. a) This is the first dataset that covers the 4 most important areas of creative industry domains and is labeled with prompt and sketch. b) We provide multiple reference images in the test set and fine-grained scores for each reference which are useful for measurement. c) We apply two state-of-the-art models to our dataset and then find some shortcomings, such as the prompt is more highly valued than the sketch.

Zhen Yu, Ziheng Lin, Xiaoying Ran et al.

This work proposes a novel multiband slotted planar antenna with a “回” structure, which is similar to an ancient Chinese window grille structure. The antenna is suitable for wireless applications, including the second-generation (2G), third-generation (3G), fourth-generation (4G), and fifth-generation (5G) technologies, as well as WLAN and navigation applications. The proposed antenna is based on the structural characteristics of a conventional monopole antenna, which combines the advantages of a slit structure and microstrip line structure for feeding. It adopts a circular patch with a slit structure placed in it, which is similar to the Chinese classical pane structure. This structure enables an effective reduction of the size of the antenna. The four-sided “回” gaps change the path of current flow and are coupled to each other, improving the impedance matching and radiation characteristics of the entire target frequency band. The antenna covers the frequency ranges of 1.58–1.77 GHz (12%), 2.1–2.50 GHz (17%), 3.61–4.09 GHz (12%), and 4.75–6.5 GHz (36%), permitting more than 10 wireless applications in these 4 frequency bands. This antenna uses an FR-4 dielectric material; the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric plate is 4.4, and the actual dimensions of the antenna are 85 × 70 × 1.6 mm³. The test and simulation results are in good agreement with each other, thus confirming that the proposed design method meets the requirements of various wireless applications.

Jiangniu Wu, Jing Sun, Jinyong Fang

The bandwidth of a printed rectangular loop antenna with two gaps can be enlarged by using the metallic strips as directors. However, the directivity is not good. Because the two closely spaced metallic strips act as a building block, they can be used to block the propagation of electromagnetic waves. Therefore, two closely spaced metallic strips as a new reflector are adopted and investigated in this paper for improving the directivity of antenna. Two arrangement modes of the printed antennas with two closely spaced strips are designed, fabricated, and measured. Experimental results show that the impedance bandwidth of type A antenna (with inner strip) is about 62.5% ranging from 2.3 to 4.39 GHz. In addition, the gain of 3.8–5.2 dBi and 2 dB improvement of F/B ratio are achieved. Type B antenna (with outer strip) can realize a 62% measured bandwidth ranging from 2.29 to 4.35 GHz. Also, about 3.4 to 4.9 dBi of gain with 2.5 dB improvement of F/B ratio is obtained. The measured F/B ratios of the two modified antennas are both better than 10 dB within the operating frequency band. Measured results verified that adopting the two closely spaced metallic strips as a new reflector can both enhance the F/B ratio and gain without changing the overall dimensions and operating frequency.

Svan Lembke, Youry Khmelevsky, Lee Cartier

As an industry of primarily small and mid-size businesses, it is becoming increasingly more difficult for British Columbia (BC)'s tree fruit growers to compete with large, often vertically integrated producers from other regions. New ways of managing information and resources collaboratively are needed to develop competitive strengths. This case study seeks to understand the information and knowledge management capabilities of the BC tree fruit cluster across the value chain for six different data domains. A qualitative methodology design of 21 in-depth interviews with cluster stakeholders provides insights into the data quality, completeness and integration points, and then applies CMMI level criteria to assess the information management capabilities of the industry. Significant data and process gaps are identified. This paper explores how the BC tree fruit industry can move forward from this position using technology solutions to support the development of information and knowledge, and collective decision-making.

Dipankar Chaki, Athman Bouguettaya

We propose a novel conflict resolution framework for IoT services in multi-resident smart homes. An adaptive priority model is developed considering the residents' contextual factors (e.g., age, illness, impairment). The proposed priority model is designed using the concept of the analytic hierarchy process. A set of experiments on real-world datasets are conducted to show the efficiency of the proposed approach.

Xiaoying Ran, Zhen Yu, Tangyao Xie et al.

A novel two-iteration binary tree fractal bionic structure antenna is proposed for the third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), WLAN, and Bluetooth wireless applications in the paper, which is based on the principles of conventional microstrip monopole antenna and resonant coupling technique, combined with the advantages of fractal geometry. A new fractal structure was presented for antenna radiator, similar to the tree in nature. The proposed antenna adapted two iterations on a fractal structure radiator, which covers mobile applications in two broad frequency bands with a bandwidth of 44.2% (1.85–2.9 GHz) for TD-SCDMA, WCDMA, CDMA2000, LTE33-41, and Bluetooth frequency bands, and 11.5% (4.9–5.5 GHz) for WLAN frequency band. The proposed antenna was fabricated on a G10/FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a size of 50 × 40 mm2. The good agreement between the measurement results and the simulation results validate that the proposed design approach meet the requirements for various wireless applications.

Jean-Luc Froger, Virginie Pinel, Mary-Grace Bato et al.

La télédétection s'est révélée au cours des deux dernières décennies comme un outil essentiel à la fois pour améliorer notre connaissance des systèmes volcaniques mais également pour assurer la surveillance des volcans actifs. En utilisant l'exemple du Piton de la Fournaise, le plus actif des volcans français, nous illustrons ici comment les données radar satellitaires (SAR), dont l'utilisation n'est pas empêchée par la présence de nuages, permettent non seulement de cartographier les dépôts éruptifs et d'estimer leur volume mais aussi de mesurer la topographie de l'édifice volcanique (avec une précision métrique) ainsi que ses déformations de surface (avec une précision atteignant quelques millimètres).

Charles Tim Batista Garrocho, Célio Marcio Soares Ferreira, Carlos Frederico Marcelo da Cunha Cavalcanti et al.

Industrial Internet of Things is a new milestone that will require new industry paradigms and investments. In this context, cyber-physical systems are considered the bridge to the fourth revolution. Centralized approaches and observance of real-time constraints are two important challenges that must be overcome for the advancement of Industry 4.0. To solve these problems, a blockchain-based vertical integration architecture of the process automation systems is proposed in which it performs the control and monitoring of industrial processes. Proof of concept experiments reveal the feasibility and performance of the proposal.

Xuejian Wang

Industries can enter one country first, and then enter its neighbors' markets. Firms in the industry can expand trade network through the export behavior of other firms in the industry. If a firm is dependent on a few foreign markets, the political risks of the markets will hurt the firm. The frequent trade disputes reflect the importance of the choice of export destinations. Although the market diversification strategy was proposed before, most firms still focus on a few markets, and the paper shows reasons.In this paper, we assume the entry cost of firms is not all sunk cost, and show 2 ways that product heterogeneity impacts extensive margin of exports theoretically and empirically. Firstly, the increase in product heterogeneity promotes the increase in market power and profit, and more firms are able to pay the entry cost. If more firms enter the market, the information of the market will be known by other firms in the industry. Firms can adjust their behavior according to other firms, so the information changes entry cost and is not sunk cost completely. The information makes firms more likely to entry the market, and enter the surrounding markets of existing markets of other firms in the industry. When firms choose new markets, they tend to enter the markets with few competitors first.Meanwhile, product heterogeneity will directly affect the firms' network expansion, and the reduction of product heterogeneity will increase the value of peer information. This makes firms more likely to entry the market, and firms in the industry concentrate on the markets.

Zhixun Huang, Hu Yang, Taolin Liu

Non-Foster-loaded antennas have the advantages of compact size and large bandwidth. Meanwhile, they suffer from two issues: internal instability and simulation inaccuracy resulting from distribution parameters. The most commonly used stability analysis method for microwave circuits, Rollett’s criteria, is not suitable for negative impedance circuits. This paper has explained the reason and proposed an effective method for stability analysis. Transmission lines between lumped components are found to be a main reason of inaccurate simulations, which is analyzed in this paper, and it is concluded that their influence also exists at hundreds of megahertz. In order to solve this problem and improve simulation accuracy, circuit and electromagnetic cosimulation is conducted. Finally, a 320 mm dipole loading with a negative capacitor is fabricated to verify the analysis. Simulated and measured results indicate that the proposed stability analysis is effective and the simulation accuracy is significantly improved. The matched dipole achieves less than −10 dB reflection coefficient from 30 MHz to 580 MHz. Furthermore, a 14 dB gain improvement is obtained in electrically small condition.