Hasil untuk "Biography"

Á. Molnár

Institute for Nuclear Research

Brief biography and scientific achievements of Leonid Anatoliyovych Bulavin in relation with his 80-th anniversary.

Erofeeva G.I.

The article provides an overview of the documentary heritage of Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich. Special attention is paid to foreign archives. The documents reflect the personal life, military service of Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich, his hobbies, leisure, foreign trips, the Orel period, etc. The pages of the biography of Alexei Sergeyevich Matveev, the Grand Duke’s business manager, are also highlighted. In addition, the article contains letters and telegrams from the Grand Duke of Perm, the place of exile of Mikhail Alexandrovich. Previously, these documents were not fully involved. The materials are in a private collection, the archive of the P. Gray family, Great Britain. The personality of the Grand Duke is one of the key figures of a turning point in Russian history. From 1899 to 1904. he was the heir to the throne of the Russian Empire. On March 3, 1917, Nicholas II signed the manifesto of abdication in favor of Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich. Thus, the introduction of materials from foreign archives into scientific circulation will make it possible to supplement the pages of the biography of Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich and help form the funds and exposition of future museums dedicated to the Grand Duke in Perm and the locality of the Bryansk region.

Ramona Staveckaitė-Notari, Andrius Tumavičius

The purpose of the article is to refine the data of the initial statistical study, “Women in the Lithuanian Partisan War, 1944-1953”, by examining the biographies of the female partisans in the Northeastern Lithuania partisan region according to targeted biographical parameters, and to present an objective picture of the female partisan. The paper analyses the reasons for women getting involved in the partisan movement, examines the social cross-section of the female fighters, and investigates the marital status and fates of the female partisans. After conducting the research, it was found that more than half of the female fighters chose this path because they had been influenced by their immediate environment, i.e. their relatives were actively involved in the armed resistance. This insight confirms the relationship between women’s motivation and the activities of their relatives imparted in historiography. One tenth of the female partisans examined became involved in the armed resistance for political reasons. This trend correlates with the insight that political engagement was low among women. Examination of the social cross-section revealed that most of the female partisans came from farming families, i.e. belonged to the main social group of the Republic of Lithuania population. Empirical data confirmed the opinion that the partisan resistance was essentially a struggle of the rural part of society against the Soviet regime. An analysis of the marital status of the female partisans revealed that more than 60 per cent of the female fighters were single, while 30 per cent were married and 18 per cent had children. The study of the fates of the female fighters imparts that these women either died/committed suicide or were arrested and convicted. There were only a few isolated cases of female partisans becoming legal. In this case, a clear difference is evident between the fates of women and men. Men became legal both individually and in groups. The Soviet repressive system treated male and female partisans equally – they were called “bandits” and punished according to Article 58 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR.

R. M. Zhitin, A. G. Topilsky

INTRODUCTION. The book heritage of the region’s personal libraries analysis allows us to understand the reading interests’ specifics of different generations of library owners, and to clarify important aspects of the intellectual and spiritual growth of Tambov bibliophiles in the process of working with books. In this regard, the stages of Alexey Nikolaevich Nortsov’s biography are considered in the context of its influence on bibliophilism.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The fundamental methodology in the work is the principles of objectivity and historicism. The historicism principle made it possible to analyze the book collection of A.N. Nortsov in close connection with the specifics of the epoch and the reader’s needs of the bibliophile. The objectivity principle is i mplemented on the basis of a detailed analysis of historical sources, which makes it possible to comprehensively study the process of completing the Norts library.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. A passion for genealogy and history of his native land inevitably left a mark on A.N. Nortsov’s library collection. His personal collection included voluminous collections of books on local history, regional archeology, and genealogy.CONCLUSION. The study of A.N. Nortsov’s personal library complements the cultural and educational portrait of its owner. The extensive thematic repertoire of the presented books allows us to speak about the broad reading interests of Alexey Nikolaevich, his high artistic taste. At the same time, the library collection acted as a creative laboratory for writing numerous works on the history of the Tambov Region, philosophical, religious, socio-political works.

This article delves into the life of Riyāh ibn Amr al-Kaysī who was a notable figure of the ascetic period, exploring his biography, ascetic philosophy, the allegations surrounding him, and his relationships with Rābia al-Adawiyya. The lifestyles and ideas of the ascetics living during the ascetic period have formed the foundation of sufi thought. However, some ascetics have also been subject to criticism. One such criticized ascetic is Riyāh ibn Amr al-Kaysī, who lived in Basra during the 2nd century AH (Hijri). Riyāh faced accusations of heresy from both Abū Dāvūd al-Sicistānī and Abū al-Huseyn al-Malatī. According to Malatī, Riyāh contended that, having reached the state of divine intimacy through love for Allah, he was not bound by the legal obligations of Sharia. Additionally, recent researchers have posited the possibility that Riyāh might have been married to Rābia al-Adawiyya. The aim of this study is to thoroughly examine the ascetic philosophy of Riyāh ibn Amr al-Kaysī, the accusations against him, and his relationship with Rābia al-Adawiyya. The study begins by presenting information about Riyāh's life, the ascetic environment in which he lived, and his ascetic philosophy. Subsequently, the accusations against him are scrutinized in light of these details. The research findings indicate that Riyāh did not lead a life distant from religious beliefs; on the contrary, he adhered to a rigorous ascetic lifestyle. Consequently, he faced accusations of heresy, and it is narrated that he attained martyrdom in Yakapınar, Adana.

Annagiorgia Migliorini

Following in the footsteps of his colleagues and friends of OBĖRIU, Oleinikov created a personal style of poetry and is considered a versatile author who worked as a poet, journalist, and children’s writer. Furthermore, he dedicated himself to cinema and theatre and developed a passion for mathematics, science and philosophy. This article consists of a concise overview of Oleinikov’s biography and poetry with special focus on a selection of poems dedicated to women. The aim of this article is to draw attention to his epigrams, toasts, and poems in which the author pretends to be a desperate lover or a vain suitor, wearing one of his most famous masks, the heartbreaker, in an ironic and comical treatment of romantic love.

Heinz D. Kurz

Alexander Pryn

The aim of the article is to explore the life and professional path of Paulina Tikhonova, a botanist and head of the Kherson Natural History Museum, during the difficult period of formation of the museum network in the early 1920s to early 1930s. The importance of the research is due to the need to create a complete history of the museum science in Ukraine through a series of studies on the history of individual museums, their managers and employees. The source base of this article is a complex of discovered archival materials on the history of museums of the Kherson region. These materials are stored in the Central State Archives of Supreme Bodies of Power and Government of Ukraine in the fund P 166 of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (1920–1946 People’s Commissariat of Education of the UkrSSR). The history of the Kherson Natural History Museum dates back to 1899, when the Natural History Museum of the Kherson Governorate Zemstvo was established. The Kherson Museum of Natural History is one of the 152 state-registered museums and one of the 10 natural history museums in the Soviet museum network. The article describes the stages of Paulina Tikhonova’s education from primary education to getting higher education in Odessa. The biography and the main stages of her professional growth are shown, the professional transformation from the head of the visual instruments workshop of the Bender Zemstvo, the instructor for the production of visual natural instruments of the Kherson Governorate Zemstvo, assistant of the Kherson Polytechnic Institute, and teacher of the Kherson Institute of Public Education to the head of the Kherson Natural History Museum. Scientific expeditions in the territories of the Kherson region became the main source of enrichment of the museum’s collection. Among them were trips to Dovhyi and Kruglyi islands, to Yahorlyk Bay, and the Kinburn Spit. Besides, in the article the structure of the Kherson Museum of Natural History is considered, the quantitative and qualitative composition of the collection is clarified, ways of its enrichment and other topics are considered. Regular working relations with local educational establishments and leading scientific institutions and individual researchers are reflected.

Mikhail A. Volkhonsky, Akhmet A. Yarlykapov, Sergey B. Manyshev

The article reveals the main stages of the life path of the last Karanogay manager Philip Iosifovich Kapelgorodsky (1882–1938) – a person whose merits in the arrangement of the Nogai steppe at the beginning of the XX century are unfairly forgotten. The little-studied aspects of his activities as an imperial administrator are highlighted with the involvement of archival data and memoirs. Separate episodes from the biography of F.I. Kapelgorodsky, which determined the turns of his life. His significant contribution to the organization of education in the Nogai steppe, the study and description of the culture, customs, way of life of the Nogais is indicated. A brief description and analysis of his activities during the Soviet period is also given. In addition, the track record of F.I. Kapelgorodsky in 1915, extracted from the funds of the Russian State Military Historical Archive, which allows us to clarify some biographical data.

Nita Trimulyaningsih, Fuad Nashori

At the end of the 20th century, a new scientific movement emerged in psychology called Islamic Psychology. Islamic psychology emphasizes the view of fitrah (sacred nature) in science. This science began when a book entitled "The Dilemma of Muslim Psychologists" was published, inspired, and awakened Muslim scientists in the world to return to the truth of Islam in psychology. The book was written by Malik Badri, who is known as the Father of Islamic Psychology. Seeing how big the role of Malik Badri in Islamizing psychology is, the researcher wanted to get a clear description of Malik Badri's biography, including the style of thought and the work produced. To get a biographical article, the researcher reviewed the literature/documents about Malik Badri like books, journals, news, and others about Malik Badri’s biography, creation, thought, etc with the design of a narratively qualitative approach. The data collected were analyzed by restorying stories. The result showed that there were so many contributions of Malik Badri for his discipline and also in the world society.

The Petrie Museum of Egyptian and Sudanese Archaeology, University College London (UCL) has recently received a generous donation of a framed pencil study of a young woman’s head, identified as Hilda Petrie (née Urlin). Over the past 12 months, the biography of this intriguing sketch has been reconciled from archival and art historical sources in preparation for its display as the centrepiece of the Petrie Museum’s newly refurbished entrance gallery. Three key characters are associated with this drawing: the Pre-Raphaelite artist Henry Holiday, Hilda Urlin, and her husband William Matthew Flinders Petrie, whose life stories are closely linked. Here, the background to the artist, the sitter, and her well-known husband will be presented in the contemporary context of late 19th and early 20th century archaeology in Egypt.

Lucian Vasile Bâgiu

The essay aims at decoding the 1954 novel The Sound of Waves in relation to Mishima’s biography, political and aesthetic theory, arguing that his most serene artistic achievement is, in the end, a desperate self-deluding for various inner contradictions. In a minute hermeneutic approach the article identifies and interprets such defining issues as: suicide, loneliness, individualism, egoism, materialism, decisive action, physical strength, traditionalism, religiosity, providence, knowledge, experience, love, capitulation, etc. The essay proves that, beyond an apparent thin shell of delightful fairy-tale like realm and story, The Sound of Waves is but a show of failed art therapy for the nightmarish inner universe of an idealist.

Akhmad Khoirul Munir, I Nyoman Wijaya, I Nyoman Sukiada

According to Kuntowijoyo writing biography can also be implemented against a person who comes from the unknown or participants. On that basis, study this takes up figure named Sutikno, a seacoast origin Bayuwangi East Java which currently domicile in Denpasar Bali by work as a mechanic motorcycle. A profession Sutikno will be the entrance in analysis, with an emphasis how he was that of a migrant (seacoast) generally in Bali can work as a mechanic workshop motorcycles with income that relatively success. By wearing a method/methodology Genealogi and theories post-strukturlism, especially the undirected Structural Generative Pierre Bourdieu and the Discourse-(Knowledge-Power )-Discipline Michel Foucault as a thought, the three had obtained. drawing conclusions. 1) With hard work and discipline, patient and keep trying not to despair Sutikno managed to achieve success even though through various obstacles and problems. 2) Factors behind the success of Sutikno mainly came from habitus and discipline and social private ownership of capital as a replacement for other capital. 3) Implication after sutikno pillars of success, that is a change from a social lower middle middle-class process for social climbed the stairs, characterized by differentiation consumption of goods that more luxurious and diverse than ever before.

Maryam Arab

Nietzsche, as one of the most popular philosophers and elite thinkers that formed modern thought, has been studied from many dimensions. There are many books about him, and many scholars are still doing research on his life, works, and thoughts. The plurality of the works and the differences in the representation of Nietzsche’s image has led to doubt and confusion in the determination of Nietzsche’s position and understanding of his thought. The present study aims at introducing and evaluating a major, recent, and important work in Nietzsche field, called “The Oxford Handbook of Nietzsche”. This scientific and standard work has thirty-two essays from world-renowned scholars. Essays have been organized in six discrete sections such as biography, historical relations, principal works and fundamental issues such as values, epistemology and metaphysics, and developments of will to power. These essays contain striking and precise points that can influence our understanding of Nietzsche’s philosophy and provide us with a broad knowledge of the main elements of his philosophy, such as superman, will to power, and eternal recurrence. Therefore this paper, after an overview of the book and description of its general features, summarizes the content of each essay to arouse the audience’s interest in pursuing a thorough study.

Muhammad Khoirul Hadi

This study is a research-based research is research library which starts from understanding the traditions relating to human actions, in this case the actions of people who exist in the understanding of the traditions of the prophet were analyzed using Matan pendektan and critical theory ala Muhammad al-Ghazalii, the da two important questions in this study, the first of how the views of Muhammad al-Ghazali against the traditions of the human actions in relation to understanding jabariyyah and Qadariyyah, both how the biography of the life of Muhammad al-Ghazali al.hasil of this study is, first that Muhammad al-Ghazali criticized traditions of human actions according to the jabriyyah and feed space impartial understanding with a view Qadiriyyah. Both figures dalah know boigrafi Muhammad al-Ghazali, sebgai contemporary thinkers capable hadith in Muslim world.

NÉMETH, Krisztina

This paper is an attempt to reconstruct the past and present life of the inhabitants of a former manorial village through the deep analysis of a narrative biographical interview. The hermeneutic case reconstruction focuses mainly on a person’s biography, seeking to grasp lived experience and its narrative account both separately and in their dynamic interrelation. Although every biographical narrative is unique, the present analysis tries to extract the elements of social history from the individual life story and in this way to reconstruct the mentality, common knowledge and norms, or generally speaking, the life of the manorial servants in the studied Transdanubian manorial village before World War II. In order to improve our knowledge of the manorial servants, which has so far relied on sociographies, or ‘snapshots’, of their lives produced by various authors from the 1930s to the 1980s, the time frame of the analysis has been extended to the post-socialist period following the democratic transition as well. In addition, the study pays a particular attention to the presence of cultural continuities, discontinuities, and eventual traumatic breaks in the life stories. Certain historical turning points are also highlighted as potentially traumatizing events, in connection of which the analysis seeks answers to the following questions: How did the former manorial servants experience these events? What was their typical, individual and collective response? What kinds of survival strategies did they choose to endure radical changes that tended to reshape the life style, rewrite the norms and values, and affect the whole world of their community? What traces did these events leave on their individual and collective identities?

William Over

This study will explore the Enlightenment conception of the individual of reason, its attempted formulations in actor biographies, and its ultimate denial by the reality of human identity as multiple, fluid, and dialogical. Such fluidity sought to overcome the marginal status of the stage player through the embodiment of rational models of personality. Some stage celebrities, most notably David Garrick, were offering themselves as public models of identity for the new age of reasoned discourse. This involved the presentation before the public of stage performers as fully realized individuals. However, the unavoidable problem was that presenting an individual, even a renowned stage star, as a living paradigm of the enlightened person of reason would prove elusive. Aside from the inherent contradiction of locating any perfected stereotype in an actual person, the qualities making an individual in full conformity to his or her “reason” did not match the particular cultural qualities demanded for a successful eighteenth-century middle-class Englishman or Englishwoman. Nonetheless, by the last quarter of the eighteenth century, significant advances were made both within the particular profession of acting and before the onstage and offstage public. The acting profession was moving quickly and for the first time in England away from its marginalized status to offer respected agents for cultural change. The new genre of actor biographies as well contributed to this more fully realized formulation of the modern individual.

Paul Knaplund, G. Scholefield

R. Shackleton