Hasil untuk "Aesthetics of cities. City planning and beautifying"

Timea Nochta, Kwadwo Oti-Sarpong

In this commentary, we trace processes of ‘social construction’ in the design and implementation of digital twins for cities. We discuss how the layering of a Social Construction of Technology (SCOT) lens on top of already existing perspectives in smart cities and urban planning can help to develop a more nuanced account of participation, inclusion and exclusion. The aim being to facilitate critical reflection on the development trajectory of the UDT concept and highlight that much of what is often described as the natural, inevitable advancement of the technology in fact serves particular interests, with privileged access. We also emphasise that alternative interpretations exist, and should be sought out by technology developers, to facilitate progress in UDT design and implementation.

Rafanisa Intan Azzahra, Hanson Endra Kusuma

Speelwijk Fort is one of the most visited historical heritage sites. Each visitor has their views in regard to this Fort. This study categorizes perception as a determining element in conservation activities. While no research has been conducted on this subject, this study explores visitors’ perceptions of Speelwijk Fort as an urban heritage tourist destination. It is designed to contribute towards developing an appropriate framework for managing, developing, and improving facilities, services, and quality provided by a historical tourism site. This study implements a grounded theory approach and is supported by an explorative qualitative method. Data collection was carried out using Google Maps review. Incoming reviews are selected based on a purposive sampling technique whose three main selection criteria are: reviews contain visitors’ evaluations that are relevant to the Speelwijk Fort; they are part of the 50 newest reviews representing the most updated conditions of the Speelwijk Fort; and review forms are completed with proper ratings. Using a three-stage content analysis method, this research reveals two groups of visitors’ perceptions. First are those who have positive perceptions and appreciate historical values, attractions, comfort, management, facilities, infrastructures, and the crowds offered by Speelwijk Fort during their visits. Second, visitors with negative perceptions experience discomfort and dissatisfaction with the management and facilities available at the fort. Keywords: Speelwijk Fort; visitor perceptions; urban heritage tourism; content analysis Abstrak Benteng Speelwijk menjadi salah satu situs peninggalan bersejarah yang ramai dikunjungi. Setiap pengunjung memiliki pandangannya sendiri akan benteng ini. Studi ini mengkategorikan persepsi sebagai elemen penting dalam kegiatan pelestarian. Ketika belum adanya penelitian tentang hal ini, studi ini mengeksplorasi persepsi pengunjung terhadap Benteng Speelwijk sebuah destinasi wisata kota tua. Studi didesain untuk memberi kontribusi dalam pembangunan kerangka yang tepat untuk pengelolaan, pengembangan, dan pembenahan fasilitas, pelayanan serta kualitas tempat pariwisata bersejarah. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan grounded theory dan didukung oleh metode kualitatif yang bersifat eksploratif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui Google Maps review. Review-review yang masuk diseleksi dengan teknik purposive sampling, dengan tiga kriteria utama, yaitu: review berisi evaluasi pengguna yang relevan dengan Benteng Speelwijk; merupakan 50 review terbaru yang mewakili kondisi terkini Benteng Speelwijk; dan review dilengkapi dengan rating. Dengan memakai tiga tahap analisis data isi (content analysis) sebagai metode analisisnya, penelitian ini mengungkap dua grup persepsi pengunjung. Pertama adalah kelompok pengunjung yang memiliki persepsi positif dan mengapresiasi nilai sejarah, daya tarik,  kenyamanan, pengelolaan, fasilitas, prasarana, serta menikmati keramaian yang ditawarkan oleh Benteng Speelwijk. Kedua, pengunjung yang memiliki persepsi negatif yang mengalami ketidaknyamanan dan ketidakpuasan terhadap pengelolaan dan fasilitas yang tersedia di benteng ini. Kata kunci: Benteng Speelwijk; persepsi pengunjung; urban heritage tourism; analisis isi

Nicola Zengiaro

The city was thought as the place of culture, a boundary of separation from the wilderness. Recently, ecosemiotics has shown that every kind of space is a habitat for those who survive in it. Thanks to a semiotic reading of the city, especially the urban park, we will try to deconstruct the opposition between nature and culture. Moving beyond this dualism it means to intersect every form of life that make up the city. This essay will attempt to rethink our time in a multi-species project aimed at the post-Anthropocene. Along this path we will try to imagine a posthuman that can survive the catastrophe. In the proposal we will see what can be done to live together with non-humans. For this reason we must think a new space for a peacefully coexistence. The ultimate question is: is it possible project the city by the relation between human and non-human? In the conclusion we will ask: is it possible to live as a holobiont?

Ayyoob Sharifi, Yoshiki Yamagata

Rene Antonio Romero Alvarez

El desarrollo capitalista en América Latina y la urbanización que se generó a partir del mismo, ha dado lugar a un sistema de ciudades muy diverso donde subyace una compleja problemática socio-residencial que afecta la calidad de vida de un gran porcentaje de la población en la región. En este artículo proponemos una revisión de las transformaciones urbanas en las ciudades latinoamericanas contemporáneas, interesados especialmente en lo sucedido desde 1950 hasta 2020. Creemos necesario abordar la incidencia del modelo capitalista en la configuración de las ciudades, la especificidad de las transformaciones urbanas en América Latina, así como los inicios de las políticas y proyectos de vivienda en la ciudad contemporánea y modos de abordaje público de la problemática habitacional en la región. Con el propósito de colaborar en la comprensión de tal objeto, se realiza una revisión de antecedentes de autores europeos, norteamericanos y latinoamericanos.

Eduardo Leste

In late modernity, Western societies undergo profound processes of change that lead to tensions between different social actors, which sometimes occur in intergenerational terms. This article explores these tensions in the field of music through the neobakala scene, which is composed of adults who have created a nostalgic discourse to establish a hierarchy with other musical scenes created by youngsters. The concepts of nostalgia and generation, therefore, will be key in articulating this text but both will be critically approximated, since the two assume a presence of memory in their constitution (that is not always backed by evidence). In this sense, this article, which also explores the past of the neobakala scene, claims memory as a field on its own, differentiated from nostalgia and as a source of criticism of it. On the other hand, in the analysis of this nostalgia, the neobakala scene and the same intergenerational struggles that occur in this late modernity, this article will pay special attention to the role of technological changes. To this end, the article will resort to the concept of remediation and, above all, that of "technological drama", which will allow us to observe a process of reintegration in which the neobakala subversive past ends up aligning itself with power in a context of expansion of digital technologies.

Rangga Seta Ugrasena, Ni Ketut Ayu Siwalatri, Tri Anggraini Prajnawrdhi

The development of tourism in Bali has given tourism potential in the community in the coastal areas. On the one hand, the coast has the potential to provide economic opportunity to the surrounding community. On the other, it is a public open space that is supposedly accessible to general community members. Taking this understanding forward and selecting Berawa Coastal Area of Tibubeneng Village, North Kuta District, Badung Regency-Bali as its case study, this research attempts to study the positive impacts brought by the tourist industry. It corresponds to the following findings that the industry has contributed to the: 1) enhancement of the economic welfare of Tibubeneng Community; 2) improvement of the overall visual quality of the coast; 3) improvement of environmental qualities, such as the overall cleanliness of Berawa Coast; and 4) image creation by preparing the coast as a living stage to conduct colossal cultural festival activities of Kecak dancers to be enjoyed by tourists who come to visit. This study uses qualitative methods. Primary data were obtained from physical observations, photographic documentation, and interview. Keywords: land use; public open space; the coastal area of Berawa Beach Abstrak Perkembangan pariwisata di Bali telah melahirkan potensi dalam masyarakat, khususnya pariwisata di kawasan pesisir. Satu sisi kawasan pesisir memiliki potensi untuk memberikan manfaat ekonomi bagi masyarakat. Di sisi lain, kawasan pesisir juga merupakan ruang terbuka publik, sehingga Kawasan Pesisir Pantai Berawa dapat dinikmati oleh semua orang. Fenomena yang terjadi saat ini adalah pemanfaatan ruang terbuka publik di Kawasan Pesisir Pantai Berawa yang dilakukan oleh berbagai pihak. Berdasarkan narasi tersebut, menjadi pertimbangan kemudian adalah bagaimana pengaruh pemanfaatan kawasan pesisir oleh berbagai pihak pada ruang terbuka publik di Pantai Berawa. Lokasi penelitian ini berada di Desa Tibubeneng, Kecamatan Kuta Utara, Kabupaten Badung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk menunjukan pemanfaatan ruang terbuka publik di Kawasan Pesisir Pantai Berawa oleh berbagai pihak. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil observasi, dokumentasi, dan data hasil wawancara untuk mendapatkan informasi yang mendukung hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini berupa identifikasi pemanfaatan ruang terbuka publik di Kawasan Pesisir Pantai Berawa, yang memberikan dampak pengaruh positif baik dari segi: 1) kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat Desa Tibubeneng; 2) peningkatan visual; 3) peningkatan lingkungan, terjaganya kebersihan Kawasan Pesisir Pantai Berawa; dan 4) peningkatan kesan, adanya kegiatan festival budaya kolosal penari kecak diharapkan dapat memberikan kesan tersendiri bagi para wisatawan yang berkunjung ke Pantai Berawa. Kata kunci : pemanfaatan ruang; ruang terbuka publik; pesisir Pantai Berawa

Andrea Raičević

The project discusses the relation between photography’s capacity to both objectively document fragments of material reality (measuring parameters such as colour, scale, light, and shadow), and to evoke subjective experiences, as acting in the field of memory, in dialogue with what is already known. Through a multitude of photos of urban settings, the project explores the use of the photographic medium as a mean to produce urban narratives. The illustrations argue that multivalence of interpretations of history and memory is not possible only through text and verbal transmission, but also through the image. Facts and personal memories in each shot are brought back to multi-dimensionality in a reiterative process of overlapping several exposures of different spaces. The process successively creates new visuals that contain layered graphical information of both temporal and geographical variability of the urban environment. Results take the forms of new independent and non-yet-existing urban landscapes. Each of them is at the same time apparition – jamais vu – and a postcard from awoken dreams. And both serve as premises for the future memories of the city.

João Cunha Borges, Teresa Marat-Mendes

I Made Widiastra, I Gusti Ngurah Anom Rajendra, I Wayan Kastawan

Sempadan pantai (a waterfront setback which by law is reserved and in which development is restricted) of Yeh Gangga Beach at the Tabanan Regency-Bali has been increasingly well used. This area is supposedly protected and dedicated to public uses, as outlined by Local Government Regulation number 11, year 2012. Unfortunately, the government has not yet been effectively imposing this policy. There is a growing concern, if the uncontrolled used of sempadan pantai is perpetuated, it will affect the nature of this reserved area. This study aims to determine the impact of the construction of tourist facilities on the sempadan of Pantai Yeh Gangga. The analysis is grounded by conceptions offered by several literatures relevant to tourism development and environmental protection. This study uses a qualitative research method. Data is collected through observations, photographic documentation, and interviews with community leaders, government authorities, employers and tourists. The collected data is presented in the form of tables and narratives. Study results show that development of tourist facilities on Yeh Gangga's setback area has various negative impacts on the physical environment. This research strongly recommends local government to carry out a routine control over waterfront development. Alternatively, this can be done by empowering local communities and enforcing sanctions when violations over an enforced regulation take place. Local communities are strongly advised to preserve the natural state of their physical environment by not polluting it. Business owners should also participate in this move by conducting environmentally conscious business-practices and taking adequate premeditated protections of the environment in their hand at all chances. Keywords: coastal development, environment, law enforcement, Yeh Gangga   Abstrak Sempadan Pantai - kawasan yang berfungsi utama sebagai kawasan lindung - di Pantai Yeh Gangga, Kabupaten Tabanan, Bali mengalami perkembangan pemanfaatan yang pesat. Area ini seharusnya dilindungi dan dimanfaatkan untuk kepentingan publik seperti halnya yang diatur oleh Peraturan Daerah Nomor 11 Tahun 2012. Akan tetapi Pemerintah Daerah Tabanan belum epektif memberlakukan kebijakan ini. Apabila ini terus berlangsung, maka akan tumbuh bangunan ilegal dan akan sulit ditertibkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak pembangunan fasilitas pariwisata terhadap lingkungan fisik kawasan sempadan Pantai Yeh Gangga. Teori kepariwisataan dan lingkungan digunakan dalam pendekatan kajian ini. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi bertahap, dokumentasi langsung, wawancara dengan tokoh masyarakat, pemerintah, pengusaha. Penyajian data dilakukan dengan dokumentasi, dalam bentuk tabel dan narasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pembangunan fasilitas pariwisata di kawasan sempadan Pantai Yeh Gangga Tabanan berdampak negatif terhadap aspek lingkungan fisik. Rekomendasi penelitian ini adalah pemerintah daerah harus melakukan pengawasan secara rutin dengan memberdayakan masyarakat setempat dan bertindak tegas terhadap pelanggaran. Masyarakat setempat agar memprioritaskan kelestarian lingkungan fisik dengan tidak mencemari lingkungan. Pengusaha dan industri pariwisata dalam menjalankan bisnis harus juga menjaga lingkungan. Kata kunci: pembangunan pesisir, lingkungan, penegakan aturan,Yeh Gangga

Fulvio Re Cecconi, Nicola Moretti, Sebastiano Maltese et al.

Measuring and rating resilience of assets is a key enabler for asset and portfolio management. This paper presents a resilience rating system for buildings by utilising a Building Information Modelling approach. The assessment is carried out through a calculation following the Analytical Hierarchy Process. This methodology can be applied to different types of buildings, without a loss of precision or reliability. This resilience rating forms an integral part of more comprehensive array of Key Performance Indicators frameworks for asset and portfolio management, and therefore can significantly influence strategic investment choices for designers, engineers and building owners.

Anabela Carvalho

The goal fo this article is to discursively deconstruct the city of Braga. By analyzing political communication and advertising, it aims to show the analytical potential of concepts proposed by Ernesto Laclau and Chatal Mouffe to understand how certain discourses become hegemonic, shaping the meaning of the city and the identity of subjects. Laclau and Mouffe view meanings as something that his never completely defined but only partly fixed by nodal points constituted through practices of articulation. “Development” and “green growth” were two key nodal points that fixed the meaning of social relations in Braga in different historic moments. “Nature” and “green” emerged in a variety of discursive contexts to support both the city council’s project and business interests. As these signifiers became increasingly eroded, they turned into empty signifiers allowing for all sorts of discursive uses in constructing and reinforcing the hegemonic position of local powers. Simultaneously, the subject positions and identities of citizens were also reconstructed through those discourses.

Alejandra Lunecke

En la periferia de la ciudad de Santiago se observan zonas de viviendas sociales que se caracterizan por una alta concentración de precariedades económicas y materiales, segregación espacial, procesos de debilitamiento del tejido comunitario y altos niveles de inseguridad, esto último por la presencia de grupos vinculados a la criminalidad. En tal contexto, a partir de una investigación realizada en el sector Santo Tomás de la zona sur de Santiago de Chile, se analiza cómo incide en los procesos de debilitamiento del tejido social, la percepción de inseguridad asociada al delito y la violencia, en un medio de pobreza guetizada. Para ello se pone énfasis en las prácticas discursivas de los vecinos, las que dan cuenta de los juicios de valor existentes respecto de "lo peligroso" y "lo desviado". Se discute cómo dichos juicios refuerzan las dinámicas de distinción social existentes en el nivel micro barrial y se alimentan de ellas.

Elisabetta Maino

Heritages of exceptional value are often not properly understood, even if they are part of our everyday life. This is the case of the Eugenio Morelli sanatorium village. The experience of a research group, of which Luisa Bonesio is part, shows how those places can be “viewed consciously” through a cultural path, where “experts” and “inhabitants” mutually interact and exchange their own experiences, thus broadening knowledge from the local to the international level. Photographs drive this renewed wise and educated perception, and create a sort of touristic itinerary within the ex sanatorium, inviting to take a tour, and giving new life to things of the past, since new eyes now can see them.

Eugenio Arbizzani

Irena Ostojić, Tadej Glažar

Sustainable spatial development is a generally accepted objective and principle in spatial planning. It is implemented mainly by regulations in the sectors for management of natural resources, but not comprehensively in implementing regulations for urban space management. One of the most important instruments of spatial planning at local level is land use, for which there is no comprehensive framework of implementing measures for achieving sustainable spatial objectives in urban areas. In accordance with the review and critical analysis of literature, there are four measures presented in the paper: protection of natural resources and reduction of environmental-climate risks, compact urban structure, mixed-use and accessibility of urban functions. The review and analysis have shown that the listed measures enable sustainable development of urban areas, but only if they are planned and implemented in accordance with supporting physical, social and economic elements of urban space. In the conclusion, indicators which can assess the level of sustainability in land use design are presented and guidelines for restructuring land use in existing settlement areas are described.

Altamiro Sérgio Mol Bessa

Ao tentar retomar ocupações e traçados do passado, o turismo pode retomar, simultaneamente, (in)capacidades e conflitos presentes desde sempre nos lugares. Esta é a tese proposta neste trabalho. Para demonstrá-la, como objetos de estudo foram tomados dois núcleos históricos situados no antigo Caminho dos Diamantes, uma das três rotas que formavam as Estradas Reais: os distritos de Milho Verde e São Gonçalo. Estas localidades, grandes produtoras de diamantes nos séculos XVII e XVIII, ao final do período da mineração apresentavam paisagens distintas. Mantidas abandonadas por mais de um século, em função do esvaziamento econômico a que foi submetido todo o norte mineiro, estas localidades foram descobertas pelo turismo nas décadas finais do século XX. Os resultados desta pesquisa mostraram que o turismo em Milho Verde retomou o antigo Caminho dos Diamantes como condutor dos novos processos insustentáveis que se estabeleceram sobre a localidade. Em São Gonçalo, o tipo de turismo que se estabeleceu retomou o antigo Caminho como atrativo turístico, recuperando as capacidades que historicamente fizeram da localidade um lugar paisagisticamente qualificado. A construção metodológica desta pesquisa centrou-se na paisagem como principal categoria de percepção e análise dos fenômenos.

Vittorio Iervese

In Concrete Island, un romanzo del 1974, J.G. Ballard racconta di Robert Maitland, “un borghese come tanti, con una moglie, un figlio, un’amante e una magnifica Jaguar, non necessariamente in ordine di valore” che in seguito ad un banalissimo incidente stradale si trova a scoprire una comunità sorta e cresciuta all’ombra dei piloni dell’autostrada. Maitland si trasforma così in una specie di esploratore di un mondo sempre esistito ma mai osservato. Per capire il rapporto che lega il documentario alla ricerca sociale bisogna mettersi nelle condizioni descritte da Ballard. Nel senso che è necessario alzarsi dalla propria postazione di lavoro e uscire a fare un giro nel mondo, nella speranza che capiti qualcosa d’inatteso che ci apra alla conoscenza.

Mario Ceniquel

Generally , the main subject is related to the tHesis that there is a landscape design tradition in Rio, built on important urbanistic and environmental movements, held on the city's early history, back in the eighteenth century, during both the governor's and the vice-rey's colonial periods. This process, begun as described, was later on developed during the prodigious nineteenth century, since the Architect Grandjean de Montigny (neo-classicist) until Glaziou (romanticist). It has crystallized out in the twentieth century, firstly in the outstanding and polemic administration of City Major Francisco Pereira Passos (1902-1906) and, lately, in the career of Roberto Burle Marx. The content focuses on french Engineer Auguste Marie François Glaziou (1833-1906), since we consider his work, in the landscape field, the most important one of the nineteenth century In Brazil. It iniciates the firtt consequent discussions about the city of Rio de Janeiro, mainly related to the urban open escapes design and management, creating, as a consequence, the proper background for the escale urbanistic interventions in city, during the twentieth century