Hasil untuk "Social Sciences"

Andrew Gary Darwin Holmes

Masters and PhD student researchers in the social sciences are often required to explore and explain their positionality, as, in the social world, it is recognized that their ontological and epistemological beliefs influence their research. Yet novice researchers often struggle with identifying their positionality. This paper explores researcher positionality and its influence on and place in the research process. Its purpose is to help new postgraduate researchers better understand positionality so that they may incorporate a reflexive approach to their research and start to clarify their positionality.

Junwen Zhu, Weishu Liu

Web of Science and Scopus are two world-leading and competing citation databases. By using the Science Citation Index Expanded and Social Sciences Citation Index, this paper conducts a comparative, dynamic, and empirical study focusing on the use of Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus in academic papers published during 2004 and 2018. This brief communication reveals that although both Web of Science and Scopus are increasingly used in academic papers, Scopus as a new-comer is really challenging the dominating role of WoS. Researchers from more and more countries/regions and knowledge domains are involved in the use of these two databases. Even though the main producers of related papers are developed economies, some developing economies such as China, Brazil and Iran also act important roles but with different patterns in the use of these two databases. Both two databases are widely used in meta-analysis related studies especially for researchers in China. Health/medical science related domains and the traditional Information Science and Library Science field stand out in the use of citation databases.

M. Batty

T. Daniel, A. Muhar, A. Arnberger et al.

N. Wallerstein, B. Duran

A. Mills, Gabrielle Durepos, Elden Wiebe et al.

H. Radder

Practicing and studying automated experimentation may benefit from philosophical reflection on experimental science in general. This paper reviews the relevant literature and discusses central issues in the philosophy of scientific experimentation. The first two sections present brief accounts of the rise of experimental science and of its philosophical study. The next sections discuss three central issues of scientific experimentation: the scientific and philosophical significance of intervention and production, the relationship between experimental science and technology, and the interactions between experimental and theoretical work. The concluding section identifies three issues for further research: the role of computing and, more specifically, automating, in experimental research, the nature of experimentation in the social and human sciences, and the significance of normative, including ethical, problems in experimental science.

S. Carpenter, H. Mooney, J. Agard et al.

Estelle Le Bohec

B. Bass, R. Bass

G. Valentine

A. Onwuegbuzie, N. Leech

J. Cornelissen, Mirjam D. Werner

S. Collins, S. Carpenter, S. Swinton et al.

R. Hughes, M. Huby

Vignettes refer to stimuli, including text and images, which research participants are invited to respond. Drawing on a range of social science sources, this paper focuses on two substantive areas concerning the use of vignettes in research. Considered first is the development and construction of vignettes. This section is concerned with internal reliability; research topics; participants; and interest, relevance, realism and timing. Considered second are vignette interpretations and responses, in particular open and closed questioning; vignette perspectives; and difficulties with interpreting and responding to vignettes. Together these explorations contribute to the wider appreciation of vignette methodologies used within the social sciences. The paper concludes by outlining the limitations of using vignettes in social research.

M. Jacobson, U. Wilensky

E. Miguel, Colin Camerer, K. Casey et al.

Tulay Ilhan-Nas, Aysegul Saglam, Tarhan Okan et al.

Industry 4.0, whose effects have been more and more noticeable in recent years, and the digital change it brings call for a new educational model that aligns university instructional processes and curricula with the demands of business. This approach, known as University 4.0, intends to promote more technology-based applications, the power of innovation, the training of skilled specialists to satisfy industrial needs, and the development of competences that can achieve multidisciplinary projects. It is of utmost importance to adapt late-industrializing nations’ educational systems, such as Turkey’s, to this change process. The aim of this research, which takes the Turkish context as a reference, is to reveal how the curricula and educational processes of business schools should be shaped with a perspective that takes into account the human resources requirements of industry 4.0. A decision-making technique that integrates QFD, Delphi, and DEMATEL methods was employed in the study. The results clearly show that the most important expectation for social stakeholders is to provide university-industry cooperation. However, some of the most pressing problems include applied learning through collaborative educational experiences, teamwork skills, changing roles and competencies of academics. The findings point out that the educational activities of business schools must be linked with industry expectations through technology-based training activities and teamwork.

Eric Ngondiep

This paper constructs a three-step second-order numerical approach for solving a mathematical model on the dynamic of corruption and poverty. The stability and error estimates of the proposed technique are analyzed using the L2-norm. The developed algorithm is at least zero-stable and second-order accurate. Furthermore, the new method is explicit, faster and more efficient than a large class of numerical schemes applied to nonlinear systems of ordinary differential equations and can serve as a robust tool for integrating general systems of initial-value problems. Some numerical examples confirm the theory and also consider the corruption and poverty in Cameroon.

Ziyi Yin, Guowei Huang, Rui Zhao et al.

Abstract Crowdfunding has become important in increasing financial support for the development of green technologies. Self-disclosed information significantly affects supporters’ decisions and is important for the success of green project funding. However, current studies still lack investigations into the impact of information disclosure on green crowdfunding performance. This research aims to fill this knowledge gap by exploring eight information disclosure-relevant factors in green crowdfunding performance. Applying machine learning techniques (e.g., Natural Language Processing and Computer Vision) and logistic regression, this study investigates 720 green crowdfunding campaigns on GoFundMe and empirically finds that the duration, length of campaign introductions, and length of the title influence fundraising outcomes. However, no evidence supports the impact of goal size, emotion of campaign introduction, or image content on funding success. This study clarifies the information disclosure-related data that green crowdfunding campaigns should consider and provides founders with a constructive guide to smoothly raise money for a green crowdfunding campaign. This study also contributes to data processing methods by providing future studies with an approach for transferring unstructured data to structured data.