Alia Ariefa Nina, Wardyaningrum Damayanti, Rahayu Rachmidian
et al.
This study explores the expressions of spirituality in Indonesian post-disaster songs as a cultural medium for fostering collective resilience. Using Carl Gustav Jung’s analytical psychology particularly the concept of archetypes this research examines how songs symbolize collective inner dynamics and traumatic experiences. Six disaster-themed songs (“Indonesia Menangis,” “Untuk Kita Renungkan,” “Baku Jaga,” “Di Saat Minggu Masih Pagi,” “Bencana,” and “Kita Untuk Mereka”) were selected as primary data. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify spiritual dimensions within the lyrics, which were then interpreted through archetypal symbolism. The findings reveal that these songs reflect a cultural process of collective reflection in the face of disaster, acknowledging human vulnerability, the darker aspects of existence, and the search for meaning through relationships with God and social solidarity. In Indonesia’s religious and communal context, spiritual expressions extend beyond individual faith, nurturing shared values of empathy and solidarity. These songs act as symbolic vehicles that channel trauma, generate meaning, and support psychosocial recovery. The study confirms that within Indonesia’s disaster landscape, songs are not only emotional expressions but also instruments for transforming crisis into spiritual strength and collective resilience. This underscores the significance of integrating cultural and spiritual approaches into disaster recovery strategies.
English euphemism is not only a kind of linguistic phenomenon but also a kind of social and cultural phenomenon. From the perspective of sociolinguistics, this paper employs the literature research method and the case analysis method to conduct a comparative study of euphemisms in Chinese, Japanese, and English. The research reveals that euphemisms in these three languages share certain commonalities while also demonstrating marked differences in terms of indi-rectness, temporality, nationality, and regionality. At the same time, eu-phemisms serve multiple social functions such as avoidance, politeness, con-cealment, and humor. This study aims to provide some reference for the re-search on euphemisms from the perspective of sociolinguistics.
Agus Suherman Suryadimulya, Reiza D. Dienaputra, Susi Machdalena
et al.
This paper delves into the realm of cultural intelligence inherent in Japanese and Indonesian idiomatic expressions. In the context of intercultural communication, Indonesian speakers utilize diverse cultural intelligence frameworks to express various facets of Japanese culture, with language serving as a prominent component. While a plethora of studies have examined idioms from semantic and semiotic perspectives, a notable gap exists in the literature regarding the exploration of cultural intelligence within idiomatic expressions in both languages, encompassing both structural and semantic analyses. Filling this research void, the present study aims to elucidate the concept of cultural intelligence, specifically focusing on the comprehension of Japanese and Indonesian idioms, particularly those related to the notion of "face". Employing a descriptive research approach, data comprising 16 Japanese idioms and 13 Indonesian idioms were meticulously examined to unveil the cultural significance within each group. The idioms were sourced from various dictionaries and specifically focused on expressions related to body parts, especially the face, which are commonly employed in everyday life. These idiomatic expressions were systematically classified into three categories and subjected to comprehensive analysis. The findings reveal that the majority of the idioms convey emotions, personal characteristics, and concepts of honor, thereby reflecting both cultural similarities and differences between Indonesian and Japanese cultures through idiomatic expressions. This study sheds further light on the intersection between cultural intelligence and idiomatic language, enhancing our understanding of how culture influences language use and interpretation.
Special aspects of education, Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar
Political caricature is one of the most interesting historical sources for studying the formation of the image of an event or a nation. It is often in the caricature that one can trace the process of visualizing the “image of the enemy” in a particular state, which is deliberately constructed under the influence of various external and internal factors. A striking example is the Soviet political cartoon. The article is devoted to the study of the formation of the image of Japan in the political caricature of the Soviet Union on the example of the newspaper “Soviet Siberia” during the Manchurian crisis.
The author insists that, in order to form the negative image of Japan by the means of caricature, old stereotypes about Japan which had emerged during the Russo-Japanese and the Russian Civil wars were used, including mass representations of the Japanese as carriers of such traits as belligerence, cruelty, cunning, and unpredictability.
The study concludes that Japan was represented as an aggressor country, which, under the pretext of “self-defense”, invaded the neighboring state in order to seize its territories, as well as an exploiter of the masses. Eventually, this formed the reader’s image of Japan as an enemy state, conditioned a negative attitude towards the Far Eastern neighbor on the level of mass consciousness, and gave impetus to further anti-Japanese propaganda, which received special development in the USSR since 1933.
Ken 拳 was the most popular game in Japan from the middle of the 18th to the middle of the 20th century. Originating in China and developing initially in the licensed quarters this drinking game soon transcended the boundaries of the red light districts and became popular among the whole population, young and old, men and women, commoners and samurai, either as numbers-ken (hon-ken, kazu-ken) or as sansukumi-ken (ken of the three who are afraid of one another), especially as fox-ken (kitsune-ken, Tōhachi-ken). The existence of six instruction books for the game published within the short time span of 85 years only during the late Edo period gives convincing proof of the game’s popularity. The author discusses these six books and four other ones from the 20th century and states that these instruction books may not only be consulted by ken players or researchers in the history of games, but their contents might be valuable also for researchers in literary, cultural, art and social history of Japan.
Filler, also known as Firaa in Japanese, is a discourse marker which frequently used by Japanese people in daily communication. However, Japanese learners are less likely to employ this discourse marker. This study aims to identify the types of Firaa and their functions in the textbook “Marugoto: Japanese Language and Culture” for Beginner (A1) and Elementary (A2) levels. The data observed were collected from 217 audios of chokai (listening) and videos of kaiwa (conversation) as supplements in the Marugoto for Beginner (A1) and Elementary (A2) levels textbooks. The type of Firaa and their functions were then categorized using Yamane’s (2002) theory, and a total of 271 Firaa appear in conversations has been collected. The findings of this study showed that only six types of vowel sound Firaa type from the eight types of Yamane’s theory, namely the ‘Eeto’ Firaa type, the ‘Ko-So-A’ Firaa type, the ‘Hai’ Firaa type, the ‘N’ Firaa type, the ‘Maa’ Firaa type, and the ‘Saa’ type were found and introduced in the Marugoto textbooks at the beginner and elementary levels (A1 & A2). Moreover, it is found that the Firaa introduced to Japanese learners were based on their level of proficiency, so as the level increases, the Firaa types introduced in the textbooks also increase. Further, in the beginner level (A1), we found 74 times Firaa and five Firaa types, while at the elementary level (A2), the Firaa are used in much higher frequency. Hence, we can conclude that Marugoto: Japanese Language and Culture for Beginner (A1) and Elementary (A2) levels has its’ own the criteria as textbooks which use communicative approach by introducing Firaa as one of the Japanese characteristic discourse markers from the beginner level.
The translator as a negotiator must ensure that all information contained in the source language text is conveyed to the target language reader. Because translation can be a way to overcome intercultural gaps. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method to find the formulation of the translation of Japanese cultural terms that have been negotiated in Indonesian translation. The material objects of this research were the Japanese novel 'Tenki No Ko' and its Indonesian translation 'Weathering With You’. The frameworks for this study were Newmark's cultural terms categorizations, Eco's idea of negotiation, and Baker's strategies for culture-specific items. This study revealed that the negotiation of Japanese cultural identity can be identified and formulated through the translation strategy used by the translator. The strategies were using general words, omissions, paraphrasing with related words, using neutral words, and using unrelated words.
In der vorliegenden Rezension soll der 2020 im be.bra wissenschaft verlag, Berlin, erschienene Sammelband Sprachlich-literarische literarische »Aggregatzustände« im Japanischen: Europäische Japan-Diskurse 1998 – 2018 näher besprochen werden. Neben der Herausarbeitung der Hauptargumentationslinien einer Reihe von inhaltlich teils stark divergierender Beiträge, welche durch die Kernthemen Transmedialität, Freizeit und Literatur lose zusammengehalten werden, richtete ich mein Augenmerk auf die Frage, inwiefern es dem Herausgeber und den Autor*innen gelungen war, ihr selbstgestecktes Ziel, nicht nur ein akademisches, sondern auch ein interessiertes Laienpublikum anzusprechen, zu erreichen. Meiner Einschätzung nach konnte dieser Selbstanspruch zu weiten Teilen erfolgreich umgesetzt werden. Als entscheidende Faktoren identifiziere ich einerseits die Bitte des Herausgebers um einen zugänglichen, an der mündlichen Ausdrucksweise angelehnten Schreibstil und andererseits die Einarbeitung kurzer thematischer Einführungen in die meisten der eingereichten Aufsätze. Mit der vorliegenden Evaluierung dieses Projektes hoffe ich zur Ausarbeitung vertiefender Strategien beizutragen, die – auch jenseits der Populärwissenschaft – einer breitenwirksameren Verbreitung japanologischer Inhalte zuträglich sein werden.
Responding to compliment sometimes puts the speech partner in a dilemma. Receiving a compliment can cause a chance of a self-compliment impression. If you refuse a compliment, it will give the impression of not appreciating the reasonable judgment of the speech partner (complimenter). This dilemma will be more complicated for foreign language learners, including those who have linguistic skills at an advanced level. This article contains how native speakers provide an assessment for the compliment responses of speeches to Japanese learners, especially in Central Java and D.I.Yogyakarta. Fifty-three respondents were Japanese learners, and five were native Japanese speakers as judges to assess the naturalness of the respondents' compliment speech responses. Among 424 responses of Japanese learners' compliment speech, 55 per cent of the respondents' speech was considered unnatural. It indicates that there has been a socio-pragmatic failure and a pragma-linguistic failure. Socio-pragmatic failure can be seen in the "lack of competence" to consider extra-linguistic factors, such as the failure to consider whom the partners are speaking, the failure to understand the horizontal distance and vertical distance speech partners. The use of speech levels that are not under the conversation context is quite visible in the data.
The article overviews the COVID-19 situation in Japan and its impact on the country's economy. As of the beginning of August 2021, the cumulative cases of coronavirus in Japan reached 0.9 million, of which about 15 thousand were lethal. At the same time, the cumulative cases in the world exceeded 198 million, and deaths - 4.2 million. The top five countries in terms of cumulative cases include the United States, India, Brazil, Russia, and France. According to this indicator, Japan ranks 33rd in the world. In Japan, the COVID-19 situation is not as serious as in the abovementioned states. However, its economy has also suffered significant damage. Japan's GDP decreased by 4.7 % in 2020 (its decline was estimated in the range from 4.7 to 7.3 %). Three additional budgets to finance anti-crisis packages have increased state budget borrowings. As a result, the share of borrowings amounted to 64.1 %, which is significantly higher than in 2009 (52.1 %) - the year of the global financial crisis. Unemployment increased for the first time in 11 years, and automotive industry, tourism, and public catering were among the industries most affected by the pandemic. The Olympic Games in Tokyo were held without spectators (both foreign and local), and local firms could not gain the 4 trillion yen which was estimated to be the expenses of foreign tourists. The pandemic also had a negative impact on value chains, reducing Japan's foreign trade in the first half of 2020. However, its dynamics recovered quickly. COVID-19 caused an increase in online trade, and also provoked a "restructuring" of the national labor market (due to anti-epidemic measures, the share of remote workers has significantly increased). In general, the pandemic has had a negative impact on the economy and society of Japan. But the national government sees an opportunity in every crisis. Thus, it is expected that one of the consequences of the pandemic will be structural changes in the economy, and local firms will invest more in digitalization and green technologies.
Simon Devylder, Christoph Bracks, Misuzu Shimotori
et al.
ABSTRACT Looking at the way different linguistic communities speak about a universally shared domain of experience raises questions that are central to the language sciences. How can we compare meaning across languages? What is the interaction between language, thought, and perception? Does linguistic diversity entail linguistic relativism? The literature on the naming systems of the body across languages have addressed these questions with little consensus. In the present study, we contribute to this debate with a comparison of body part terms in French, Indonesian, and Japanese. Using an updated version of the body coloring task, we observed both diversity and cross-linguistically shared patterns. Importantly, we also observed that speakers of languages which violate the wrist/ankle joint boundary rule do not collapse the distinction in thought. This key finding goes against the conflation of language and thought and leads us to conclude that linguistic diversity does not entail linguistic relativism. Methodologically, we advocate for the use of a culturally neutral etic space as a necessary tool in semantic typology. Theoretically, we propose that language is a multilevel phenomenon, which results from the interaction of non-linguistic and cross-culturally shared embodied motivations, context-specific situated language use, and culturally specific sedimented linguistic conventions.
In classifications of vocabulary knowledge, vocabulary size and depth have often been separately conceptualized (Schmitt, 2014). Although size and depth are known to be substantially correlated, it is not clear whether they are a single construct or two separate components of vocabulary knowledge (Yanagisawa and Webb, 2020). This issue has not been addressed extensively in the literature and can be better examined using structural equation modeling (SEM), with measurement error modeled separately from the construct of interest. The current study reports on conventional and Bayesian SEM approaches (e.g., Muthén and Asparouhov, 2012) to examine the factor structure of the size and depth of second language vocabulary knowledge of Japanese adult learners of English. A total of 255 participants took five vocabulary tests. One test was designed to measure vocabulary size in terms of the number of words known, while the remaining four were designed to measure vocabulary depth in terms of word association, polysemy, and collocation. All tests used a multiple-choice format. The size test was divided into three subtests according to word frequency. Results from conventional and Bayesian SEM show that a correlated two-factor model of size and depth with three and four indicators, respectively, fit better than a single-factor model of size and depth. In the two-factor model, vocabulary size and depth were strongly correlated (r = 0.945 for conventional SEM and 0.943 for Bayesian SEM with cross-loadings), but they were distinct. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Alpina Pamugari, Yosefa Putri Tanjungsari, Ari Artadi
et al.
Japanese history course is one of the primary supporting knowledge for Japanese language and culture learners to understand Japan as a whole. Therefore, the Japanese Language and Culture department at Darma Persada University, providing a Nihon no Rekishi (Japan History) lecture using Japanese language textbooks of Japan History. However, based on the results of the evaluation using a questionnaire, Japanese language modules that our campus had now does not give a positive impact on student understanding. Based on this, our goal is to make Japanese History module with developing lecture materials. The development of teaching materials in the form of this module is a Research and Development (R&D) research, based on the ADDIE (Analyse, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) method. First, the results of the analyse phase is improvement needed in order to be able to present knowledge that is not only useful and actual but also encourages students to think critically about Japan history. Second, the results at the design stage, a teaching module is prepared, which contains balanced explanations with pictures or mini videos. They can question about pictures or figures or events that have multiple perspectives for discussed with teacher in lectures. Third, in the development stage, based on the results of analysing and design stages with consultations from leading universities in Japan experts found that at the development stage, have the results that the implementation and evaluation contents of the module are a simplification of reference literature materials, and provide several perspectives on figures and events in Japanese history.
The present study investigates how high school students used and perceived self-assessment in a Japanese summer immersion camp, utilizing a learner autonomy framework (Holec, 1981). Through surveys and interviews, this study found that engagement in self-assessment positively impacts learner participation in their own learning, including learners’ awareness of their own language ability and acquisitional needs, and learners’ ability to manage their language learning and its procedures. This study also confirmed the benefits of self-assessment argued for in previous literature. Furthermore, this study identified some issues regarding the implementation of self-assessment in the program studied, such as the design of self-assessment instruments and the correspondence between the content of can-do statements and available resources and activities at the camp. Lastly, this paper discusses suggestions and implications for future self-assessment practice and research in language programs.
Education (General), Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar
Infants with atopic dermatitis who developed hyponatremia and hyperkalemia with raised aldosterone have been repeatedly described in the Japanese‐language literature, but similar reports from other countries are scarce.
While English plays a prominent role in universities across the globe, study abroad research has rarely considered English learning in non-Anglophone countries. This article presents a narrative case study of the experience of a Japanese exchange student in Thailand whose primary purpose for study abroad was to improve his English. Grounded in the notion of Individual Networks of Practice (Zappa-Hollman & Duff, 2015), the qualitative analysis will focus on the participant’s evolving social networks and reported communication practices as mediated through available subject positions and varying degrees of investment. Particularly, findings reveal the dissonance between his investment in native speaker English and the reality of using English as a lingua franca, which decidedly influenced the student’s (non-)participation in certain social groups and practices. Casting fresh light on globalization and language learning, the study offers a unique contribution to the study abroad literature and suggests avenues for further research and education.
This paper focuses on ‘clause’, a celebrated structural unit in linguistics, by comparing Finnish and Japanese, two languages which are genetically, typologically, and areally distinct from each other and from English, the language on the basis of which this structural unit has been most typically discussed. We first examine how structural units including the clause have been discussed in the literature on Finnish and Japanese. We will then examine the reality of the clause in everyday talk in these languages quantitatively and qualitatively; in our qualitative analysis, we focus in particular on what units are oriented to by conversational participants. The current study suggests that the degree of grammaticization of the clause varies cross-linguistically and questions the central theoretical status accorded to this structural unit.
 This research discusses about the application of the Zen Buddhism principles in urasenke style tea ceremony. The purpose of this research is to explain the application of the Zen principles (wa, kei, sei, jaku) in urasenke style tea ceremony. This research used descriptive qualitative method to analyze the data. This study uses the principles given by Sen no Rikyu. These principles are wa (harmony), kei (respect), sei (purity), and jaku (tranquility). The results of this study show that the four principles are applied through the actions taken by the host and guest in the urasenke style tea ceremony.
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Keywords        : chanoyu, urasenke, buddhism, zen, Japan