Industrial policy has re-emerged as a central concern of economic strategy, yet dominant frameworks − most notably the developmental state and political settlements − still offer only partial explanations of how states pursue industrial transformation under the pressures of globalization. This article develops a multi-level perspective that connects domestic politics, institutional capacity, leadership agency, and transnational forces within a single analytical frame. It argues that the effectiveness of industrial policy depends not on any one of these domains alone, but on how they interact and reinforce − or undermine − one another across scales of governance. Drawing on the experiences of South Korea (1961–1979) and Malaysia (1981–2003), the paper shows how similar developmental ambitions yielded varying degrees of success, reflecting differences in bureaucratic autonomy, coalition cohesion, and the ability to navigate global regimes and value-chain dynamics. The analysis suggests that successful industrial policy in a globalized world requires both embedded and autonomous institutions, adaptive and committed leadership, and the capacity to negotiate a viable policy space within transnational constraints. The framework thus contributes to a broader research agenda on global industrial policy, linking domestic governance to the evolving architecture of globalization that now shapes industrialization itself.
Cities. Urban geography, Urbanization. City and country
First paragraph:
In Precarious: The Lives of Migrant Workers, Marcello Di Cintio offers a deeply researched and powerfully narrated account of the structural vulnerabilities faced by migrant workers in Canada. Through a combination of investigative journalism, historical analysis, and intimate biographical portraits, Di Cintio challenges dominant narratives of Canadian benevolence and exposes the systemic conditions that render thousands of workers “permanently temporary.” At a time when labor shortages and food insecurity dominate public debate, this book provides a timely and necessary examination of the human cost underlying Canada’s economy. . . .
Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) are a major concern in the Himalaya and on the Tibetan Plateau (TP), where several disasters occurring over the past century have caused significant loss of life and damage to infrastructure. This study responds directly to the needs of local authorities to provide guidance on the most dangerous glacial lakes across TP where local monitoring and other risk reduction strategies can subsequently be targeted. Specifically, the study aims to establish a first comprehensive prioritisation ranking of lake danger for TP, considering both the likelihood and possible magnitude of any outburst event (hazard), and the exposure of downstream communities. A composite inventory of 1,291 glacial lakes (>0.1 km2) was derived from recent remote sensing studies, and a fully automated and object assessment scheme was implemented using customised GIS tools. Based on four core determinates of GLOF hazard (lake size, watershed area, topographic potential for ice/rock avalanching, and dam steepness), the scheme accurately distinguishes the high to very high hazard level of 19 out of 20 lakes that have previously generated GLOFs. Notably, 16% of all glacial lakes threaten human settlements, with a hotspot of GLOF danger identified in the central Himalayan counties of Jilong, Nyalam, and Dingri, where the potential trans-boundary threat to communities located downstream in Nepal is also recognised. The results provide an important and object scientific basis for decision-making, and the methodological approach is ideally suited for replication across other mountainous regions where such first-order studies are lacking.
First paragraph:
In Dodge County, Incorporated, Sonja Trom Eayrs offers a compelling and deeply personal account of her rural Minnesota community’s transformation under the weight of industrial agriculture. Her narrative arrives at a critical moment in national discourse, as concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) and the corporatization of agriculture increasingly draw scrutiny. As both an attorney and environmental advocate, Eayrs documents the environmental degradation, public health crises, and erosion of democratic processes that have accompanied the rise of corporate agriculture in Dodge County. Her work is especially relevant to readers of this journal, as it weaves together themes of agricultural practice, food systems, and community development. . . .
Abstract The development and high population in urban areas contribute to environmental pollution. Countermeasures have been separately implemented for each type of pollution. However, public comfort in urban areas is influenced by multiple factors. Therefore, we focused on two distinct factors that influence public comfort: thermal comfort and noise. We attempted to understand their combined effect on overall comfort and to formulate the effect using subjective measurements in real streets. Experiments were conducted in three seasons with six different noise levels in Toyohashi-Japan with ten male subjects for each season. Climatic thermal factors, such as air temperature, human factors, such as activity level, and physiological conditions such as body temperature, were considered. To evaluate the acoustic conditions, we measured the sound level for each frequency-band. Moreover, a questionnaire survey was conducted to assess thermal, acoustic, and overall perceptions. Thermal sensation and the acoustic sensation of loudness were quantified using human thermal load (HTL) and equivalent noise level (LAeq) respectively. Additionally, thermal and acoustic sensations are effective indicators of thermal and acoustic comfort, respectively. Consequently, thermal and acoustic comfort can be determined using the objective HTL and LAeq, respectively. Finally, overall comfort was obtained in terms of thermal and acoustic comfort. The overall effect of thermal–acoustic comfort on subjective comfort remains unclear; however, overall discomfort appears to be more sensitive to thermal discomfort than to acoustic discomfort in this study. The proposed methodology can be used for comprehensively evaluating environmental comfort in different scenarios, with potential applications in urban planning.
Cities. Urban geography, Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology
Putu Gyzca Pradypta, Endang Prawesthi, Didik Marsigid
et al.
Background of the problem: Adolescents with thalassemia often experience dental health problems due to disease complications and treatment. Prevention can be achieved by improving nutritional status and public education about thalassemia. The program activities that can be a solution to these problems are through education. Objectives: This service aims to improve dental health, understanding of the use of dentures, and nutritional status among adolescents with Beta Thalassemia Major in DKI Jakarta. Methods: The methods used in this activity include socialization and counseling on dental health and thalassemia disease, which were attended by 40 adolescents from the Indonesian Thalassemia Foundation in DKI Jakarta. The stages of the activity include the distribution of activity information, the completion of a pre-test questionnaire, presentation of the material, examination, and evaluation session. Results: The post-test results of the community service activity revealed that 57.5% of participants fell into the high knowledge category, 37.5% into the moderate category, and 5.0% into the low category. Conclusion: This indicates that after this activity, there was an increase in understanding regarding efforts to improve nutritional health, the use of dentures, and the nutritional status of adolescents with beta thalassemia. Recommendations or follow-up: The intervention in the form of socialization and counseling has successfully increased the knowledge of nutritional health, dentures, and the nutritional status of adolescents with beta-thalassemia.
A. Cahyaningsih, A. K. Deanova, C. M. Pristiawati
et al.
Abstract. Cahyaningsih AP, Deanova AK, Pristiawati CM, Ulumuddin YI, Kusumawati L, Setyawan AD. 2022. Review: Causes and impacts of anthropogenic activities on mangrove deforestation and degradation in Indonesia. Intl J Bonorowo Wetlands 12: 12-22. Indonesia is a country with the largest extent of mangroves in the world. However, as the human population increases, the extent and quality of the mangroves decrease. The increasing population is in line with the increase in human activities, leading to deforestation and degradation of the mangrove forests. This paper aimed to review anthropogenic activities that cause mangrove deforestation and degradation in Indonesia and the impacts of such anthropogenic activities on the mangrove ecosystems and formulate the efforts to overcome mangrove deforestation and degradation in the country. Various human activities are the primary drivers of deforestation and degradation of mangroves, including land conversion from mangrove forests into other land uses (e.g., agricultural lands, ponds, infrastructure developments, and human settlements), extractive activities (e.g., mining and logging), and household and industrial activities (e.g., plastic debris, heavy metals pollutants). These anthropogenic factors reduce mangrove forest area, changes in mangrove composition, uneven species abundance, and pollution. Combined with sea-level rise caused by global climate changes, such activities pose devastating threats to Indonesian mangroves. Efforts to overcome these problems include increasing awareness of communities regarding mangrove conservation, conducting mangrove restoration programs, and promoting sustainable management of mangrove, for example, through ecotourism. On top of that, community participation plays an essential role in Indonesia's sustainable management and conservation of mangrove forests.
Abstract The decline in mammalian species diversity is increasing worldwide, with areas characterized by high human activities experiencing more prominent effects. Knowledge of spatial distributions of species and factors acting on them is necessary for effective management. We evaluated community‐level occupancy of mammal species in Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve (DHR), Nepal using remote cameras during 15 March–15 June 2022. We used mammal species detections from remote cameras and multispecies hierarchical occupancy modeling to assess the effects of environmental and anthropogenic variables on community‐level occupancy of detected mammal species. We identified a highly heterogeneous mammal species community at DHR with greatest detection probability (0.21) for red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and lowest (0.08) for blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur). Naïve occupancy ranged from 0.31 for giant‐flying squirrel (Petaurista magnificus) to 0.84 for red fox. Mammal community occupancy increased with increasing canopy cover and number of livestock detections, but overall occupancy declined close to human settlements. The findings of this study can be used for developing policy at DHR for the management of mammal species through reducing the potential increase of human settlements or livestock grazing.
<p>This paper presents the results of the archaeobotanical investigation carried out on charred macroremains from several archaeological sites located in Transylvania area which provided valuable insights into the plant economy of Dacian settlements. According with our results, field crop production was based on cereals, legumes and fruits. <br />The evidence shows that vegetal diet had a significant role in the nutrition of Dacian communities, which in turn were much influenced by the availability and abundance of plant resources but also of the climate conditions. We rely our hypothesis on archaeobotanical data recovered from seven Dacian settlement: Piatra Craivii, Căpȃlna, Cetea (Alba County) Augustin-Tipia Ormenișului (Brașov County) Șimleul Silvaniei - Cetate and Observator (Sălaj County) and most important on results gathered in several campaigns from Sarmizegetusa Regia (Hunedoara County). The evolution of human communities has been heavily influenced by the potential sources for life sustenance accessible in the area where they live.</p>
Die Logistikbranche ist in letzter Zeit ins Zentrum vieler politischer sowie wissenschaftlicher Diskussionen gerückt. Diese wirtschaftlichen Aktivitäten, die den Verkehr von Gütern von ihrem Produktionsort zu ihrem Verkaufsort effizient und zu den niedrigstmöglichen Kosten organisieren, werden von Arbeitgeber- und Arbeitnehmer-Interessenverbänden einerseits als eine technologieintensive und zukunftsfähige Branche beschrieben, andererseits als exemplarisch für die dramatische Prekarisierung der europäischen Arbeitswelten. Der folgende Magazinbeitrag stellt einen Fotospaziergang mit einem deutschen Leiharbeiter vor, der in der Logistikhalle eines deutschen Herstellers von Energieerzeugungsgeräten tätig war. Er analysiert, wie durch eine Videomontage dieser auf dem Spaziergang entstandenen Fotos mit eingeblendeten Interviewaussagen die Zuschauer_innen dazu aufgefordert werden, die Bilder mit einem „zivilen Blick“ zu betrachten.
Cities. Urban geography, Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology
Rural livelihoods will continue to face the consequences of climatic change in the short and long term, and the outlook is likely going to deteriorate further with the increasing frequency and intensity of weather extremes. This paper aims to investigate the common traits and heterogeneity of climate change impacts on rural livelihoods across the globe. This study focused on systematically reviewing 86 publications using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The review of these articles resulted in the identification of 4 main themes and 11 sub-themes. The results indicate that the substantial body of literature on climate change and rural livelihoods emphasizes the vulnerability of natural-resources based livelihoods to climate-related impacts. Our analysis found that worldwide, the indicators of climate change and variability vary in terms of how climate change affects rural livelihoods and accordingly how rural communities cope with or adapt to climate change also differ. Based on the analysis, the study concludes that these differences are attributed to exposure to various climate change conditions and non-climatic factors, namely social, economic, cultural, and political factors. To employ effective and sustainable rural livelihoods in the face of climate-induced events, it is crucial for internal and external institutions to recognize such heterogeneity, making the formulation of adaptation plans and policies context-specific.
Cities. Urban geography, Urbanization. City and country
Customary law communities are one of the legal subjects of the state that are recognized in statutory regulations. Customary law communities have a multidimensional relationship with customary rights, not just an economic resource, but an integral part of the overall life of the customary law community. This research aims to study and analyze the settlement of disputes by indigenous peoples over land exploitation which is customary rights in the Forest Zone. The research method used in this research is normative juridical research, namely the method of doctrinal law research by examining and examining the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations as a basis for later analyzing the problems being studied. Based on the results of the research that the importance of the role of land in human life, land becomes an object that is prone to disputes or disputes between humans, this happens because human needs for land are increasing, land can cause disturbances and involve the community at large, so it is demanded to handle it appropriately. The parties involved and authorized to deal with the issue of customary rights in the forest area of indigenous peoples, resolve it in various ways. The method of dispute resolution that has been taken so far is through court (litigation). Over time, dispute resolution through deliberation is increasingly being carried out. Land disputes, which are more related to issues of interest or interest of the parties, are relatively easier to resolve through deliberation as long as both parties are open to each other and want the best solution for all parties .
Shiekh Marifatul Haq, Umer Yaqoob, E. Calixto
et al.
The Himalayan Mountains are geodynamical important, featuring a wide climatic range with a rich diversity of flora, fauna, human communities, culture, and social set-up. In recent decades, due to constant anthropogenic pressure and considerable changes witnessed in the climate of the region, species of this region are threatened. Here, we assessed the impact of nomadic settlement and associated disturbances on plant species composition, diversity parameters, ecosystem properties, and fire incidence in high-altitude forests of Western Himalaya, India. Based on the distance between nomadic settlement location and forest, we classified forest as near nomadic settlement (NNS) or away nomadic settlement (ANS) forest types. We found a significant variation in plant species composition between forest types. Three species, namely, Sibbaldia cuneata, Poa annua, and Abies pindrow, contribute 25% of the cumulative variation in plant species composition. Studying live plants, we found a significant difference only for density, in which ANS had a higher average density than NNS. Considering dead plants, we found a significant difference in all nine plant-related parameters evaluated between sites. NNS had a higher value of all parameters evaluated, except for height, which was higher in ANS sites. ANS forest type show 1.3 times more average carbon stock (160.39 ± 59.03 MgCha−1; mean ± SD) than NNS forest type (120.40 ± 51.74 MgCha−1). We found a significant difference in plant diversity evaluated between forest types. ANS had higher values of Margalef and Fisher diversity but lower values of evenness. We found that NSS had significantly higher values of fire incidences, whereas ANS has a higher normalized differential vegetation index and enhanced vegetation index. Overall, our study showed that species composition, diversity, and fire incidence are strongly impacted due to nomadic settlements. These findings are paramount for designing appropriate livelihood options for indigenous communities and management policies of the long-term forest harvest to achieve global goals and the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration targets (2021–2030) to protect the sustainable development of forest mountainous regions.
Communities in southwest Madagascar have co‐evolved with a hypervariable environment and climate. The paleoclimate record reflects major fluctuations in climatic conditions over the course of Holocene human settlement. Archeological evidence indicates short‐term occupations of sites, suggesting that frequent residential mobility and flexible subsistence strategies have been central features of life on the southwest coast for millennia. Today, despite rapid changes linked to globalization and increasing market integration, mobility and subsistence flexibility remain key to the lives of communities of the region.
Sidoarjo Regency, especially Porong District, is an area affected by the Lapindo disaster. The disaster resulted in the closure of several industries and many workers who lost their jobs, agricultural land designation, migration of population from Siring Village to Lajuk. The solution offered to overcome this disaster is by farming using aquaponics techniques. Aquaponics is a farming technique that combines plants and fish. This technique is generally used in urban areas or narrow land. To increase people's interest in farming is by utilizing technology that is used daily. By making a monitoring tool on aquaponics and using an Android phone as a monitoring display to monitor the flow of pool water in aquaponics. This monitoring is needed because the water pump that is used to drain the water flow will become clogged with leaves from the plants above it. The results of monitoring proved to be useful and made it easier for aquaponics owners to monitor whether the pool water flow was blocked or the water flow stopped.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/abdimas.v6i1.5077