Hasil untuk "Gas industry"

ZHANG CHAO, ZHU PENGYU, HUANG TIANJING et al.

Most oilfields currently using CO₂ flooding in China have transitioned from water flooding to CO₂ injection for development. Over prolonged periods, CO₂-water-rock reactions can alter reservoir physical properties, becoming a key issue that must be addressed. To address limitations in existing studies—such as short reaction durations and unclear effects of environmental variables—this research used a high-temperature, high-pressure reactor to simulate reservoir conditions. Advanced equipment, including high-performance field-emission scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction, was utilized to study the effects and mechanisms of CO₂-water-rock reactions on reservoir physical properties and mineral compositions under different environmental variables. The experimental results indicated that feldspar dissolution and clay mineral formation were the primary factors affecting reservoir physical properties after CO₂-water-rock reactions. With increasing temperature, the water-rock reaction intensified, accelerating the dissolution of potassium feldspar, calcium feldspar, and sodium feldspar while increasing the proportion of kaolinite, thereby improving reservoir physical properties. When pressure increased, the dissolution of large amounts of CO₂ lowered the solution pH and inhibited the transformation of minerals such as potassium feldspar and sodium feldspar into clay minerals like kaolinite, causing deterioration in overall reservoir physical properties. As the reaction time increased, the dissolution of feldspar and carbonate minerals intensified, leading to increased mass concentrations of major ions such as Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, an improvement in reservoir physical properties, and the precipitation of gypsum. Within the experimental range, the degree of mineral dissolution caused by CO₂-water-rock reactions exhibited a positive correlation with temperature and time but a negative correlation with injection pressure. Finally, the experimental results were calculated using the Kozeny-Carman equation, indicating that within the experimental range, reservoir porosity and permeability are positively correlated with temperature and time, and negatively correlated with CO₂ injection pressure. By studying the impact of CO₂-water-rock reactions on reservoirs under different environmental variables, this study offers insights for the application of CO₂ flooding to enhance oil recovery (EOR) in shale oil reservoirs.

Zhihui MA, Zhiyong MA, Rongkun PAN et al.

The stress environment of deep coal-rock mass is complex, to further reveal the mechanism of rock burst induced by dynamic load. Based on the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar test system, the dynamic tests under different stress states (non-axial and confining loads, one-dimensional coupled static-dynamic loads, three-dimensional coupled static-dynamic loads) and strain rates (49.3～137.9 s−1) were carried by using the rock-coal-rock structure samples. The characteristics of strength, deformation, failure and energy evolution of rock-coal-rock structure samples were studied. The results show that there were two types of stress rebound and strain softening after the peak of the stress-strain curve of the composite specimen under non-axial and confining loads and under one-dimensional coupled static-dynamic loads, and there was stress rebound phenomena under three-dimensional coupled static-dynamic loads. Under three stress states, the peak strength of the samples increases roughly with the increase of strain rate, showing an obvious rate correlation. Under three stress states, the proportion of reflected energy to incident energy was the highest, and the proportion of transmitted energy to incident energy was the lowest. The proportion of reflection energy to incident energy under three-dimensional coupled static-dynamic loads was lower than the other two stress states. When the strain rate is lower than 123 s−1, the energy utilization rate and dissipated energy increase gradually with the increase of the strain rate, and the dissipated energy density increases with the increase of the incident energy. The failure modes of the samples show an obvious rate correlation, and the size of coal and sandstone fragments decreased gradually with the increase of strain rate. Under non- axial or confining loads and one-dimensional coupled static-dynamic loads, the samples firstly failed at the coal-rock interface. Many small size fragments of coal and sandstone are secondary cracks caused by the effect of loads. The fracture of coal and rock mass is not obvious under three-dimensional coupled static-dynamic loads.

Zhan Qi

Climate change is evolving into a very concern that has to be taken into account, and the energy sector is observed to be to blame for the excessive emissions of greenhouse gas (GHG), mainly carbon dioxide, among all kinds of human activities. While great efforts are made to cover the gap between carbon emission and absorption through energy consumption, limited attention has been drawn to the supply-side. Therefore, the study aims at exploring supply-side solutions to emission reduction in the energy sector by drawing a blueprint for low-carbon energy supply and providing suggestions for solutions based on the logic behind each strategy. The article divides the supply-side solutions into industrial solutions and auxiliary solutions in accordance with their connection with the energy industry. Further, it discusses sub-types of solutions along economic and technological feasibilities of renewable energy technologies (RETs). The research concludes that the low-carbon transition of energy supply is in urgent need for systematic supply-side solutions. Admittedly, the alignment with the climate goal of carbon reduction is the key component of supply-side solutions; nevertheless, the solutions should go beyond and give consideration to promoting the transition as a whole.

Soulaimane Idiri, Mohammed Said Boukhryss, Abdellah Azmani et al.

This paper details the development of an embedded system for vehicle data acquisition using the On-Board Diagnostics version 2 (OBD2) protocol, with the objective of predicting power loss caused by exhaust gas backpressure (EBP). The system decodes and preprocesses vehicle data for subsequent analysis using predictive artificial intelligence algorithms. MATLAB’s 2023b Powertrain Blockset, along with the pre-built “Compression Ignition Dynamometer Reference Application (CIDynoRefApp)” model, was used to simulate engine behavior and its subsystems. This model facilitated the control of various engine subsystems and enabled simulation of dynamic environmental factors, including wind. Manipulation of the exhaust backpressure orifice revealed a consistent correlation between backpressure and power loss, consistent with theoretical expectations and prior research. For predictive analysis, two deep learning models—Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)—were applied to the generated sensor data. The models were evaluated based on their ability to predict engine states, focusing on prediction accuracy and performance. The results showed that GRU achieved lower Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Squared Error (MSE), making GRU the more effective model for power loss prediction in automotive applications. These findings highlight the potential of using synthetic data and deep learning techniques to improve predictive maintenance in the automotive industry.

Xuemei Wang, Tianlai Hou, Wenxue Gao et al.

TANG Jiandong, WANG Zhilin, GE Zhengjun

CCUS（Carbon capture, Utilization and Storage） technology is of great significance to the green and low-carbon transformation and the realization of the “dual carbon” goal, It includes important strategies like CO2 enhanced oil recovery（EOR） and sequestration. Jiangsu Oilfield has been focusing on CO2 EOR to improve recovery rates in the challenging fault block reservoirs of the Subei Basin. The company has developed four unique CO2 EOR models suitable for these complex reservoirs, featuring techniques like gravity-stable displacement. A notable achievement is the successful pilot of the methods such as “simulated horizontal well” GAGD technology in Hua-26 fault block, which led to the one hundred thousand CCUS project tailored for such reservoirs. According to statistics, Jiangsu Oilfield has injected a total of 30.34×104 t of liquid CO2, with a cumulative oil increase of 9.83×104 t, realizing a better production increase and economic benefits. These technical researches and tests can provide valuable insights for applying CO2 EOR in similar complex reservoirs.

ZHAO Zhongxin, LI Hongda, YAN Yican, REN Lu

The Nanpu Sag in the Huanghua Depression of the Bohai Bay Basin is rich in geothermal resources, with multiple geothermal fields identified, including Gaoshangpu-Liuzan, Nanpu, and Matouying. The thermal reservoirs, primarily composed of fluvial sandstone from the Guantao Formation, exhibit advantages such as high temperatures（70-90 ℃）, significant water amounts (100 m3/h), large-scale reservoirs, and thick caprocks. However, their development faces several challenges, including optimal target area selection, sustainability evaluation, efficient drilling and production processes, reinjection into sandstone reservoirs, long-distance centralized thermal water transportation, and intelligent monitoring. To address these challenges, practical exploration in the Gaoshangpu-Liuzan geothermal field has led to the development of five core technologies: 1） optimization and detailed resource evaluation technology for exploration areas; 2） well placement and thermal field simulation technology; 3） geothermal well drilling, completion, and pressure-free reinjection for sandstone thermal reservoirs; 4） multi-well collection and long-distance thermal water transportation technology; 5） intelligent management and control technology for geothermal development. These advancements provide technical support for geothermal heating projects in the Gaoshangpu-Liuzan geothermal field and the geothermal development efforts of Jidong Oilfield.

Valentin Florentin Dumitru, Ionela Corina Chersan, Cătălina Gorgan

First used in 2019 by the European Union, the double materiality concept raises questions for companies and academics. The purpose of our study is to show the extent of double materiality disclosure in the sustainability report of TotalEnergies, one of the top European companies included in the Integrated Oil and Gas industry. We used a qualitative methodology, content analysis. We find that most of the aspects related with materiality are vaguely presented. This is one of the first studies dedicated to the reflexion of the double materiality in the reports. Double materiality has the potential to help companies integrate sustainability into their internal processes. Our research has implications for standard-setters. We argue that there is a need for clear standards that will help companies contribute to the achievement of global sustainability-related goals.

Firmansyah Vicky, Adinarayana Made Krisna, Tetrisyanda Rizky et al.

In 2011, Indonesia set a 26% reduction goal for greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 to mitigate the climate change. Based on data from BPS, Indonesia's renewable energy mix in 2021 is 12.16% with a target of 23% in 2025. This indicates that there are challenges faced by Indonesia in many sectors, especially the upstream oil and gas industry as one of the largest emitters of greenhouse gases, in achieving the energy transition target. In this study, trend analysis and data forecasting were carried out using trend analysis of time series data on oil and gas energy supply and consumption data as baseline to propose scenarios for both consumption and utilization energy to achieve net zero emission (NZE) in 2060. This study found that NZE may be achieved by applying energy consumption scenarios including the use of electric vehicles by 10% in 2030, and 90% in 2060 and the use of electric stoves by 25% in 2030, and 90% in 2060. Renewable energy utilization scenarios include geothermal (50%), hydro (50%), mini hydro (50%), solar (80%), and wind (15%) of the existing potential. In addition, early retirement for coal-fired power plants is needed.

Yonghui Han, Shuting Tan, Chaowei Zhu et al.

Purpose – Carbon trading mechanism has been adopted to foster the green transformation of the economy on a global scale, but its effectiveness for the power industry remains controversial. Given that energy-related greenhouse gas emissions account for most of all anthropogenic emissions, this paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of this trading mechanism at the plant level to support relevant decision-making and mechanism design. Design/methodology/approach – This paper constructs a novel spatiotemporal data set by matching satellite-based high-resolution (1 × 1 km) CO2 and PM2.5 emission data with accurate geolocation of power plants. It then applies a difference-in-differences model to analyse the impact of carbon trading mechanism on emission reduction for the power industry in China from 2007 to 2016. Findings – Results suggest that the carbon trading mechanism induces 2.7% of CO2 emission reduction and 6.7% of PM2.5 emission reduction in power plants in pilot areas on average. However, the reduction effect is significant only in coal-fired power plants but not in gas-fired power plants. Besides, the reduction effect is significant for power plants operated with different technologies and is more pronounced for those with outdated production technology, indicating the strong potential for green development of backward power plants. The reduction effect is also more intense for power plants without affiliation relationships than those affiliated with particular manufacturers. Originality/value – This paper identifies the causal relationship between the carbon trading mechanism and emission reduction in the power industry by providing an innovative methodology for identifying plant-level emissions based on high-resolution satellite data, which has been practically absent in previous studies. It serves as a reference for stakeholders involved in detailed policy formulation and execution, including policymakers, power plant managers and green investors.

V. V. Korobkin, A. Ye. Chaklikov, Zh. S. Tulemissova

The article deals with the issues of tectonic zoning of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic-Cenozoic structures of Kazakhstan. The principles of tectonic zoning are outlined, on the basis of which the zoning and indexation of tectonic units of the territory of Kazakhstan was carried out. For this, various data of complex geological and geophysical analysis of Paleozoids were used, including tectonic, structural, stratigraphic, lithological-paleogeographic, petrographic, geodynamic and other studies. A geological and tectonic scheme (model) is proposed that reflects the main tectonic units that make up the structural framework of the Paleozoids of Kazakhstan, consisting of a crystalline basement on which the formation of sedimentary oil and gas basins took place. The main tectonic units of the earth's crust of the territory under consideration are identified and characterized, and the mosaic-block structure of the complexes is shown. The characteristic of the complex multi-stage evolution of the paleozoids of Kazakhstan and its oil and gas regions is given.

Kim Kh. Boranbayev, Anvar K. Boranbayev

The article is devoted to the features of the geological structure on the example of the analysis of the pre-Jurassic complex of the South Mangistau with recommendations for determining the further direction of prospecting and exploration.

Kaihong LI, Hua GE, Sen WU et al.

Currently, most routes of the oil and gas pipelines in mountainous areas are selected in a traditional manual manner, with the quality greatly depending on the experience and technical level of the route selection personnel. Thus, the result of route selection is often not scientific and reasonable enough. Therefore, a route selection method of oil and gas pipelines in mountainous areas based on geological information atlas was put forward. Specifically, the regional geological information atlas is established in terms of landform, geological risk, high consequence area and sensitive area, the cost grid map for route selection through the quantification of factor cost is built with consideration to the routing cost of pipeline, and thus the optimal route is obtained through the analysis with optimal route algorithm. In addition, this method was applied to a pipeline in the mountainous area in Southwest China. By comparing the calculated route and the existing route, it is found that the route analyzed by this method of pipelines in mountainous areas based on the geological information atlas could effectively avoid the complex terrain, poor geological environment, high consequence area and environment sensitive area, and the distance cost could be considered comprehensively, thus solving the problem of inadequate consideration to the comprehensive factors in manual route selection. In general, the route selected by this method could be used as a reference for the pipeline route designers.

Jessica Walther, Bastian Dietrich, Benedikt Grosch et al.

In the context of the ongoing climate change and increasingly strict climate goals of the European Green Deal, industry faces a growing challenge to decrease its high demand for electrical energy and its greenhouse gas emissions. Demand-Side Integration measures have a great potential to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of the industrial sector. However, there is still no definition and consistent characterising terms for Industrial Demand-Side Integration. The lack of clarity in concepts and definitions may impose hurdles in the transfer of results and methodologies from research activities and thus, in the implementation of measures in the industry. Furthermore, the economic value of implementing these measures is often unclear but of high relevance to industrial consumers. This paper proposes a comprehensive Industrial Demand-Side Integration definition and a methodology to classify and characterise its measures. The methodology is aimed at helping industrial consumers decide which measures can be implemented in their specific setting and how these measures can be monetised. The methodology is validated by applying it to eight relevant use cases in the ETA Research Factory.

Ahmad Jamekhorshid, Zahra Karimi Davani, Abdulrahman Salehi et al.

L. M. Davidenko

The oil and gas sector is among the leaders of the domestic industry in terms of the number of digital technologies being implemented. The complex technological chain of mining and processing industries is gradually moving into a system of intelligent management based on Digital Analytics. It is digital techniques of influencing the subject of management on an object, which gradually acquire algorithmized character, that become the head of scientific research and development of specialists in almost all sectors of the economy.The article gives characteristics of digital tools for organizing and managing oil and gas production, describes the experience of domestic and foreign corporations in the development and application of information and communication technologies by covering the processes of supply, processing raw materials and sales of finished products. By summarizing the advanced achievements in building effective economic ties, the paper describes digital technologies as elements of a structural-functional approach with an emphasis on the possibilities and limitations of integrating technologies from industry leaders. The study proposes the author’s vision of the systematization of approaches in the field of “E-management” of oil and gas companies and their stakeholders, determined on the basis of the criterion for the effective development of the ecosystem of enterprises of the fuel and energy complex. As prospects for technological development in the direction of “E-management”, the expansion of the use of tools of intra-industry and intersectoral collaboration of resources, technological solutions, fixed assets based on macro-technological challenges is noted. The author concludes that “E-management”, as an innovative format of the production management system, contributes to sustainable development and growth of competitiveness of new generation industrial enterprises.

Ali Sophian, Faris Nafiah, Teddy Surya Gunawan et al.

Corrosion under insulation CUI is one of the challenging problems in pipelines used in the gas and oil industry as it is hidden and difficult to detect but can cause catastrophic accidents. Pulsed eddy current (PEC) techniques have been identified to be an effective non-destructive testing (NDT) method for both detecting and quantifying CUI. The PEC signal’s decay properties are generally used in the detection and quantification of CUI. Unfortunately, the well-known inhomogeneity of the pipe material’s properties and the presence of both cladding and insulation lead to signal variation that reduces the effectiveness of the measurement. Current PEC techniques typically use signal averaging in order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), with the drawback of significantly-increasing inspection time. In this study, the use of Gaussian process regression (GPR) for predicting the thickness of mild carbon steel plates has been proposed and investigated with no signal averaging used. With mean absolute errors (MAE) of 0.21 mm, results show that the use of GPR provides more accurate predictions compared to the use of the decay coefficient, whose averaged MAE is 0.36 mm. This result suggests that the GPR-based method can potentially be used in PEC NDT applications that require fast scanning. ABSTRAK: Hakisan di bawah penebat CUI adalah salah satu masalah yang mencabar dalam saluran paip yang digunakan dalam industri gas dan minyak kerana tersembunyi dan sukar dikesan tetapi boleh menyebabkan bencana. Teknik Pulsed eddy current (PEC) telah dikenal pasti sebagai kaedah ujian bukan pemusnah yang berkesan (NDT) untuk mengesan dan mengukur CUI. Sifat kerosakan isyarat PEC umumnya digunakan dalam pengesanan dan pengukuran CUI. Malangnya, sifat tidak tepat yang terkenal dari sifat bahan paip dan kehadiran pelapisan dan penebat menyebabkan variasi isyarat yang mengurangkan keberkesanan pengukuran. Teknik PEC semasa biasanya menggunakan rata-rata isyarat untuk meningkatkan nisbah isyarat-ke-kebisingan (SNR), dengan kelemahan peningkatan masa pemeriksaan dengan ketara. Dalam kajian ini, penggunaan regresi proses Gauss (GPR) untuk meramalkan ketebalan plat keluli karbon ringan telah diusulkan dan diselidiki dan tidak ada rata-rata isyarat yang digunakan. Dengan ralat mutlak (MAE) 0,21 mm, hasil menunjukkan bahawa penggunaan GPR memberikan ramalan yang lebih tepat dibandingkan dengan penggunaan pekali peluruhan, yang rata-rata MAE adalah 0,36 mm. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahawa kaedah berasaskan GPR berpotensi digunakan dalam aplikasi PEC NDT yang memerlukan pengimbasan pantas.

Bruno P. Morais, Valdo Martins, Gilberto Martins et al.

Hydrocarbon-containing wastes and wastewaters are produced worldwide by the activities of the oil and gas industry. Anaerobic digestion has the potential to treat these waste streams, while recovering part of its energy potential as biogas. However, hydrocarbons are toxic compounds that may inhibit the microbial processes, and particularly the methanogens. In this work, the toxicity of hexadecane (0–30 mM) towards pure cultures of hydrogenotrophic methanogens (<i>Methanobacterium formicicum</i> and <i>Methanospirillum hungatei</i>) was assessed. Significantly lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) methane production rates were only verified in the incubations with more than 15 mM hexadecane and represented up to 52% and 27% inhibition for <i>M. formicicum</i> and <i>M. hungatei</i>, respectively. The results obtained point out that 50% inhibition of the methanogenic activity would likely occur at hexadecane concentrations between 5–15 mM and >30 mM for <i>M. formicicum</i> and <i>M. hungatei</i>, respectively, suggesting that toxic effects from aliphatic hydrocarbons towards hydrogenotrophic methanogens may not occur during anaerobic treatment. Hydrocarbon toxicity towards hydrogenotrophic methanogens was further assessed by incubating an anaerobic sludge with H₂/CO₂ in the presence of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons (provided by the addition of an oily sludge from a groundwater treatment system). Specific methanogenic activity from H₂/CO₂ decreased 1.2 times in the presence of the hydrocarbons, but a relatively high methane production (~30 mM) was still obtained in the assays containing the inoculum and the oily sludge (without H₂/CO₂), reinforcing the potential of anaerobic treatment systems for methane production from oily waste/wastewater.

Weiping Ouyang, Hedong Sun, Hongxu Han

Hong Yue, Honggang Chang, Yu Fan et al.