Hasil untuk "Decorative arts"

Anita Kirchhof

The so-called Dirke Mosaic Building, named after the central mythological scene of the mosaic that decorates one of its rooms, is located in the residential area of the city magistrates in the northeastern part of the Civilian Town at Aquincum. The depiction of the punishment of Dirke, known throughout the Roman Empire, was a popular theme in both small-scale, large-scale, and monumental art. The central mythological scene of the mosaic is inseparable from its context. The study overviews the composition and function of the depictions of the figural emblema and the pictorial band framing it considering literary sources and similar decorative elements appearing in works of other arts (architecture, painting, and stone carving), while also providing new information on the function and dating of the room. 

Yusfan Adeputera Yusran, Ayu Nur Izzati Hilmy, Susilo Kusdiwanggo

Indonesia's cultural diversity provides a unique backdrop for understanding the dynamics of cultural assimilation, especially on Gili Iyang Island in Sumenep, Madura, where migration has shaped social and architectural aspects. This study explores the influence of cultural adaptation on architecture among the Bugis-Makassar, Buton-Binongko, and Sumenep-Madura communities on Gili Iyang Island. Utilizing a case study method, this research focuses on how these maritime-oriented communities adjust and modify architectural aspects in response to cultural interactions. The findings indicate that the assimilation affecting the architecture of Gili Iyang Island includes: (1) spatial organization and division from east to west and north to south, reflecting a balance between gender aspects and spiritual symbolism; (2) color concepts based on natural elements such as brown (earth), green (sea), blue (sky), and red-orange (fire); (3) ornaments inspired by the surrounding environment including plants, animals, and repetitive geometric patterns; (4) courtyards serving as the focal points for orientation and transition between buildings; (5) buildings that are closely spaced

Xu Xu, Chao Zheng

In this paper, we study a natural discretization of the smooth Gaussian curvature on surfaces. A discrete uniformization theorem is established for this discrete Gaussian curvature. We further investigate the prescribing combinatorial curvature problem for a parametrization of this discrete Gaussian curvature, which is called the combinatorial $α$-curvature. To find decorated piecewise hyperbolic metrics with prescribed combinatorial $α$-curvatures, we introduce the combinatorial $α$-Ricci flow for decorated piecewise hyperbolic metrics. To handle the potential singularities along the combinatorial $α$-Ricci flow, we do surgery along the flow by edge flipping under the weighted Delaunay condition. Then we prove the longtime existence and convergence of the combinatorial $α$-Ricci flow with surgery. As an application of the combinatorial $α$-Ricci flow with surgery, we give the existence of decorated piecewise hyperbolic metrics with prescribed combinatorial $α$-curvatures. We further introduce the combinatorial $α$-Calabi flow with surgery and study its longtime behavior.

Asaad Ati Halil Saad Al-Moussawi

Textiles are among the consumer products that people cannot do without, because of their utilitarian value, in addition to their aesthetic value, which expresses all aspects of society, as they are affected, like other arts, by their data Intellectual design to derive its design units from reality, and its ability to derive new design ideas resulting from the designer’s own sensitivity to the references from which design thought is derived. The research problem was determined according to the following question: What are the data of religious (Islamic) thought and its implications on the designs of modern curtain fabrics? The importance of the research was evident in shedding light on the data of religious thought and its reflections in the designs of modern curtain fabrics through the following goal: defining the data of religious (Islamic) thought and its reflections in the designs of modern fabrics.The second chapter included the theoretical framework, which consisted of two sections. The first section dealt with the concept of thought and its data, and the data of religious thought. As for the second, it included the reflection of the symbol and the significance of shapes in textile designs, and the reflection of style in modern textile designs. After that, the most important indicators that resulted from the theoretical framework were extracted, as the research procedures were determined within the third chapter by adopting the descriptive method of analysis for the purpose of analyzing the sample models from the original research population, which amounted to (16) design models (Iraqi / Turkish), which were chosen intentionally by ( 25%), as their number reached (4) design shapes distributed according to the country of origin. As for the fourth chapter, it included the results and conclusions reached by the study, the most prominent of which was: that using reality data directly in building design thought reduced the intellectual reflection of the data of Islamic art, and this was linked to the compositional organization of decorative forms and their artistic treatments.The same chapter also included recommendations, including: paying attention to studying Islamic art in the field of precise specialization (textile design) and linking Islamic thought with modern scientific theories to revive the Islamic heritage and achieve authenticity. In light of the recommendations, the research suggested conducting a comparative study between the methods of the school (Safavid and Turkish) and their implications for designs. Iraqi fabrics, as well as Arab and foreign sources

Sabina de Cavi

This essay presents a first analysis of an unpublished text by the art historian Robert Chester Smith (1912-1975), a key figure who, with George Kubler (1912-1996), shaped the study of Portuguese Baroque, Brazilian and colonial architecture in Latin America in the second half of the twentieth century. The text in question, European Furniture (Lisbon, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Biblioteca de Arte, ERCS 3, 72 doc), which is in the process of being edited and is partially described and discussed in this essay, allows us to appreciate Smith as a connoisseur of European furniture and decorative arts. In this essay I also suggest that Smith worked as a consultant for several American institutions and museums that played a significant role in the formation of Iberian art collections in the United States during the 20th century.

Diederik Aerts, Massimiliano Sassoli de Bianchi

We argue that the construction of spacetime is personal, specific to each observer, and requires combining aspects of both discovery and creation. What is usually referred to as the block universe then emerges by noting that part of the future is contained in the present, but without the limitations that the four-dimensional block universe usually implies, of a reality in which change would be impossible. In our operational approach, reality remains dynamic, with free choice playing a central role in its conceptualization. We therefore claim that Einstein's relativity revolution has not been fully realized, since most physicists do not seem to be open to the idea that objects move not only in space, but also and especially in time, and more generally in spacetime, with their rest mass being a measure of their kinetic time energy. When relativistic motion is revisited as a genuine four-dimensional motion, it becomes possible to reinterpret the parameter c associated with the coordinate speed of light, which becomes the magnitude of the four-velocity of all material entities. We also observe that the four-dimensional motion in Minkowski space can be better understood if placed in the broader perspective of quantum mechanics, if non-locality is interpreted as non-spatiality, thus indicating the existence of an underlying non-spatial reality, the nature of which could be conceptual, consistent with the conceptuality interpretation of quantum mechanics. This hypothesis is reinforced by noting that when observers, or experiencers, as they will be referred to in this article, are described by acknowledging their cognitive nature, of entities moving in a semantic space, Minkowski metric emerges in a natural way.

Diederik Aerts, Massimiliano Sassoli de Bianchi

Quantum mechanics has maintained over the years the reputation of being "the most obscure theory." It works perfectly well, but nobody seems to know why. It has been argued that the difficulty in understanding quantum theory is our failed attempt to force onto it a wrong conceptual scheme, wanting at all costs to think about the objects of the theory as, precisely, objects, i.e., entities having continuously actual spatiotemporal properties. This too restrictive spatiotemporal scheme is most probably at the heart of the problem, as also underlined by the Einsteinian revolution, but then what could be an alternative? Many thinkers have suggested that we must surrender to the fact that our physical world is one of immanent powers and potencies. Aristotle did so ante quantum litteram, followed by scholars like Heisenberg, Primas, Shimony, Piron, Kastner, Kauffman, de Ronde, just to name a few, including the authors, who were both students of Piron in Geneva. However, if on the one hand a potentiality ontology puts the accent on the processes of change, responsible for the incessant shifts between actual and potential properties, on the other hand it does not tell what these changes are all about. In other words, the metaphysical question remains of identifying the nature of the bearer of these potencies, or potentialities, and of the entities that can actualize them. It is the purpose of the present article to emphasize that the above question has found a possible answer in the recent Conceptuality Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, which we believe offers the missing ontology and metaphysics that can make the theory fully intelligible, and even intuitive.

Laksni Sedyowati, Sari Yuniarti, Sufiyanto

This study aims to highlight innovative and sustainable measures in adaptation to climate change and the Covid-19 pandemic through integration into flood control efforts based on empirical data in Glintung Kampong, an informal flood-prone settlement in Indonesia and to explore what local wisdom values influence the success of the measures undertaken. This study was designed to use a mixed method combining qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data consists of in-depth interviews, observations, and desk studies. Quantitative data is used for the generalization of some qualitative data across a wider field. The study results show that the existence of drainage channel facilities from the government can trigger creative ideas and innovative measures in the community. Community involvement with their “guyub rukun” and “gotong royong” values is the most influential factor in determining the success of the program, followed by community leaders, the ability to adapt to flood risk, and the ability to establish good interactions with external parties.

Shohreh Javadi

The belief and nature-oriented thinking that are evident in the art and architecture of Iran have been manifested more prominently in Iranian miniature painting than in any other artistic branch. The presence of nature and its elements can be observed in decorative and applied arts, in simple and geometric forms, and in romantic, mystical, heroic, and festive motifs and narratives. Various flowers and plants are always present in Iranian miniatures, depicting gardens, flower-filled courtyards, and orchards with water and various birds. The combination of a star-filled sky with the moon and the sun represents a blend of the real and imaginary world; a part of which is reflected in Byzantine mosaic art, with some of these works clearly showing the influence of Iranian miniatures. The coloring and use of natural symbols and signs in Iranian painting and Byzantine mosaics have their roots in naturalistic thinking and rituals, examples of which can be found in the museums and art centers of Europe and Asia, as well as in the Mehr and Anahita temples in Iran. The most prominent examples of Byzantine mosaics can be seen in the churches of San Vitale, Sant’Apollinare, and the holy sepulchers in Ravenna, Italy, the apse of the Church of San Clemente in Rome, and the Church of Hagia Sophia in Istanbul. The interplay and continuity of the Mithraic ritual in Christianity and Zoroastrianism have shaped the art and culture of both Zoroastrians and Christians in a way that combines new beliefs with ancient cultural and artistic traditions.

Turturică Ondina Oana

This article discusses the issue of curricular adaptation of subject content for students attending courses in Clothing Design and Visual and Decorative Arts in which the content of the national curriculum components is correlated with the student’s real possibilities to prioritize and compare their individual vocational performance and accumulated acquisitions during the development of design projects, following the individualized and differentiated curriculum in Clothing Design courses through algorithmic teaching strategies or heuristic strategies that require creativity in order to achieve global or sequential learning tasks.

Remko Fermin, Bob de Wit and, Jan Aarts

The magnetic field dependent critical current $I_{\text{c}}(B)$ of a Josephson junction is determined by the screening currents in its electrodes. In macroscopic junctions, a local vector potential drives the currents, however, in thin film planar junctions, with electrodes of finite size and various shapes, they are governed by non-local electrodynamics. This complicates the extraction of parameters such as the geometry of the effective junction area, the effective junction length and, the critical current density distribution from the $I_{\text{c}}(B)$ interference patterns. Here we provide a method to tackle this problem by simulating the phase differences that drive the shielding currents and use those to find $I_{\text{c}}(B)$. To this end, we extend the technique proposed by John Clem [Phys. Rev. B, \textbf{81}, 144515 (2010)] to find $I_{\text{c}}(B)$ for Josephson junctions separating a superconducting strip of length $L$ and width $W$ with rectangular, ellipsoid and rhomboid geometries. We find the periodicity of the interference pattern ($ΔB$) to have geometry independent limits for $L \gg W$ and $L \ll W$. By fabricating elliptically shaped S$-$N$-$S junctions with various aspect ratios, we experimentally verify the $L/W$ dependence of $ΔB$. Finally, we incorporate these results to correctly extract the distribution of critical currents in the junction by the Fourier analysis of $I_{\text{c}}(B)$, which makes these results essential for the correct analysis of topological channels in thin film planar Josephson junctions.

Gert Aarts, Chris Allton, Ryan Bignell et al.

We study what happens to D and D_s mesons as the temperature increases, using lattice QCD simulations with N_f=2+1 dynamical flavours on anistropic lattices. We have access to five temperatures in the hadronic phase. Using the determined groundstate mass at the lowest temperature, we investigate the effect of rising temperature by analysing ratios of mesonic correlators, without the need for further fitting or spectral reconstruction. In the pseudoscalar and vector channels, we demonstrate that temperature effects are at the percent level and can be captured by a reduction of the groundstate mass as the thermal crossover is approached. In the axial-vector and scalar channels on the other hand, temperature effects are prominent throughout the hadronic phase.

Tamara Marchii-Dmytrash, Galyna Boryn

The relevance of professional training of future educators of IPE (institution of preschool education) for usage ethnological-aesthetic means in work with children is substantiated in the article. The concept of "means" is concretized and a complex of ethnological-aesthetic means, effective for the forming in preschool age children's ideas about culture, life, traditions, customs, rites of the Ukrainian people and aesthetic taste (folk toys, crafts and handicrafts, state and folk symbols, everyday life, arts and crafts) is proposed. Importance of involving senior preschool age children in folk crafts and handicrafts, arts, making folk toys is actualized, which promotes patriotism, development of personal qualities such as kindness, compassion, courage. The role of aesthetics of everyday life, state and national symbols in awareness of the beauty of the surrounding reality by child is determined. The paper suggests theoretical and methodological aspects of professional training of students for decorative drawing and decorative application classes (drawing and application of Easter eggs on planar forms, Yavoriv toys, exercises in elements of Hutsul and Petrykivka painting), making a folk toys from various materials (threads, fabric, hay, straw), modeling visits to a virtual museum in work with senior preschool age children; the importance of such classes for mental, speech development, preparation for schooling of senior preschool age children is substantiated. The pedagogical conditions for the effectiveness of the usage of ethnological-aesthetic means in the practice of institutions of preschool education are proposed. The authors emphasize the importance of training future educators to create an appropriate educational environment, develop skills to select tools and methods for work with children that would promote their creative attitude to the aesthetic development of reality, reflecting it in their own creative activities.

مها زكريا عبد الرحمن, سارة حامد زيادة, منــي محـمد سمير الأشقــر

This research aims to shed light on new styles in architectural construction and present a new vision for architects in New Damietta City to develop the use of decorative elements in architecture. This research aims to analyze the decorative elements of New Damietta architecture, as they range from innovation and influence to distortion and deformation. Based on the above, the study aims to answer the following research question: Is it possible to uncover modern architectural styles through studying and analyzing the decorative styles of architecture in New Damietta City? The research sheds light on the various environmental conditions affecting architecture in New Damietta City and their impact on the creativity of architects in its interior and exterior design. The research relies on a historical, descriptive, and analytical approach. The research limits itself to a historical study of the geographical, political, cultural, economic, social, and aesthetic environments influencing architecture and various arts, in addition to an analytical study of the factors influencing the aesthetic appearance of New Damietta buildings and their impact. With art. One of the most important findings of the research is that architecture and art share several characteristics and features that govern the artistic process, whether in architecture or other forms. The research concluded that any work of art relies on several elements in its composition: material, subject matter, and expression, which we call the structural composition of the artwork (architectural). يهدف البحث إلى إلقاء الضوء على الطرز الجديدة في البناء المعماري وتقديم رؤية جديدة أمام مهندسي العمارة في مدينة دمياط الجديدة لتطوير استخدام الزخارف بالعمارة من خلال الوقوف على تحليل زخارف عمارة دمياط الجديدة في كونها بين الابتكار والتأثر أو التحريف والتشويه، ومما سبق هدفت الدراسة للإجابة عن السؤال البحثي التالي: هل من خلال دراسة وتحليل الأساليب الزخرفية للعمارة في مدينة دمياط الجديدة يمكن الكشف عن الأساليب المعمارية الحديثة؟، حيث يلقي البحث الضوء على الظروف البيئة المختلفة المؤثرة في مدينة دمياط الجديدة على العمارة ومردود ذلك على إبداعات المهندسين المعمارين في تصميمها الداخلي والخارجي، يعتمد البحث على المنهج التاريخي والوصفي التحليلي، تتمثل حدود البحث في دراسة تاريخية للبيئة الجغرافية والسياسية والثقافية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية والجمالية المؤثرة في العمارة و الفنون المختلفة، بالإضافة إلى دراسة تحليلية للعوامل المؤثرة على الشكل الجمالي لمباني دمياط الجديدة وتأثرها بالفن. ومن أهم نتائج البحث اشتراك العمارة والفن في عدة خصائص وسمات تخضع لها العملية الفنية سواء في الفن المعماري أوغيره واستنج البحث أن أي ععمل فني يعتمد في تكوينه علي عدة عناصر هي المادة والموضوع والتعبير، وهو مانطلق عليه التركيب البنائي للعمل الفني(المعماري).

G. Aarts, C. Allton, S. Hands et al.

We discuss some selected recent developments in the field of lattice QCD at nonzero temperature and density, describing in particular the transition from the hadronic gas to the quark-gluon plasma, as seen in simulations using Wilson fermions.

Xigou Zhang, Anqi Xu, Li Guo

By means of a new notion of subforests of an angularly decorated rooted forest, we give a combinatorial construction of a coproduct on the free Rota-Baxter algebra on angularly decorated rooted forests. We show that this coproduct equips the Rota-Baxter algebra with a bialgebra structure and further a Hopf algebra structure.

Marwa Ezzat

The new movements in the history of human thought are the expression of the reality of man and the expression of the contemporary style of an idea throughout the ages. The innate art has occupied a distinctive and significant place, far from education in art, and the connection of its artists and the artistic product they present to the environment in which they live and the local and popular culture to which the artist belongs, hence the research problem was determined in the extent of the possibility of extracting innovative formulations inspired by Innate art to achieve innovative and creative values ​​for the decorative designer? The research aims to enrich the designer's thought by extracting plastic formulas according to the constructive foundations of the innate art, and the importance of the research lies in linking nature with art and design by studying the plastic formulas of the innate art to create designs that enrich the field of design. The research assumes the extent of benefit from the plastic formulas of Qatari art and extracting plastic formulas from The nature of design, which broadens the designer's perceptions, and the research adopts the descriptive, analytical and experimental approach by following innovative plastic formulas inspired formulas inspired by the innate art in nature, and the research recommends studying the arts that linked nature and richness, thus opening the field of design to reach innovation.

Aurélien Locatelli

The publication of Flore ornementale (“Ornamental flora”), by the architect Victor Ruprich-Robert (1820-1887), issues a new system of plant representation dedicated to decorative arts and architecture. In this book, published between 1866 and 1876, images are definitely ambiguous, hesitating between an artistic or a scientific description of the vegetal model. This leads to a “synthesis, a kind of ornamental grammar”, which focuses on organized models while getting away from living model individuality. This process is initiated by a partnership made between Ruprich-Robert and Édouard André (1840-1911), a botanist who identified all plants reproduced in the book and made sure their look was accurate to nature. In these conversations between the botanist, who guarantees true vegetal anatomy, and the architect who is in research of an ornament-compatible flora, a dialogue is going on, illustrating the complexity of drawing living things at the end of the 19th century.

Matteo Compareti

In the light of recent investigations by archaeologists and historians of art, several textile decorative patterns that have been uncritically attributed to Sasanian Persia in the past should be considered most likely Central Asian creations. Typical Iranian composite creatures, such as the so-called simurgh, had become very popular in Eurasia since the 7th century A.D. However, for some reason not completely clear, the so-called simurgh was not adopted by Central Asian Buddhists who, on the contrary, accepted other Iranian (possibly Sogdian) motifs, such as the wild boar head, the winged horse and birds holding a necklace in their beak within pearl roundel frames. The presence of such Iranian decorative motifs in monumental arts or objects of luxury arts (textiles, metalwork, glass, etc.) could be a valid instrument to propose better chronologies for excavated artifacts on a very wide area, which includes Persia, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and the Tibetan Plateau as well.

O. Petrashko

The author of the article invites the reader to return to the origins of the emergence of the culture of society, to consider the educational value of folklore, understood in a broad sense, as a phenomenon of the artistic creativity of the people - verbal, decorative and applied, musical, dance. The article provides examples of the use of folklore works of oral folk art and decorative and applied arts in the educational and extracurricular activities of a younger student, allowing him to form respect for the traditions that underlie the national culture of the peoples of our country, to contribute to the spiritual and moral development of his personality.