Hasil untuk "Dancing"

M. Elgart

K. Frisch

A. Bennett

T. Turino

M. Greene

Emily S. Cross, A. Hamilton, Scott T. Grafton

D. Stern

P. Reddish, Ronald Fischer, Joseph A. Bulbulia

Previous research has shown that the matching of rhythmic behaviour between individuals (synchrony) increases cooperation. Such synchrony is most noticeable in music, dance and collective rituals. As well as the matching of behaviour, such collective performances typically involve shared intentionality: performers actively collaborate to produce joint actions. Over three experiments we examined the importance of shared intentionality in promoting cooperation from group synchrony. Experiment 1 compared a condition in which group synchrony was produced through shared intentionality to conditions in which synchrony or asynchrony were created as a by-product of hearing the same or different rhythmic beats. We found that synchrony combined with shared intentionality produced the greatest level of cooperation. To examinef the importance of synchrony when shared intentionality is present, Experiment 2 compared a condition in which participants deliberately worked together to produce synchrony with a condition in which participants deliberately worked together to produce asynchrony. We found that synchrony combined with shared intentionality produced the greatest level of cooperation. Experiment 3 manipulated both the presence of synchrony and shared intentionality and found significantly greater cooperation with synchrony and shared intentionality combined. Path analysis supported a reinforcement of cooperation model according to which perceiving synchrony when there is a shared goal to produce synchrony provides immediate feedback for successful cooperation so reinforcing the group’s cooperative tendencies. The reinforcement of cooperation model helps to explain the evolutionary conservation of traditional music and dance performances, and furthermore suggests that the collectivist values of such cultures may be an essential part of the mechanisms by which synchrony galvanises cooperative behaviours.

B. Kolb, R. Gibb

Olivier Long

In the spring of 2022, shortly after the great Covid crisis, German painter Daniel Richter exhibited ecstatic bodies at the Scuola Grande di San Fantin in Venice. Richter said that his work was a dialogue with the Mannerist paintings by Palma the Younger showcased in this very museum. Mannerist painting is closely linked to the sack of Rome and the great plague epidemic of that time. As a metaphor for today's disaster, the German painter drew his inspiration for his series of canvases from a postcard depicting German war-mutilated soldiers from the First world War. In this exchange of eras, a skilful blend of living bodies and prostheses transforms these simultaneously grotesque and heroic figures into exuberant, creative and ecstatic chimeras. Richter's mannerist turn in painting thus transfigures the disaster of the current geopolitics crisis into dancing chimera figures. When creation and destruction meet, it is necessary to ensure that their vital overabundance does not turn into self-destruction. It is up to these hybrid figures to question the eternal return of a catastrophe that unsettles the geographical, political, economic, historical, psychic, artistic, plastic and social boundaries of an era.

A. Sheppard, M. Broughton

ABSTRACT Purpose: This review aims to reveal how music and dance participation relates to key social determinants of health, and acts as population wellbeing and health promotion and preventive tools for people without pre-existing health issues in diverse social groups. Methods: A qualitative systematic literature review addresses the questions: 1) How might music and dance cultural practices relate to social determinants of health?; 2) What gaps exist in the current body of research examining how healthy individuals/populations maintain and promote good health and wellbeing through music and dance participation?; 3) What are the implications of the current body of literature for healthcare, policy and research? Results: Music and dance relate to key social determinants of health, from social and cultural, and physical and mental health perspectives. A number of gaps in the literature exist, including underrepresentation of middle aged participants, men, and Indigenous, LGBTQIAP+, and migrant populations. There is a lack of consistency in theoretical and methodological approaches, and a language for effective communication across arts and health audiences. Conclusions: A significant opportunity exists for cross-disciplinary collaboration to advance healthcare and arts policy, generate cost-effective approaches to preventive healthcare practice, and enhance the wellbeing and health of large and diverse populations.

M. Delabary, Isabel Giovannini Komeroski, E. P. Monteiro et al.

Daniel Tao, Yang Gao, Alistair Cole et al.

Background: The aim of this review was to examine the physiological and psychological benefits of dance and its effects on children and adolescents. We consider the therapeutic benefits of dance and outline the potential of dance as an alternative therapy for certain pathologies and medical disorders. Secondly, we summarize the types of dances used in physical interventions, and comment on the methodologies used. Finally, we consider the use of dance as a different exercise modality that may have benefits for increased physical activity generally, and for increased physical education provision in schools. Methods: A structured search strategy was conducted using the databases of PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of science, PsycARTICLES, and Social Science database. This review used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for systematic reviews. Studies that were published in the past 20 years were considered for inclusion. All written publications were searched for in English, and all articles included in this review were peer reviewed full papers. Conclusion: The key findings from this review indicate that dance is a feasible alternative to traditional physical activity. The findings also indicate that dance provides physiological and psychological benefits to healthy and medically compromised populations. Implementation of dance programs in schools and society generally needs serious consideration by policy makers. We hope that the results of this review stimulate debate and provide the necessary evidence to profile dance as a viable alternative medium of physical activity. Comprehensive and integrated changes will be needed including economical and legislative support from politicians and associated governmental agencies. The findings reported here are important and have implications for health policy change, reconfiguration, and implementation.

Jiaman Li, Yihang Yin, Hang Chu et al.

With the ongoing pandemic, virtual concerts and live events using digitized performances of musicians are getting traction on massive multiplayer online worlds. However, well choreographed dance movements are extremely complex to animate and would involve an expensive and tedious production process. In addition to the use of complex motion capture systems, it typically requires a collaborative effort between animators, dancers, and choreographers. We introduce a complete system for dance motion synthesis, which can generate complex and highly diverse dance sequences given an input music sequence. As motion capture data is limited for the range of dance motions and styles, we introduce a massive dance motion data set that is created from YouTube videos. We also present a novel two-stream motion transformer generative model, which can generate motion sequences with high flexibility. We also introduce new evaluation metrics for the quality of synthesized dance motions, and demonstrate that our system can outperform state-of-the-art methods. Our system provides high-quality animations suitable for large crowds for virtual concerts and can also be used as reference for professional animation pipelines. Most importantly, we show that vast online videos can be effective in training dance motion models.

Taoran Tang, Jia Jia, Hanyang Mao

Dance is greatly influenced by music. Studies on how to synthesize music-oriented dance choreography can promote research in many fields, such as dance teaching and human behavior research. Although considerable effort has been directed toward investigating the relationship between music and dance, the synthesis of appropriate dance choreography based on music remains an open problem. There are two main challenges: 1) how to choose appropriate dance figures, i.e., groups of steps that are named and specified in technical dance manuals, in accordance with music and 2) how to artistically enhance choreography in accordance with music. To solve these problems, in this paper, we propose a music-oriented dance choreography synthesis method using a long short-term memory (LSTM)-autoencoder model to extract a mapping between acoustic and motion features. Moreover, we improve our model with temporal indexes and a masking method to achieve better performance. Because of the lack of data available for model training, we constructed a music-dance dataset containing choreographies for four types of dance, totaling 907,200 frames of 3D dance motions and accompanying music, and extracted multidimensional features for model training. We employed this dataset to train and optimize the proposed models and conducted several qualitative and quantitative experiments to select the best-fitted model. Finally, our model proved to be effective and efficient in synthesizing valid choreographies that are also capable of musical expression.

Qingqing Chu

The advancement of information digitization has accelerated the digital transformation of the industry. Dance education belongs to the field of art and involves the education industry. Its digital development and application research must conform to the general laws of dance art and the special laws of dance education. Digital scientific development and application need to address the common features of technology and art, not blind research and development. This paper introduces the structure and current analysis of dance education and teaching promotion based on digital network communication through the analysis and construction of the system. This paper proposes a digital network communication method to construct an Internet communication mode, which realizes the information exchange between users' computers, and makes dance education and teaching spread on the Internet. In addition, it also uses a diversification method to analyze the structure of dance education. So as to achieve the effect of improving the integrity of teaching and enhancing the degree of knowledge. The experimental results of this article show that under the spread of digital networks, the quality of dance education has increased by 50%, and students’ enthusiasm and interest in dance education courses have increased by 18%. Among them, the information dissemination of dance education on the Internet has also increased greatly. With the advancement, people will pay more and more attention to dance teaching.

Julia C. Basso, Medha K. Satyal, Rachel Rugh

Dance has traditionally been viewed from a Eurocentric perspective as a mode of self-expression that involves the human body moving through space, performed for the purposes of art, and viewed by an audience. In this Hypothesis and Theory article, we synthesize findings from anthropology, sociology, psychology, dance pedagogy, and neuroscience to propose The Synchronicity Hypothesis of Dance, which states that humans dance to enhance both intra- and inter-brain synchrony. We outline a neurocentric definition of dance, which suggests that dance involves neurobehavioral processes in seven distinct areas including sensory, motor, cognitive, social, emotional, rhythmic, and creative. We explore The Synchronicity Hypothesis of Dance through several avenues. First, we examine evolutionary theories of dance, which suggest that dance drives interpersonal coordination. Second, we examine fundamental movement patterns, which emerge throughout development and are omnipresent across cultures of the world. Third, we examine how each of the seven neurobehaviors increases intra- and inter-brain synchrony. Fourth, we examine the neuroimaging literature on dance to identify the brain regions most involved in and affected by dance. The findings presented here support our hypothesis that we engage in dance for the purpose of intrinsic reward, which as a result of dance-induced increases in neural synchrony, leads to enhanced interpersonal coordination. This hypothesis suggests that dance may be helpful to repattern oscillatory activity, leading to clinical improvements in autism spectrum disorder and other disorders with oscillatory activity impairments. Finally, we offer suggestions for future directions and discuss the idea that our consciousness can be redefined not just as an individual process but as a shared experience that we can positively influence by dancing together.

X. Wen

A topological paradigm shift The discovery of topological phases of matter forced condensed matter physicists to question and reexamine some of the basic notions of their discipline. Wen reviews the progress of the field that took a sharp turn from Landau's broken symmetry paradigm to arrive at the modern notions of topological order and quantum entanglement in many-body systems. This development was made possible by using increasingly sophisticated mathematical formalisms. Science, this issue p. eaal3099 BACKGROUND Our world is very rich. One aspect of its richness is reflected in the existence of many different phases of matter. More than half a century ago, Landau developed a theory to describe phases of matter on the basis of symmetry breaking. He pointed out that the distinction between different phases stems from the way their constituent particles are organized (ordered); different phases correspond to different symmetries of the particles’ ordering. For many years, it was widely believed that the symmetry-breaking theory described all phases and all phase transitions. ADVANCES However, the study of chiral spin liquids and quantum Hall (QH) liquids eventually revealed phases of matter and organizations of particles not described by the symmetry-breaking theory. This new kind of order was referred to as topological order, because it is closely related to the topological quantum field theory introduced by Witten in 1989. It took researchers 20 years to realize that topological order is nothing but the patterns of quantum entanglement in many-body systems, which can be intuitively understood via two analogies to dancing: (i) Dance of particles (or step dance). Particles move in a spiral fashion and take a fixed number of steps to dance around each other. (ii) Dance of strings. The local degrees of freedom form strings that join in a particular way (see the figure). The strings can dance by moving around and reconnecting freely. The first type of dance, the step dance, describes topological order in chiral spin liquids and QH liquids, whereas the string dance describes topological order in other spin liquids. The QH liquids have been realized by electron systems at the interface of semiconductors and by graphene, under strong magnetic fields. The topological order categorized by the string dance may be realized by electron spins in certain materials, such as herbertsmithite and RuCl3. In the string-net liquids described by the string dance, the strings can be viewed as the “electric” flux of a gauge theory, and the string density wave give rise to an emergent (non-Abelian) gauge field. The ends of the strings are topological excitations that may carry fractional charges, fractional (non-Abelian) statistics in two-dimensional (2D) systems, and Fermi statistics in 3D systems. The QH liquids categorized by the step dance also have emergent gauge theory—the Chern-Simons gauge theory. This type of dance leads to indestructible perfect conducting boundaries, as well as indestructible qubits (units of quantum information). Topologically ordered states are materials with intriguing properties, which may be useful in electronic devices and topological quantum computation. OUTLOOK The emergence of topological phases of matter from the patterns of many-body quantum entanglement is a truly new phenomenon. New mathematics is needed to describe and classify topological orders. Recent studies have revealed that a unitary modular tensor category is required to classify 2D bosonic topological orders, and unitary braided fusion categories are necessary to classify 2D fermionic topological orders. To classify 2D topological orders with symmetry G, a G-cross unitary modular tensor category (for bosons) or a unitary braided fusion categories over Rep(G) (for bosons and fermions) is needed. However, the mathematical theory, including higher-category theory, to classify topological orders in three dimensions and beyond is still evolving. Many-body entanglement is not only the origin of many new states of quantum matter (such as topological orders), it is also the origin of emergent gauge fields, as well as emergent Fermi or fractional statistics, from the simple bosonic qubits that form the system. Recent work has indicated that our empty space itself might be a system formed by many qubits—a qubit ocean. In other words, the space itself is formed by entangled qubits; if there is no qubit, there is no sense of space. The entanglement of the qubits provides a sense of neighborhood and dimension of the space. If the quantum entanglement of the qubits in the ocean is described by a particular string-net dance, then the string density waves in the string-net liquid generate electromagnetic waves that satisfy the Maxwell equation and gluon waves that satisfy the Yang-Mills equation. String ends produce electrons and quarks that carry Fermi statistics and satisfy the Dirac equation. Those emergent gauge fields and fermions are the elementary particles in the standard model. Such an emergence picture based on string-nets represents a unification of matter and information (see the figure). String-nets. Local degrees of freedom form strings (colored lines), which can then join in a specific way to create a string-net. Sting-net liquids can give rise to emergent (non-Abelian) gauge theory, emergent fractional or non-Abelian statistics (in 2+1D), and emergent fermions (in 3+1D). This concept unifies gauge interaction and Fermi statistics and provides a cohesive origin for light and electrons, as well as other elementary particles. It has long been thought that all different phases of matter arise from symmetry breaking. Without symmetry breaking, there would be no pattern, and matter would be featureless. However, it is now clear that for quantum matter at zero temperature, even symmetric disordered liquids can have features, giving rise to topological phases of quantum matter. Some of the topological phases are highly entangled (that is, have topological order), whereas others are weakly entangled (that is, have symmetry-protected trivial order). This Review provides a brief summary of these zero-temperature states of matter and their emergent properties, as well as their importance in unifying some of the most basic concepts in nature.

A. Aristidou, Anastasios Yiannakidis, Kfir Aberman et al.

Synthesizing human motion with a global structure, such as a choreography, is a challenging task. Existing methods tend to concentrate on local smooth pose transitions and neglect the global context or the theme of the motion. In this work, we present a music-driven motion synthesis framework that generates long-term sequences of human motions which are synchronized with the input beats, and jointly form a global structure that respects a specific dance genre. In addition, our framework enables generation of diverse motions that are controlled by the content of the music, and not only by the beat. Our music-driven dance synthesis framework is a hierarchical system that consists of three levels: pose, motif, and choreography. The pose level consists of an LSTM component that generates temporally coherent sequences of poses. The motif level guides sets of consecutive poses to form a movement that belongs to a specific distribution using a novel motion perceptual-loss. And the choreography level selects the order of the performed movements and drives the system to follow the global structure of a dance genre. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of our music-driven framework to generate natural and consistent movements on various dance types, having control over the content of the synthesized motions, and respecting the overall structure of the dance.

Anna M. Carapellotti, R. Stevenson, M. Doumas

Dance may help individuals living with Parkinson’s disease (PD) improve motor and non-motor symptoms that impact quality of life (QOL). The primary aim of this systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to evaluate the efficacy of dance in improving motor and non-motor symptoms of PD and QOL. The secondary aims of this review were to evaluate the methodological quality of included studies by assessing risk of bias across nine categories and to inform the direction of future research. Peer-reviewed RCTs that included people living with PD at all disease stages and ages and measured the effects of a dance intervention longer than one day were included. Sixteen RCTs involving 636 participants with mild to moderate PD were eligible for inclusion in the qualitative synthesis and nine in the meta-analysis. Overall, the reviewed evidence demonstrated that dance can improve motor impairments, specifically balance and motor symptom severity in individuals with mild to moderate PD, and that more research is needed to determine its effects on non-motor symptoms and QOL. RCTs that use a mixed-methods approach and include larger sample sizes will be beneficial in fully characterizing effects and in determining which program elements are most important in bringing about positive, clinically meaningful changes in people with PD.