Hasil untuk "Commercial geography. Economic geography"

Yesim Aytop, Cuma Akbay, Abdulbaki Bilgiç

This study investigates how agricultural support policies shape the sustainability of cotton production in Türkiye. Based on survey data collected from 657 farmers in Şanlıurfa, Aydın, Diyarbakır, Hatay, and Adana, which together account for over 80% of the country’s cotton cultivation area, an analysis was conducted using the Tobit model. The findings reveal that subsidies play a decisive role in farmers’ land allocation decisions. Increases in premium payments and input subsidies encourage producers to expand cotton cultivation, while reductions in these supports lead to contraction. Premium payments were found to have a stronger effect than input subsidies. Beyond statistical evidence, the study emphasises that farmers’ daily challenges, from land preparation to product delivery, are critical for formulating effective policies. Taking these realities into account can help policymakers design support measures that are not only economically effective but also aligned with producers’ lived experiences, thereby contributing to the long-term sustainability of the cotton sector.

HULPUȘ IOANA ALEXANDRA , BULEA IULIA

The reform of judicial systems across Europe has increasingly emphasized judicial independence, quality, and accountability as fundamental components of the rule of law, accompanied by a shift toward a citizen-oriented model of justice. In Romania, accession to the European Union generated substantial structural and institutional changes aimed at improving judicial performance through the implementation of quality management principles and performance-based evaluation tools. This transformation reflects a broader understanding of justice as a public service, with the citizen positioned as the primary beneficiary. The article explores Romania’s progress in developing a system of quality indicators intended to ensure transparency, efficiency, and informed assessment of judicial activity. Since 2014–2016, participation in European cooperation frameworks has enabled the adoption of common benchmarks and analytical instruments, facilitating both internal evaluation and international comparison. Central to this process is the correlation between judicial independence and accountability, viewed as interdependent pillars of an effective and credible justice system. Special attention is given to Romania’s involvement in initiatives of the European Network of Councils for the Judiciary, which promote standardized indicators for measuring autonomy, responsibility, and quality. Despite notable advancements, the absence of systematic mechanisms for collecting court users’ perceptions remains a significant limitation. The study concludes that sustainable judicial reform depends on embedding quality management as a strategic resource for modernization, enhanced accountability, and increased public confidence.

افشین متقی دستنائی, مریم ابراهیمی, حسن صدرانیا

طرح انتقال بین حوضه‌ای آب با توجه به موقعیت و ویژگی‌های طبیعی و انسانی مبدأ و مقصد می تواند پیامدهای متفاوت اقتصادی، زیست‌محیطی، اجتماعی، سیاسی و امنیتی داشته باشد. این موضوع می‌تواند واکنش‌های باشندگان حوضه آبریز به‌خصوص در بالادست را به همراه داشته باشد. ازاین‌جهت ادراک افراد در شکل‌گیری و مواجهه با پیامدهای این انتقال آب متفاوت است. یکی از ابزارهای تأثیر بر ادراک افراد استفاده از رسانه است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تاثیر رسانه بر پیامدهای انتقال بین حوضه ای آب از زاب به دریاچه ارومیه انجام شده است. این پژوهش درجهت شناسایی ادراک معنا و ماهیت تجربه افراد با رویکرد کیفی انجام‌شده است. برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از روش مصاحبه نیمه‌باز استفاده‌شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش نخبگان و مسئولین منطقه مبدأ و مقصد انتقال آب و افراد مطلع در این زمینه بوده است. شیوه نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت غیر احتمالی و هدفمند و تعداد نمونه 26 نفر است. تجزیه‌وتحلیل محتوا با فن کدگذاری باز در سه مرحله انجام‌شده است. تحلیل محتوا در سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، محوری و گزینشی مقوله های محوری را آشکار ساخت: واگرایی ملی، اقناع افکار عمومی، مشارکت سیاسی، رسانه‌های ترمیمی و پیوند رسانه امنی و سیاست. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد رسانه‌ها از طریق چارچوب‌بندی‌های متنوع و گفتمان‌سازی، ادراک گروه‌های ذی‌نفع را جهت‌دهی کرده و زمینه‌ساز پذیرش یا مقاومت، مشارکت یا اعتراض اجتماعی–سیاسی نسبت به طرح شده‌اند. در پایان، تقویت رسانه‌های محلی و ترمیمی، افزایش شفافیت و ارتقای مشارکت مردمی به‌عنوان راهکارهایی کلیدی برای کاهش تنش‌ها و ترویج همگرایی پیشنهاد می‌گردد.

Milad Abbasiharofteh

POPEANGĂ VASILE NICOLAE

The budget deficit is a quasi-generalized constant of the contemporary world. Like any fundamental concept, it has been the subject of study in various schools of economic thought and thus its content has been reconsidered over time. In our analysis we aim to provide a diagnosis of the budget balance over the period and of the factors having an impact on its structure and effects, with a view to capturing the process in both static and dynamic terms. Finally, we hope to formulate some conclusions and projections on the effects of the budget deficit on the national economy,

ALULA NEREA GEBEREMESKEL, MARUF MOHAMMAD SIRAJUM MONIR, NICOLETA-ELENA CRISTEA et al.

China's influence is significantly growing globally over the years. Especially in East Africa, over the last couple of decades, china’s role is significantly grown in multifaceted socio-economic activities such as Aid and investment. However, the relations, mainly the aid aspect which consists of a concessional loan with a grant element of 25 %, are portrayed by the West as detrimental, putting countries in a debt trap and adversely affecting socio-economic life in multiple ways in the long run. This paper aims to investigate the clime from Income Inequality (IIQ) point of view. By measuring the impact of Chinese official development assistance (ODA) on Income inequality (IIQ) in selected East African countries. The study employed random effect model on secondary data gathered for twenty years from eight countries. The results depict that Chines official development assistance contributes to reduction of income inequality

Houda BESSACHI, Fouad ANNOUN

Findings show the necessity to establish effective strategies to face and eliminate climate effects through sustainable management of water resources and land restoration policy that tend to improve land productivity to achieve food security and minimize food gap This study aims to provide a preliminary step towards developing a multidimensional index for the sake of food security dimensions’ evaluation. Hence, food security is regarded as a big and difficult challenge in the whole world, basically in Arab countries.

Jihane Saousane Mahi, Souhila Ghomari

Maintaining essential skills is a challenge for organizations today. This study investigates the relationship between Knowledge Management (KM) and Quality of Work Life (QWL) to address the lack of exploration in this domain. Our goal is a comprehensive literature review to reveal the impact of KM practices on QWL. By employing a qualitative methodology, our study concludes that effective implementation of KM strategies is critical in influencing positive QWL outcomes. We propose essential strategies for optimal KM integration in the workplace.

XinMei Ye, Hira Batool, Shi-Zheng Huang

Abstract The outbreak of COVID-19 has made the offline real economy suffer an unprecedented test, and the online e-commerce livestreaming model, as a new marketing model, has been rapidly developed. Based on the SOR model, this paper clarifies the interaction between e-commerce livestreaming and consumer decision-making, taking the e-commerce livestream as an independent variable, customer engagement and value co-creation as intermediary variables, and customer loyalty as the dependent variable. This paper explores the evolution from e-commerce livestreaming to customer loyalty. The target sample consists of 475 Chinese e-commerce livestream viewers. Structural equation modelling (SEM) is used for empirical analysis, and MPLUS8.0 is used for data analysis. Aesthetic appeal, functional layout and verbal communication have a direct impact on customer engagement, while financial security, Nonverbal communication and service skills have no significant impact. In value co-creation, customer engagement has a direct impact on functional, hedonic and social values, which all have a direct impact on customer loyalty. Customer engagement does not singularly mediate between e-commerce livestreaming and customer loyalty, while value co-creation does have a mediating effect. Customer engagement and value co-creation have an enchained mediating effect between e-commerce livestreaming and customer loyalty. The research results reveal the effects of e-commerce livestreaming, provide a new entry point for considering stimuli in the application of SOR theory to e-commerce, and demonstrate how e-commerce livestreaming provides customers with visual beauty and personalized experiences while enhancing the communication skills of the operations and service staff. This research extends the scene theory of e-commerce livestreaming services and provides significant insights into e-commerce livestreaming platforms and enterprise management.

SANDA GHEORGHE GABRIEL

Concerns have arisen that increased migration to Europe may be an indirect consequence of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Global food prices have risen to record levels as a result of the invasion. Hunger, it has been assumed, may drive people to migrate. However, the drivers of migration are complex. Many factors other than food prices may influence decisions to migrate. There does not appear to be a general relationship between global food prices and migration to Europe. The global flow of remittances is unlikely to be significantly affected by the indirect effects of the invasion.

Krista Julesa B. Galo, Janine Kaye S. Tabudlong, Heart B. Yokingco

Vaccination is typically the most effective approach for reducing infectious diseases. However, individuals and groups may choose to delay or refuse immunization because of hesitancy. Only a few research have looked into the occurrence and factors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Leyte. Hence, this research was carried out with the primary goal of determining the factors that influence COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and refusal, particularly among students at Visayas State University Integrated High School. An online survey created through Google Forms was used and a total of 212 individuals answered the survey. A binary logistic regression was used in evaluating the motivating factors and barriers to participate in the vaccination drive. The results show that vaccine hesitancy is predicted by an increase in medical conditions and level of fear in acquiring COVID-19. On the other hand, having a high level of knowledge about COVID-19 vaccine can predict vaccine acceptability. The findings suggest the importance of providing additional information about the COVID-19 vaccine to students in order to reduce vaccine hesitancy.

Eduard Leonard Guță

“In recent decades, the revolution generated by entrepreneurship is perceived as a symbol of tenacity and success, enjoying unprecedented attention, not only at the political, economic and social levels, but also in sports. Sports entrepreneurship is interdependent and interconditioned with many factors, macro and micro, and can take the form of different businesses, depending on the stage, impact and type of focus on the commercial or social dimension. The major contribution of sports entrepreneurship to economic growth, to increasing competitiveness is today an unanimously recognized reality. The revelation of its beneficial effects in economic and social terms have radically transformed the opinions and perceptions towards entrepreneurship in sports organizations, currently considered an active and determining factor. Currently, managers in sports organizations seek to achieve better communication of the organization with employees and customers to understand, on the one hand, the needs and hopes for the organization, and on the other hand, to determine their reaction to accomplished changes. Most sports organizations that have a certain level of development, have their own formal communication channels, which are exemplified by its specific written documents, which must be respected with a sense of responsibility by the employees of the sports organization. The main means of communication in the sports entrepreneurship environment are: direct meetings, internal relations, face-to-face discussion, mobile, notice board within the organization, email or other electronic sources, presentation and others. In the modern entrepreneurial environment, knowledge, mastery and acceptance of communication becomes extremely important, it is necessary that it be approached both as a science and as an art. Effective communication, both informatively and emotionally, establishes the personal brand of a sports organization, strengthens professional relationships and partnerships and streamlines time, having a lasting effect on professional development and ensuring our path safe and stable to success.”

ADINA CLAUDIA NEAMȚU, LIVIU NEAMȚU

The current marketing cannot be treated separately from organizations, these being the environment in which the marketing managerial process takes place. The activity of promoting an organization envisages the development of a succession of activities in the community, in the region of which the community is part, at the level of the neighboring regions or at national, European and international level. The mission of a marketing department or department, however it may be called, is to promote an organization, targeting its internal audiences (employees and customers) and external audiences (potential clients, collaborators, various organizations and institutions, local and regional community, national and international). The main purpose of marketing is to enhance the organization and its offer. This objective is achieved by increasing the awareness of the mission assumed by the organization at the level of the management of higher level hierarchy, by generating a better visibility of it and by creating and maintaining a positive image. Marketing becomes a strategic one, with a long-term vision, aiming at effective communication inside and outside the organization in order to promote a top-level image, with a European entrepreneurial outlook, aiming to obtain and stimulate performance in all its fields of activity. So you can run an integrated marketing campaign efficiently you must have the opportunity to decide within the higher hierarchical management. Without a functional marketing department, well organised, integrated in the management of the higher level hierarchy, you can't reach your marketing goals.

VĂDUVA MARIA, VĂDUVA CECILIA ELENA

Insurance companies carry out risk spreading through the co-insurance and reinsurance mechanism, consisting of the participation of more companies in the provision of high-value assets. Reinsurance is a form of insurance whereby an insurance organization can transfer to another reinsurer, partly or fully, its payment obligations arising from the insurance contracts that it has concluded. In the reinsurance ratios, the insurance companies appear in a double position - giving other insurance companies some of the risks assumed under direct insurance, being reinsured, but receiving different risks to reinsurance, acquiring the quality of reinsurers. Reinsurance intends to satisfy some multiple needs of the direct insurer and can provide means to counteract the risks associated with the fluctuations in compensation costs, the reinsurer will contribute to the payment of compensations on behalf of the reinsurer. Life insurance has characteristics that influence reinsurance: the average life of the insurance, the insurance is concluded for a fixed amount insured, the capital accumulation. In life reinsurance, almost all reinsurance arrangements are proportional agreements, and the largest share have the "surplus" agreements. Reinsurance plays an important role because it fulfills the following functions: it confers capacity, creates stability, helps to consolidate financial strength. The adjustment of the client portfolio in terms of the changes of reinsurance agreement, required by the reinsurer, can only be done by concluding the insurance contracts. In life insurance, reinsurance contracts contain provisions that meet the need of the insurer to have long-term protection.

NEAGU OLIMPIA , ARDELEAN DORU IOAN, LAZĂR VASILE LUCIAN

The paper has the aim to highlight the impact of innovation on sustainable development in Eastern and Central European countries. In this wiew, a sinthetic measure of sustainability in these countries is calculated, taking into account ten statistical indicators (related to socio-economic development, sustainable consumption and production, social inclusion, demographic changes, public health, primary energy consumption, share of renewable energy in final consumption energy, sustainable transport, official development assistance granted to these countries) from EUROSTAT database. A comparative analysis of the level of sustainability during 2005-2014 in Eastern and Central Europe is followed by an analysis of the impact of innovation (measured by eco-innovation index) on sustainable development, using panel data techniques. The findings show that eco-innovation had a positive impact on sustainability in these countries in the examined period.This result could be used as a rationale for policy makers from these countries in designing measures for eco-innovation stimulation, aiming in this way to move forward for achieving the planned national targets within the European Union Sustainable Development Strategy (EU-SDS).

BELCIC-ŞTEFAN IULIA-OANA

In the present study I first present the classification system of states by international financial institutions on economic and financial criteria, then focusing on the classification made by Morgan Stanley Capital International. According to it the capital market in Romania is currently a frontier one, the Financial Surveillance Authority pursuing the reclassification as an emerging capital market by August 2016. The findings of the study indicate this term as unrealistic, for several reasons. Thus, curently on the Romanian stock market there are only two entities out of 3 minimum required, respectively S.N.G.N Romgaz and Fondul Proprietatea, which fully meet the size and liquidity requirements imposed by MSCI in order to be reclassified as an emerging capital market. Also it is mandatory making significant progress regarding the effectiveness of the operational framework, progress made to some extent through Project S.T.E.A.M. (Set of actions Towards Establishing and Acknowledgment of the emerging Market status). On this project, after analyzing the degree of completion of the proposed measures in order to reach the primary and secondary objectives, whose deadlines have expired, according to the schedule provided, we found that only 69% of them were fulfilled. Given these considerations I can state that Romania could be reclassified as an emerging capital market at the earliest starting with 2017.

LIVIU ILIE FACALEATA

In the context of accelerated economic globalization and hyper global competition, companies must have a high degree of orientation in the market, to know and respond quickly to volatile markets. In this context, the public food field is one marked by significant changes having regard to needs and consumer behavior. Public food services are designed to meet first the basic needs which causes certain private actions and a particular mechanism for the training of behavior with significant impact on the way in which the companies of public food should develop services and certain ambient which to contribute to the proper customer service. Moreover, these companies have aspecial relationship with customers, having regard to the direct interaction between supplier and customer. This present project aimsto identify good practice in the field of public food service regarding the implementation of the philosophy orientation on the marketplace. To achieve this goal has been used as methodology the analysis of the primary results from previous research in the fields of both market direction, as well as in the hospitality areas, analysis which has had as main objective a stock-taking of the models developed for the hospitality industry and compiling influence factors with impact on the "good service" of the client, but also integration of orientation principles toward market within the framework of these models.

MORARU GEORGIANA OANA

At the present moment, energy has become a resource too important to be treated in a superficial manner. Energy is a public good which determines the need for protection and also a commodity on the competitive market of energy. Also energy has become part of the industrial, economic and household lifestyle, which increases standard of living and, last but not least, it is an important pillar for driving the climate change. In this paper I intended to show that Romania even though it can achieve its renewable energy goals, should not react through measures taken carelessly. The market for renewable energy can create competitive distortions in the energy sector if the regulations are not clear or if they are not adapted to the economic environment.

Caruntu Genu Alexandru, Holt Gheorghe

In economic and financial activity, risk is an inherent financial decisions, encountered in daily agenda of managers of companies. Unexpected changes in the price of a product development not only affect the financial results of a company, but can cause even bankruptcy. In fact, the nature of financial decisions involve uncertainty. Financial decisions are made based on cash flows under future contracts, which are par excellence incerte.Activitatea an enterprise that holds any weight in the industry is subject to risks, since it can not predict with certainty different components of its outcome (cost, quantity, price) and operating cycle (purchase, processing, sales).

Mungiu-Pupăzan Mariana Claudia

This paper wants an analysis of investment in human capital as an important resource in the economy. The paper also seeks to strengthen the argument that this resource plays an important role in a competitive economy. The essence of the idea of human capital investment is made in human resources to improve their productivity. Costs are incurred in the expectation of future benefits, hence the term "investment" in human resources. Like all investments, and there is no question if economically justified. The answer to this question depends on whether or not the benefits outweigh the costs by an amount satisfactory or not they apply standard investment criteria.