Pavel Sidorenko, Nadia Alonso López, Adriana Paíno Ambrosio
En virtud de que las redes sociales se perfilaron como fuentes de información desde el primer momento en que Rusi tomó la decisión de invadir Ucrania en febrero de 2022, la presente investigación pretende analizar, de forma exploratoria el tipo de perfiles que difundieron en una primera instancia la guerra ucraniana a través de TikTok, una red social trending basada en el entretenimiento con una narrativa caracterizada por la sátira, los retos y los bailes virales. Para ello, se utiliza un análisis cualitativo de las publicaciones realizadas en esta red social con los hashtags #Ucrania y #Ukraine teniendo en cuenta que tanto civiles como periodistas o militares hicieron uso de la plataforma. Los resultados muestran que los perfiles de los influencers son los que publican más contenido informativo y testimonial y tienen un mayor impacto que los propios medios de comunicación.
Communication. Mass media, Journalism. The periodical press, etc.
In this publication, the author considers ways to achieve stylistic equivalence between the original text and the translation in the case when the original literary text is written in a dialect and many of its features do not have direct correspondences in the language of translation. The Russian translation of the novel "Petria's Wreath" by D. Mikhailovich, made by O. D. Kutasova, chosen as the subject of the study, is analyzed using the typology of translation compensations proposed by V. K. Lanchikov and M. A. Yakovleva, and a method for assessing the quality of such translation using A. Popovich's system of stylistic shifts.
Since we are talking about a literary text written in a dialect, the problems of the article are at the intersection of translation studies, comparative stylistics (in its functional aspect) and dialectology (as an auxiliary discipline).
Analyzing a number of examples of the translation technique of O. D. Kutasova, the author comes to the conclusion that the best way to compensate for the inevitable when translating a dialect (or consistently stylized as a dialect) text is to transfer it to the national vernacular of the language of translation, which makes it possible to reproduce the stylistic invariant of the original text in translation. The concrete examples of stylistic compensations given by the author, used in the translation of the novel "Petria's Wreath", allow us to be convinced of the richness of the artistic means available to the translator, who turns to vernacular to translate the dialect text.
In information design textbooks, text design is mostly understood as typography and layout. The meaning-making process of language, involving social interaction that affects language, is rarely acknowledged. Instead, texts are supposed to be “clearly” written. In this research article, we argue that the understanding of text design could benefit from also addressing text production and use situated amid social activity. This article presents a study on a text design process partly based on spoken language and owned by assembly operators in a workplace. Capturing the spoken dialogue and transforming it into instructive texts resembling transcripts are essential steps in securing the best practices for the smallest tasks in manual assembly, the minima of working, which is crucial for manufacturing. Our aim within the information design field is 2-fold: To underline the meaning-making process in language as a social phenomenon and to show that the situated design perspective, i.e., an outlook that highlights the uniqueness of the setting, can be important for the production and use of certain texts, such as instructions, and for affecting language. We asked ourselves: What are the consequences for the information design field when meaning-making in a language is understood as being socially situated in an activity? We have studied a design process and used observations, interviews, and text analysis to gather data. The result showed that the workers' ownership of text documents is crucial for the texts' use, yet the texts used do not meet the standard of information design textbooks. Moreover, the design of the text involves a continuous and non-linear collective negotiation that balances standardization in language and work procedures with the incorporation of operators' linguistic improvements. We unfold a case of text design where there is a closeness of designer and user roles, a non-linearity of the process, and an understanding of an information design product as becoming rather than having been finalized for use.
Trudności w nabywaniu sprawności językowych oraz komunikacyjnych stanowią wyzwanie dla logopedy. Artykuł dotyczy problematyki niedokształcenia mowy o typie afazji motorycznej. Zaburzenia rozwoju mowy mają negatywny wpływ na czynności poznawcze dziecka, dlatego tak ważna jest rzetelna diagnoza i właściwie zorganizowana terapia. Po uporządkowaniu terminologii związanej z zaburzeniami rozwoju językowego, wynikających z uszkodzeń struktur mózgowych, ma miejsce prezentacja przyczyn i charakterystyka typu niedokształcenia mowy o typie afazji motorycznej. Autorka przedstawia procedurę diagnostyki tego typu zaburzenia w oparciu o studium przypadku 3-letniego chłopca oraz dokonuje szczegółowego opisu trudności w zakresie ekspresji u badanego dziecka. W artykule zawarta została także propozycja terapii logopedycznej z naciskiem na zminimalizowanie zaburzeń motorycznych.
The aim of the study is to identify the structural features of terms of combinatorial linguistics, which studies the syntagmatic relations of linguistic units and their combinatorial potential. The article deals with the structural methods of forming the terms of the studied field of knowledge. The scientific novelty lies in the presentation of the structural characteristics of the English terminology of combinatorial linguistics and the description of its structural schemes. As a result of the study, the ways of forming terminological units of combinatorial linguistics in the English language have been identified. The syntactic way of forming terms is the most common - it forms from two-component to six-component terminological word combinations.
Since the advent of Cognitive Linguistics in the 20th century (cf. Lakoff & Johnson, 1980/2003), the role and perception of metaphor(isation) started to change, not only among theoretical linguists and researchers, but also in the context of Applied Linguistics. Thus, no longer treated as a mere ornament or anomaly, metaphor has been more and more appreciated by educationalists, course book writers, and teachers, but also by psychologists, clinicians, and other professionals. In short, it has become an educational and a diagnostic tool in many ‘applied’ areas of human development. In line with this rekindled interest in metaphoricity, in my study I attempt to learn more about awareness and perception of metaphoric conceptualisations among English philology university students (both freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors) in the environment of academia, an environment they naturally function in and belong to. My preliminary assumption is that despite the already widely acknowledged importance of metaphors in sciences and humanities (cf. Cameron and Maslen 2010, Haase 2009, 2010; Hermann 2013), the perception and awareness of metaphorical construals in the ‘academic habitat’ among prospective English philologists may be variegated, ranging between more traditional and more modern perspectives. My intention is, then, to obtain feedback from them as it concerns their views on (the role of) metaphor(ization) in the academic habitat and beyond it, in their life and in the world in general. The results reveal that the students are closer to traditional rather than modern stances on metaphor, though the situation is more complex.
: Chinese Phonology is a traditional and basic subject, which plays an important role in the study of characters, exegesis, ancient books. Chinese Phonology is also a compulsory basic course for postgraduates majoring in linguistics and philology. In the formation and development of this discipline, it contains both the essence of science and miscellaneous dross. Due to the particularity of the subject contents, the limitations of people's knowledge, and the inefficiency of teaching and learning methods, people are discouraged and few are willing to learn. Faced with this situation, if we want to carry on the phonological teaching and learning, teachers and students must study all kinds of effective methods. One of the most practical and effective methods is that taking the pronunciation of Mandarin as reference and taking the pronunciation of Dialect as evidence. Our specific approach is based on the content of phonology, guided by the theory of Mandarin, oriented by problems, and supplemented by the cases of Dialect, and the relationship and corresponding laws among them will be explained. Demonstrating the past with today's idea, mutual confirmation between ancient and present, this not only makes obscure and complex content easy to understand, but also achieves a commendable effect. Therefore, as long as the teachers and students adhere to acquire new knowledge while thinking over the old ， and get rid of deficiency by practicability, it will be possible to restore the true features of this discipline.
Literature abounds on the way gender issues are foregrounded in both literary and non-literary texts. Many of these studies, especially from the linguistic perspective, fail to pay attention to how proverbs and figurative expressions are used to expose feminist ideology in discourse. This study, therefore, considers the way these cultural elements are used to ex-press the feminist beliefs of Femi Osofisan in some of his drama texts to lend credence to the argument that every genre of text and talk is capable of bearing ideological nuances.
The study deploys Norman Fairclough’s socio-cultural model of CDA which incorporates aspects of Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) as theoretical model. Three of Osofisan’s drama texts, which mostly express his feminist tendencies; Morountodun, YungbaYungba and the Dance Contest and Tegonni: An African Antigone are purposively sampled to explain the expressive capabilities of women. Proverbs and figurative expressions are subjected to descriptive linguistic analysis to bring out the underlying gender rhetoric. Osofisan projects women’s ability to use proverbs and figures of speechto express power. There is the overrid-ing feminist ideology of women as expressive and dynamic in the texts.
Computational linguistics. Natural language processing, Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar
Zaki Abdulla Valiyev, Amea Geologiya və Geofizika İnstitutu
Professor Abdulla Valiyev presented Azerbaijani linguistics at the highest level not only in the Republic, but also in the most prestigious scientific centers of the former USSR, scientific assemblies, congresses, symposiums, sessions, etc. Abdulla Valiyev served Azerbaijani science with all his being and was able to have his say in Azerbaijani linguistics. Key words: Abdulla Valiyev, Azerbaijani linguistics, philology, scientific researches
Анатолій Панасович Загнітко, Донецький національний університет імені Василя Стуса, Жанна Краснобаєва‑Чорна
The relevance of the article is due to the need to create a well-thought-out system of educational program (hereinafter EP) «Applied Linguistics» of the second (master’s) level and educational-scientific program (hereinafter ESP) «Philology» of the third (educational-scientific) level with a clear vision of the features of determining the individual trajectory of learning
Лингвистика автономная от филологии наука, а не часть филологии. Объект филологии текст как фиксированная вербальная форма и классификация жанров. Объект лингвистики механизмы языка, реализующиеся автоматически. Филология гуманитарная наука, лингвистика естественная. Максимальной единицей языка является предложение. Так называемая лингвистика текста, связывающая параметры предложения с особенностями текста, в рамках дихотомии лингвистика vs филология может быть определена как скрытая филология, т.е. область, где лингвистические методы используются для решения традиционных задач филологии.I argue that linguistics and philology are sciences of a different type. Philology deals with texts as fixed verbal forms and with genre classifications. Linguistics deals with the mechanisms of language structure realized automatically. Philology is an art science, linguistics is a natural science. So called text linguistics i.e. a branch explaining the links between clausal features and text features must be redefined as cryptophilology. Cryptophilogists apply a part of the linguistic methods but solve traditional philological problems.
The present scholar piece tightly links to the earlier introduced idea in the article of Monomial Variables in English Audit Terminology (by Oksana Chaika) published in International Journal of Philology (2019). In the light of global digitalization and processes automation, international business markets are getting more and more demanding in the search of insightful solutions and cutting-edge technologies. Terminology as a field of linguistics is moving ahead. The research carried out exemplifies a number of English terms – binomials – in the professional domain of audit, assurance and accounting, which smoothly fall under the proposed classification. Such classification breaks all the audit terms into the main three groups, where we distinguish (i) monomials [along with monomial variables], (ii) binomials (and those that contain variables), (iii) trinomials and polynomials in the English audit terminology. The mentioned classification has proven feasible so far and rests on similarities found between an algebraic expression (its terms/components and operations) in mathematics and a terminological set expression in English for Audit as a language for specific purpose. The earlier published data recommend one address a proposed substitute for a term in the audit terminology, by replacing the term that stands for a set terminological expression in audit with the linguistic term of audit monomial, or binomial, or polynomial, respectively. This suggestion is driven by the need in differentiation of the term (terminological set expression in audit) and terms of the term (components of such terminological set expression in audit) for the purpose of the article and in future if proven reasonable and adopted by professional communities and recognized scholars globally. A distinct facet of binomials in English audit terminology is presented in the paper. Any kind support or critique in relation to the proposed interpretations would be highly welcome at oxana.chaika@yahoo.es.
The authors of the article are the experts of Federal Educational and Methodological Union (FEMU) in the training direction “Linguistics and Literature”, who have worked out three subsequent versions of State Educational Standards, including the last version of Federal State Educational Standard (FSES 3++) and Samples of Basic Educational Programs (SBEP) in the training direction of higher education (HE) “Philology”. The given article provides an overview of the main stages of Russian education standardization within the period of 1990–2010 and its further adaptation to the market requirements. The experts focus their attention on the problems of working out and implementing since 2012 the Professional Standards essential for carrying out different kinds of professional activities.The given investigation summarizes the problems discussed in substantive methodological literature that the Russian higher education has to deal with in the conditions of professional standardization. The authors of the article analyze in detail the experience of the FEMU with the view to display the variety of approaches suggested by the authors of FSES HE in correlation with professional standards – from the broadest approach implying the conformity of FSES HE with dozens of professional standards to the narrowest trend designating that a graduate student’s professional activity is only restricted to scientific and pedagogical spheres. Consequently, there is a threat that the variety of approaches may cause in future certain difficulties in coordinating the educational processes in higher educational institutions and in case of uncontrolled extrapolation may result in the downfall of the unified Russian educational system.In the concluding part of the investigation the authors share their know-how in correlating the Educational Standards in “Philology” (HE) with professional standards, dwell on their positive experience of aligning the competence model of the graduate student in FSES and SBEP with the norms of professional standards.
<strong>هدف از این مقاله، ارائه مدل تبیین نقش مدیریت منابع انسانی در اجرای موفق نوآوری باز صنعت رسانه در حوزه IPTV سازمان صداوسیما بوده است. با توجه به نوین بودن پژوهشهای مرتبط با نوآوری باز در رسانه و بهخصوص در ایران، مطالعه حاضر از نوع پژوهشهای بنیادی است. روش مورد استفاده در این پژوهش ترکیبی از نوع طرح شیوههای ترکیبی اکتشافی بوده است. در بخش کیفی 18 نفر از خبرگان حوزه IPTV صداوسیما برای اجرای فرایند مصاحبه با تکیه بر تکنیک گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند و نتایج مصاحبه بر اساس تکنیک تحلیل تم مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در گام دوم پژوهش نیز، با رویکرد کمی برازش مدل استخراج شده در گام اول، با تکیه بر راهبرد پژوهشی پیمایشی از سوی خبرگان رسانهای حوزه IPTV بررسی شد. بهمنظور بررسی و ارائه مدل نهایی، در این مرحله، رویکرد معادلات ساختاری با نرمافزار اسمارت PLS.2 مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نتایج بررسی نشان داد که مدیریت منابع انسانی با 4 مؤلفه بهکارگیری منابع انسانی، فرهنگ نوآورانه منابع انسانی، مدیریت دانش منابع انسانی و بهسازی منابع انسانی، نقش مثبت و معناداری (0/797) در اجرای موفق نوآوری باز در حوزه IPTV سازمان صداوسیما بر عهده دارد.</strong>
The paper provides a brief overview of different approaches to language or languages in the history of linguistic thought. It briefly outlines the varying relationships between grammar or linguistics and other disciplines, especially philosophy and philology. Thereafter, the question of the relationship between language and cognition is considered from a viewpoint that does not provide an abstract and generalized answer, but rather offers insight into the processes that either reduce the cognitive potential of a language or enable a language to enhance its cognitive potential. Thus, the paper deals with two opposite processes that occur in the history of every language. One is language change, and the other is language development. These two concepts must be strictly differentiated, although they are often confused. Every language changes with time, and this change is usually “deterioration”, or – as the Indian grammarians called changes in the Indian languages – “ruin” (apabhraṃśa). In the strictly linguistic sense, it could be termed the “loss of distinctions”. This phenomenon reduces the cognitive potential of a particular language: communication becomes more limited or more difficult, and intellectual and cultural contents are impoverished and deteriorated. Language development is the opposite process, whereby a language gradually recovers from such a state of impoverishment thanks to the social, cultural, and intellectual needs of another epoch. Unlike language change, language development enhances the cognitive potential of language. The first process is spontaneous, while the second implies a conscious, systematic effort by the linguistic community. This development is realised through different strategies in languages of different structures, depending largely on the prior history of the respective language. Both processes are illustrated through select examples from European and Indian languages.
La política científica contemporánea constituye un rasgo ineludible de las sociedades en las cuales vivimos, convirtiéndose en un capítulo importante de sus agendas. En este contexto, entendemos a las prácticas científicas y tecnológicas como prácticas sociales que se encuentran insertas dentro de determinados contextos políticos, culturales, sociales, económicos, científicos que proponen determinados diálogos y tensiones entre los distintos actores involucrados. En el presente ensayo pretendemos reflexionar sobre la aplicación de una política científica y tecnológica entendida en este contexto como política pública. De esta manera, indagaremos sobre los contextos de producción y enunciación del Convenio de Cooperación entre el Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (MINCyT), el Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) y la Universidad Nacional de Misiones denominado “Programa de Becas para Áreas de Vacancia Geográfica”: ¿qué actores, alianzas, relaciones, dinámicas, tensiones y cristalizaciones institucionales propuso este Convenio de Cooperación? ¿Qué roles ocuparon los distintos actores sociales y políticos en la implementación de esta política científico-tecnológica? ¿Qué prioridades y vínculos con otras políticas públicas propuso? ¿Qué aspectos políticos permean las distintas funciones y relaciones sociales de las instituciones universitarias?