Ajeng Sanitaquin, Kati Sriwiyati, Sherly Cancerita
Background: Blood pressure is the force exerted by blood on the walls of blood vessels and depends on cardiac output and peripheral resistance. Blood pressure is influenced by various factors, one of which is cardiovascular endurance. Optimal cardiovascular endurance helps maintain blood pressure at normal levels, thereby decreasing the risk of high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease.
Aims: To determine cardiovascular endurance and blood pressure changes before and after performing the Harvard step test and to analyses the correlation between cardiovascular endurance and blood pressure changes in employees of Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia.
Methods: This study was a quantitative analytical observational type with a cross-sectional method involving 77 employees who are not registered as teaching lecturers who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. This study was conducted by collecting primary data in the form of blood pressure measurement, Harvard step test treatment and pulse rate measurement. The data was then analyzed statistically using a Spearman’s hypothesis test.
Results: The majority of respondents were ≤40 years old (55.8%), male (64.9%), had a habit of smoking (55.8%) and abnormal HRR (83.1%). After conducting the Spearman test, p-value = 0.727; r = -0.041 for systolic and p = 0.314; r = -0.116 for diastolic. The correlation coefficient indicates a very weak negative correlation between cardiovascular endurance and blood pressure changes in employees of Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia.
Conclusion: There is no significant correlation between cardiovascular endurance and changes in blood pressure. Cardiovascular endurance showed a significant negative correlation with blood pressure, although other factors such as age, gender, physical activity, and smoking also play a role.
Background: Global health narratives on youth resilience predominantly reflect Western-centric models emphasizing individual agency and nuclear family structures, marginalizing the intergenerational care networks and indigenous knowledge systems central to African societies.
Objective: This conceptual paper critically examines the limitations of Western resilience frameworks in African contexts and proposes a reconceptualization grounding youth resilience in indigenous epistemologies, particularly Ubuntu philosophy and intergenerational care practices.
Methods: Drawing on decolonial theory, African-centered psychology, and community resilience literature, we synthesize evidence from ethnographic studies, program evaluations, and regional health data across sub-Saharan Africa to demonstrate the efficacy of culturally grounded approaches.
Results: Indigenous support systems, including grandparent-headed households, traditional healing practices, and community-based care networks, constitute tested resilience mechanisms that have sustained African youth through adversity yet remain systematically undervalued. Successful integration models from South Africa, Senegal, and Uganda demonstrate superior outcomes when indigenous wisdom informs youth development programming.
Conclusion: Repositioning intergenerational care and indigenous knowledge from peripheral supplements to foundational pillars requires substantial policy reform, culturally appropriate research methodologies, and deliberate decolonization of health and social service systems across Africa.
Due to the changing market environment since 2022, when all European, Japanese, and Korean brands left the Russian market, dealer enterprises faced the need to find new suppliers. In parallel with this process, Chinese manufacturers filled the Russian market, occupying the dealerships of former European companies. This article is devoted to the analysis of methods that contribute to increasing sales of a particular Chinese brand in the dealer’s portfolio, since today each dealer company has at least 4–6 brands in its portfolio, there is not much difference for them in which brand to sell. The article describes the experience of one of the Chinese distributors, his methods, as well as the mechanisms of how to achieve brand sales to the dealer. Approaches such as improving dealer motivation through reward systems, using marketing support and activating sales promotion programs are considered. Special attention is paid to the introduction of modern technologies to automate the processes of interaction with the dealer and customers, which minimizes errors and increases customer loyalty. Successful examples of the implementation of these strategies are analyzed and recommendations for their practical application are proposed. The importance of an integrated approach to dealer sales management is emphasized in the context of current economic challenges.
The relevance of the topic of forming an effective system of management of economic security of the agricultural sector in the system of sustainable development is due to the combination of pragmatic challenges of modernity, scientific and methodological needs and strategic priorities of national development. The development of theoretical and methodological principles in this area is of significant importance for ensuring stability, adaptability and sustainable development of the agricultural sector in conditions of constant changes in the external environment. The subject of the study is the theoretical and methodological aspects of forming a system of management of economic security of the agricultural sector of the economy. The methodological basis is a comprehensive approach that combines general scientific and special research methods: dialectical and scientific-theoretical methods – to determine the essence of the category of economic security and the formation of theoretical generalizations, abstract-logical method – to systematize knowledge and formulate conceptual provisions. In the process of research, a systematic approach was applied to the analysis of the structure of economic security of the agricultural sector, which allows us to consider the system as a single holistic formation taking into account the interrelationships of its components. To determine the relationships between the elements of the system, structural-logical modeling methods were used, which ensure the formalization of complex processes and their systematization. The information base is the scientific works of domestic and foreign authors, as well as the results of our own empirical research. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical and methodological principles for the formation of an effective system for managing the economic security of the agricultural sector, which ensures the stability and competitiveness of enterprises in dynamic environmental conditions. The formation of an effective system for managing the economic security of the agricultural sector requires a comprehensive approach that integrates organizational, economic, informational and social components. Ensuring the economic security of the agricultural sector in the face of modern challenges, in particular military, economic, climatic and social, is a complex multifactorial process. The prerequisites for this process are formed on the basis of the interaction of state, market and institutional factors that ensure the stability, sustainability and development of the agricultural sector in the long term. According to the author of the article, the economic security of the agricultural sector is an integrated system for ensuring the stable, effective and sustainable functioning of agricultural enterprises and the industry as a whole, based on the balanced use of economic, social, environmental and technological resources, the ability to adapt to internal and external threats, as well as the implementation of sustainable development strategies that guarantee food security, competitiveness and long-term viability of the agricultural sector in the context of global transformations. A systematic and comprehensive approach to determining the economic security of the agricultural sector, which takes into account both internal and external factors, as well as the integration of the principles of sustainable development, is key to the formation of effective management mechanisms and ensuring the stability of agricultural production in modern conditions. The functions of managing the economic security of the agricultural sector include: forecasting and identifying threats; planning security measures; organizing and coordinating management actions; monitoring and controlling the state of security; analyzing the effectiveness of the implemented measures; implementing preventive and reactive actions; information support for management. The implementation of these functions provides a comprehensive, systematic and adaptive approach to protecting agricultural enterprises from various risks, which contributes to their stable development and competitiveness. The system of economic security management of the agricultural sector is a multi-level, integrated structure that combines methods, tools, levers and support for achieving sustainable development, stability and protection of agricultural enterprises from various threats. It covers both economic and social, technological, legal and information aspects, which makes it a key element of agricultural sector management in modern conditions.
The rise of digital trends and information technology brings new opportunities and challenges for SMEs. The use of digital technology is important for company growth, but SMEs often struggle to adopt it due to a lack of understanding of digital literacy. In the era of digitalization, businesses need to choose and make optimal use of digital technology, such as the SiBakul Jogja application that can expand markets and accelerate business development. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method with 69 respondents and applies the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) which considers aspects of usability and ease of use of the SiBakul Jogja application. Meanwhile, external variables such as user attitude, user interest, and actual use were also added for digital technology in general. The results of the TAM analysis show the level of acceptance of business actors towards SiBakul Jogja technology and help formulate strategies to increase the adoption of digital technology.
The purpose of the study is to deepen the theoretical and methodological foundations and improve the practical recommendations regarding the financial management of companies in modern economic conditions. Results. Thus, it can be argued that modern crisis management of enterprises should be preventive in nature and be carried out in anticipation of negative crisis phenomena that lead to a loss of financial stability and solvency. According to the authors, the changing market environment creates an objective need to consider crisis management not as a one-time problem-oriented action, but as a continuous process, since it is known that it is easier to prevent a problem than to eliminate its consequences. It is evident that the practical implementation of management decisions necessitates the availability of appropriate sources of funding. These can be mobilised through the effective functioning of the financial mechanism, which comprises financial methods, financial levers, regulatory and information support. The efficacy of crisis management in enterprises hinges on the sufficiency of financial resources, which in turn depends on the selection of an appropriate method and instrument. Hence, the issue of optimal choice and feasibility of using financial methods in the context of crisis management of enterprise is a promising area for further research. The economic performance of the private company (PС) for the period 2021-2023 is positive, with an acceptable level of profitability. There is a threat of financial risk for the PС due to an increase in the amount of funds raised. At the same time, equity's manoeuvrability is increasing, indicating effective management of financial flows. Despite certain downward trends in the financial condition, the company has a significant margin of safety due to the fact that fixed costs are 21% or more. It follows that the main objective of financial management is to ensure growth in net income and profit, which can be achieved by increasing the production of veterinary drugs, growing sales of feed additives and providing services. Consequently, the most pressing objective of financial management at PC "O.L.KAR.-AgroZooVet-Service" is to enhance revenue generation and align financial flows. Methodology. The article develops methods of financial management of an enterprise, which envisage identification, analysis and development of models of anti-crisis management. Value / Originality. The management of the enterprise of wholesale trade in intermediate products is currently considered one of the most important and complex areas of activity and requires detailed consideration from the point of view of financial activity. The results of financial activity of PC "О.L.KAR.-AgroZooVet-Service" prove its efficiency. However, there is a clear tendency towards a certain complication of the efficiency of work, which is mainly connected with the influence of military events, the crisis state of the economy in general, the divergence of the trends in the price of the company's products and its costs, and fluctuations in the exchange rate. At the same time, the management of the PC conducts a financial policy aimed at development, accumulating profits in its capital and providing the necessary funds for the development of the company's fixed assets. Therefore, measures of anti-crisis management of the enterprise are proposed after calculating the bankruptcy model of the enterprise. Prospects for further research are related to the development of optimal solutions for managing the finances of business entities in Ukraine. Summing up the above, it can be noted that during the analysed period, the financial condition of a private enterprise did not deteriorate significantly: the company makes profits, but the indicators of financial stability and solvency attract special attention. Guided by these instructions and instructions for increasing the level of financial stability and improving financial management, PC "О.L.KAR.-AgroZooVet-Service" will maintain a stable and competitive level of financial and social activity on the market under proper financial management under the management, even in difficult times of martial law in Ukraine.
Muhammad Naufa Anwar, Riccardo Hartoyo, I Dewa Gede Sandhikarana
et al.
Background: Cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, pose significant health challenges globally. Physical activity has long been recognized as a modifiable factor that can influence various aspects of cardiovascular health, including blood pressure. However, the relationship between physical activity and blood pressure is complex and can be influenced by various factors such as cultural and regional differences.
Aims: The primary objective of this research was to examine the association between physical activity and blood pressure using a quasi-experimental design.
Methods: This study utilized a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-test post-test approach. The sample was selected using a total sampling technique. The independent and dependent variables in this research were physical activity and blood pressure. Data collection instruments employed in this study consisted of observation sheets, an aneroid sphygmomanometer, and a stethoscope. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test.
Results: This study showed that there was an association between physical activity and blood pressure.
Conclusion: this research sheds light on the relationship between physical activity and blood pressure. The findings underscore the importance of considering cultural and regional factors in designing health interventions.
Received: 20 November 2023, Reviewed: 21 November 2023, Revised: 14 March 2024, Accepted: 03 April 2024.
Smaraki Pattanayak, Biswajeet Pattanayak, Phalgu Niranjana
et al.
MSMEs are micro, small and medium enterprises which are contributing significantly to India’s total GDP. In fact, it is the growth engine of Indian economy which generates highest employments. This study attempts (a) to understand the importance of psychological contract (PC) in small and medium enterprises (SMEs), (b) to assess the extent to which organisational culture dimensions and happiness contribute in determining PC in SMEs. Three standardised questionnaires namely Organisational Culture: OCTAPACE Profile, Psychological Contract Scale and The Oxford Happiness Scale have been used to collect the data. Four hundred samples have been drawn from different SMEs. The statistics used is multiple regression analysis to analyse the data and interpret the results. The study has thrown many interesting results. The present research findings show that PC is the function of happiness and organisational culture dimensions. It is found that the dimensions of culture namely trust, collaboration and pro-action have come out to be the most promising influencers to PC along with happiness. Numerous studies have identified a strong linkage between PCs, organisational performance and productivity. Based on the findings organisation development (OD) and behavioural intervention strategies are suggested to enhance PC in SMEs.
From time to time, transparency and accountability in universities have grown wider and encourage universities to make quality reports that are free from fraud. This study examines the role of internal audit in detecting and preventing fraud in universities from a literature and empirical review side based on the existing literature and supported by empirical data generated from previous research. Data collection techniques were carried out by searching for relevant articles through databases on Emerald, Springer, and Google Scholar by emphasizing keywords related to the theme. The study results show that an empirically internal audit is needed to detect and prevent university fraud. Internal audits must assist universities in implementing effective controls by assessing effectiveness and efficiency and urging universities to make continuous improvements. Internal audit helps universities achieve their goals by designing, evaluating, and improving risk management, university governance procedures, and the effectiveness of university controls. Internal audit in universities also serves as a supervisor in preventing and detecting fraudulent activities. The implications of this study are expected to be used as evaluation material to maximize the role of internal audits in universities so that they can detect and prevent fraud.
Economics as a science, Management of special enterprises
Khadijeh Khermandar, Mohsen Hosseinalizadeh, Ali Mahdavi
et al.
Soil contamination by heavy metals is a significant environmental problem worldwide. Human activities, including mining, are a source of pollution to natural resources. In this study, the phytoremediation potential of rangeland species including, Artemisia sieberi Besser, Zygophyllum atriplicoides Fisch. and C.A. Mey for the absorption of heavy metals of Ni, Co, As, Cr and V was investigated around the bauxite crusher of the Jajarm alumina mine in the direction of the prevailing wind. Soil sampling was performed at the distances of 450-700, 800-1200, 1400-2000 and 2500-5000 meters from the center of the bauxite crusher, and the control site. For this purpose, the seeds were planted in pots with a 3:1:1 ratio of sand, fertilizer and soil. Two-months later, they were transferred to pots with soils sampled from target distances. After completing of a vegetative period, the phytoremediation potential of the species was performed a factorial experiment in a completely randomized block design with three replications in greenhouse conditions. Results indicated that As, Ni, Cr, and Co absorption in above/underground of A. sieberi tissues were higher than Z. atriplicoides. But V absorption in above/underground of Z. atriplicoides tissues were higher than that for A. sieberi and between the vanadium accumulation in the aerial and underground organs of the target species and distances a significant difference was observed at the level of 1%. The amount of heavy metals transfer factor for A. sieberi and Z. atriplicoides was more and less than one in turn. Therefore, in terms of the transfer factor, A. sieberi has a potential for phyto-extraction and Z. atriplicoides has a potential for phyto-stabilization. The results also showed that A. sieberi and Z. atriplicoides were recognized as hyper-accumulating of nickel and cobalt metals. These species can therefore be recommended for the ecological restoration of soils polluted by heavy metals, especially nickel and cobalt in similar regions.
In the digital age, many companies intend to expand to foreign countries. Nevertheless, the internationalization strategy of platform firms is distinct from that of traditional manufacturing firms to some extent, as the former provides digital products, and the latter offers physical products. This paper explained various internationalization strategies between both types of enterprises based on the OLI Framework. By analyzing the cases of Adesemi and Celtel, a case study approach was employed, where Adesemi is a traditional manufacturing firm that deals with the sale of public telephones, while Celtel is a platform firm that deals with the sale of mobile packages. It compared both companies in the same industry that expanded to the same region and country and adopted different strategies. Eventually, the conclusion was made. While determining their internationalization strategies, platform firms have fewer restrictions than traditional production-based firms. Consequently, platform firms are more inclined to adopt a greenfield mode of entry. In contrast, traditional manufacturing firms are more inclined to pursue a more prudent internationalization strategy, namely selecting a host country or entering the market by means of joint ventures or acquisitions. This study has significance for platform firms and traditional production-based firms with the ambition of internationalization, as it can be the reference for these companies to select proper internationalization strategies during their expansion overseas.
Introducing the results of innovative activity into economic circulation is one of the essential characteristics of an effective industrial enterprise. Commercializing intellectual property objects involves coordinated production and commercial activity, adopting and implementing scientifically based decisions. This is necessary to successfully pass an intellectual product through all stages of its life cycle.The purpose of this study is to form market processes for commercializing intellectual property objects at industrial enterprises, finding the most effective option for their introduction into economic circulation.The theoretical investigation of the problem made it possible to identify and analyze various possible conceptual approaches to commercializing intellectual property in an industrial enterprise. Among them are market push, market pull, engineering, and reengineering commercialization models.Separate stages of forming the market model for commercializing intellectual property in an industrial enterprise are highlighted. First, the methodological principles of the vertical, horizontal, and vertical-horizontal market processes of intellectual property commercialization have been developed. The peculiarities of an intellectual product’s life cycle are determined; based on this, a market model of intellectual property’s life cycle (model of successive changes) is proposed. Finally, for each of the proposed market processes, the main advantages and disadvantages of their practical use are determined, as well as the areas of their most effective usage.
Purpose: The purpose of this research was to identify and prioritize the multiple roles of the government in the process of privatization of sports.Methods:The current research is of mixed type (qualitative and quantitative) and in terms of practical purpose and data collection method, it was field. The data collection tool in the qualitative part of the research was a semi-structured interview, and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire (taken from the qualitative results, Reliability α=0.794 ). The research sample was selected from experts in sports management, economics, politics, management and people familiar with privatization issues in a targeted way(N=220). Friedman's test was used to rank the roles of the government in the privatization of sports. All statistical analyzes were performed by Excel and SPSS 23.Results: In general, 74 components, 18 dimensions and 5 variables were identified. Among the five identified roles, the role of drafting regulations with an average of 3.38 in the first priority, the political role with an average of 3.17 in the second priority, the managerial-executive role with an average of 3.05 in the third priority, the economic role with an average of 2.76 in the fourth priority and the cultural role ranked fifth with an average of 2.63.Conclusion: According to the results, it is suggested that the government take into account the multiple roles identified and the priority level of each of them by creating a specialized department for the privatization of sports within the structure of the Ministry of Sports.
Mahbobe Abedi, farzam Farzan, morteza dosti
et al.
Introduction: In recent years, awareness of sustainable tourism has increased around the world. Many tourism industries combine sport to attract more customers to facilitate economic development and promote local culture (Yang et al., 2020). Sports tourism is becoming a huge and independent industry in the world. Beaches and sea-related areas with various purposes such as swimming, boating, diving, and other water activities and recreation are the main attractions in many parts. These attractions can attract both groups of tourists with a general tendency to look for rest and recreation and special tourists looking for activities such as fishing, diving, and jet skiing (Sanaei, 2017: 80). However, research has shown that the mere presence of strong attractions (attractive factors) to participate in an event does not guarantee attendance at that event; deterrents can affect the presence of the event more strongly (Hematinezhad, 2017: 85). Therefore, the researcher decided to study the obstacles and barriers to the development of water-beach sports tourism.Materials and Methods: The method of the present study is mixed (qualitative-quantitative) and in the form of exploratory-consecutive mixed design. The statistical population of the research, in the qualitative field of professors in the field of sports science and tourism, experts in the field of tourism and cultural heritage, active tourism institutions and agencies, sports experts of the federation and water sports delegations and in the quantitative field of customers of Mazandaran coasts, Gilan, Hormozgan and Kish Island in the summer of 1396. the researcher-made questionnaire was designed based on the five-point Likert scale to collect information. The questionnaire was developed from two parts of demographic characteristics that included 8 questions, and the main part contained 31 questions and 4 variables. After that, to confirm the validity, the questionnaire was given to tourism and sports sciences professors. After confirming the validity, the questionnaire was distributed among beach customers. The number of samples according to the Morgan table in the statistical population was 384 people. (Hormozgan province and Kish island) was selected from the southern coast of the country. Questionnaires were randomly distributed among customers. Finally, 600 questionnaires were analyzed. A questionnaire was given to 10 professors of sports science and tourism professors who had at least one published article in sports tourism and related to the research topic and were experts in this field to assess the face and content validity of the research. For determining the internal reliability of the questions, Cronbach's alpha reliability technique was used. First, 50 questionnaires were distributed with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.89, based on which the questions had acceptable reliability to test the collected information. The normality of the data was checked to analyze the information for each of the factors affecting the tourism of water-beach sports using skewness and elongation. After ensuring this, the identification of indicators related to each element was an exploratory factor analysis method. The structural equation method was used through SPSS and Amos software To estimate the research model. Discussion and Results: The model fitting is suitable for extracting relationships between variables. All paths were statistically significant and had coefficients higher than 0.5. The factor burden of the components related to deterrents is the importance of the infrastructure dimension (1.07), socio-cultural dimension (1.00), economic dimension (1.00), and legal-political dimension (0.95), respectively. It can also be seen in Table (3) that all routes had a positive effect on inhibitory factors.Conclusions: In examining the effect of items related to the deterrent factor in the development of water sports tourism, the results of the structural equation model showed that 4 variables with 31 items including 1) socio-cultural (6 items); 2) infrastructure (5 items); 3) Legislative and political (10 items); 4) Economical (6 items) that had an acceptable operating load, and items 7B, 8B, 9B, 13B, 15B in the Exploratory analysis agents with an operating load of less than 0.5 were eliminated. Among the variables of deterrents, the infrastructure dimension (1.07), socio-cultural dimension (1.00), economic dimension (1.00), and legal-political dimension (0.95) were more important, respectively.Socio-cultural barriers include destructive environmental effects for coastal areas, lack of attention to the passage of tourists' personal vehicles in the coastal zone, noise pollution due to the presence of tourists, lack of system Sewage from beachfront beaches, the lack of special places for women to enjoy water recreation, the lack of special family swimming areas and the creation of cultural problems caused by mixed swimming between men and women were mentioned. According to the research results, it is suggested that special places be considered for women to use water sports recreation. Also, serious violations should be dealt with the violators of the construction in the shores area, and monitoring should be done on the discharge of the sewage of the buildings around the sea to prevent the pollution of the seawater. For the well-being of tourists, special places should be considered for renting recreational and beach activities such as motorcycling, car riding, horse riding, cycling, etc. Findings of the study regarding the effect of the infrastructure component of deterrents in water sports tourism with the conclusions from Garavand et al. (2013) Lack of standard sports and recreational facilities, the most important obstacles of sports tourists. Veicy and Mehmandoost (2015) studies stated that underlying factors significantly affect the lack of tourism development in Iran. Mirzazadeh and Abdolmaleki (2016) stated that obstacles and problems of infrastructure and places have a significant role in developing sports tourism in Mashhad. Sanaei (2017) concluded that infrastructural barriers are one of the most important obstacles to the development of water sports. Therefore, the dimension of infrastructure as one of the main elements of obstacles with the highest factor load (1.07) in water sports tourism has been studied in the present study.Among the issues raised in the legal-political factor is the lack of a law on dealing with offenders in swimming areas, the lack of transparency of the main custodian of the seashores in the law, the mistreatment of police officers by tourists, the mistreatment of lifeguards With tourists, mistreatment of local communities with tourists, problems such as traffic, inflation, and environmental pollution caused by overcrowding, lack of security and tranquility of tourists on the beaches, lack of motivation and inability of officials to attract He pointed out the effectiveness of beach tourism, the seasonality of tourism in some coastal areas of the country, the lack of support from officials for investors and sports tourism projects. Given that security, tranquility, and tourism are directly related, tourists are looking for a place to enjoy and relax and get away from the worries of everyday life. Therefore, it requires the relevant bodies to have the necessary coordination on tourism and security. It is recommended that beaches be privatized for a long period of at least 5 years or more.Among the issues raised in the economic factor can be the lack of sustainable employment in all seasons in coastal areas, high prices and false price increases due to the presence of tourists, high prices compared to the quality of services provided to tourists, high costs of some Beach recreation such as diving, fishing, etc., lack of funding for advertising, media, and virtual advertising to introduce the country's beach recreational attractions worldwide, lack of funding for local information to present water sports facilities in coastal areas Cited. It is suggested that by providing facilities such as tax incentives, low-interest loans, and land privatization for the construction of hotels and restaurants, water parks and shopping malls, and other service industries, a step towards job creation. , Economic prosperity, and control over inflation levels of host communities be removed. Also, the financial benefits of hosting sports competitions and festivals should be directed to the use of the host communities. Provide the ground for cooperation and entry of natives to invest in this field. Because when the mutual benefit of indigenous peoples and tourists is considered, and indigenous peoples consider themselves beneficiaries, they are expected to make more efforts in its sustainable development. Budgets should be considered for advertising and introducing water-beach sports attractions.
Management. Industrial management, Management of special enterprises
Abbas Naghizadeh-Baghi, Masoud Imanzadeh, Mitra Lalfam
et al.
Purpose: Gymnasiums need to identify and strengthen the factors influencing customer attraction to grow and survive. Examining and recognizing the factors that lead to attracting people to such places is important in sports management. The purpose of this study was to identify and classify the factors affecting the selection of women's gymnasium using factor analysis method.Methods: The research method is applied and the main strategy of the research is a mixed-method and it was implemented in the field. The statistical population of the study includes all customers of Ardabil women's gyms. Using the Cochran's formula, the sample size was 384 people and the random sampling method was used to select the sample units. The measuring tools included interviews and questionnaires. Participants were selected using purposeful sampling for the interview and theoretical saturation was reached when the number of participants reached 12. Open coding was performed using MAXQDA12 software and a research questionnaire was developed using 44 codes. The data were analyzed by SPSS26 software using Exploratory Factor Analysis test.Results: The results showed that 44 final characteristics affecting the selection of the gym were factorized into 8 factors by factor analysis and these factors explain 67% of the total variance.Conclusion: Factors influencing the selection of women's gymnasiums in order of priority include Physical Evidence, process, Place, price, product, People, Promotion and Privacy.
The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of organisational level factors (management support, dynamic environment and organisational culture), personal level factors (personal effectiveness, locus of control) and interpersonal level factors (transactional styles and conflict management styles) on employee performance. The study also examines the interrelation between organisational, personal and interpersonal factors. In this study, organisational, personal and interpersonal level factors are included in a single model using data from small- and medium-scale enterprises. The structural equation modelling is used to examine the proposed model describing the relationship between employee performance and three-level factors. The results of this study indicate that management support and personal effectiveness have the strongest impacts (direct and indirect) on employee performance, while locus of control and transactional styles directly affect job performance. Overall 29% (first-level analysis) and 38% (second-level analysis) of employee performance (EP) variance can be explained. The findings of this study have implications for practitioners, academicians and policy makers for effective decision making as organisations are facing intense competition for survival and sustenance in the turbulent business environments. The employee performance is considered one of the important factors and there is a need to identify the factors affecting the performance of employees.
The article considers the document Foundations of the State Youth Policy and its implementation in the Russian regions. This analysis allowed the authors to show that the document provides neither a political strategy nor effective management measures. The authors present the results of the analysis of the youth policy implemented by government agencies online - on the websites of regional administrations and in the social network VKontakte. The websites do not provide any current information, while the social network, on the contrary, is quite effective. The article describes the perception of the state youth policy by regions and local communities based on the empirical research conducted in 2018-2019 in 7 regions of the Russian Federation - the Tver, Kursk, Pskov, Astrakhan, Rostov, Moscow Regions and the Republic of Karelia. The main methods of data collection were in-depth interviews and focus groups (43 interviews and 26 focus groups). Respondents represented regional and municipal administrations, including departments of the youth policy, local enterprises - industrial, commercial, hotels, etc., health and education organizations, cultural institutions and youth groups. There were also focus groups with the youth: 3 groups with university students and 3 groups with students of special secondary institutions. The article shows inefficiency of the two poles approach - when the state aims at supporting the talented youth and the most vulnerable groups (orphans, children from dysfunctional families, etc.). Such an approach excludes from the policy and public discourse the middle youth that needs but lacks rather participation in the life of the country than financial support. Today only the forum campaign is implemented, in which the youth are happy to participate, but this campaign cannot strengthen the youths social role. Thus, there is still no system youth policy in Russia.
Mohammadjavad Abbasi, Jila Sajjadi, Ali Abdollahi
et al.
The purpose of this study was to explain the factors affecting the development of rural tourism entrepreneurship. The research method is descriptive-exploratory and the main tool for data collection is a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population consisted of 174 entrepreneurs and business owners in rural tourism entrepreneurship in the country. SPSS and pls software were used for structural equation modeling. Based on the results of the analysis of the effect of the independent variables present on the development of rural tourism entrepreneurship; from the viewpoints of the respondents, the dimension of improvement and attention to the specific environmental context and characteristics of the rural manpower among the three macro dimensions have the highest importance with 0.40 and then From then on, the macro-institutional structure of the Rural Tourism Entrepreneurship with a significance of 0.35 is significant and the results show that the conceptual model and its relationships are significant.
Management. Industrial management, Management of special enterprises
This research paper is intended to study the performance of micro and small enterprises and the financial planning practices adopted by these enterprises. Financial planning means enabling the enterprise to have the right amount of capital in order that the business operations would not get affected. The businesses must first ascertain the financial objectives of the firm to formulate the policies relating to borrowing and lending, cash control, cash management, inventory management, and credit risk management and other financial activities. The present study is an analytical study and a random sampling technique is used. For the purpose of the study Hyderabad district is chosen and a sample size of 120 micro and small enterprises was taken. The statistical tools used for this study are Spearman Rank correlation, KMO Bartlett’s test and Factor analysis. The results of factor analysis gave two factors to ten variables—Important Aspects of Corporate Taxes (IACT) and Recording Transactions and Credit policy (RTCP).
Mehdi Basakha, Seyed Mahmood Hosseini Amiri, Saloumeh Rouhinezhad
The purpose of this empirical study is an investigation of the effect of the economy of tourism experience in the countryside and rural areas of Ramsar and Chalous on place attachment and behavioral intentions through pleasant feelings and positive memories of tourists. This exploratory-descriptive research is of survey type, in which the main tool of data collection is a questionnaire. 184 questionnaires were distributed by available sampling methods in the spring and summer of 2017 among tourists and visitors of the villages and countryside of Chalous and Ramsar in the Northern part of Iran. To analyze the research data, 171 questionnaires were selected and structural equation modeling was used. Research findings show that "The economy of the rural tourism experience has a meaningful relationship with pleasant excitement", "The pleasant excitement derived from experience has a meaningful relationship with memories", and "pleasant excitement has no meaningful relationship with behavioral intentions of tourists”. Therefore, experience economy affects place attachment and, ultimately, the behavioral intentions of the tourists. This research can also guide future researchers towards managerial concepts in the tourism industry, in particular, rural tourism, removing limitations and ultimately provide constructive solutions and suggestions to relevant organizations and centers.
Management. Industrial management, Management of special enterprises