Hasil untuk "Economics as a science"

V. V. Stroev, N. N. Mikhailov, I. V. Groshev et al.

The expeditionary activity in the State University of Management (hereinafter referred to as SUM) has been considered as an organizational innovation using the example of the SUM Expeditionary Corps through the prism of the modern model of youth and educational tourism and the model of modern youth participation. In this context, the university’s expeditionary activity acts not only as an organizational innovation, but also as a valuepedagogical model demonstrating how modern university is able to combine education, upbringing, and digital communication into a single system of educating a responsible citizen. Methodologically, youth educational tourism is characterized by a value-educational and cognitive orientation, implementing the learning by action principle and combining cognitive, value, and activity components of education. The activity and value-pedagogical models of the Expeditionary Corps realize such interrelated functions as integration, educational, educational, and social, which in turn are integrated into a new type of university education model. These processes open up opportunities for scaling such as creating a network of interuniversity expedition centers as an element of the national model of educational tourism in Russian universities. The analysis of the SUM Expeditionary Corps institutionalization has been carried out, suggesting not only the consolidation of its status, but also the integration of expeditionary activities as organizational innovations into the academic, scientific, and educational system of the university, its development strategy, thereby strengthening the university’s reputation capital and demonstrating its innovative role in implementing state youth policy. This led to the conclusion that including the Expeditionary Corps in the university’s institutional structure creates conditions for forming a sustainable educational ecosystem that meets the modern challenges of higher education development and the objectives of state youth policy, combining science, education, and civic engagement in a single educational space with the aim of developing the individual and Russian society as a whole.

Dylan R. Clarke

L. A. Urusmambetova

Introduction. The article examines modern models of teaching regional history in the school education system.The goal is to identify possible models for the implementation of regional history in the general education system.Materials and methods. The study is based on an analysis of scientific literature to highlight modern models of teaching regional history at school. When writing the article, the modeling method was used to build models for the implementation of regional history in general education, and the deductive method was used to build options for the implementation of regional history within the framework of updated regulatory documentation. As part of the study, a comparative method was used to draw up the structure of a comprehensive and integrative approach to the implementation of regional history in school using the example of the educational course “History of Kabardino-Balkaria”.Results and discussion. In the course of the work, the absence of unified approaches to teaching regional history was discovered, for example, in the issue of regulating the time and volume that are necessary for studying regional material. This negatively affects the perception of general historical material, which necessitates the need for additional comprehensive measures in the regions to regulate the teaching of regional historical material and improve its status in the school education system. The scientific novelty of the research is the construction of a comprehensive model for the implementation of regional history in school and the development of a structure for integrating regional material on the history of Kabardino-Balkaria into the Federal work program for the academic subject “History”.Conclusion. The conducted research allows us to draw conclusions that the Federal educational programs have ample opportunities for the implementation of regional history. The constructed complex model assumes the use of single-subject and complex options for its implementation. The choice of approaches depends on the federal curriculum, which is taken as the basis for organizing the educational process at school.

Світлана Свірко, Олена Дика, Тетяна Тростенюк et al.

Завданнями цього дослідження є: категоріальне опрацювання первинної та контекстної об’єктної сфери й розвиток базових основ управління державними фінансами в межах належного врядування; їх виконання спрямоване на досягнення головної мети дослідження – подальший розвиток теоретико-методологічного базису управління державними фінансами як елемента належного врядування. У статті вмотивовано думку під управлінням державними фінансами розуміти підсистему бінарного підпорядкування, в межах якої органи державної й місцевої влади та інші інституційні одиниці, діяльність яких повністю або частково спрямована на формування, розподіл і використання централізованих і децентралізованих фондів і коштів держави, здійснюють цілеспрямований керівний вплив за допомогою комплексу засобів на сукупність елементів державних фінансів задля забезпечення належного функціонування та перманентного розвитку всіх царин життєдіяльності країни в поточній і стратегічній перспективі. Запропоновано під належним урядуванням розуміти функціонування та побудови перманентних взаємовідносин інститутів публічної влади, громадянського суспільства та людей-громадян як вільних індивідів у процесі управління політичними, економічними, соціальними та екологічними процесами демократичного суспільства задля його довготривалого сталого розвитку. На основі послідовного опрацювання орієнтира 6 «управління публічними фінансами» принципів належного врядування SIGMA (2023) запропоновано розвинути вищевказаний кластер через доповнення його принципом 33 «досягнення високого рівня бюджетної безпеки країни», в межах якого вмотивовано виокремити підпринципи: запроваджений і функціонуючий дієвий загальний механізм публічного управління бюджетною безпекою в межах чинного законодавства; сформована в контексті передових міжнародних підходів і справді реалізована методика оцінки рівня бюджетної безпеки через безперервний процес оцінювання останнього згідно з чинним національним законодавством з оприлюдненням його результатів; здійснюється першочергове врахування результатів оцінювання бюджетної безпеки в процесі управління публічними фінансами, моніторинг наслідків ухвалення рішень за результатами оцінювання бюджетної безпеки та оприлюднення результатів такого моніторингу. Реалізація вказаного принципу та підпринципів дозволить підвищити платоспроможність і фінансову стійкість держави як суб’єкта мегаекономічного простору, що сприятиме прискоренню інтеграції нашої країни й до ЄС, і до НАТО.

Mark Colas, Emmett Reynier

Olga Pakova, Anton Khasanov

The article considers topical issues of the functioning of the European market in a globalizing economy. The notion of «Euromarket», considers the types of transactions and loans in the Euromarket, the participants and direction of development. Identified major changes in operations on the Euromarket in the context of globalization, a share of participation of Bank of Russia and the national banks, the necessity of increase of efficiency offunctioning of the financial market in order to strengthen the international economic relations and increasing the volume of international trade in inancial instruments.

Sidi Mohammed Chekouri, Abderrahim Chibi, Mohamed Benbouziane

Abstract The Central Bank of Algeria has announced a managed float of the Algerian dinar since 1994. Yet, there are some substantial differences between various de facto classifications of Algeria’s exchange rate regime. This study looks into the exchange rate regime of Algeria, aiming to identify de facto regime. To identify the implicit basket weights for the Algerian dinar, first the OLS rolling window methodology is used to estimate the celebrated Frankel-Wei regression. Then, the wavelet-based methods are applied to study the co-movement patterns of the exchange rates of the Algerian dinar, US dollar, and Euro. In the main, the OLS rolling window results show that the US dollar and the Euro are the currencies with the most influence over the Algerian dinar. Further, from the Wavelet Multiple Correlation (WMC) results, the US dollar is identified as the potential leader in the implicit basket for the Algerian dinar. Additionally, from the Wavelet Local Multiple Correlation (WLMC) results, it is found that the Algerian DZD, US dollar, and Euro are highly correlated, with a correlation value around 0.90 for most of the time scales. Based on the results obtained, we suggest that Algeria’s exchange rate regime could be a crawling peg and band around the US dollar and Euro.

Rina Maulidah, Haura Atthahara, Kariena Febriantin

Abstract Trading activities are increasing rapidly in society, particularly in the age of globalization, and everything is becoming easier as technology advances. This also has an impact on community trading activities, which no longer take place conventionally but only through internet-connected mobile phones; this type of trade is commonly referred to as e-commerce. The benefits of buying and selling transactions are numerous, but with the availability of buying and selling online, it is inevitable that consumer rights will be violated. The current regulations are clearly different from how buying and selling transactions are now conducted over the internet. The goal of this research is to discover how to regulate online trading laws and regulations, as well as to solve legal problems in online trading. This study employs a qualitative approach with a normative legal approach. According to the findings of this study, e-commerce transactions are governed by Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (UU ITE), which was then amended by Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions, among other regulations. Problems in e-commerce transactions can be resolved through legal or litigation, non-litigation, or out of court. Keywords: : Online Trading; Legal protection; Consumer Abstrak Kegiatan Perdagangan meningkat pesat di masyarakat, terlebih di era globalisasi segala sesuatunya menjadi semakin mudah karena telah berkembangnya teknologi yang semakin maju. Hal itu juga berdampak pada kegiatan perdagangan di masyarakat yang tidak lagi terjadi secara konvensional melainkan hanya melalui handphone berbasis internet, jenis perdagangan ini lazim disebut sebagai e-commerce. Keuntungan dari transaksi perdagangan ini memang sangat banyak, tetapi dengan adanya perdagangan secara online tentu akan sangat berisiko kepada hak-hak bagi konsumen yang tidak dipenuhi. Peraturan yang telah ada jelas berbeda dengan cara transaksi jual-beli itu dilakukan sekarang melalui internet. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah guna mengetahui bagaimana pengaturan mengenai perdagangan online di dalam peraturan perundang-undangan dan penyelesaian masalah dalam perdagangan online secara hukum. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normative. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa transaksi e-commerce telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE) yang diperbarui dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, serta berbagai Peraturan lainnya. Mengenai penyelesaian permasalahan dalam transaksi e-commerce dapat melalui jalur hukum atau litigasi maupun non litigasi atau jalur diluar pengadilan.

L. Ivanenko, O. Boienko

The article the survey of representatives of Ukrainian companies and enterprises operating in the domestic market of consumer goods, industry and services are presented in the article. The purpose of the study is to determine the degree of interaction between marketing education and employers "requirements. During the study, the authors found that the key professional areas of training and training of marketers are the following: socio-economic and general-professional training; adequate level of systemic thinking; high level of information competence; understanding of relationship marketing and internet marketing; ability to make marketing decisions in an uncertain situation. According to the results of the expert research, it is established that the marketing communication function is the most developed compared to other functions performed by specialist marketers at Ukrainian enterprises. The conducted survey of employers allowed to identify the most important competence requirements put forward by stakeholders (potential employers) to graduate marketers, namely: interpersonal communication skills; responsibility; intuitive, non-standard and analytical thinking. These requirements are closely adjusted with the most important marketing tasks of companies to determine the needs of customers, their satisfaction, as well as data analysis and evaluation of the competitiveness of products. Based on the research, the authors proposed a model of professional activity of a marketer, consisting of three levels: operational (execution of current marketing tasks), analytical (research of the external and internal environment of the enterprise) and productive (adoption of new innovative marketing decisions). Knowledge of the main provisions of the presented model will flexibly change and optimally improve the structure of the educational marketing program, taking into account all the accreditation and licensing requirements of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine to the graduation department in the future

Stuart Gabriel, Gary Painter

Nikša Alfirević, Boštjan Aver, Mihone Kerolli Mustafa

This is an editorial to the Special issue of Management - Journal of Contemporary Management Issues, dedicated to novel coronavirus-related crisis and crisis management. Guest editors for this special issue are Boštjan Aver (GEA College, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, Ljubljana, Slovenia) and Mihone Kerolli-Mustafa (International Business College, Mitrovica, Kosovo).

LHCb collaboration, R. Aaij, C. Abellán Beteta et al.

The first observation of exotic states with a new quark content $c \bar{c} u \bar{s}$ decaying to the $J/ψK^+$ final state is reported with high significance from an amplitude analysis of the $B^+ \to J/ψφK^+$ decay. The analysis is carried out using proton-proton collision data corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb$^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV. The most significant state, $Z_{cs}(4000)^+$, has a mass of $4003\pm6\,^{+\,\phantom{0}4}_{-\,14}$ MeV, a width of $131\pm15\pm26$ MeV, and spin-parity $J^P=1^+$, where the quoted uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. A new $1^+$ $X(4685)$ state decaying to the $J/ψφ$ final state is also observed with high significance. In addition, the four previously reported $J/ψφ$ states are confirmed and two more exotic states, $Z_{cs}(4220)^+$ and $X(4630)$, are observed with significance exceeding five standard deviations.

LHCb collaboration, R. Aaij, C. Abellán Beteta et al.

The $\varLambda^0_b \to \varLambda^+_c K^+ K^- π^-$ decay is observed for the first time using a data sample of proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}=7$ and 8 $\rm{TeV}$ collected by the $\mbox{LHCb}$ detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $3{\rm{fb}^{-1}}$. The ratio of branching fractions between the $\varLambda^0_b \to \varLambda^+_c K^+ K^- π^-$ and the $\varLambda^{0}_{b}\to\varLambda^{+}_{c}D^{-}_{s}$ decays is measured to be \begin{equation*} \frac{\mathcal{B} ( \varLambda^0_b \to \varLambda^+_c K^+ K^- π^-) } {\mathcal{B} ( \varLambda^0_b \to \varLambda^+_c D^-_s)} = (9.26 \pm 0.29 \pm 0.46 \pm 0.26)\times10^{-2}, \end{equation*} where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third is due to the knowledge of the $D^-_s \to K^+ K^- π^-$ branching fraction. No structure on the invariant mass distribution of the $\varLambda^+_c K^+$ system is found, consistent with no open-charm pentaquark signature.

LHCb collaboration, R. Aaij, C. Abellán Beteta et al.

A structure is observed in the $B^+K^-$ mass spectrum in a sample of proton--proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, collected with the LHCb detector and corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb${}^-1$. The structure is interpreted as the result of overlapping excited $B_s^0$ states. With high significance, a two-peak hypothesis provides a better description of the data than a single resonance. Under this hypothesis the masses and widths of the two states, assuming they decay directly to $B^+K^-$, are determined to be $m_1 = 6063.5 \pm 1.2 \text{ (stat)} \pm 0.8\text{ (syst) MeV},$ $Γ_1 = 26 \pm 4 \text{ (stat)} \pm 4\text{ (syst) MeV},$ $m_2 = 6114 \pm 3 \text{ (stat)} \pm 5\text{ (syst) MeV},$ $Γ_2 = 66 \pm 18 \text{ (stat)} \pm 21\text{ (syst) MeV}.$ Alternative values assuming a decay through $B^{*+}K^-$, with a missing photon from the $B^{*+} \rightarrow B^+γ$ decay, which are shifted by approximately 45 MeV are also determined. The possibility of a single state decaying in both channels is also considered. The ratio of the total production cross-section times branching fraction of the new states relative to the previously observed $B_{s2}^{*0}$ state is determined to be $0.87 \pm 0.15 \text{ (stat)} \pm 0.19 \text{ (syst)}$.

LHCb collaboration, R. Aaij, C. Abellán Beteta et al.

The first observation of the decay $B^0 \rightarrow D^0 \overline{D}{}^0 K^+ π^-$ is reported using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment in 2011, 2012 and 2016. The measurement is performed in the full kinematically allowed range of the decay outside of the $D^{*-}$ region. The ratio of the branching fraction relative to that of the control channel $B^0 \rightarrow D^{*-} D^0 K^+$ is measured to be $\mathcal{R} = (14.2 \pm 1.1 \pm 1.0)\%$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The absolute branching fraction of $B^0 \rightarrow D^0 \overline{D}{}^0 K^+ π^-$ decays is thus determined to be $\mathcal{B}(B^0 \rightarrow D^0 \overline{D}{}^0 K^+ π^-) = (3.50 \pm 0.27 \pm 0.26 \pm 0.30) \times 10^{-4}$, where the third uncertainty is due to the branching fraction of the control channel. This decay mode is expected to provide insights to spectroscopy and the charm-loop contributions in rare semileptonic decays.

LHCb collaboration, R. Aaij, C. Abellán Beteta et al.

This paper presents an analysis of the $Λ^0_b\rightarrow J/ψΛ$ angular distribution and the transverse production polarisation of $Λ^0_b$ baryons in proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV. The measurements are performed using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 fb$^{-1}$, collected with the LHCb experiment. The polarisation is determined in a fiducial region of $Λ^0_b$ transverse momentum and pseudorapidity of $1 < p_{T} < 20$ GeV$/c$ and $2 < η< 5$, respectively. The data are consistent with $Λ^0_b$ baryons being produced unpolarised in this region. The parity-violating asymmetry parameter of the $Λ\rightarrow pπ^-$ decay is also determined from the data and its value is found to be consistent with a recent measurement by the BES\,III collaboration.

LHCb collaboration, R. Aaij, C. Abellán Beteta et al.

The first observation of the suppressed semileptonic $B_s^0 \to K^-μ^+ν_μ$ decay is reported. Using a data sample recorded in {\it pp} collisions in 2012 with the LHCb detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$, the branching fraction \mbox{$\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \to K^-μ^+ν_μ)$} is measured to be $(1.06\pm0.05~(\mathrm{stat})\pm0.08~(\mathrm{syst}))\times 10^{-4}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second one represents the combined systematic uncertainties. The decay $B_s^0 \to D_s^-μ^+ν_μ$, where $D_s^-$ is reconstructed in the final state $K^+K^-π^-$, is used as a normalization channel to minimize the experimental systematic uncertainty. Theoretical calculations on the form factors of the $B_s^0 \to K^-$ and $B_s^0 \to D_s^-$ transitions are employed to determine the ratio of the CKM matrix elements ${|V_{ub}|}/{|V_{cb}|}$ at low and high $B_s^0 \to K^-$ momentum transfer.

LHCb collaboration, R. Aaij, C. Abellán Beteta et al.

The decays $B^0_s \rightarrow J/ψπ^+π^- K^+ K^-$ are studied using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9fb$^{-1}$, collected with the LHCb detector in proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13TeV. The decays $B^0_s \rightarrow J/ψK^{\ast0} \bar{K}^{\ast0}$ and $B^0_s \rightarrow χ_{c1}(3872)K^+K^-$, where the $K^+K^-$ pair does not originate from a $φ$ meson, are observed for the first time. Precise measurements of the ratios of branching fractions between intermediate $χ_{c1}(3872)φ$, $J/ψK^{\ast0}\bar{K}^{\ast0}$, $ψ(2S)φ$ and $χ_{c1}(3872)K^+K^-$ states are reported. A structure, denoted as $X(4740)$, is observed in the $J/ψφ$ mass spectrum and, assuming a Breit-Wigner parameterisation, its mass and width are determined to be \begin{eqnarray*} m_{X(4740)} & = & 4741 \pm 6 \pm 6\,{\mathrm{MeV}}/c^2 \,, \\ Γ_{X(4740)} & = & 53 \pm 15 \pm 11\,{\mathrm{MeV}} \,, \end{eqnarray*} where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. In addition, the most precise single measurement of the mass of the $B^0_s$ meson is performed and gives a value of $$ m_{B^0_s} = 5366.98 \pm 0.07 \pm 0.13\,{\mathrm{MeV}}/c^2\,. $$

LHCb collaboration, R. Aaij, C. Abellán Beteta et al.

Using $pp$ collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $5.4\,{\rm fb}^{-1}$ collected with the LHCb detector at a center-of-mass energy of $13\,{\rm TeV}$, the $B^0\to D^-D^+K^+π^-$ decay is studied. A new excited $D_s^+$ meson is observed decaying into the $D^+K^+π^-$ final state with large statistical significance. The pole mass and width, and the spin-parity of the new state are measured with an amplitude analysis to be $m_R=2591\pm6\pm7\,{\rm MeV}$, $Γ_R=89\pm16\pm12\,{\rm MeV}$ and $J^P=0^-$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. Fit fractions for all components in the amplitude analysis are also reported. The new resonance, denoted as $D_{s0}(2590)^+$, is a strong candidate to be the $D_s(2^1{S}_0)^+$ state, the radial excitation of the pseudoscalar ground-state $D_s^+$ meson.

LHCb collaboration, R. Aaij, C. Abellán Beteta et al.

We present an angular analysis of the $B^{+}\rightarrow K^{\ast+}(\rightarrow K_{S}^{0}π^{+})μ^{+}μ^{-}$ decay using 9$\,\mbox{fb}^{-1}$ of $pp$ collision data collected with the LHCb experiment. For the first time, the full set of CP-averaged angular observables is measured in intervals of the dimuon invariant mass squared. Local deviations from Standard Model predictions are observed, similar to those in previous LHCb analyses of the isospin-partner $B^{0}\rightarrow K^{\ast0}μ^{+}μ^{-}$ decay. The global tension is dependent on which effective couplings are considered and on the choice of theory nuisance parameters.