Hasil untuk "Economic growth, development, planning"

Muhammad Wasif Zafar, M. Shahbaz, Fujun Hou et al.

Abstract This study disaggregates energy, i.e. non-renewable and renewable energy consumption, and investigates its effect on economic growth. The period of 1990–2015 is used to examine Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) countries. This paper determines the cross-sectional dependence and employs a second-generation panel unit root test for precise estimation. Westerlund cointegration test is used to examine the long-run equilibrium relationship between the variables and confirm the presence of cointegration in the long run. The Continuously Updated Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (CUP-FM) approaches are applied to investigate long-term output elasticities between the variables. The results show the stimulating role of energy (renewable and nonrenewable) consumption in economic growth. Research and development expenditures and trade openness have a positive effect on economic growth. Moreover, the time series individual country analysis also confirms that renewable energy has a positive impact on economic growth. The heterogenous causality analysis reveals the feedback effect, i.e., bidirectional causal associations among economic growth, renewable energy consumption, and nonrenewable energy consumption. This empirical evidence suggests that countries should increase investment in renewable energy sectors and plan for development in renewable energy for sustainable energy growth.

Liping Qiu, Feng Hu, Shuyuan Zhang et al.

Digitalization is becoming a new driving force for green economic growth (GEG) to promote China's realization of the "dual carbon" goal and the green transformation of economic development. Using a Chinese provincial panel dataset from 2003 to 2019, we empirically test the effect and mechanism of digital empowerment for GEG from the perspective of supply and demand, paying special attention to the impact of green complexity on the relationship between the two. Benchmark regression shows that digitalization is positively empowering GEG and that green technological progress is the main driving force for digitalization to promote dynamic GEG. The mechanism test results show, from the perspective of supply and demand, that digitalization promotes GEG by improving carbon productivity and environmental protection consciousness. Furthermore, green complexity significantly moderates the promoting effect of digitalization on GEG. The heterogeneity results indicate that digitalization in the eastern and western regions has a significant promoting effect on GEG but that digitalization inhibits GEG in the central region; there is obvious regional heterogeneity. Our robustness test supports the above conclusion. This research deepens our understanding of how digitalization can promote GEG and the important role of green complexity in green growth, and the results provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for governments to formulate green growth plans.

Virgilijus Dirma, L. Neverauskienė, M. Tvaronavičienė et al.

The development of renewable energy resources significantly impacts economic growth, various aspects of which can be assessed. First, the sector contributes to job creation, as new technologies and projects require specialists in various fields, from engineering to installation. Second, investments in renewable energy drive economic growth as the private and public sectors increasingly invest in innovation and infrastructure. In addition, developing renewable energy sources can lower energy prices for consumers, increase market competition, and reduce dependence on imported resources. However, there are also challenges related to initial investment costs, technological barriers and required political support. To ensure the successful development of renewable energy sources, it is necessary to create a favorable legal and regulatory environment, as well as to promote education and training in this area. In conclusion, the development of renewable energy resources can become an important driver of economic growth but requires a balanced approach and strategic planning. This work aims to evaluate the impact of the use of renewable resources on the economy after examining theories of economic growth. The following methods are used: analysis of theoretical and practical statements, comparative analysis, and panel data analysis. The research rejects hypotheses which suggest that transitioning to renewable energy sources slows economic growth. The development and adoption of renewable energy resources are essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving air quality, and ensuring sustainable development in the European Union. Despite initial costs and the hypothesis that transitioning to renewable energy slows economic growth, research shows that renewable energy sources (RES) do not hinder growth in the long term. Instead, they drive economic growth through technological advancements, job creation, and attracting significant investments, ultimately contributing to environmental protection and energy stability.

Hiraka Haruhiro, Raktim Datta, Poonam Yadav et al.

Altermagnetic properties have been recently proposed in polar magnetic oxides, M$_{2}$Mo$_{3}$O$_{8}$ (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni), where improved characteristics of stronger magnetoelectric coupling and higher magnetic transition temperatures were observed. Thus, understanding their microscopic origins is of fundamental and technological importance. However, the difficulty in growing large single crystals hinders detailed experimental studies. Here, we report the successful growth of large single crystals of the pyroelectric antiferromagnet using two representative compounds, Fe$_{2}$Mo$_{3}$O$_{8}$ and NiZnMo$_{3}$O$_{8}$. Growth was optimized using various parameters, finding the transport agent density as a primary factor, which depends strongly on the position of the pellet, the starting powder form, and the volume of the ampule. We demonstrated a controlled growth method by manipulating the convection and diffusion kinetics. High-quality crystals were characterized by using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Laue diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, and Raman spectroscopy. Manipulation of magnetic properties through nonmagnetic Zn doping was shown in NiZnMo$_{3}$O$_{8}$. Our results enable the detailed investigation and manipulation of their unconventional altermagnetic and multiferroic properties. This study provides crucial insight into the controlled growth of other functional quantum materials.

Qian Cao, Jielin Chen, Junchao Zhao et al.

The spatial layout of urban sites shapes land-use efficiency and spatial organization. Traditional site planning often relies on experiential judgment and single-source data, limiting systematic quantification of multifunctional layouts. We propose a Site Planning Layout Indicator (SPLI) system, a data-driven framework integrating empirical knowledge with heterogeneous multi-source data to produce structured urban spatial information. The SPLI supports multimodal spatial data systems for analytics, inference, and retrieval by combining OpenStreetMap (OSM), Points of Interest (POI), building morphology, land use, and satellite imagery. It extends conventional metrics through five dimensions: (1) Hierarchical Building Function Classification, refining empirical systems into clear hierarchies; (2) Spatial Organization, quantifying seven layout patterns (e.g., symmetrical, concentric, axial-oriented); (3) Functional Diversity, transforming qualitative assessments into measurable indicators using Functional Ratio (FR) and Simpson Index (SI); (4) Accessibility to Essential Services, integrating facility distribution and transport networks for comprehensive accessibility metrics; and (5) Land Use Intensity, using Floor Area Ratio (FAR) and Building Coverage Ratio (BCR) to assess utilization efficiency. Data gaps are addressed through deep learning, including Relational Graph Neural Networks (RGNN) and Graph Neural Networks (GNN). Experiments show the SPLI improves functional classification accuracy and provides a standardized basis for automated, data-driven urban spatial analytics.

S. Ahammed, Md. Masud Rana, Helal Uddin et al.

B. Behera, Anasuya Haldar, N. Sethi

ABSTRACT The growing demand for digitalization in different economic sectors has garnered considerable attention from researchers to explore the effects of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on economic growth. In this study, we explore the direct and indirect effects of ICT on economic growth, through its interaction with institutional quality, financial development, research and development (R&D) expenditures, and foreign direct investment (FDI), for 13 emerging economies from 2000 to 2020. We find that ICT use has a significantly positive effect on economic growth. It is found that the interaction effects of ICT with financial development and R&D expenditures are favorable to economic growth, whereas ICT does not act synergistically with institutional quality and FDI. This implies that the emerging economies should increase R&D expenditures on ICT services and increase digitalization of the financial sector, along with advancing their ICT infrastructure, strengthening the institutional quality, and encouraging more FDI inflows to maintain their growth momentum. Abbreviations: ICT: nformation and Communication Technology; IMD: International Institute for Management Development; SDGs: Sustainable Development Goals; OECD: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; SAARC: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation; SSA: Sub-Saharan Africa; MNCs: Multinational Companies; MENA: Middle East and North Africa; UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; ITU: International Telecommunication Union; IIEP: International Institute for Educational Planning; MSCI: Morgan Stanley Capital International; WDI: World Development Indicator; R&D: Research and Development; FD: Financial development; FDI: Foreign Direct Investment; IUIT: Individuals Using Internet; MBCS: Mobile Cellular Subscriptions; TO: Trade Openness; IQ: Institutional Quality

Obed I. Ojonta, Jonathan E. Ogbuabor, Anthony Orji et al.

Access to credit is the desire of every developing economy as well as a coping strategy in starting up and expanding businesses. Hence, this study critically examines how access to credit responds to loan repayment by households of non-farmers in Nigeria. To achieve this purpose, some important variables like spending on transport, other business costs, salaries/wages and rent were included in the model. Other variables in the model include age and location for the households of non-farmers. The study shows that loan repayment by households of non-farmers and their place of residence are significant drivers of access to finance in  Nigeria while other characteristics of non-farmers such as spending on transport, other business costs, salaries/wages, rent and age are muted throughout.

Nicola Bariletto, Khai Nguyen, Nhat Ho

We develop an analytical synthesis that bridges data-driven Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) and Economic Decision Theory under Ambiguity (DTA). By reinterpreting standard regularization and DRO techniques as data-driven counterparts of ambiguity-averse decision models, we provide a unified framework that clarifies their intrinsic connections. Building on this synthesis, we propose a novel DRO approach that leverages a popular DTA model of smooth ambiguity-averse preferences together with tools from Bayesian nonparametric statistics. Our baseline framework employs Dirichlet Process (DP) posteriors, which naturally extend to heterogeneous data sources via Hierarchical Dirichlet Processes (HDPs), and can be further refined to induce outlier robustness through a procedure that selectively filters poorly-fitting observations during training. Theoretical performance guarantees and convergence results, together with extensive simulations and real-data experiments, illustrate the method's favorable performance in terms of prediction accuracy and stability.

D. Nawir, M. Bakri, Iif Ahmad Syarif

Road infrastructure development in a country has been considered an important predictor of economic development and prosperity. Hence applying a systematic analysis approach, this study aims to project the future role of the central government in developing road infrastructure and its significance in the country's economic growth. The main data sources were the literature review and expert opinions in the form of self-administrative surveys and interviews. Besides, the Cross-impact Direct Influence (CDI) matrix was applied to formulate the questionnaire. For the data analysis purpose, MICMAC analysis and Scenario Wizard software were used. The MICMAC analysis results revealed the dominant role of 9 important/key variables in developing the Indonesian road infrastructure. Simultaneously 24 positive states of the important variables what identified via the Scenario-Wizard Method. Findings also depicted stronger consistency among the four scenarios. Whereas Scenario 1 showed the most ideal 9 key features related to Indonesia’s road infrastructure developments with a high intensity of concentrating the efforts on planning road infrastructure development in big cities and use of smart and modern technology. Moreover, presenting a group of constructs for developing road infrastructure and resultant economic growth in the country, the current study adds value to the existing literature.

E. M. Buthelezi

Abstract This paper investigates the impact of long-run government expenditure and economic growth in different states in South Africa. Economic growth has been below the policy target of 5% stipulated in the National Development Plan Vision 2030, while government expenditure growth has been volatile but increasing at a decreasing rate. The paper uses the Vector-error correction (VEC) and Markov-switching dynamic regression with the data from 1994 to 2021. The significance of the paper is that it assesses the short and long-run impacts of government expenditure on different states of economic growth in South Africa. It is found that more government expenditure in South Africa hasn’t resulted in the nation’s economy growing, which is at odds with the Keynesian viewpoint. In both lower economic states, government expenditure reduces economic growth by 0.009% and 0.30%. The economy is expected to stay for 1 year in state 1, while it is expected to stay for 13 years in state 2. Government expenditure shocks were found to be detrimental to economic growth. It is recommended that fiscal authorities increase government expenditure in the short run rather than in the long run and monitor government expenditure.

Alnail Mohmmed, Zhihui Li, A. Arowolo et al.

Abstract This study explored the drivers of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission (million metric tons) in the top 10 emitting countries (China, United States, India, Russian Federation, Japan, Germany, South Korea, Iran, Canada, and Saudi Arabia). The logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method was used to analyse the drive of CO2 emission change pertinent to population (thousand people), per capita income, energy intensity (metric ton energy/$GDP) and carbon intensity effects (metric ton CO2/ton energy) from 1991 to 2014. Further, analysis was carried out for the impact of CO2 emitted by different sectors (Agriculture, Energy, Fugitive, Industrial, Manufacturing, Transportation and Waste), the corresponding Human Development Index (HDI) and economic growth (EG%) using the panel model. This was done along with predictions for the total CO2 emissions over the next 16 years. The general results showed that the CO2 emission change has a significant effect by population and income, especially in China and the United states. Also, there is a strong relationship between human development index, economic growth, as well as Healthy Life Expectancy (HLE) with sector CO2 emission for most of the investigated countries. The forecast of sectors CO2 emission for the year 2030, showed an increase of CO2 for all the countries, which requires a policy plan aimed at decreasing their CO2 emission for a safer environment.

Fei Wang, V. Taghvaee

Chenxi Huang, Wanyu Ren, Nudrat Fatima et al.

Within the context of promotion tournaments among local governments, the management of economic growth goals plays a crucial role in China's economic development. Despite China's rise as the second-largest economy globally, it has also emerged as the largest emitter of carbon emissions. Since the implementation of the 12th Five-Year Plan in 2011, the Chinese central government has made carbon intensity targets mandatory indicators for national economic development. This has prompted local governments to pursue low-carbon growth and adjust their economic growth targets (EGT) to comply with carbon intensity constraints. In this study, a sample of 282 prefecture-level cities in China is used to empirically examine the impact of carbon intensity constraints on total factor carbon emission efficiency (TCE) using the intensity difference-in-differences (DID) framework. The study also emphasizes the role of the transmission channel for economic growth pressure (EGP). The findings of the study reveal several key results. Firstly, the implementation of carbon intensity constraints leads to an average increase of 8.24% in total factor carbon emission efficiency (TCE), which is supported by robustness tests, parallel trend analysis, and placebo tests. Secondly, these constraints result in an average decrease of 0.1828 in local governments' economic growth targets (EGT) and a reduction of 0.1269 in economic growth pressure (EGP). Thirdly, cities with a higher proportion of secondary industry experience a more significant mitigation effect, although the promotion of provincial EGT hinders this effect. Fourthly, synergistic policies can effectively promote low-carbon development, and government expenditure on technology and marketization can facilitate a positive relationship between carbon intensity constraints and TCE. Lastly, the effects of carbon intensity constraints vary across the east, middle, and west regions, suggesting the presence of heterogeneity. The article proposes a shift in the assessment of lower governments by superior governments, from growth assessment to low-carbon growth assessment.

B. Anam, Uno Agbor Ijim, V. Ironbar et al.

Abstract Economic policies are drivers of development. The President Muhammadu Buhari-led administration in Nigeria (2015–2023) recognized that the economy is likely to remain on a path of steady and steep decline if nothing is done to change the trajectory of declining economic growth. This concern led to the initiation of the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan. The objective of the paper is to examine the experience of the Nigerian economy with the plan. This is desk research. Data are obtained from secondary sources and analyzed through content analysis. It leverages extant literature and the publication of the National Bureau of Statistics (2017), Budget Office of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (2020), and Nigeria Economic and Sustainability Plan (2020) to discuss the framework and implementation of the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan (ERGP), Economic Sustainability Plan and the National Development Plan, in Nigeria. The results of the content analysis show that certain affect the effective implementation of the economic plan. The challenges include a lack of policy continuity, weak institutions and corporate governance, and inadequate funding of policy goals, among other things. By implication, the contributions of the policies to national development have not been significant. The paper advocates the need for the present administration to support the goals of the National Development Plan, by funding the policy goals and strengthening the administrative framework of the bureaucracy for effective performance and sustainability.

Sebastián Donoso, Andreas Koutsogiannis, Wenbo Sun

We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for joint ergodicity results for systems of commuting measure preserving transformations for an iterated Hardy field function of polynomial growth. Our method builds on and improves recent techniques due to Frantzikinakis and Tsinas, who dealt with multiple ergodic averages along Hardy field functions; it also enhances an approach introduced by the authors and Ferré Moragues to study polynomial iterates. The more general expression, in which the iterate is a linear combination of a Hardy field function of polynomial growth and a tempered function, is studied as well.

Asma Jabeen, S. Khan

Zemed Degu Mengesha, L. Singh

Economic theory, empirical studies and public policy have underlined the importance of the relationship between human capital accumulation and economic growth. Several developing countries have included human capital development as an integral part of their national development plans and have devoted huge financial resources as a cornerstone to promote economic growth. The purpose of this study is to examine the long-run effects of human capital accumulation on the economic growth of a developing economy using evidence from Ethiopia. The study employed the human capital theory of economic growth and the augmented Solow-Swan model as a theoretical framework, and the ARDL bounds co-integration and error correction mechanism for parameter estimation. Time-series data, covering the period 1980/81 to 2019/20, were employed to examine the long-run relationship between economic growth and its dynamic regressors of human capital indicators. The secondary and tertiary educational attainments of the labour force and life expectancy at birth have a significant positive effect on economic growth of Ethiopia, whereas primary education attainment and adult mortality rate have an insignificant negative effect. On the other hand, physical capital accumulation has positively contributed the country’s economic growth, but trade openness and external debt adversely affect it. Thus, it is suggested that the policymakers should strengthen the country’s institutional capacity while increasing the number of healthy members of the labour force that should also be equipped with quality-based educational attainments.

Kore Marc Guei, Ireen Choga

The emergence of global value chains (GVCS) has allowed countries to specialise in the production of specific inputs (intermediate goods and final goods), which has a direct implication for productivity. This paper explores the impact of GVCSon the economic upgrading of developing economies. Specifically, our analysis relates to the effect of foreign value added in gross exports (GVCS) on domestic value-added content of gross exports (economic upgrading), which includes the added value that emanates from all the industries of the exporting country to their trading partners. The sample covers 50 countries (22 developing and 28 advanced countries) over the period 2005–2015.We employ both a pooled ols and a system GMM method. We contribute to the literature by differentiating between trade flows from developing economies (South-South) and developed economies (South-North). The results indicate a positive effect between gvcs participation and economic upgrading, with the effect being stronger in the case of South-North integration. Further, the results support the view that infrastructure development can play a key role in supporting the economic development of developing economies. gdp per capita, innovation, and institutional quality can all promote economic upgrading even though their effects vary across trade flows.

Iskandar Iskandar, Syamsurijal Tan, Tona Aurora Lubis et al.

This study aims to analyze and explain the firm value model from the perspective of a firm’s profitability and dividend-paying behavior with dividend payout as a mediator. The population used is the stock in the LQ45 Index for the 2017-2019 period. The sample was determined using the judgment sampling type purposive sampling method to obtain 26 companies. The analytical method used is Partial Least Square (PLS). The study results show that a firm’s profitability can increase dividend payout, but firm’s profitability is not able to increase the firm’s value. Dividend-paying behavior does not affect dividend payout, but the behavior of paying dividends can increase the company's value. Dividend payout can increase the value of the company. On the other hand, dividend payout cannot mediate firm’s profitability to firm value, but on the contrary, dividend payout can mediate the behavior of dividend payout to firm value.