The author characterizes the ceramic complex of the Gorodets culture settlements, widespread in the second half of the 1st millennium BC in the forest-steppe part of the Don basin. It consists of molded earthenware for kitchen purposes; there are practically no tableware. The pottery had both a smoothed and relief-shaped outer surface (“matting”, “mesh”, “grooved”). The main mineral impurity added to the molding mass during their manufacture was grus (crushed mineral rocks). Sand and chamotte (crushed ceramics) were often used. The dominant type of dishes were pots, the appearance of which is given by 24 reconstructed specimens. Three main and several single varieties of shape of these vessels have been identified. Less numerous are jars and cups, of which three were found in their “whole” form. A significant part of the vessels were undecorated, but most ones were decorated with finger tucks, notches, punctures. The spread of well-profiled pots in the Gorodets environment, which replaced jar forms, is explained by economic interaction with the Scythian culture, whose area covered the southern part of the region.
Where is the limit? For some Colombians, narrating their traumatic experience of violence has become an act of resistance. This is how Colombian artists understand their artistic commitment and “intentions”. How can artists put into images, in the sense of representation, the un-representable (Rancière)? The role of the spectator then becomes the focus of the questioning: Who observes? Through a selection of works by three Colombian artists (Doris Salcedo, Oscar Muñoz and Erika Diettes), this article analyzes, first of all, the meaning(s) that a work takes on when it is conceived by the artist for both the spectator who is part of the same context and for the one who is completely decontextualized from it. Then, secondly, the way in which this same work, initially thought of in a more local and particular sense, can become more universal and globalized.
A ciência é permeada por dificuldades e crises, seja nas pesquisas de campo ou nas reflexões teórico-metodológicas, que, ao invés de indicarem impossibilidades, alimentam as teorias científicas. Enquanto disciplina, a antropologia convive há tanto tempo com crises, em especial de autoridade, objeto e representação, que alguns autores consideram que exatamente por estar em uma perpétua crise, esta constitui-se como crítica e indisciplinada. Com a ideia de que crises e dificuldades podem gerar impulsionamentos metodológicos e reflexivos, na primeira parte do artigo discutem-se estratégias de escrita de três etnografias clássicas e três mais recentes; na segunda, analiso um seminário organizado e ministrado por travestis e transexuais, no qual demarcaram-se tensionamentos entre estas e pesquisadoras e pesquisadores cis. Ao final, considera-se que mesmo não havendo receitas prontas de como manejar crises metodológicas, produções antropológicas e transativistas podem contribuir para que tais crises gerem impulsionamentos reflexivos.
The Veterani Cave is one of the most well-known natural caves on the territory of Romania, nowadays being often visited by tourists. It is not only an impressive natural monument but also a multilayered archaeological site with a very rich history. The fortification of the grotto is certain for the Middle Ages and the modern era. The traces of the Roman era are less clear, with specialists hesitating between recognizing it as a fishing settlement that at some point, in the late Roman era, could have been fortified, or classifying it as a sacred cave or even a mithraeum. As it is expected, its strategic position in the area of the Danube Cauldrons strait made this unusual place to be included in the UNESCO list of the Danube Limes of the Roman Empire. In the following text, we try to decipher the character of the Roman ruins at Veterani Cave (Peskabara) corroborating all the sources at our disposal: archaeological, epigraphical, archival and cartographical information. We consider that in front of the cave there existed, starting from the end of the 3rd century AD, a small fort (similar to a quadriburgium) with a small port, also defended by walls made from stone and bricks.
Anna Rita Di Fazio, Chiara Risi, Mario Russo
et al.
This paper addresses the problem of optimizing the voltage profile of radially-operated distribution systems by acting on the active and reactive powers provided by distributed energy resources (DERs). A novel voltage optimization procedure is proposed by adopting a decentralized control strategy. To this aim, a centralized voltage optimization problem (VOP), minimizing the distance of all the nodal voltages from their reference values, is firstly formulated as a strictly-convex quadratic program. Then, the centralized VOP is rewritten by partitioning the network into voltage control zones (VCZs) with pilot nodes. To overcome the lack of strictly convexity determined by the reduction to the pilot nodes, the dual centralized VOP working on the augmented Lagrangian function is reformulated and iteratively solved by the method of multipliers. Finally, a fully-distributed VOP solution is obtained by applying a distributed algorithm based on the auxiliary problem principle, which allows for solving in each VCZ a quadratic programming problem of small dimension and to drive the VCZ solutions toward the overall optimum by an iterative coordination process that requires to exchange among the VCZs only scalar values. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method have been demonstrated via numerical tests on the IEEE 123-bus system.
Semthan is one of the important archaeological sites in the southern part of the Kashmir valley. The very limited archaeological excavation at the site has revealed interesting results and a cultural continuity which bridged the gap from the end of the Megalithic phase to the emergence of Kushan culture in the valley. The material culture from Semthan significantly changed the whole fabric of Kashmir history and introduced hitherto unknown deposits from the Indo -Greek phase. From the archaeological investigations it becomes clear that the Indo -Greek phase at Semthan has seen a considerable change in the social and cultural proliferation as well as a subsistence change from the earlier cultures. Given the fact that the material culture at Semthan reveals a widespread Hellenistic influence, it is true that a recent find of Indo -Greek coins and associated material has put the region into the limelight once again and needs a serious archaeological investigation. This paper makes an attempt to highlight the past and recent sporadic finds from and around the archaeological site of Semthan and puts in perspective the Indo -Greek rule in the northern most Himalayan region of the Kashmir valley
It is now a widely held view that, in their formation and early evolution, stars build up mass in bursts. The burst mode of star formation scenario proposes that the stars grow in mass via episodic accretion of fragments migrating from their gravitationally-unstable circumstellar discs and it naturally explains the existence of observed pre-main-sequence bursts from high mass protostars. We present a parameter study of hydrodynamical models of massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) that explores the initial masses of the collapsing clouds (Mc = 60-200Mo) and ratio of rotational-to-gravitational energies (beta = 0:005-0:33). An increase in Mc and/or beta produces protostellar accretion discs that are more prone to develop gravitational instability and to experience bursts. We find that all MYSOs have bursts even if their pre-stellar core is such that beta 1 scale as a power-law with the stellar mass. Our results confirm that massive protostars accrete about 40-60% of their mass in the burst mode. The distribution of time periods between two consecutive bursts is bimodal: there is a short duration (~ 1-10 yr) peak corresponding to the short, faintest bursts and a long duration peak (at ~ 10^3-10^4 yr) corresponding to the long, FU-Orionis-type bursts appearing in later disc evolution, i.e., around 30 kyr after disc formation. We discuss this bimodality in the context of the structure of massive protostellar jets as potential signatures of accretion burst history.
The purpose of the article is presentation of an unknown collection of copies of the municipal seals Apparatus Sigillorum Pomeraniae et Rugiae Civitatum and an attempt to establish authorship, time, and circumstances of its origin. The work survived among the remnants of the so called Ostens Library, where it came in 1773. Brief notes made on its cover suggest that it originates from the collection of Matthäus Heinrich Liebherr. The analysis of the aesthetic of the executed copies allows a supposition that there were several drawers and the work could be completed by the successive owners. The content of the dorsal notes implies that the author used the seals from the collections of Pomeranian scholars belonging to the society Collectores Historiae et Juris Patrii. It is likely that the activity of this society inspired the compilation of the catalogue of the Pomeranian towns’ seals.
Archaeology, History (General) and history of Europe
The Municipal Public Library in Wlodawa started its activity after the Second World War, which continues to this day. Librarians working in it, infecting readers’ books with passion, prove that it is
worth working in this field of cultural and educational activity. Speaking of the Wlodawa’s book,
one must come back and cite the traditions that prevailed in Wlodawa and Wlodawa poviat by
referring to the Old Polish period. During this period, two libraries operating in the city were mentioned: the library of Andrew Wegierski (a well-known Calvinist preacher in the 17th century) of the
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth) and the library of Fathers St. Paul, which operating from 1710
to 1864, accumulated many valuable volumes. However, the turmoil of the first half of the 19th
century caused the depletion of the book collection and even the failure to replace the cavities. In
the interwar period, when Poland itself tried to raise from the period of partitions, also in the poviat
and the city of Wlodawa, attempts were made to work in a similar manner until the outbreak of the
war. In the post-war period, when Poland emerged from the shackles of German totalitarianism, actions were initiated to stabilize the situation in the country. Starting from August 1944, the library,
including Wlodawa, began to operate. The period 1944-1999 is a period of struggling with various
problems, but also development. Lack of books, in the initial period of activity, housing difficulties,
and above all the development of the library network in the city and poviat.
Miejska Biblioteka Publiczna we Włodawie rozpoczęła swoją działalność po II wojnie światowej,
która nieprzerwalnie trwa do dziś. Pracujący w niej bibliotekarze zarażając pasją do książek czytelników udowadniają, że warto działać na tym polu działalności kulturalno-oświatowej. Mówiąc
o włodawskiej książnicy, trzeba wrócić i przytoczyć tradycje jakie panowały we Włodawie i na terenie powiatu włodawskiego poprzez odniesienie się do okresu staropolskiego. W tym okresie wspomniano o dwóch bibliotekach działających w mieście: bibliotece Andrzeja Węgierskiego (znanego
kalwińskiego kaznodziei w XVII w. Rzeczypospolitej) oraz bibliotece oo. Paulinów, która działając
od 1710 r. do 1864 r. zgromadził wiele cennych woluminów. Jednak zawirowania pierwszej połowy
XIX w. sprawiły uszczuplenie księgozbioru i nawet zaniechania uzupełnienia ubytków. W okresie
międzywojnia, kiedy sama Polska starała się podnieść z okresu zaborów, również na terenie powiatu i miasta Włodawy próbowano działać w podobny sposób, aż do momentu wybuchu wojnie.
W okresie powojennym, kiedy Polska wydostała się z okowów niemieckiego totalitaryzmu, rozpoczęto działania, które miały ustabilizować sytuację w kraju. Począwszy od sierpnia 1944 r rozpoczęły
działalność biblioteki w tym włodawska. Okres 1944-1999 to okres borykania się z różnymi problemami, ale i także rozwoju. Brak książek, w początkowym okresie działalności, trudności lokalowe,
a przede wszystkim rozwój sieci bibliotecznej na terenie miasta i powiatu.
Background and aim: Assessment of vertical dimension of occlusion is an important step in the prosthodontic treatment of edentulous patients. The Objective of this study was to determine the correlation of the lower third of the face in occlusion and facial and palm indexes in dental students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran at 2017-2018. Material and methods: In this correlation cross-sectional trial, 100 subjects (50 men &50 women( were studied. The inclusion criteria were the subject’s desire to participate in the study, facial symmetry, no history of trauma in the face and palm, and no history of facial plastic surgery.Facial indices and the palm size was recorded with a bolly gauge caliper with a precision of 0.1 mm. the correlation between the height of the lower third of the face and each of the facial and palm indices was determined by Pearson correlation coefficient. Correlation coefficient (R) and consistency (R2) were calculated. Results: The mean age of male was 23.02 years and the mean age of women was 24.6 years. All indices had a moderate correlation (0.4<r<0.6), except the "the distance between the hair line and between the two eyebrows" index which showed no correlation (r<0.2).The highest correlation ratio was found between "the distance between the sub-nasal and below the chin” and “the distance between the pupil of the eyes" and the least correlation ratio was also reported between "the distance between the sub-nasal and below the chin” and “the distance between the hair line and the two eyebrows”. Conclusions: It seems that anthropometric and palm indices can be used as auxiliary indices, and can not use lonely.
V. R. Arvindh Ram, B. Vidyasagar, B. J. Arun
et al.
Background and Objectives Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world and is the fourth leading cause of death it represents an important public health challenge that is both preventable and treatable. The objective of this study is to correlate the levels of serum hsCRP with severity of COPD pulmonary function tests PFTs and other clinical parameters.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted over a period of one year. A minimum of 60 patients of both genders with COPD who fulfilled the inclusionexclusion criteria were evaluated with detailed history Pack years BMI FEV1 and hsCRP.Results Forty nine patients had raised hsCRP values i.e gt0.3mgdl. Of them 46 patients were in GOLD stage IIIV suggesting that marked limitation of air flow was related to raised hsCRP levels. HsCRP had a significant negative correlation with age and a significant positive correlation with pack years duration of illness BMIampGOLD Stages.Interpretation and Conclusion This study illustrates that hsCRP is an early systemic inflammatory marker that determines outcomes of COPD patients. Age BMIamppack years tobacco chewing have a significant correlation with hsCRP. It can be inferred that hsCRP is a useful marker which reflects the systemic inflammation that occurs in COPD. This marker can be useful as an auxiliary marker other than Pulmonary Function Test in assessing patients status.nbsp
Professor Tadeusz Poklewski-Koziełł, a retired professor at the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, head of the Łódź Branch of the Institute and the editor of Fasciculi Archaeologiae Historicae, passed away while final preparations were underway for the publication of the previous fascicle. We only managed to mention the Professor’s name in the preface and include a photo of him, saying that the publication was dedicated to his memory...
Archaeology, Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology
We present a new cosmological galaxy formation model, $\nu^2$GC, as an updated version of our previous model $\nu$GC. We adopt the so-called "semi-analytic" approach, in which the formation history of dark matter halos is computed by ${\it N}$-body simulations, while the baryon physics such as gas cooling, star formation and supernova feedback are simply modeled by phenomenological equations. Major updates of the model are as follows: (1) the merger trees of dark matter halos are constructed in state-of-the-art ${\it N}$-body simulations, (2) we introduce the formation and evolution process of supermassive black holes and the suppression of gas cooling due to active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity, (3) we include heating of the intergalactic gas by the cosmic UV background, and (4) we tune some free parameters related to the astrophysical processes using a Markov chain Monte Carlo method. Our ${\it N}$-body simulations of dark matter halos have unprecedented box size and mass resolution (the largest simulation contains 550 billion particles in a 1.12 Gpc/h box), enabling the study of much smaller and rarer objects. The model was tuned to fit the luminosity functions of local galaxies and mass function of neutral hydrogen. Local observations, such as the Tully-Fisher relation, size-magnitude relation of spiral galaxies and scaling relation between the bulge mass and black hole mass were well reproduced by the model. Moreover, the model also well reproduced the cosmic star formation history and the redshift evolution of rest-frame ${\it K}$-band luminosity functions. The numerical catalog of the simulated galaxies and AGNs is publicly available on the web.