Hasil untuk "Acoustics. Sound"

K. Chatburn, K. van den Bosch, A. Talebzadeh

Despite acknowledging social and cultural variations, human soundscape research often prioritises generalized interpretations. The universal assumption of the restorativeness of natural sounds, idealised through Western norms, exemplifies this homogenization. This paper critiques such biases, advocating for an intersectional approach. Through reflection on “who” is listening and “how,” attention is drawn to those currently excluded from the conversation, honoring aural diversity and broader social and cultural contexts. We call for inclusive and adaptive methodologies to further the creation of equitable acoustic environments that challenge normative assumptions and celebrate the richness of human perception, advancing both research and design.

Kamil Misztal, Jan Kopaczek, Robert Kudrawiec

Photoacoustic spectroscopy is a powerful tool for investigating semiconductors and determining some of their basic properties. However, generating a signal that is large enough for the investigated samples is still challenging. To address this, the focus is on enhancing photoacoustic (PA) signal intensity in a non-complex way, which does not require changing any part of an experimental setup. The PA signal intensity enhancement is mainly achieved by manipulating the sample volume and its surroundings. MoS2, a layered material that belongs to the van der Waals crystals was selected due to ease of exfoliation to the proper thickness. A reduction in MoS2 thickness from 112 to 7 µm, resulted in enhancement of the PA signal by a factor of ∼50. A simple model has been proposed to describe the results based on thermal processes. Additionally, a method to determine the energy gap in transition metal dichalcogenides from PA measurements is presented.

Binsha Peng, Songlin Wen, Wenchong He et al.

Casein-dextran colloids, with various particle and filtration properties to simulate the main pollutant (protein-polysaccharide colloids) in the membrane separation process, were selected as the research object in this study. Effects of critical-zone-intensity ultrasound (CZ-US) on the aggregation, rheological and structural properties of casein-dextran colloids were investigated by ultrasonic immersion. The results suggested that CZ-US treatments unfolded the protein tertiary/quaternary structure to expose hydrophobic/hydrophilic amino acid groups, and partially affected the aggregation and flow behaviors, without altering the secondary structures of proteins and functional groups for casein-dextran colloids. CZ-US treatments enabled particle size distribution of casein-dextran colloids transform from multimodal to unimodal. CZ-US treatments’ processes were strongly affected by pH of the colloidal mediums. When pH was at the casein isoelectric point, more hydrophobic amino acid groups of casein were exposed, the binding patches on the casein particle interface were reduced for the dextran. When pH was at other mediums rather than the casein isoelectric point, more hydrophilic amino acid groups were exposed under CZ-US treatments, more dextran adhered into the casein interface due to the presence of more available binding sites. Indeed, this work provides important theoretical guidance for the development of CZ-US and membrane separation coupling technology.

Chia-Wei Lin, Ching-Hsiang Fan, Chih-Kuang Yeh

Ultrasound (US)-triggered microbubbles (MBs) drug delivery is a promising tool for noninvasive and localized therapy. Several studies have shown the potential of drug-loaded MBs to boost the delivery of therapeutic substances to target tissue effectively. Nevertheless, little is known about the surface payload distribution affecting the cavitation activity and drug release behavior of the drug-loaded MBs. In this study, we designed a common chemodrug (Doxorubicin, Dox)-loaded MB (Dox-MBs) and regulated the payload distribution as uniform or cluster onto the outer surface of MBs. The Dox distribution on the MB shells was assessed by confocal fluorescence microscopic imaging. The acoustic properties of the Dox-MBs with different Dox distributions were evaluated by their acoustic stability and cavitation activities. The payload release and the fragments from Dox-MBs in response to different US parameters were measured and visualized by column chromatography and cryo-electron microscopy, respectively. By amalgamating these methodologies, we found that stable cavitation was sufficient for triggering uniform-loaded MBs to release their payload, but stable cavitation and inertial cavitation were required for cluster-loaded MBs. The released substances included free Dox and Dox-containing micelle/liposome; their portions depended on the payload distribution, acoustic pressure, cycle number, and sonication duration. Furthermore, we also revealed that the Dox-containing micelle/liposome in cluster-loaded MBs had the potential for multiple drug releases upon US sonication. This study compared uniform-loaded MBs and cluster-loaded MBs to enhance our comprehension of drug-loaded MBs mediated drug delivery.

Marina Saskovets, Zilu Liang, Ian Piumarta et al.

BackgroundSound therapy methods have seen a surge in popularity, with a predominant focus on music among all types of sound stimulation. There is substantial evidence documenting the integrative impact of music therapy on psycho-emotional and physiological outcomes, rendering it beneficial for addressing stress-related conditions such as pain syndromes, depression, and anxiety. Despite these advancements, the therapeutic aspects of sound, as well as the mechanisms underlying its efficacy, remain incompletely understood. Existing research on music as a holistic cultural phenomenon often overlooks crucial aspects of sound therapy mechanisms, particularly those related to speech acoustics or the so-called “music of speech.” ObjectiveThis study aims to provide an overview of empirical research on sound interventions to elucidate the mechanism underlying their positive effects. Specifically, we will focus on identifying therapeutic factors and mechanisms of change associated with sound interventions. Our analysis will compare the most prevalent types of sound interventions reported in clinical studies and experiments. Moreover, we will explore the therapeutic effects of sound beyond music, encompassing natural human speech and intermediate forms such as traditional poetry performances. MethodsThis review adheres to the methodological guidance of the Joanna Briggs Institute and follows the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist for reporting review studies, which is adapted from the Arksey and O’Malley framework. Our search strategy encompasses PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO or EBSCOhost, covering literature from 1990 to the present. Among the different study types, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, laboratory experiments, and field experiments were included. ResultsData collection began in October 2022. We found a total of 2027 items. Our initial search uncovered an asymmetry in the distribution of studies, with a larger number focused on music therapy compared with those exploring prosody in spoken interventions such as guided meditation or hypnosis. We extracted and selected papers using Rayyan software (Rayyan) and identified 41 eligible papers after title and abstract screening. The completion of the scoping review is anticipated by October 2024, with key steps comprising the analysis of findings by May 2024, drafting and revising the study by July 2024, and submitting the paper for publication in October 2024. ConclusionsIn the next step, we will conduct a quality evaluation of the papers and then chart and group the therapeutic factors extracted from them. This process aims to unveil conceptual gaps in existing studies. Gray literature sources, such as Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov, nonindexed conferences, and reference list searches of retrieved studies, will be added to our search strategy to increase the number of relevant papers that we cover. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/54030

Ning Ding, Huiwen Jiang, Ben Xiang et al.

We proposed a non-contact photoacoustic (PA) detection method using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT). Two interference spectrums (A-lines) were acquired before and after the PA excitation with SDOCT. PA signal propagated within the sample causing the vibration. The vibration inner the sample introduced phase change between the acquired two A-lines. Thus, the PA signal can be detected by evaluating the difference in phase between the two A-lines. Based on the method, an OCT-PAM dual-mode imaging system was constructed. In the system, SDOCT served as the detection unit for PAM. Thus, the combination of the two imaging modalities was simplified. Another advantage of the system is that it realizes non-contact all-optic detection, which is attractive for biomedical imaging. Using the system, we imaged phantoms of carbon fibers, asparagus leaves and human hairs. Furthermore, the cortical vasculature of rat was imaged in vivo and the flow status was evaluated quantitatively.

Mirco Pezzoli, F. Antonacci, A. Sarti

Recently deep learning and machine learning approaches have been widely employed for various applications in acoustics. Nonetheless, in the area of sound field processing and reconstruction classic methods based on the solutions of wave equation are still widespread. Recently, physics-informed neural networks have been proposed as a deep learning paradigm for solving partial differential equations which govern physical phenomena, bridging the gap between purely data-driven and model based methods. Here, we exploit physics-informed neural networks to reconstruct the early part of missing room impulse responses in an uniform linear array. This methodology allows us to exploit the underlying law of acoustics, i.e., the wave equation, forcing the neural network to generate physically meaningful solutions given only a limited number of data points. The results on real measurements show that the proposed model achieves accurate reconstruction and performance in line with respect to state-of-the-art deep-learning and compress sensing techniques while maintaining a lightweight architecture.

Hao-Ping Lin, Yi-Wen Liu

We investigate matrix signal processing techniques for estimating synchronized spontaneous otoacoustic emission (OAE) in noise. Responses to repeated clicks are first stored in a matrix, and singular value decomposition is either applied in the time domain or the frequency domain after constructing a Hankel matrix at every frequency. The singular values are subject to optimal shrinkage (OS) which maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio. Human OAE data were analyzed, and the Hankel matrix method outperforms the time-domain OS method in synchronized spontaneous otoacoustic emission estimation, but not in the estimation of transient-evoked otoacoustic emission. Reasons for the performance discrepancy are discussed.

Jacek Nurzyński

The acoustic effect of windows installed in a prefabricated wood frame façade was considered. Windows inserted into a lightweight wall modify its structural scheme. The research aimed to investigate the possible interaction of the façade’s main components and their actual contribution to the total sound insulation. The principal research question involved the prediction of the acoustic performance of the complete prefabricated panel from the performance of its basic elements, an opaque part and windows. As the frequency-dependent characteristics of the elements differ substantially, the use of single number values for prediction and accuracy was of particular interest. The study is based on laboratory measurements. Initially, two full-scale samples of an opaque wall and four windows were tested separately. Then, several variants of the façade consisting of various combinations of these elements were examined. The results of measurements were juxtaposed and compared with calculated values. The frequency-dependent experimental results were fairly consistent with calculations. The estimations based on single number quantities were also in good agreement with measurements. Thus, it may be concluded that the façade elements did not interact significantly, and the single number calculations give reliable results that can be used in practice.

Gustavo Navas-Reascos, Luz M. Alonso-Valerdi, David I. Ibarra-Zarate

Acoustics has been integrated with archaeology to better understand the social and cultural context of past cultures. Specifically, public events such as rituals or ceremonies, where an appreciation of sound propagation was required to hold an event. Various acoustic techniques have been used to study archaeological sites, providing information about the building characteristics and organizational structures of ancient civilizations. This review aims to present recent advances in Archaeoacoustics worldwide over the last seven years (2016–2022). For this purpose, one hundred and five articles were identified and categorized into two topics: (1) Archaeoacoustics in places, and (2) Archaeoacoustics of musical instruments and pieces. In the first topic, three subtopics were identified: (1) measurement and characterization of places, (2) rock art, and (3) simulation, auralization, and virtualization. Regarding the first subtopic, it was identified that the standards for reverberation times in enclosures are generally applied in their development. In the second subtopic, it was determined that the places selected to make paintings were areas with long reverberation time. The last subtopic, simulation, auralization, and virtualization, is the area of most remarkable growth and innovation. Finally, this review opens the debate to seek standardization of a measurement method that allows comparing results from different investigations.

Xu Ni, Cheng He, Xiao‐Chen Sun et al.

Recent explorations of topology in physical systems have led to a new paradigm of condensed matters characterized by topologically protected states and phase transition, for example, topologically protected photonic crystals enabled by magneto-optical effects. However, in other wave systems such as acoustics, topological states cannot be simply reproduced due to the absence of similar magnetics-related sound–matter interactions in naturally available materials. Here, we propose an acoustic topological structure by creating an effective gauge magnetic field for sound using circularly flowing air in the designed acoustic ring resonators. The created gauge magnetic field breaks the time-reversal symmetry, and therefore topological properties can be designed to be nontrivial with non-zero Chern numbers and thus to enable a topological sonic crystal, in which the topologically protected acoustic edge-state transport is observed, featuring robust one-way propagation characteristics against a variety of topological defects and impurities. Our results open a new venue to non-magnetic topological structures and promise a unique approach to effective manipulation of acoustic interfacial transport at will.

Quinn A. Besford, Francesca Cavalieri

Ephraim Otumudia, Hossein Hamidi, Prashant Jadhawar et al.

Asphaltene deposition around the wellbore is a major cause of formation damage, especially in heavy oil reservoirs Ultrasonic stimulation, rather than chemical injection, is thought to be a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly means of removing asphaltene deposition. However, it seems to be unclear how crucial features like reservoir pore geometries and ultrasonic parameters affect this ultrasound treatment.In this work, five two-dimensional glass micromodels with different pore geometries were designed to assess the impact of pore geometries on the ultrasonic removal of asphaltene deposition. Experiments were undertaken in an ultrasound bath at a set frequency (20 kHz) and adjustable powers (100–1000 W). Direct image analysis before, during and after sonication was used to assess the impact of pore geometry and a change in ultrasonic parameter on the removal of asphaltene deposition. The effectiveness of ultrasound treatment at various sonication periods were found to be reliant on the pore geometries of the individual micromodels. For micromodels with throat sizes 300 µm and pore shapes as circle, square and triangle, an increase in ultrasonic power from 400 to 1000 W resulted in an increase in the percentage of removed asphaltene deposition after 2 h from 12.6 to 14.7, 11.5 to 14.63, and 5.8 to 7.1 percent, respectively.

Kristine E. Sonstrom Malowski, Lynette K. Cole, James R. Steiger et al.

The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical use of wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) reflectance for middle ear assessment in dogs. Otoscopy and brainstem auditory evoked response testing was performed on all dogs prior to the WAI assessment. Following calibration, dogs were comfortably restrained while the probe was placed into the ear canal to obtain recordings. Testing was repeated for replicability. Repeatable WAI reflectance patterns were observed in 24 dogs, characterized by low-reflectance resonant peaks at approximately 1500–1800 Hz and 3000–4000 Hz. Observed patterns suggest WAI may be a practical means of assessing middle ear function in dogs.

Jingxin Xu, Danni Wang, Yanping Lei et al.

This study analyzes the effects of ultrasonic waves on the drying kinetics of Tremella fuciformis during microwave vacuum drying. The physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of T. fuciformis polysaccharides (TFPs) were studied by drying tremella samples using hot air drying (HAD), microwave vacuum drying, ultrasonic pretreatments with microwave vacuum drying (US + MVD), and air-borne ultrasonic pretreatments combined with microwave vacuum drying (USMVD) under acoustic energy densities of 0.14, 0.28, and 0.42 W/mL. The results showed that USMVD and US + MVD accelerated the mass transfer process of T. fuciformis. Compared with HAD treatment, TFP samples obtained by USMVD and US + MVD had a reduced molecular weight to a certain extent, and they had stronger shear thinning ability. In addition, USMVD-TFPs at 0.42 W/mL retained higher total sugar, reducing sugar, and uronic acid, and the degree of reduction in the monosaccharide component content was small.

Nor Saadah M. Yusof, Sambandam Anandan, Palani Sivashanmugam et al.

Ultrasound induced cavitation (acoustic cavitation) process is found useful in various applications. Scientists from various disciplines have been exploring the fundamental aspects of acoustic cavitation processes over several decades. It is well documented that extreme localised temperature and pressure conditions are generated when a cavitation bubble collapses. Several experimental techniques have also been developed to estimate cavitation bubble temperatures. Depending upon specific experimental conditions, light emission from cavitation bubbles is observed, referred to as sonoluminescence. Sonoluminescence studies have been used to develop a fundamental understanding of cavitation processes in single and multibubble systems. This minireview aims to provide some highlights on the development of basic understandings of acoustic cavitation processes using cavitation bubble temperature, sonoluminescence and interfacial chemistry over the past 2–3 decades.

Chen Fang, Peng Yang, Yumin Liu et al.

In this paper, the ultrasound-assisted solvent-mediated polymorphic transformation of theophylline was explored in detail. The induction time and reconstruction time were significantly decreased by ultrasound, thereby decreasing the total transformation time and promoting the transformation process. The ultrasound-promoted efficiency of nucleation was different in three alcoholic solvents, which was difficult to explain by traditional kinetic effects. To resolve the above confusion, binding energies calculated by Density Functional Theory were applied to explore the relationship between the ultrasound-promoted efficiency of nucleation and solute–solvent interactions. Then, a possible molecular self-assembly nucleation pathway affected by ultrasound was proposed: the ultrasound could change and magnify the crucial effect of the specific sites of solute–solvent interactions in the nucleation process. Finally, the transformation kinetics with different effective ultrasonic energies was quantitatively analyzed by Avrami-Erofeev model, indicating that the dissolution element in the rate-limiting step was gradually eliminated by higher ultrasonic energy. Fortunately, the elusive crystal form V could be easily obtained by the ultrasound-assisted polymorph transformation. This proved to be a robust method to produce high purity form V of theophylline. The outcome of this study demonstrated that the proper ultrasonic irradiation had the potential to produce specific polymorphs selectively.

Toru Tuziuti, Kyuichi Yasui, Wataru Kanematsu

The present study mainly examined the effects of the volumetric concentration of nanobubbles (ultrafine bubbles) on the intensity of sonoluminescence (SL). The addition of nanobubbles at high acoustic amplitude enhanced the SL intensity for various bubble concentrations in comparison with that in pure water. This probably means that the resulting high amplitude is over the Blake threshold, and accordingly nanobubbles expand to some extent, leading to higher SL intensity. Therefore, nanobubbles have the potential to provide nucleation sites for sonochemistry. The influence of bubble size on the intensity of SL was also evaluated.

P. Thomasson

S. Szokolay