Hasil untuk "Special industries and trades"

Bei CAO, Wenxiu BAI, Huan YAO et al.

[Objective] FeCrAl alloys have shown promise as candidate materials for accident tolerance fuel cladding because of their excellent high-temperature strength, irradiation resistance, and mature fabrication technology. There are fewer studies related to the thermal and irradiation creep of FeCrAl alloys due to the high cost, long cycle time and difficult testing of neutron irradiation. The thermal and irradiation creep behavior of FeCrAl alloys were examined. And, the effects of irradiation dose rate, temperature and stress on the creep rate and parameters of the creep constitutive equations were analyzed. [Method] The creep simulations were performed on several FeCrAl samples with different grain sizes over a wide range of temperature, stress, and irradiation dose rates, using LAMMPS molecular dynamics simulator. [Result] The results show that the irradiation creep rate is significantly lower, compared to the thermal creep rate. As stress rises, the thermal creep rate increases exponentially, and the stress exponent increases roughly from 0.9 to 2.0 at the turning point of 0.8 GPa. The irradiation creep rate increases linearly with stress and dose rate, that is, the exponents of both dose rate and stress for irradiation creep are very close to 1.0. Besides, higher temperatures accelerates the linear increase of irradiation creep rate with dose rate, and the irradiation creep pre-factor becomes larger. [Conclusion] The creep of FeCrAl alloys under conditions of high temperature and irradiation is mainly attributed to the thermal creep behavior. Higher temperatures and stresses accelerate the irradiation creep process.

Amine Hadir, Mohamed Adjou, Olga Assainova et al.

Accurate delineation of agricultural parcels is crucial for applications ranging from resource management to policy decisions, with a direct impact on agricultural productivity and sustainability. Parcel delineation is the subject of numerous studies, most of which focus on the development of more efficient methods or ones better adapted to specific cases. In addition, various methods exist in the literature for delineating agricultural fields from satellite images. Deep learning, in particular, has revolutionized the field. Many state-of-the-art methods now utilize deep learning, often incorporating segmentation and classification techniques to define agricultural parcel boundaries. While recent research has led to a surge in deep learning methods for this task, evaluating their effectiveness goes beyond simply comparing outputs. This paper emphasizes the critical role of parcel complexity as a powerful lens for assessing the performance of deep learning methods in agricultural parcel delineation. We categorize 14 evaluation metrics into three main groups, global, boundary, and structure metrics, respectively. Global metrics assess the overall accuracy of the delineated parcels, boundary metrics focus on the precision of the parcel boundaries, and structure metrics examine the topological relationships between the parcels. Our goal is to compare these deep learning methods based on these metrics and their performance across varying levels of parcel complexity. We systematically evaluate nine state-of-the-art methods using a public database, explicitly analyzing how their strengths and weaknesses are affected by different levels of parcel complexity. This approach ensures that future deep learning techniques are robust and accurate enough to meet the demands of accurately defining the agricultural landscape and provides important insights for the development and refinement of future deep learning techniques.

I. B. Kantola, E. Blanc‐Betes, A. vonHaden et al.

ABSTRACT Six years after replacing a maize/soybean cropping system, perennial grasses miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), and a 28‐species restored prairie increased particulate organic carbon in surface soils without increasing soil organic carbon (SOC). To resolve potential changes in the quantity and distribution of SOC, soils were resampled after seven to thirteen years to measure bulk density, carbon (C) content, and stable C isotopes to a depth of 1 m. SOC stocks increased between 1.75 and 2.5 Mg ha−1 year−1 in all perennial crops between 2008 and 2016 (nine growing seasons). Despite relatively low litter inputs and belowground biomass, the highest rate of SOC accrual was in restored prairie (2.5 Mg ha−1 year−1), followed by miscanthus (2.0 Mg ha−1 year−1) and switchgrass (1.75 Mg ha−1 year−1). The change in SOC in maize/soybean was not significant. After 2016, total SOC decreased in maize/soybean and miscanthus, resulting in slower overall rates of SOC accumulation over the full sampling period for miscanthus (0.8 Mg ha−1 year−1). The rate of SOC accumulation was greatest below 50 cm depth for restored prairie and switchgrass but in the top 10 cm for miscanthus. Stable isotope analysis showed 13C enrichment in all depths of switchgrass soils, an indication of new organic C accumulation, but mixed results in all other crops. Planting perennial crops on land formerly in an annual maize/soybean cropping system can slow or reverse soil carbon losses, with the greatest increases in SOC from species‐rich prairie.

Marcella Bitiler Gallo, João Lucas Braga Perin, Daniela Fernandes Ramos et al.

Introdução: A tuberculose, causada por Mycobacterium tuberculosis, ainda é um desafio de saúde pública1, com 8,2 milhões de casos em 20232. Apesar dos avanços terapêuticos, há dificuldades em desenvolver vacinas e medicamentos eficazes. Destacam-se limitações dos modelos animais pré-clínicos da pesquisa, como custos, biossegurança e questões éticas3, o que incentiva o uso de modelos alternativos. Nesse contexto, os modelos alternativos de invertebrados surgem como uma estratégia de refinar e reduzir o uso de modelos animais vertebrados4 e substituir por novos métodos. Diante disso, tornou-se necessário mapear o perfil de produção científica sobre modelos alternativos, a fim de orientar o delineamento de pesquisas pré-clínicas futuras envolvendo a tuberculose. Objetivo: Identificar e analisar a produção científica sobre o uso de modelos alternativos invertebrados no desenvolvimento de alternativas terapêuticas contra Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Material e Método: Foi realizada uma revisão cienciométrica com termos Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Os termos foram combinados com os operadores: “Mycobacterium tuberculosis” AND “Galle ria mellonella” OR “Caenorhabditis elegans” OR “Drosophila melanogaster”. A busca foi realizada na base de dados PubMed. Foram incluídos estudos que abordaram modelos alternativos invertebrados no desenvolvimento de estratégias terapêuticas contra tuberculose. Sem restrição de data ou idioma. Após a seleção dos estudos, foram extraídos dados, seguidos da análise da literatura, a identificação dos autores e do seu número de publicações, utilizando o software VOSviewer. Resultados e Discussão: Foram identificados 94 estudos, publicados entre os anos 1991 e 2025. Maioria de acesso aberto (n=89; 94,68%). O ano com maior número de publicação foi o de 2019, com 10 artigos. Destes, foram extraídos, no total, 591 autores, a maioria na Europa (n=233; 39,42%), América do Norte (n=202; 34,17%) e Ásia (n=97; 16,41%) e 8 (1,35%) não mencionaram o país. Quanto ao delineamento dos estudos, a maioria eram métodos experimentais (n=72; 78,72%) e revisões (n=14; 14,89%). Quanto à frequência de palavra-chave, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (n=41; 43,61%), Caenorhabditis elegans (n=30; 31,91%) e Drosophila melanogaster (n=29; 29,78%). Dos 17 periódicos, desta- caram-se Frontiers in Microbiology (n=5) e Journal of Biological Chemistry (n=3; 3,19%). Entre os primeiros autores, “Li, Y”, foi o mais produtivo em 8 publicações (8,51%), seguido por “Asia, M”; “langford, Pr; robertson, Bd” com 7 publicações cada (7,44%). Conclusões: A revisão cienciométrica revelou padrões significativos, como a concentração de publicações em determinado ano, modelos mais recorrentes e os autores com maior número de estudos. Esses achados fornecem uma compreensão clara de como as pesquisas vêm sendo estruturadas nesta área, evidenciando o interesse pelo uso de modelos alternativos como estratégia ética, sugerindo a escolha por Caenorhabditis elegans e Drosophila melanogaster.

Pengyan Zhang, Jiangzhou Liu, Haocheng Zhang et al.

Biochar application to agricultural fields is an effective carbon sequestration measure that has the potential to reduce N2O emissions and increase soil water holding capacity. However, the interaction mechanisms of biochar under deficit irrigation on N2O emissions remain unclear. A two-year field experiment is conducted in the Guanzhong Plain, China, in order to quantify the effects of biochar and deficit irrigation on N2O emissions from winter wheat–summer maize crop rotation and to investigate the potential mechanisms of nitrification and denitrification. According to the combination of biochar application and actual evapotranspiration-based irrigation scheduling, four treatments are designed (B1W100: biochar 30 t·ha−1 + ET; B1W80: biochar 30 t·ha−1+ 0.8 ET; B0W100: no biochar + ET; B0W80: no biochar + 0.8ET). The soil N2O flux, soil physical and chemical properties, and key functional gene abundance related to N2O emissions in nitrification and denitrification at different growth stages are investigated and discussed. Results show that the interaction between deficit irrigation and biochar significantly reduces soil N2O emissions. During the wheat and maize season, the application of biochar reduces the N2O emissions by an average of 12.9% and 15.2%, respectively. Deficit irrigation also reduces the N2O emissions by an average of 17.4% and 15.5%, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis shows that soil N2O is significantly correlated with soil water-filled pore space during the phase with intense N2O emissions. Soil functional gene abundance is determined at different growth stages for both wheat and maize. Maximum soil denitrification functional gene abundance is observed at the time when wheat and maize enter the stage of their peak growth at the jointing stage. With biochar addition and deficit irrigation, the abundance of nirK and nosZ genes increases and AOB amoA genes decreases. These results suggest that biochar with deficit irrigation is a better solution to reduce N2O emissions from agricultural soils.

محمد صادق ادیبیان, تقی ابراهیمی سالاری, هادی اسماعیل پور مقدم

عدم قطعیت­ها بخش جدایی ناپذیر اقتصاد هستند و تأثیرات اثبات شده‌ای بر ارکان گوناگون اقتصادی دارند. قیمت نفت علاوه بر آن­که به عنوان یک عامل کلیدی در بخش تولید محسوب می­شود، نشان­دهنده درآمدهای نفتی اقتصاد ایران است. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر عدم قطعیت سیاست اقتصادی و عدم قطعیت ژئوپلیتیک با منشأ جهانی، چین، ایالات متحده و روسیه بر قیمت نفت خام ایران است. به این منظور از مدل افزایشی تعمیم یافته (گام) و بر اساس داده­های ماهیانه سال‌های 1997 الی 2022 استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد عدم قطعیت سیاست اقتصادی با منشأ جهانی، کشور چین و کشور روسیه تأثیر معنادار و غیرخطی بر قیمت نفت خام ایران دارد. هم­‌چنین عدم قطعیت ژئوپلیتیکی با منشاء جهانی، چین و روسیه تأثیر مستقیم و غیر خطی بر قیمت نفت خام ایران دارد در حالی که تأثیر عدم قطعیت ژئوپلیتیکی با منشأ ایالات متحده، تأثیر خطی و معکوس است. هم­‌چنین تأثیر عدم قطعیت­های همراه با منشأ یکسان، نشان می­دهد عدم قطعیت­های همزمان با منشأ جهانی، روسیه و ایالات متحده، دارای تأثیرگذاری معنادار و غیرخطی هستند. این نتیجه نشان دهنده ضرورت استفاده از مدل­های نوین با امکان بررسی توأمان متغیرهاست. نتایج می­تواند برای فعالان بازار نفت در بازار مالی و هم‌چنین سیاست‌مداران مورد استفاده قرار بگیرد.

Efstathios E. Michaelides

Abstract The substitution of fossil fuels, especially coal, with renewable energy is a crucial step for the CO2 emissions reduction and the avoidance of Global Climate Change. The electric power generation industry is the first economic sector that will have to transition to renewable energy. However, wind and solar energy, the two most abundant renewable energy forms, are not dispatchable. The high penetration of these renewables in the energy market will create a demand–supply mismatch, which can only be alleviated with large-scale energy storage. This paper uses the case of Texas—a state that generates and consumes more electricity than several large, industrialized nations—to quantitatively examine the required infrastructure for the decarbonization of the electricity generation industry, while satisfying the current electric power demand in the State. Among the parameters that are examined are: the additional solar and wind capacity; the necessary energy storage infrastructure; the energy dissipation in the storage/regeneration process; and the effect of decarbonization on the cost of electricity and the welfare of the citizens. The computations show that the technology is available for the transition to a decarbonized electric power sector but requires significant investment in new wind and photovoltaic units as well as substantial energy storage. This would increase the electricity prices by a factor between 2.9 and 3.7 and, would have a disproportionate impact on the citizens in the lower income brackets.

ehsan roostaee, seyyed yaghoub zolfegharifar

In the current situation of the country, the most important necessity is the use of new construction technologies due to its important role in sustainable development. Higher manufacturing speed than traditional methods has made it possible to prepare more units for operation in less time. The purpose of this research is to study new construction technologies in terms of efficiency in Iran and to select the best method based on FAHP fuzzy hierarchical analysis. The research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection, and the research data were analyzed using a hierarchical method. The data collection tool in this field research is a questionnaire. The statistical population of this study was members of the Yasuj Building Engineering System Organization. Random sampling method was used. Morgan's table was used to estimate the sample size, which is equal to 100 people. The results showed that the most important factors in the study of new construction technologies in terms of efficiency in Iran and selecting the best method from the strongest to the weakest, respectively, are the priority of green roof technology, durable frame system, nano building coatings, biological concrete, windows and walls. Thermochromic, cold rolled light steel frame system, two-shell facades, solar panels and trade panels.

Jean Vinicius Cardoso dos Santos Ocampo, Francisco Álisson Paula de França, Bárbara Manuella Cardoso Sodré Alves et al.

Introdução: A prática da atenção à saúde baseada em evidências consiste na resolução de problemas de saúde com foco na tomada de decisão a partir das melhores evidências disponíveis. As diretrizes clínicas (DC) baseiam-se em recomendações sistematicamente desenvolvidas com o objetivo de mediar diferentes interesses em políticas de saúde, melhores práticas, financiamento governamental, contextos locais e escolha do paciente. Sendo assim, considerando o aumento da infecção pelo vírus herpes simplex e tendo em vista que o herpes labial é incurável, DC são importantes devido à necessidade social de garantir uma melhora contínua da assistência ao paciente. Objetivos: Avaliar a qualidade metodológica de DC para o cuidado da população acometida pelo herpes labial. Material e Método: As DC sobre herpes labial foram pesquisadas na base de dados do Medline (via Pubmed), do google acadêmico e da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde do Brasil (BVS), no período de junho a dezembro de 2022, através dos descritores: “herpes simplex” ou “herpes labialis” ou “herpes labial” ou “herpes oral” e, também, de seus sinônimos combinados com os operadores booleanos previamente consultados nos websites Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS, do Brasil). Para avaliação da qualidade, recorreu-se à ferramenta The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation Instrument (AGREE II). Para definição de recomendação ou não da DC, utilizou-se como base o domínio “rigor metodológico” do AGREE II. Assim, para a DC ser considerada “recomendada”, deveria ter escore acima de 50% no domínio “rigor metodológico”. As DC que pontuaram entre 30% e 50% foram consideradas como “rigor de desenvolvimento com necessidade de modificações”, e abaixo de 30% foram consideradas como “não recomendadas”. Resultados: Foram selecionadas, inicialmente, 168 publicações para leitura; porém, apenas 12 atenderam aos critérios do estudo. Havia falta de transparência e rigor metodológico na maioria das DC, o que pode comprometer sua confidencialidade. Apenas duas DC mencionaram declaração de interesse e foram consideradas “recomendadas”, uma diretriz foi considerada “recomendada com modificação” e nove diretrizes não foram recomendadas. Notou-se, ainda, a ausência da participação de cirurgião-dentista em todas as DC. Observou-se consenso nas DC sobre o uso de antivirais nucleosídeos (aciclovir, valaciclovir e famciclovir) como medicamentos recomendados de escolha no tratamento. Sugere-se, para outros estudos, a avaliação das DC a partir de diferentes ferramentas de análise, de modo a realizar comparações entre os resultados obtidos. Discussão e Conclusões: Um redirecionamento para definir prioridades é necessário no desenvolvimento de DC para o herpes labial, a fim de reduzir a variabilidade do padrão de qualidade e gerar recomendações que possam ser confiáveis e aplicáveis. Ademais, ressalta se a necessidade de envolver os cirurgiões-dentistas na equipe de desenvolvimento de DC para melhorar a qualificação das recomendações.

Adriane Cristina Benedetti

Este artigo volta-se para a análise da titulação de territórios quilombolas, temática que ganhou espaço no meio acadêmico, buscando contemplar um aspecto ainda pouco explorado. De maneira geral, os estudos realizados têm focalizado a ação do Executivo Federal na promoção dos direitos territoriais dos remanescentes das comunidades dos quilombolas, o que acaba por invisibilizar a atuação dos demais entes federados. Em função disso, o presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a atuação de governos estaduais na titulação de territórios quilombolas fazendo uso de dados obtidos por meio de pesquisa documental e da realização de entrevistas com agentes públicos envolvidos na execução da política. As reflexões seguem a abordagem dos Instrumentos de Ação Pública, entendidos por Lascoumes e Le Galés (2012) como um meio de orientar a relação entre Estado e sociedade, o que permitiu apontar os limites e as potencialidades da atuação dos governos estaduais na implementação dessa política pública.

Abeer Abd Saleh, Quraish Abbas, Seenaa Ibraheim et al.

In this research, preparation of titanium dioxide nanomaterial (TiO2) using sol-gel method was achieved. 2.5 g weight of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles were added to the local paint using the casting method. Thin films were prepared by drop casting the paint onto the surface of pre-prepared samples, then several tests were carried out including adhesion test, hardness test (Shore B), brightness and whiteness, friction test, contact angle, and antibacterial activity. The nanomaterial at a percentage of 12% showed the best results when it was added to the paint. These results include adhesion strength, hardness strength, and exposing to weather conditions of temperature, and humidity. The adhesive strength increased when adding the nanomaterial from 112 to 139 before exposure to the weather and from 58 to 108 after exposure. The hardness also increased from 77.9 to 86.5 before exposure to the surrounding environment and from 94.2 to 96.8 after exposure. In addition, the paint with TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited antibacterial activity against two types of bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli), staphylococcus aurous (S. aurous) and antifungal candida. Paint with TiO2 nanoparticles is more efficient as antibacterial agents with E. coli as compared with S. aurous and candida.

Srbislav Sarić, Biljana Sarić

Na distributivnom području Novog Sada, u vlasništvu ODS EPS Distribucija nalazi se 35 transformatorskih stanica 35/10kV koje su u proseku stare preko 50 godina. S obzirom na tendenciju da se na ovom distributivnom području postepeno ukidaju naponski nivoi 35kV i 10kV i prelazi na naponski nivo 20kV, neke od ovih transformatorskih stanica su planirane za rekonstrukciju u razvodna postrojenja 20kV. Rekonstrukcija ovih transformatorskih stanica zahteva velika finansijska sredstva jer je njihov građevinski deo u veoma lošem stanju, elektroenergetska oprema je nepouzdana i teško se održava, a pogonska spremnost sve važniji faktor u prikazu uspešnog poslovanja preduzeća. Prilikom rekonstrukcije ovih transformatorskih stanica mora se voditi računa o mogućnosti rezervnog pravca napajanja za kupce električne energije, brzini intervencija i nesmetanom izvođenju preventivnog održavanja. Sa pojavom reklozera otvorilo se novo poglavlje u svetu elektroenergetike. Naime, sada se gore navedeni problemi i zahtevi mogu rešiti na jednostavniji i jeftiniji način uz korišćenje reklozera. U radu će biti prikazan predlog rekonstrukcije transformatorske stanice 35/10kV „Kuzmin“ na području Ogranka Elektrodistribucija Sremska Mitrovica koja je u eksploataciji preko 60 godina, u spoljašnje razvodno postrojenje 20kV koje se formira uz pomoć reklozera ugrađenih na čelično rešetkastim stubovima. Predloženo rešenje može poslužiti za rešavanje istih ili sličnih problema, pre svega, na distributivnom području Novi Sad.

Adam Carmer, Natalia Velikova, Jean Hertzman et al.

In March 2020, universities switched to online learning in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of technology, asynchronous scheduling, and the semi-anonymous nature of online courses created challenges for engaging students and the teacher-student relationship. The problem was especially relevant for curricula with multisensory components like wine tasting. In Summer 2020, the BevEd SIG became a virtual faculty learning community of both experienced and novice beverage instructors. The group discussed their experiences and addressed the pedagogy, logistics, and potential problems of maintaining the sensory perception (seeing, smelling, and tasting) component as an integral part of wine courses regardless of the class format. The experiential learning of sensory perception as the skill of tasting and evaluating wine is also essential in the industry, including wineries, distributorships, wine sales, serving, bartending, and training. The evaluation of the challenges of teaching the sensory perception tasting component of wine courses during COVID-19 and the solutions developed by the BevEd SIG to address them can be considered best practices for wine course instruction and experiential training for staff and customer sales and events.

Marcos Aurélio Saquet

Nos últimos anos avançamos significativamente, no Brasil e noutros países da América Latina, no debate e compreensão das distintas abordagens e concepções de território e desenvolvimento, Ciência popular; território; desenvolvimento. No entanto, algumas questões ainda precisam ser mais bem trabalhadas para clarear possíveis metodologias apropriadas para nossa diversidade natural e cultural. Assim, preparamos este texto com o objetivo de mostrar, didaticamente, a relação direta que existe entre uma abordagem territorial histórico-crítica e a problemática do desenvolvimento. Um dos principais resultados que conseguimos entender, é que se faz necessário vincular o desenvolvimento ao território, mais especificamente às suas singularidades sociais e naturais que precisam, na opção por nós escolhida, ser compreendidas e transformadas de maneira participativa, solidária, ecológica, reflexiva e cooperada, a partir dos princípios e das práticas da ciência popular.

Volodymyr Rashkivskiy, Roman Bordyug

На сьогоднішній день зберігається тенденція використання землерийної техніки зі змінними робочими органами. З точки зору технології виконання робіт це має економічно доцільне обґрунтування [1]. Проте, якщо розглядати довговічність окремих вузлів машини, така експлуатація базової машини призводить до різкого зменшення її довговічності та погіршення експлуатаційних показників, особливо у випадку використання робочих органів активної дії. Гідромолот є активним видом обладнання, що динамічно впливає на базову машину. Під час роботи гідромолота на базову машину діє знакозмінна сила, спрямована уздовж поздовжньої осі молота, обумовлена зворотнопоступальним рухом бойка гідромолота. Динамічний вплив гідромолота на базову машину виявляється  у створенні більш високого вібраційного навантаження, ніж при використанні змінного обладнання інших видів. Підвищений рівень вібраційних навантажень є причиною різкого погіршення експлуатаційних показників машини, що може нівелювати економічну доцільність використання змінного робочого обладнання. Практично проблема гасіння негативних коливань вирішується шляхом використання віброізоляції окремих вузлів машини: внутрішніх вузлів змінного навісного обладнання, елементів підвіски навісного обладнання на базову машину, стрілового обладнання тощо. Засобами ізоляції можуть бути демпфери, системи демпферів або поліуретанових подушок в конструкції гідромолота або систем його навіски на базову машину. Тому доцільним є пошук та аналіз технічних рішень віброізоляції навісного ударного обладнання одноківшевого екскаватора з метою визначення актуальності даної проблеми та подальшого аналізу технічних рішень. Аналіз доцільно проводити по міжнародній класифікації винаходів шляхом патентного пошуку, що найбільш повно відображає реальний стан розвитку визначеної галузі.

Anna Carbone, Luisangela Quici, Giovanni Pica

The paper introduces a modified version of the demographic balance equation commonly used in human demography in the study of populations of permanent crops. The proposed methodology is then applied to analyzing the evolution of the Italian vineyard.In short, the study measures different factors that have had an impact on the extension of the Italian vineyard and on its age structure such as the reduced investments in new plantations; the massive early explant and also the extended life of the vineyards since they are kept in production well beyond the conventional limit of their economic life. Results show that the reduction of the area cultivated with grapes in Italy is due to different reasons, some of which relate to the past while others mirror more recent behaviors of vine growers.The methodology also allows the prediction of tendencies in the future. Three scenarios are built, based on different hypothesis about new investments and explantation rates that account for the wine EU CMO 2013–2030. Projections show, that in the next decades, both the extension of cultivated area and plant age will be deeply influenced by choices that had been made even decades before. Comparing the results obtained under the different hypothesis, helps to assess the range of possible impacts of the new policy framework.In an increasingly global and competitive market, the analysis proposed provides original insights on some future waves in the wine industry both to policy makers and stakeholders. This awareness is especially needed in order to put in place strategies aimed at avoiding supply-demand mismatches in a sector where supply moves slowly while demand trends are fast and almost unpredictable. Keywords: Demographic trends, Future scenarios, Italian vineyards

Marcin Wysokiński, Paulina Trębska, Arkadiusz Gromada

The aim of this article is to assess the energy intensity of Polish agriculture with other sectors of theeconomy. The article also assesses the share of agriculture in final energy consumption in the EuropeanUnion countries. The article uses secondary data from the Central Statistical Office and EUROSTAT.The energy intensity of agriculture in Poland is decreasing and will continue to decline as changes in theagrarian structure and intensification of production in family-owned commodities grow. Comparing theenergy intensity of the economy in EU member countries, it is much higher in newly-admitted countriesthan in EU-15 countries.

Yailet Albernas Carvajal, Gabriela Corsano, Ronaldo Santos Herrero et al.

En el estudio se hace un análisis del tiempo de hidrólisis enzimática de bagazo  pretratado de forma ácida y básica, en función de la obtención de azúcares reductores  totales (ART). Para ello se emplean los resultados obtenidos a nivel de laboratorio, donde se emplearon las enzimas Celulolíticas Novozyme CellicRCTec2 y β-glucosidasa  con código NS50010, en un experimento con un diseño factorial 23 haciendo réplicas al  azar. A partir de los parámetros fundamentales de la cinética enzimática determinadas  por Albernas 2014, para determinar la velocidad de producción de ART en el tiempo,  mediante un modelo cinético pseudo-homogéneo de Michaelis Menten, se combina con  los indicadores dinámicos de rentabilidad en busca del tiempo óptimo de hidrólisis  enzimática en el proceso de obtención de etanol empleando hidrolizado de bagazo.

A.P. Roskilly, Y. Wang

Marcelo José Dias Silva, Lilian Harue Endo, Amanda Latercia Tranches Dias et al.

A espécie Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. (Mimosaceae), conhecida popularmente como sabiá e cerva viva, é uma planta arbórea encontrada na caatinga nordestina brasileira, amplamente utilizada pela população na forma de infusões para o tratamento de feridas, bronquites e anti-inflamatório. Diante do exposto, os objetivos deste estudo, foram determinar as atividades antioxidantes e antimicrobianas do extrato etanólico das folhas (EHM), caules (EHL), cascas do caule (EHC), raízes (EHR) e frações obtidas das folhas de M. caesalpiniifolia Benth. A atividade antioxidante foi avaliada através do método de captação do radical DPPH, enquanto a atividade antimicrobiana foi avaliada pelo método de microdiluição em caldo, sobre leveduras, bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas. A capacidade antioxidante mostrou que a fração acetato de etila (Fr-EtOAc) foi diretamente proporcional ao teor de polifenóis totais com IC50 de 20,08 ± 0,10 µg/ mL e 721,29±0,60 mg de EAG (equivalentes de ácido gálico) por g de extrato. Na atividade antimicrobiana, todos os extratos e frações exibiram atividade inibitória de crescimento frente aos micro-organismos microrganismos avaliados e em concentrações variando de 5 a 1000 μg/mL. A Fr-EtOAc apresentou valores promissores de inibição de crescimento frente a fungos, como Candida glabrata (ATCC 90030) e Candida krusei (ATCC 6258), com concentrações de 20 e 40 μg/mL, respectivamente. Estes resultados são importantes, pois são os primeiros a serem realizados com a espécie M. caesalpiniifolia.