Hasil untuk "Religions. Mythology. Rationalism"

Alexander A. Voronov

This is a survey of Rational Homotopy Theory, intended for a Mathematical Physics readership.

Ram Karan Choudhary, Sunil Kumar Prajapati

In this article, we present a combinatorial formula for computing the Wedderburn decomposition of the rational group algebra associated with an ordinary metacyclic $p$-group $G$, where $p$ is any prime. We also provide a formula for counting irreducible rational representations of $G$ with distinct degrees and derive a method to explicitly obtain all inequivalent irreducible rational matrix representations of $G$.

Liudmila Nikanorova

Book review of Molly H. Bassett and Natalie Avalos (eds): Indigenous Religious Traditions in 5 Minutes. Sheffield: Equinox Publishing, 2022, 278 pp.

Luis Cid, Alvaro Liendo

We establish a one-to-one correspondence between rational multiplicative group actions on an algebraic variety $X$ and derivations $\partial\colon K_X\to K_X$ of the field of fractions $K_X$ of $X$ satisfying that there exists a generating set $\{a_i\}_{i\in I}$ of $K_X$ as a field such that $\partial(a_i)=λ_i a_i$ with $λ_i \in \mathbb{Z}$ for all $i\in I$. We call such derivations rational semisimple. Furthermore, we also prove the existence of a rational slice for every rational semisimple derivation, i.e., an element $s\in K_X$ such that $\partial(s)=s$. By analogy with the case of additive group actions case, we prove that $K_X\simeq K_X^{\mathbb{G}_m}(s)$ and that under this isomorphism the derivation $\partial$ is given by $\partial=s\frac{d}{ds}$. Here, $K_X^{\mathbb{G}_m}$ is the field of invariant of the $\mathbb{G}_m$-action.

Agus Setiawan, Ali Zainal Arifin, Ai Siti Nurjanah

Maryam adalah sosok wanita mulia yang Allah lebihkan diantara banyaknya para wanita. Maryam merupakan wanita yang dekat serta ta’at kepada Allah. Maryam adalah wanita suci sepanjang masa yang namanya disebutkan dalam Al-Qur’an sekaligus diabadikan menjadi salah satu nama surat dalam Al-Qur’an. Jiwa yang bersih dan ketekunan dalam beribadah menjadi salah satu sebab turunnya karamah Allah yang tidak pernah diberikan kepada seorangpun selainnya. Dengan banyaknya karamah yang Allah berikan, ada sebagian para ahli tafsir yang menganggapnya sebagai nabi perempuan. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tentang kontroversi Kewalian Maryam menurut pendapat ahli tafsir. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ketika menafsirkan ayat-ayat karamah Maryam dalam Al-Qur’an penulis menemukan banyak kontroversi para ahli tafsir tentang kewalian Maryam. Perbedaan pendapat itu muncul dari pemahaman mereka dalam menafsirkan ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an. Salah satunya dalam memahami QS. Maryam: 19. Sebagian muffasir ada yang berpendapat peristiwa tersebut sebagai nubuwwah (risalah kenabian) dan ada juga yang berpendapat bahwa peristiwa tersebut bukan sebuah nubuwwah melainkan petunjuk dan kehendak Allah SWT.  

Vercesi Martina

The purpose of this article is to provide a survey of the interpretation of Revelation 19–21 in the early North African Christian communities (II–III century). These chapters refer to one of the most controversial passages of John’s Apocalypse (the eschatological war, the millennial kingdom, and the descent of the New Jerusalem). After a brief methodological reflection, the article will investigate how these chapters were interpreted not only in the early Latin authors but also how this material was employed in martyrdom accounts as well. The study, in fact, will begin with the first Latin document of Christian literature, the Acta Martyrum Scilitanorum, followed by the corpus of Tertullian, the Passio Sanctarum Perpetuae et Felicitatis, and the writings of Cyprian.

Joel Kuhlin

In this paper, the Gospel According to Mark is investigated in search for its ghosts and phantoms. In particular, Mk. 6 and the scene of Jesus walking on water, as well as the story about the empty tomb of Jesus in Mk. 16, are considered as haunted sites. However, rather than finding straight forward ghost stories, following Greco-Roman standards of late antiquity, we are confronted by a different sort of spectrality. In this study the activity of ancient scribes are explicitly thought of as ghostwriters, and connected to their intense hovering around Jesus' tomb, which I see as the production of numerous alternatives to the most original Markan ending (codices Sinaiticus and Vaticanus and Mk. 16:1–8.) The ghostwriters' unwillingness of letting Jesus remain among the dead is then theorized from Apuleius' De Deo Socratis and the ancient ghost category "the Larva". Jesus can be treated as a "larval Christ", haunting early Christian writers, which thereby opens up a kind of spectral theology in the Gospel According to Mark. The aforementioned obsession of the ghostwriters with Jesus' death highlights how the nomadic tendency of the Markan Jesus can be seen as having a theological valency, and that Jesus' death is as paradoxical and enigmatic as his life. In the end, Jesus' ghostly activity in the Gospel According to Mark is found in the unwillingness of the larval Christ to be fully present and available for the Markan audience to fixate on as a static identity or clear theological position.

Fr. Edward Farrudgia

This article is dedicated to the memory of Robert Francis Taft, who was an outstanding 20th century liturgist. It analyzes the main milestones in Taft’s life, as well as his scholarly formation. Given that Taft was a practicing liturgist, rather than a desk researcher, from times dating back to his student years, the author concludes that this is the primary factor which determined Taft’s methodology for liturgical research. Taft’s approach to the study of liturgy involves not only entering into the Church’s experience of prayer as preserved by the tradition, but also the consideration of various socio-cultural aspects in the life of liturgical texts; here he was motivated by a desire to explore the impact of liturgy on people’s everyday lives. Taft’s approach to the study of worship was based on personal knowledge and free from ultimate conclusions. At the same time, Taft studied historical sources meticulously, so as to put them into their proper historical context and take proper account of subsequent events. Taft applies Anton Baumstark’s comparative liturgical method in his research, developing it through the examination of liturgical structures. One of Taft’s most influential teachers was Juan Mateos, who proved the importance of A. Baumstark’s comparative method through his study of cathedral and monastic worship. With the works of his pupils Archimandrite Robert Taft, Fr. Miguel Arranz and others, Mateos was able to lay down new foundations for the use of Baumstark’s comparative method. Archimandrite Taft continued the research of J. Mateos in several directions simultaneously, making a significant contribution to the study of the Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom. In addition to Robert Taft’s main lines of research, this article touches on various topics beyond his historical and liturgical studies, including his works in the fields of practical ecclesiology, problems in ecumenism, issues of unity, and proselytism.

Eleonora Guerrini, Romain Lebreton, Ilaria Zappatore

This paper focuses on the problem of reconstructing a vector of rational functions given some evaluations, or more generally given their remainders modulo different polynomials. The special case of rational functions sharing the same denominator, a.k.a.Simultaneous Rational Function Reconstruction (SRFR), has many applications from linear system solving to coding theory, provided that SRFR has a unique solution. The number of unknowns in SRFR is smaller than for a general vector of rational function. This allows to reduce the number of evaluation points needed to guarantee the existence of a solution, but we may lose its uniqueness. In this work, we prove that uniqueness is guaranteed for a generic instance.

Yaseen M. Yaseen

The subject of reincarnation is one of the most prominent topics of the doctrinal theory leading and prevailing in the religions of ancient India and philosophers and according to the data we have been shown that the thought adopted by Ahmed bin Wall and his band did not restrict and praise the laws of science and reason; The slightest concrete evidence or application is a doctrine that has contaminated their hearts and melted in their minds. The doctrine of reincarnation violated the inevitability of the Baath and the parts contained in the Holy Qur'an and the traces of the prophetic Sunnah that call for believing in them. Focusing on the likes of these important titles that were popular at that time and present, we called the title b: (doctrine of reincarnation in the thought of the wall) after the introduction divided into two topics, the first one of which were two demands: the first definitions about the title, and the second principle of reincarnation The second topic also included two demands: the doctrine of reincarnation in the ideology of the wall and the second: the position of speech scientists on the doctrine of reincarnation and solutions.

Silvia Citro

En este trabajo exploro las semejanzas entre los sacerdotes del Movimiento de Renovación Carismática en el Espíritu Santo y sus rituales con los agentes de la magia y los ritos que les son propios, es decir, los magos. Aunque la magia ha sido abordada ampliamente por los padres fundadores de la antropología y la sociología, me apoyo preferentemente en los planteamientos que al respecto hacen Emile Durkheim, Marcel Mauss y Max Weber. Asimismo, tomo los aportes de de Mircea Eliade, James Frazer, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Bronislaw Malinowski, Rudolf Otto, entre otros.

Lech Narębski

Na podstawie analogii struktur budowli podziemnych – warszawskiego Elizeum i wielu obiektów fortecznych z XVIII-XIX w., artykuł podejmuje próbę zestawienia historycznych metod zabezpieczania ich wnętrz przed wilgocią przenikającą z nasypów, kondensacyjną, podciąganą kapilarnie lub dyfundującą z gruntu. Sposoby zabezpieczania przeciwwilgociowego w fortyfikacji nowożytnej zostały wypracowane w ciągu 4 wieków jej rozwoju (XVI-XIX), w wyniku stopniowego gromadzenia doświadczeń i wiedzy inżynierskiej. Ważnymi elementami tych zabezpieczeń były okładziny z gliny/iłu oraz korytarze obiegające pomieszczenia podziemne o funkcji nie tylko komunikacyjnej, ale również otuliny izolacyjno-wentylacyjnej. Budowle podziemne, poprawnie zaprojektowane na skrajnie niekorzystne warunki użytkowania, mogą trwać dzięki delikatnej równowadze, którą bardzo łatwo naruszyć. Pierwszym warunkiem równowagi jest utrzymanie właściwego reżimu wentylacji i ogrzewania wnętrz podatnych na kondensację. Na zakończenie zaproponowano działania pielęgnacyjno-eksploatacyjne mające na celu zahamowanie postępującej degradacji obiektu oraz zakreślono wskazania do programu badań i założeń przedprojektowych do przyszłych, niezbędnych prac remontowych i konserwatorskich.

Andrej Dujella, Matija Kazalicki, Vinko Petričević

A rational Diophantine m-tuple is a set of m nonzero rationals such that the product of any two of them increased by 1 is a perfect square. The first rational Diophantine quadruple was found by Diophantus, while Euler proved that there are infinitely many rational Diophantine quintuples. In 1999, Gibbs found the first example of a rational Diophantine sextuple, and in 2016 Dujella, Kazalicki, Mikić and Szikszai proved that there are infinitely many of them. In this paper, we prove that there exist infinitely many rational Diophantine sextuples such that the denominators of all the elements in the sextuples are perfect squares.

Caroline Gustavsson

Participation is a term often used in the church. The term is part of the ecclesiastical vocabulary, but is also used outside this context, with a mostly positive connotation and meaning. Participation is described as a right, something that should exist, and as a condition that is, or is not, fulfilled under given circumstances. Often it is a normative aspiration. But what does participation mean? Does one become involved by participating? How is participation expressed in the parishes' fourfold task of worshipping, teaching, carrying out welfare work, and spreading the Gospel in accordance with the church order? The purpose of this article is to examine how participation is reflected in some of the parish instructions of the Church of Sweden. The article argues for the importance of a more clear distinction between being present and being involved. The article also argues that the various aspects that a sense of involvement requires must be clarified. A greater awareness of the complexity of the concept participation can be expected to allow future evaluations of more than quantifiable targets in parish activities.

Neil Pembroke

Participation is defined as being-with and acting-for others with the aim of advancing the common good. Karol Wojtyla’s philosophy of community and the Sub-Saharan ethic known as Ubuntu are used to describe a participative ethic. These philosophies approach participation in a particular way—namely, through positing both an ‘I-Thou’ and a ‘We’ dimension. Neither in Wojtyla’s philosophy, nor in Ubuntu, do we find references to Christian theology. Though it is evident that these philosophies incorporate certain moral values embraced by the Christian community, it is necessary to make the theological alignment explicit. The main aim of the essay is to do just that. It is argued that participation is rightly construed as a Trinitarian ethic.

Demaine Solomons

This contribution provides a conceptual analysis of "reconciliation" as one of the guiding concepts in Christian discourse in South Africa. It is abundantly clear from available literature that reconciliation is understood in very different ways. This is observed from publications as early as the 1960s, a period generally referred to as the "church struggle" against apartheid. Since that time, it is often used to offer theological reflection on social conflict in the country. In this paper, I propose a framework in which one can identify, describe, and assess at least three distinct ways in which the reconciliation concept is understood in theological literature emanating from the South African context. I categorize them as: (1) Justice through reconciliation in Jesus Christ; (2) Justice and reconciliation after liberation; and (3) Reconstruction requires national reconciliation. The famous Christus Victor typology of the three main "types" of atonement developed by Gustaf Aulén is used as a background to these approaches. The purpose of this contribution is to aid continued theological reflection on the basis of a conceptual analysis of creative ways in which the reconciliation concept is used in a Christian context.

Benoit Fresse

In this paper, we set up a rational homotopy theory for operads in simplicial sets whose term of arity one is not necessarily reduced to an operadic unit, extending results obtained by the author in the book "Homotopy of operads and Grothendieck-Teichmüller groups". In short, we prove that the rational homotopy type of such an operad is determined by a cooperad in cochain differential graded algebras (a cochain Hopf dg-cooperad for short) as soon as the Sullivan rational homotopy theory works for the spaces underlying our operad (e.g. when these spaces are connected, nilpotent, and have finite type rational cohomology groups).

Tshilidzi Marwala

This paper studies the question on whether machines can be rational. It observes the existing reasons why humans are not rational which is due to imperfect and limited information, limited and inconsistent processing power through the brain and the inability to optimize decisions and achieve maximum utility. It studies whether these limitations of humans are transferred to the limitations of machines. The conclusion reached is that even though machines are not rational advances in technological developments make these machines more rational. It also concludes that machines can be more rational than humans.

Andrea Ferraguti, Giacomo Micheli

Let $q$ be a prime power, $\mathbb F_q$ be the finite field of order $q$ and $\mathbb F_q(x)$ be the field of rational functions over $\mathbb F_q$. In this paper we classify all rational functions $\varphi\in \mathbb F_q(x)$ of degree 3 that induce a permutation of $\mathbb P^1(\mathbb F_q)$. Our methods are constructive and the classification is explicit: we provide equations for the coefficients of the rational functions using Galois theoretical methods and Chebotarev Density Theorem for global function fields. As a corollary, we obtain that a permutation rational function of degree 3 permutes $\mathbb F_q$ if and only if it permutes infinitely many of its extension fields. As another corollary, we derive the well-known classification of permutation polynomials of degree 3. As a consequence of our classification, we can also show that there is no complete permutation rational function of degree $3$ unless $3\mid q$ and $\varphi$ is a polynomial.