Hasil untuk "Political theory"

Lars Cornelissen

Paddy McQueen

M. Fineman, Anna Grear

P. Bourdieu

S. Harding

J. Zaller, S. Feldman

Maxim Boycko, A. Shleifer, Robert W. Vishny

D. North

P. Krugman, M. Obstfeld

K. Bagwell, R. Staiger

A. Sen

Bo Rothstein, D. Stolle

Robert J. House, H. Arnold, Martin G. Evans et al.

I. Sahin

James N. Druckman

P. Pettit

Krishna Sharma, Khemraj Bhatt

Text-based measurement in political research often treats classi6ication disagreement as random noise. We examine this assumption using con6idence-weighted human annotations of 5,000 social media messages by U.S. politicians. We 6ind that political communication is generally highly legible, with mean con6idence exceeding 0.99 across message type, partisan bias, and audience classi6ications. However, systematic variation concentrates in the constituency category, which exhibits a 1.79 percentage point penalty in audience classi6ication con6idence. Given the high baseline of agreement, this penalty represents a sharp relative increase in interpretive uncertainty. Within messages, intent remains clear while audience targeting becomes ambiguous. These patterns persist with politician 6ixed effects, suggesting that measurement error in political text is structured by strategic incentives rather than idiosyncratic coder error.

Rohan Khetan, Ashna Khetan

While Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as primary sources of information, their potential for political bias may impact their objectivity. Existing benchmarks of LLM social bias primarily evaluate gender and racial stereotypes. When political bias is included, it is typically measured at a coarse level, neglecting the specific values that shape sociopolitical leanings. This study investigates political bias in eight prominent LLMs (Claude, Deepseek, Gemini, GPT, Grok, Llama, Qwen Base, Qwen Instruction-Tuned) using PoliticsBench: a novel multi-turn roleplay framework adapted from the EQ-Bench-v3 psychometric benchmark. We test whether commercially developed LLMs display a systematic left-leaning bias that becomes more pronounced in later stages of multi-stage roleplay. Through twenty evolving scenarios, each model reported its stance and determined its course of action. Scoring these responses on a scale of ten political values, we explored the values underlying chatbots' deviations from unbiased standards. Seven of our eight models leaned left, while Grok leaned right. Each left-leaning LLM strongly exhibited liberal traits and moderately exhibited conservative ones. We discovered slight variations in alignment scores across stages of roleplay, with no particular pattern. Though most models used consequence-based reasoning, Grok frequently argued with facts and statistics. Our study presents the first psychometric evaluation of political values in LLMs through multi-stage, free-text interactions.

Robert Ovbiagbonhia, Carina de Leeuw, Jannet Doppenberg et al.

Purpose: This study aims to develop a comprehensive competence framework for professionals facilitating cross-sector collaboration, innovation, and systemic change across organisational, disciplinary, and cultural boundaries. It addresses the current gap in clearly defined competences required for effective bridge-building roles in educational and organisational settings. Methods: The framework builds on established theoretical perspectives including Systems Thinking (Jesiek et al., 2018), Social Capital Theory (Putnam, 2000), and Adaptive Leadership (Heifetz, 1994; Zhang & Guo, 2020, 2021). These perspectives informed the design of focus group sessions conducted with professionals working on complex challenges within innovation hubs and higher education environments. Thematic analysis was applied to distil recurring patterns and critical competences from these conversations. Results The findings highlight three interrelated domains of competences essential for bridge-builders: ·         Strategic competences – such as navigating political dynamics, setting direction, and enabling innovation; ·         Relational competences – including network-building, stakeholder engagement, and facilitating collaboration; ·         Adaptive competences – like creative problem-solving, iterative design, and process facilitation. Practitioners emphasised the importance of context-sensitivity and flexibility, pointing to gaps between theoretical models and lived realities. In particular, adaptive responsiveness and political sensitivity surfaced as core practical competences not always foregrounded in existing frameworks. Conclusion: By connecting conceptual and empirical insights, this study delivers a robust and practice-informed competence framework for bridge-builders. It offers a foundation for capacity building, assessment, and policy development aimed at strengthening collaborative leadership across boundaries. The framework contributes to meeting today’s multidimensional challenges through inclusive and systemic change processes in both educational and societal contexts. Support/Funding Source: Hanze, Groningen. Keywords: Bridge-building, cross-sector collaboration, competence framework, systemic change, adaptive leadership

Dane Kiambi

This study examines how relationship cultivation strategies are interpreted and enacted by strategic communication practitioners in Kenya’s county governments and corporate sector. Drawing on 38 in-depth interviews and guided by relationship management theory, the study employs a theory-informed inductive approach to explore how six key strategies—access, assurances, openness, networking, positivity, and task sharing—manifest in structurally distinct institutional contexts, extending scholarship on relationship cultivation to an underexamined sub-Saharan African setting. Findings reveal that while corporate practitioners operationalize these strategies through deliberate planning, responsiveness, and integrated stakeholder engagement, county government practitioners often face bureaucratic, political, and infrastructural constraints that undermine even basic efforts at relationship building. These sectoral contrasts highlight how the institutional context influences the cultivation of relationships and strategic communication practices. The study contributes to theory by demonstrating the need for a more context-sensitive and adaptive application of relationship management theory, and it offers practical insights for enhancing public engagement in decentralized governance systems. Beyond deepening understanding of strategic communication in Kenya, these findings carry implications for the global study and practice of relationship management across diverse institutional settings.