This research explores the use of History to enhance education in the field of ICT For Sustainability ICT4S in response to a challenge from the ICT4S 2023 conference. No previous studies were found in ICT4S but the literature on History and Education for Sustainable Development is reviewed. An ICT4S lecturer collaborated with History lecturers to add an historic parallel to each weeks teaching on a Sustainable Business and Computing unit for final year undergraduate BSc Business Computing students. A list of the topics and rationale is provided. Student perceptions were surveyed before and after the teaching and semi-structured interviews carried out. A majority of students saw relevance to their degree and career. There was an increase in the proportion of students with interest in History. The paper explores the lessons learned from the interdisciplinary collaboration, including topic choice, format and perceived value. The project has enhanced the way we approach our subjects as computing and history educators. We believe this is the first empirical, survey-based study of the use of history to enhance ICT4S education. The team will extend the research to a larger unit covering a wider range of computing degrees.
With the evolution of pre-trained language models, current open-domain dialogue systems have achieved great progress in conducting one-session conversations. In contrast, Multi-Session Conversation (MSC), which consists of multiple sessions over a long term with the same user, is under-investigated. In this paper, we propose History-Aware Hierarchical Transformer (HAHT) for multi-session open-domain dialogue. HAHT maintains a long-term memory of history conversations and utilizes history information to understand current conversation context and generate well-informed and context-relevant responses. Specifically, HAHT first encodes history conversation sessions hierarchically into a history memory. Then, HAHT leverages historical information to facilitate the understanding of the current conversation context by encoding the history memory together with the current context with attention-based mechanisms. Finally, to explicitly utilize historical information, HAHT uses a history-aware response generator that switches between a generic vocabulary and a history-aware vocabulary. Experimental results on a large-scale MSC dataset suggest that the proposed HAHT model consistently outperforms baseline models. Human evaluation results support that HAHT generates more human-like, context-relevant and history-relevant responses than baseline models.
Danielle de Brito Silva, Paula Jofré, Patricia B. Tissera
et al.
Phylogenetic methods have long been used in biology, and more recently have been extended to other fields - for example, linguistics and technology - to study evolutionary histories. Galaxies also have an evolutionary history, and fall within this broad phylogenetic framework. Under the hypothesis that chemical abundances can be used as a proxy for interstellar medium's DNA, phylogenetic methods allow us to reconstruct hierarchical similarities and differences among stars - essentially a tree of evolutionary relationships and thus history. In this work, we apply phylogenetic methods to a simulated disc galaxy obtained with a chemo-dynamical code to test the approach. We found that at least 100 stellar particles are required to reliably portray the evolutionary history of a selected stellar population in this simulation, and that the overall evolutionary history is reliably preserved when the typical uncertainties in the chemical abundances are smaller than 0.08 dex. The results show that the shape of the trees are strongly affected by the age-metallicity relation, as well as the star formation history of the galaxy. We found that regions with low star formation rates produce shorter trees than regions with high star formation rates. Our analysis demonstrates that phylogenetic methods can shed light on the process of galaxy evolution.
Dushka Urem-Kotsou, Kyriakos Sgouropoulos, Stavros Kotsos
et al.
Some 27 Neolithic settlement sites have been recorded in Aegean Thrace thus far, of which only few have been excavated, and these by limited trench excavations providing very fragmentary evidence for their intra-site organization, architecture and other aspects of life. The exception to this is Makri near Alexandroupoli, which has been excavated almost in its whole extent revealing rich data for the organization of the settlement and the duration of its habitation. In order to improve the knowledge about the Neolithic settlers of Aegean Thrace, an ongoing project focusing on the Neolithic settlements in the provinces of Rhodope and Xanthe was designed, with the aim to investigate their intra-site organization, duration of habitation, palaeoenvironment, and environmental changes that may have affected the habitation. To this end, archaeological surface survey, multi-component geophysical research, palaeogeographical and geological investigations including borehole cores, and radiocarbon dating of the samples from drilling cores were undertaken at eight Neolithic settlements. In this paper, we present the results of archaeological surface survey of the settlements and digital technologies developed and applied in this research segment with particular focus on Diomedia, which appears to stand out from the rest with its exceptionally large size.
This paper discusses the body of an athlete (sport), ancient Greek sculpture (history of art), digital environment (digital devices - new technologies) and sports marketing (new information systems in business) thus enabling support to different approaches to the system of knowledge in each of the given disciplines. The interdisciplinary (pluralistic) approach opens a possibility to expand not only knowledge, but the scientific awareness as well. The subject of the paper focuses on the phenomenon of the 'permanent record' of sculptures whose theme refers to the events related to an athlete's body in the period of Ancient Greece. Owing to its values, the contents of these masterpieces have had a beneficial effect as they influenced the art of each subsequent period of civilization and are preserved for the future. In the course of a more detailed research and analysis of the history of heritage, new knowledge has been gained that can contribute to the general benefit of the society that we live in. In the digital world, 3D computer animation takes up a very important place within the mass and popular media thus becoming not only the guardian of the heritage of ancient Greece sculptural art depicting the bodies of athletes, but also one of the integral parts of today's general culture, which is mostly used in the promotion of marketing in sports. It is thought that this paper can be inspiring for others in generating new original ideas towards further research.
Vishal Sunder, Samuel Thomas, Hong-Kwang J. Kuo
et al.
Dialog history plays an important role in spoken language understanding (SLU) performance in a dialog system. For end-to-end (E2E) SLU, previous work has used dialog history in text form, which makes the model dependent on a cascaded automatic speech recognizer (ASR). This rescinds the benefits of an E2E system which is intended to be compact and robust to ASR errors. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical conversation model that is capable of directly using dialog history in speech form, making it fully E2E. We also distill semantic knowledge from the available gold conversation transcripts by jointly training a similar text-based conversation model with an explicit tying of acoustic and semantic embeddings. We also propose a novel technique that we call DropFrame to deal with the long training time incurred by adding dialog history in an E2E manner. On the HarperValleyBank dialog dataset, our E2E history integration outperforms a history independent baseline by 7.7% absolute F1 score on the task of dialog action recognition. Our model performs competitively with the state-of-the-art history based cascaded baseline, but uses 48% fewer parameters. In the absence of gold transcripts to fine-tune an ASR model, our model outperforms this baseline by a significant margin of 10% absolute F1 score.
No-go theorems have played an important role in the development and assessment of scientific theories. They have stopped whole research programs and have given rise to strong ontological commitments. Given the importance they obviously have had in physics and philosophy of physics and the huge amount of literature on the consequences of specific no-go theorems, there has been relatively little attention to the more abstract assessment of no-go theorems as a tool in theory development. We will here provide this abstract assessment of no-go theorems and conclude that the methodological implications one may draw from no-go theorems are in disagreement with the implications that have often been drawn from them in the history of science.
Spyros N. Michaleas, Theodoros N. Sergentanis, Neni Panourgia
et al.
Objectives: This Historical Epidemiological study aims to evaluate malaria in Greek refugees during the 1926–1940 period in the region of Imathia, Central Macedonia, Greece, in the context of the Anti-Malaria Battle in Greece. Materials and methods: The archives of the Refugee Hospital of Veria, Imathia were examined (March 5, 1926 to October 27, 1940); this is a report of previously unpublished primary material comprising 15,921 cases, of whom 8,408 patients were hospitalized due to malaria. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for hospitalization due to malaria; adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were estimated. Results: Residence in lower elevation (adjusted OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92–0.97, per increments of elevation), refugee status (from Bulgaria/Balkans, Caucasus, Constantinople and Thrace, Pontus and inland of Turkey), female gender, and younger age (adjusted OR per 10-year increase = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.86–0.90) correlated independently with hospitalization due to malaria. Conclusions: Malaria was the leading cause of admission to the hospital in the region of Imathia during the studied period. The association with elevation reflects the aggravating role of marshes before the drainage of Lake Giannitsa.
The circulation of Turkish fictional television programs among different countries worldwide has been increased crossing over to wider audiences of different cultural regions. The last years there has been a rising production of Turkish series dealing with the foundation and the history of Ottoman Empire, militaristic series as well as drama series that go parallel to the country’s trade expansion in the region, foreign policies, Neo-Ottoman ideology and recent political events . This study deals with specific set of practices found in Turkish drama series that enable them to be cross-culturally consumed with the example of their success in Greece. The audience research presented in this paper indicates cultural proximity as a succorer for this consumption.
Visual Dialog involves "understanding" the dialog history (what has been discussed previously) and the current question (what is asked), in addition to grounding information in the image, to generate the correct response. In this paper, we show that co-attention models which explicitly encode dialog history outperform models that don't, achieving state-of-the-art performance (72 % NDCG on val set). However, we also expose shortcomings of the crowd-sourcing dataset collection procedure by showing that history is indeed only required for a small amount of the data and that the current evaluation metric encourages generic replies. To that end, we propose a challenging subset (VisDialConv) of the VisDial val set and provide a benchmark of 63% NDCG.
In this historic Lomonosov conference on the occasion of 150 year anniversary of the Mendeleev's periodic table, I present the history of neutrino magnetic moment. It was first thought by Wolfgang Pauli and its magnitude was calculated during the gauge theory era.
In this study I evaluate Callimachus’ rhetorical presentation and characterization of local historians and their material as either “old” or “new.” The first section focuses upon the Hecale. I show that Callimachus artificially antiquates and at the same time highlights the newness of previously unattested elements that he draws from the contemporary Attic histories of Philochorus and Amelesagoras I turn to the Aetia in the second section and concentrate on four examples of the poet’s representation of local historians and historical texts. By exaggerating the antiquity of the historian, Callimachus presents himself as a participant in an ancient historical tradition, while simultaneously emphasizing the modern qualities of his own “local history” of the Ptolemaic oikoumene.
Meirav Meiri, Philipp W. Stockhammer, Nimrod Marom
et al.
Abstract The Late Bronze of the Eastern Mediterranean (1550–1150 BCE) was a period of strong commercial relations and great prosperity, which ended in collapse and migration of groups to the Levant. Here we aim at studying the translocation of cattle and pigs during this period. We sequenced the first ancient mitochondrial and Y chromosome DNA of cattle from Greece and Israel and compared the results with morphometric analysis of the metacarpal in cattle. We also increased previous ancient pig DNA datasets from Israel and extracted the first mitochondrial DNA for samples from Greece. We found that pigs underwent a complex translocation history, with links between Anatolia with southeastern Europe in the Bronze Age, and movement from southeastern Europe to the Levant in the Iron I (ca. 1150–950 BCE). Our genetic data did not indicate movement of cattle between the Aegean region and the southern Levant. We detected the earliest evidence for crossbreeding between taurine and zebu cattle in the Iron IIA (ca. 900 BCE). In light of archaeological and historical evidence on Egyptian imperial domination in the region in the Late Bronze Age, we suggest that Egypt attempted to expand dry farming in the region in a period of severe droughts.
Especially suitable for the study of 2-dimensional symmetry, antisymmetry and colored symmetry is the large
number of geometric patterns executed in textile. The tradition of carpet-making in Chiprovtsi, NW Bulgaria is selected
for inscription on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of humanity in 2014 by UNESCO. The
town of Chiprovtsi is rich in history and was also famous all over the Balkan Peninsula for its goldsmiths. The earliest
information about Chiprovtsi carpets dates back from the 17th century. The hand-woven technique,preserving the
ancient way of weaving, is used to produce two-sided flat carpets and nowadays. The present investigation arose from a
desire to clarify contradictory statements regarding the decorative ornaments which are to be found on the carpeting
from different regions in Bulgaria and in the Chiprovtsi carpets particularly.
It is well known that there are 17 classes of symmetry groups of planar ornaments which repeat in at least two
nonparallel directions; these are known as crystallographic plane groups. When each set is denoted by a color, the
geometrical pattern becomes a color pattern (Senechal, 1975). In this respect, preliminary analysis can be made on
symmetry patterns (Shubnikov and Koptsik, 2004).
Characteristic for the composition of the oldest carpets is a rim orbiting a square or rectangular field consisting of
one or more strips. The traditional carpet ornamentations of the Chiprovtsi region are symmetrically organized with
highly stylizing geometric forms. The first ornamental shape which is determined by the technique of weaving is a
triangle (Stankov, 1964). In different models were documented several typical ornaments with specific names as
“kanatitsa”, “makaz”, “kamulka”, “karakachka”, etc.
According to the symmetry elements and operations in different ornaments are recognized p1, pm, cm, pmm, p4,
p4mm and other plane groups arrangements. From each uncolored group of symmetry several colored groups can be
derived if different choices of color-changing symmetry operators are made. In such manner some late models, from
ornamental period, have received and formed an exceptionally rich decorated style.
Twinning phenomenon, as in crystalline nature, was not failed to be recognized from the Chiprovtsi masters and the
beauty of the principle was used in the model composing. It applied in majority with an ornamental match of two or
several patterns. Adding of black-and-white (anti-) symmetry to the p4mm plane group led to the design expressivity of
the oldest carpet example, exposed nowadays in the museum of Chiprovtsi town.
The Arabic geometrical art with its preponderance of hexagonal or trigonal patterns stands unique in the history of
ornamental art, while the two-dimensional geometrical patterns of antique Greece and Rome in the great majority were
based on orthogonal axial systems(Makovicky and Makovicky, 1977). The rhombohedric-like motifs in Chiprovtsi
models known from older carpets apparently borrowed itsdecorative form from the Orient. It is obvious also from
semantic point of view that some of the ornaments have foreign origin, such as “makaz” from Arabic and others.
The most distinctive feature of the Chiprovtsi carpets can be mentioned as use of the simplified triangular forms and
the stylized models. In addition, the most popular motif “kanatitsa” is regularly used in internal and external
architectural decoration of different parts of local public and private buildings
The term hyperthermia is a combination of two Greek words: HYPER (rise) and THERME (heat) and refers to the increasing of body temperature or selected tissues in order to achieve a precise therapeutic effect. This paper reviews the development of thermotherapy by describing the most important moments in its history. For decades, the development of hyperthermia ran parallel with the development of cancer treatment and had numerous connections with electromedicine. Throughout its history, hyperthermia evoked a number of hopes, brought spectacular successes, but also was the subject of many disappointments.
We present a new method to determine the star formation and metal enrichment histories of any resolved stellar system. This method is based on the fact that any observed star in a colour-magnitude diagram will have a certain probability of being associated with an isochrone characterised by an age t and metallicity [Fe/H] (i.e. to have formed at the time and with the metallicity of that isochrone). We formulate this as a maximum likelihood problem that is then solved with a genetic algorithm. We test the method with synthetic simple and complex stellar populations. We also present tests using real data for open and globular clusters. We are able to determine parameters for the clusters (t, [Fe/H]) that agree well with results found in the literature. Our tests on complex stellar populations show that we can recover the star formation history and age-metallicity relation very accurately. Finally, we look at the history of the Carina dwarf galaxy using deep BVI data. Our results compare well with what we know about the history of Carina.
Epsilon-machines are minimal, unifilar presentations of stationary stochastic processes. They were originally defined in the history machine sense, as hidden Markov models whose states are the equivalence classes of infinite pasts with the same probability distribution over futures. In analyzing synchronization, though, an alternative generator definition was given: unifilar, edge-emitting hidden Markov models with probabilistically distinct states. The key difference is that history epsilon-machines are defined by a process, whereas generator epsilon-machines define a process. We show here that these two definitions are equivalent in the finite-state case.
It is a commonplace that any theory can be written in any coordinates via tensor calculus. But it is claimed that spinors as such cannot be represented in coordinates in a curved space-time. What general covariance means for theories with fermions is thus unclear. In fact both commonplaces are wrong. Though it is not widely known, Ogievetsky and Polubarinov (OP) constructed spinors in coordinates in 1965, helping to spawn nonlinear group representations. Locally, these spinors resemble the orthonormal basis or "tetrad" formalism in the symmetric gauge, but they are conceptually self-sufficient. The tetrad formalism is de-Ockhamized, with 6 extra fields and 6 compensating gauge symmetries. OP spinors, as developed nonperturbatively by Bilyalov, admit any coordinates at a point, but "time" must be listed first: the product of the metric components and the matrix diag(-1,1,1,1) must have no negative eigenvalues to yield a real symmetric square root function of the metric. Thus the admissible coordinates depend on the types and values of the fields. Apart from coordinate order and spinorial two-valuedness, OP spinors form, with the metric, a nonlinear geometric object, with Lie and covariant derivatives. Such spinors avoid a spurious absolute object in the Anderson-Friedman analysis of substantive general covariance. They also permit the gauge-invariant localization of the infinite-component gravitational energy in GR. Density-weighted spinors exploit the conformal invariance of the massless Dirac equation to show that the volume element is absent. Thus instead of a matrix with 16 components, one can use weighted OP spinors coupled to the 9-component symmetric unimodular square root of the conformal metric density. The surprising mildness of the restrictions on coordinates for the Schwarzschild solution is exhibited. (edited)