Hasil untuk "Gynecology and obstetrics"

A. Bhide, G. Acharya, C. Bilardo et al.

Fatima Mohamud Ahmed, Fatima Mohamud Ahmed, Abdifetah Ibrahim Omar et al.

BackgroundDespite global advancements in reproductive healthcare, the utilization of modern contraceptives in Somalia remains critically low, marked by significant regional and sociodemographic disparities. This study assessed the prevalence and identified key predictors of modern contraceptive use among Somali women of reproductive age using data from the 2020 Somali Health and Demographic Survey (SHDS).MethodsA nationally representative cross-sectional analysis was conducted on a sample of 2,704 women aged 15–49 years. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression were employed to identify factors associated with the use of modern contraceptives.ResultsThe majority of participants were aged 26 years or older (57.6%), resided in urban areas (85.1%), and belonged to the highest wealth quintile (62.4%). The prevalence of modern contraceptive use among the study participants was exceptionally low at 1.8%. The most commonly reported methods were oral contraceptive pills (0.6%) and implants (0.2%), while the use of intrauterine devices (IUDs) was minimal (0.04%). A significant gap in exposure to family planning information was observed, with only 13.6% of women reported to have received it at health facilities. Key predictors for modern contraceptive use included the age of the women and exposure to family planning education at a health facility. Women aged 26 years and older demonstrated significantly higher odds of using contraception compared to their younger counterparts [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 10.13; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.39–42.97]. Furthermore, women who received family planning information from health facilities were twice as likely to use modern contraceptive methods (AOR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.02–3.88).ConclusionThe findings underscore an urgent need to enhance both the accessibility and knowledge of modern contraceptives in Somalia. Targeted interventions focusing on health facility-based education and expanding the limited variety of available contraceptive methods are crucial to improving uptake and addressing the reproductive health needs of Somali women.

Tatiana Priputnevich, Pavel Denisov, Ksenia Zhigalova et al.

<b><i>Background.</i></b> The establishment and diversity of the gut microbiota during early childhood are fundamental for immune regulation and metabolic processes, with factors such as prematurity, delivery method, antibiotic treatment, and breastfeeding significantly impacting microbiome development and potential health outcomes. <b><i>Objectives/Methods.</i></b> This comparative study examined the gut microbiota composition in children aged 6–8 and 9–12 months, born via spontaneous labor at ≥38 weeks’ gestation, who either did not receive antibacterial therapy or required beta-lactam antibiotics. The composition of the colonic microbiota was analyzed in these fecal samples using a quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). <b><i>Results.</i></b> Significant differences in microbiota composition were observed between groups. Children treated with antibiotics exhibited a statistically significant reduction in alpha diversity indices (Shannon and Simpson), along with decreased colonization of key functionally important microorganisms, including obligate anaerobic bacteria such as <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i>, <i>Clostridium leptum</i>, <i>Bacteroides</i> spp., and metabolically active <i>Bifidobacteria</i> (<i>B. bifidum</i>, <i>B. breve</i>, <i>B. longum</i>). <b><i>Conclusions.</i></b> These microbiota alterations may adversely affect child health by diminishing microbial balance and functional potential, especially during this critical period of immune and metabolic development. The decline in anti-inflammatory, short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria elevates the risk for allergic, atopic, dysbiotic, and metabolic conditions. Recognizing these impacts underscores the importance of strategies to supports microbiota restoration after antibiotic use, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary interventions. Further research should focus on microbiota recovery dynamics to facilitate early intervention and optimize pediatric health outcomes. Overall, understanding antibiotic effects on gut microbiota can guide more judicious treatment approaches, reducing long-term health risks.

Irene López-Ferreruela, Irene López-Ferreruela, Antonio Gimeno-Miguel et al.

IntroductionSecondary prevention after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has the objective of improving quality of life, minimizing recurrence, and reducing morbidity and mortality. Despite European guidelines highlighting the importance of cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF) management and optimal healthcare utilization, inequalities persist, particularly between genders. This study aims to identify and analyze gender inequalities in healthcare utilization and CVRF monitoring during the first year after AMI using real-world data (RWD).MethodsAn analytical study was conducted within the CARhES (CArdiovascular Risk factors for Health Services research) cohort in Aragon, Spain. The study population included 3,464 subjects who survived a first AMI and were followed for one full year after the event. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical data, healthcare utilization, CVRF monitoring and pharmacological prescriptions, were extracted from the Aragon Health Service. Statistical analyses included chi-squared tests, Student's t-tests, and logistic regression, with Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition applied to explore possible explanatory factors for gender differences.ResultsWomen represented 28.3% of the study population. Compared with men, they were older and had a higher morbidity burden. Primary care utilization was similar between genders; however, women had fewer cardiology visits (p &lt; 0.001) and were less likely to achieve risk factor monitoring goals. Differences were also observed in pharmacological treatment, with women being less likely to receive beta-blockers, lipid modifying agents, and antiplatelet agents (p &lt; 0.001). Several of these inequalities persisted after controlling for age. The Oaxaca decomposition showed that age and morbidity burden were the main contributors to gender disparities. In addition, socioeconomic status and place of residence played a role in health services utilization differences.ConclusionsGender inequalities are still present in post-AMI care and CVRF management, with women being more likely to receive less adequate treatment and management. Addressing these inequalities is crucial to ensuring equitable care and improving health outcomes for women.

Xia Cao, Xu Ding, Huihui Sun et al.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine whether dexmedetomidine can reduce the circulatory response in laparoscopic uterine fibroids (UF) surgery. Our purpose was to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the circulatory response in laparoscopic UF surgery. Methods: This was a randomized controlled study of 214 patients age range of 40–60 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) 1–2 grade, undergoing elective laparoscopic UF surgery at Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2020 to October 2023. Patients were randomly allocated to the non-dexmedetomidine group (Group1) and dexmedetomidine group (Group2). The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were measured: when entering the operation room (MAP1, HR1), immediately at the time of local pituitrin injection (MAP2, HR2), and at 5 minutes after injection of pituitrin (MAP3, HR3). The medications and dosages (propofol, urapidil hydrochloride, fluid) used during the operation were recorded as well as the recovery (drowsiness, chills, nausea, vomiting, dysphoria) after the operation. Total mean time from the beginning of the operation to pituitrin injection (Time1) and recovery time after peaking blood pressure with pituitrin injection (Time2) were also recorded. Results: There were no significant differences in age, height, weight, size and number of UFs, and the location of uterine fibroids between the two groups. There were no differences between the groups for MAP1, MAP2, HR1, HR2, HR3, and Time1 (all p > 0.05), but the dexmedetomidine group was smaller in MAP3 (p = 0.041) and Time2 (p = 0.000) than the non-dexmedetomidine group. There were significant differences in MAP3-MAP1 (p = 0.025), propofol (p = 0.011), and urapidil hydrochloride (p = 0.000) between the two groups. The dexmedetomidine group was smaller in chills (p = 0.002), nausea (p = 0.000), vomiting (p = 0.04), and dysphoria (p = 0.024) than the non-dexmedetomidine group. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine maintains a stable hemodynamic response and is beneficial to postoperative recovery in laparoscopic UF surgery. Clinical Trial Registration: The study has been registered on https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ (registration number: NCT03524950).

Joe Strong, Ernestina Coast, Emily Freeman et al.

Ritik Agrawal, Manisha Mishra, Tanveer Rehman et al.

Evidence from various studies on modern contraceptive methods shows that the utilization varies greatly. The present study aimed to estimate the magnitude and determinants for temporary modern contraceptive utilization among reproductive-aged (15-49 years) women in India. We analysed National Family Health Survey-5 data using the “svyset” command in STATA software. Modern contraception utilization was estimated using the weighted prevalence, and its correlates were assessed by multivariable regression by reporting an adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). QGIS 3.2.1 software was used for spatial analysis of different temporary modern contraceptives. The mean (SD) age of 359,825 respondents was 31.6 (8.5) years with 75.1% (n = 270,311) and 49.2% (n = 177,165) of them being from rural area and having completed education up to secondary school, respectively. The overall utilization of modern temporary contraception was 66.1% [95%CI: 65.90–66.35, n = 237,953]. Multigravida (vs. nulligravida) [aPR = 2.13 (1.98–2.30)], higher education of husband (vs. not educated) [aPR = 1.20 (1.14–1.27)], urban (vs. rural) [aPR = 1.06 (1.03–1.10)], watching television less than once a week (vs. not at all) [aPR = 1.04 (1.01–1.08)], divorced (vs. married) [aPR = 0.65 (0.45–0.94)], and Scheduled Tribe (ST) (vs. unreserved) [aPR = 0.92 (0.88–0.96)] were significant independent determinants. The highest utilization of male condoms, IUCDs, pills and injections were in Himachal Pradesh (86%), Nagaland (64%), Tripura (85%), and Ladakh (20%), respectively. Out of every ten reproductive-aged (15–49 years) women in India, six are using temporary modern contraceptive methods. More intervention strategies should be planned, considering factors like gravida, education, residence, health promotion and caste to attain replacement fertility level.

Carla Bazán-Steffens, Óscar C. González

En algunos estudios se ha asociado a la terapia de reemplazo hormonal (TRH) con estrógenos y progestinas a un mayor riesgo de cáncer de mama que la terapia con estrógenos solos. Sin embargo, dependiendo de su naturaleza algunas progestinas serían más seguras que otras. Se buscaron y analizaron artículos atingentes al tema en las bases de datos Google Scholar, PubMed, Science, SciELO y Cochrane, introduciendo los siguientes términos: terapia de reemplazo hormonal y cáncer de mama, progestinas y cáncer de mama, receptor de progesterona. Específicamente se ha asociado a las progestinas sintéticas acetato de medroxiprogesterona, noretisterona y levonorgestrel con un mayor riesgo de cáncer de mama, no así a la progesterona natural, a la progesterona oral micronizada ni a la didrogesterona. La progesterona natural, progesterona micronizada y didrogesterona serían más seguras en TRH para evitar el desarrollo de cáncer de mama, lo que estaría dado por la mayor especificidad en su acción.

C. Kleinrouweler, Fiona Cheong-See, G. Collins et al.

Anna Egorova, Sofia Shtykalova, Alexander Selutin et al.

Uterine leiomyoma (UL) is one of the most common benign tumors in women that often leads to many reproductive complications. Suicide genetherapy was suggested as a promising approach for UL treatment. In the present study, we describe iRGD ligand-conjugated cysteine-rich peptide carrier RGD1-R6 for targeted DNA delivery to αvβ3 integrin-expressing primary UL cells. The physico-chemical properties, cytotoxicity, transfection efficiency and specificity of DNA/RGD1-R6 polyplexes were investigated. TheHSV-1thymidine kinase encoding plasmid delivery to PANC-1pancreatic carcinoma cells and primary UL cells resulted in significant suicide gene therapy effects. Subsequent ganciclovir treatment decreased cells proliferative activity, induced of apoptosis and promoted cells death.The obtained results allow us to concludethatthe developed RGD1-R6 carrier can be considered a promising candidate for suicide gene therapy of uterine leiomyoma.

Behrang Rezvani Kakhki, Mohsen Miri, Morteza Talebi Doluee et al.

Orotracheal intubation is one of the sure ways to manage airways in critical patients (1, 2). Failed intubation (Failure to properly place the endotracheal tube (ETT) in trachea) is a rather common event (3). There have been many techniques to confirm proper intubation, but none of them are applicable in all conditions. Methods such as capnography, tracheal sonography and chest-X-ray, were introduced for verification of proper tracheal intubation but they have their own limitations (4, 5). Given the significance of proper airway management, the authors focused on a secondary method of verifying proper intubation using tracheal tactile method and compared it to existing methods.

A. Rabinovich, R. Abdul-Kadir, J. Thachil et al.

1Thrombosis and Hemostasis Unit, Hematology Institute, Soroka University Medical Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel 2Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Royal Free NHS Foundation Hospital, London, UK 3University College, London, UK 4Department of Hematology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK 5Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan 6Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada 7School of Baccalaureate Nursing, St. Lawrence College, Kingston, Ontario, Canada 8Maternity Department, University Soroka, Gynecology and Obstetrics Division, Soroka University Medical Center, School of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel

Getasew Mulat Bantie, Amare Alamirew Aynie, Mihret kassa Assefa et al.

Abstract Background Unsafe abortion accounts for nearly 60% of all gynecologic admissions and almost 30% of all obstetric and gynecologic admissions. Studies on abortion in Ethiopia have given less attention to women’s perceptions and experiences of abortion laws. Although the 2005 revised abortion law allows women to access safe abortion services, still unsafe abortion is one of the leading causes of pregnancy-related deaths. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess women’s knowledge and attitude towards the Ethiopian current abortion law in Bahir Dar City Administration. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study using a systematic random sampling technique was carried out among 403 randomly selected reproductive age women using a pre-tested structured questionnaire in Bahir Dar City Administration from May to June /2017. Data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 software. Logistic regression was done to identify the possible factors associated with women’s knowledge and attitude towards the Ethiopian current abortion law. Results Three hundred eighty-six respondents partook with a response rate of 95.7%. The study showed that 43% had good knowledge and 38% had a favorable attitude towards the Ethiopian current abortion law. Women’s in the age group of 25–29 years (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.02, 6.9), partner’s educational status of primary (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.19, 7.08), secondary (AOR = 5.5, 95% CI: 2.09, 14.4) and college and above (AOR = 8.2, 95% CI: 2.3, 28.6) were significantly associated with good knowledge of the Ethiopian current abortion law. While partner’s educational status; college and above (AOR = 6.15, 95% CI: 1.87, 20.22) was significantly associated with the favorable attitude towards the Ethiopian current abortion law. Conclusions 43% of respondents had good knowledge and 38% had a favorable attitude towards the Ethiopian current abortion law. Forty-nine respondents had a history of abortion of which, 8 occurred through induction. Woman’s age and partner’s education determine the status of knowledge while merely; the partner’s educational status of college and above was significantly associated with the attitude towards Ethiopian current abortion law, respectively.

Anna Galle, Helma Manaharlal, Sally Griffin et al.

Abstract Background Midwifery care plays a vital role in the reduction of preventable maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity. There is a growing concern about the quality of care during facility based childbirth and the occurrence of disrespect and abuse (D&A) worldwide. While several studies have reported a high prevalence of D&A, evidence about the drivers of D&A is scarce. This study aims to explore midwives’ professional identity and perspectives on the occurrence of D&A in urban Mozambique. Methods A qualitative study took place in the central hospital of Maputo, Mozambique. Nine focus group discussions with midwives were conducted, interviewing 54 midwives. RQDA software was used for analysing the data by open coding and thematic analysis from a grounded theory perspective. Results Midwives felt proud of their profession but felt they were disrespected by the institution and wider society because of their inferior status compared to doctors. Furthermore, they felt blamed for poor health outcomes. The occurrence of D&A seemed more likely in emergency situations but midwives tended to blame this on women being “uncooperative”. The involvement of birth companions was a protective factor against D&A together with supervision. Conclusion In order to improve quality of care and reduce the occurrence of D&A midwives will need to be treated with more respect within the health system. Furthermore, they should be trained in handling obstetric emergency situations with respect and dignity for the patient. Systematic and constructive supervision might be another promising strategy for preventing D&A.

Karen Triep, Nenad Torbica, Luigi Raio et al.

<h4>Background</h4>With an increasing rate of caesarean sections as well as rising numbers of multiple pregnancies, valid classifications for benchmarking are needed. The Robson classification provides a method to group cases with caesarean section in order to assess differences in outcome across regions and sites. In this study we set up a novel method of classification by using routinely collected health data. We hypothesize i that routinely collected health data can be used to apply complex medical classifications and ii that the Robson classification is capable of classifying mothers and their corresponding newborn into meaningful groups with regard to outcome.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>The study was conducted at the coding department and the department of obstetrics and gynecology Inselspital, University Hospital of Bern, Switzerland. The study population contained inpatient cases from 2014 until 2017. Administrative and health data were extracted from the Data Warehouse. Cases were classified by a Structured Query Language code according to the Robson criteria using data from the administrative system, the electronic health record and from the laboratory system. An automated query to classify the cases according to Robson could be implemented and successfully validated. A linkage of the mother's class to the corresponding newborn could be established. The distribution of clinical indicators was described. It could be shown that the Robson classes are associated to outcome parameters and case related costs.<h4>Conclusions</h4>With this study it could be demonstrated, that a complex query on routinely collected health data would serve for medical classification and monitoring of quality and outcome. Risk-stratification might be conducted using this data set and should be the next step in order to evaluate the Robson criteria and outcome. This study will enhance the discussion to adopt an automated classification on routinely collected health data for quality assurance purposes.

Dalau Mukadi Nkamba, Roland Vangu, Moyene Elongi et al.

Abstract Background Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are the second most common cause of maternal mortality in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), accounting for 23% of maternal deaths. This study aimed to assess facility readiness, and providers’ knowledge to prevent, diagnose, and treat pre-eclampsia. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 30 primary health centres (PHCs) and 28 referral facilities (hospitals) randomly selected in Kinshasa, DRC. In each facility, all midwives and physicians involved in maternal care provision (n = 197) were included. Data on facility infrastructure and providers’ knowledge about pre-eclampsia were collected using facility checklists and a knowledge questionnaire. Facility readiness score was defined as the sum of 13 health commodities needed to manage pre-eclampsia. A knowledge score was defined as the sum of 24 items about the diagnosis, management, and prevention of pre-eclampsia. The score ranges from 0 to 24, with higher values reflecting a better knowledge. The Mann-Witney U test was used to compare median readiness scores by facility type and ownership; and median knowledge scores between midwives in hospitals and in PHCs, and between physicians in hospitals and in PHCs. Results Overall, health facilities had 7 of the 13 commodities, yielding a median readiness score of 53.8%(IQR: 46.2 to 69.2%). Although all provider groups had significant knowledge gaps about pre-eclampsia, providers in hospitals demonstrated slightly more knowledge than those in PHCs. Midwives in public facilities scored higher than those in private facilities (median(IQR): 8(5 to 12) vs 7(4 to 8), p = 0.03). Of the 197 providers, 91.4% correctly diagnosed severe pre-eclampsia. However, 43.9 and 82.2% would administer magnesium sulfate and anti-hypertensive drugs to manage severe pre-eclampsia, respectively. Merely 14.2 and 7.1% of providers were aware of prophylactic use of aspirin and calcium to prevent pre-eclampsia, respectively. Conclusion Our study showed poor availability of supplies to diagnose, prevent and treat pre-eclampsia in Kinshasa. While providers demonstrated good knowledge regarding the diagnosis of pre-eclampsia, they have poor knowledge regarding its prevention and management. The study highlights the need for strengthening knowledge of providers toward the prevention and management of pre-eclampsia, and enhancing the availability of supplies needed to address this disease.

A. Satin

Simulation in obstetrics is a widely accepted and valuable tool that benefits all levels of learners from medical students to maternal-fetal medicine subspecialists. What began as an adjunct to medical education now has a rapidly expanding role in acquisition of new and innovative procedures, team and unit training, and safety and quality initiatives. The number of obstetric simulation peer-reviewed reports has increased exponentially in recent years, yet only a small percentage of reports primarily addresses clinical outcomes. Studies link simulation to a reduction in neonatal brachial plexus injury, maternal trauma related to forceps delivery, response to postpartum hemorrhage, efficiency in performing emergent cesarean delivery, and neonatal mortality. Simulation is a required component in accredited obstetrics and gynecology residency training programs. Obstetric simulation has a role in the certification of physicians, and simulation hands-on courses may be used to meet maintenance of certification requirements. As simulation platforms are validated, they are likely to be incorporated into the certification process as a means of assessing technical and communication skills. Accrediting, certifying, professional, quality, and safety organizations have invested in simulation committees, interest groups, curricula, and continuing medical education courses. Support for research, including large multicenter trials, are needed to inform further implementation. Research and development should lead to lower costs and improved simulators. As the public, government, licensing, and credentialing institutions explore means of improving patient safety, expansion of simulation in obstetrics is inevitable.

Jiann-Loung Hwang, Shee-Uan Chen, Hen-Ju Chen et al.

Background/Purpose: The long-acting corifollitropin alfa is comparable to FSH in terms of pregnancy outcomes in normal responders and poor responders. Corifollitropin alfa has never been studied in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients because of concerns of excessive ovarian stimulation and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). The purpose of the study was to evaluate if corifollitropin alfa can be used in PCOS patients. Methods: Forty PCOS patients who were going to undergo in vitro fertilization were enrolled in this study. A single injection of corifollitropin alfa was administered on cycle day 2 or day 3. From stimulation day 8 onwards, daily FSH was administered until the day of final oocyte maturation. Cetrorelix was administered from stimulation day 5 to prevent premature LH surge. Final oocyte maturation was triggered by: acetate. All embryos were cryopreserved and replaced in subsequent cycles. Results: All 40 patients were subjected to oocyte retrieval, and none developed moderate or severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (0%, 95% CI 0–0.088). For each patient, an average of 23.4 (±7.4; 95% CI 21.0–25.7) oocytes were retrieved and a mean of 11.7 (±6.4; 95% CI 9.6–13.8) embryos were frozen. Mean serum estradiol level on the day of GnRHa triggering was 7829.9 pg/ml (±3297; 95% CI 6775–8885). The cumulated ongoing pregnancy rate after 3 frozen-thawed embryo transfers was 75.0% (95% CI 61.6%–88.4%). Conclusion: The results suggest that corifollitropin alfa/GnRH antagonist protocol can be used in PCOS patients, in combination with GnRHa triggering and embryo cryopreservation. Keywords: Corifollitropin alfa, Cryopreservation, GnRH agonist, Polycystic ovary syndrome

Genetu M, Damtie D, Workineh M et al.

Meaza Genetu,1 Debasu Damtie,1 Meseret Workineh,1 Biniam Mathewos Tebeje,1,2 Bamlaku Enawgaw,3 Tekalign Deressa1 1Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 2Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia; 3Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia Background: Pregnancy is a state characterized by profound physiological hematological changes. However, hematological reference intervals being used in clinical practice in Ethiopia are derived from nonlocal general populations, despite the significant variations reported previously. The aim of this study was to determine the immunological and hematological reference intervals in healthy pregnancy among HIV-seronegative pregnant women in northwest Ethiopia.Materials and methods: A total of 200 healthy, HIV-seronegative pregnant women were enrolled from February 2015 to June 2015 in a cross-sectional study setting at Gondar University Hospital. Sociodemographic and obstetric data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Blood samples collected from each participant were used to define the immunological and hematological parameters. The mean, median, and 95% interval values were calculated for the immunological and hematological parameters. P-value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant for all variables.Results: This study found that there were changes in CD4+ T-cell count, platelet count, and hematocrit (HCT) values as pregnancy advances. The calculated combined reference intervals for the absolute CD4+ T-cell count and platelet count were 712.47&ndash;760.67 and 221.25&ndash;240.14, respectively. A progressive decline in the platelet count was observed as pregnancy advanced, with 95% intervals of 224.53&ndash;253.21, 209.50&ndash;237.38, and 213.70&ndash;247.86 in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively (P=0.27). There was a statistically significant increase in mean (&plusmn;standard deviation [SD]) HCT with gestational age, being 39.18&plusmn;6.70, 41.96&plusmn;3.70, and 40.53&plusmn;3.77 in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively (P=0.03). The overall 95% interval for hemoglobin (HB) concentration was 12.99&ndash;13.36&nbsp;g/dL, HCT 40.19%&ndash;41.49%, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) 93.33&ndash;94.63&nbsp;fL, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) 28.88&ndash;34.81&nbsp;pg. Compared with the reference ranges derived from other studies, we found considerable variations in CD4+ T-cell count, HB, HCT, and MCV values.Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the differences in immunohematological profile among pregnant women and nonpregnant women from Ethiopia and other countries, in addition to suggesting the need for such establishment of local reference values for different populations. Keywords: immunological parameter, hematological parameter, pregnant women, reference range, immunohematological reference intervals&nbsp;