Hasil untuk "Science"

D. Lazer, A. Pentland, A. Adamić et al.

Richard T.T. Forman, Daniel Sperling, J. Bissonette et al.

G. G. Pohlman

M. Barr, Charles Wells

E. Kaldis

M. Guha

M. Dodd, S. Janson, N. Facione et al.

E. Nida

Arthur M. Diamond

E. Garfield

T. Forsyth

G. Bond

A. Krapp, Manfred Prenzel

P. S. Hart, E. Nisbet

L. Onken, K. Carroll, V. Shoham et al.

J. Stilgoe, S. Lock, James Wilsdon

This introductory essay looks back on the two decades since the journal Public Understanding of Science was launched. Drawing on the invited commentaries in this special issue, we can see narratives of continuity and change around the practice and politics of public engagement with science. Public engagement would seem to be a necessary but insufficient part of opening up science and its governance. Those of us who have been involved in advocating, conducting and evaluating public engagement practice could be accused of over-promising. If we, as social scientists, are going to continue a normative commitment to the idea of public engagement, we should therefore develop new lines of argument and analysis. Our support for the idea of public engagement needs qualifying, as part of a broader, more ambitious interest in the idea of publicly engaged science.

Z. Dagher, S. Erduran

Clark Barrett, Swarat Chaudhuri, Fabrizio Montesi et al.

We introduce CSLib, an open-source framework for proving computer-science-related theorems and writing formally verified code in the Lean proof assistant. CSLib aims to be for computer science what Lean's Mathlib is for mathematics. Mathlib has been tremendously impactful: it is a key reason for Lean's popularity within the mathematics research community, and it has also played a critical role in the training of AI systems for mathematical reasoning. However, the base of computer science knowledge in Lean is currently quite limited. CSLib will vastly enhance this knowledge base and provide infrastructure for using this knowledge in real-world verification projects. By doing so, CSLib will (1) enable the broad use of Lean in computer science education and research, and (2) facilitate the manual and AI-aided engineering of large-scale formally verified systems.

S. Tan Tanny, S.E. Newman, M. Safe et al.

Introduction: Spontaneous esophago-esophageal fistulization is a reported phenomenon in cases of complex esophageal atresia, however, short and long-term complications are common, including stricture formation. Case presentation: A male twin was born at 29 + 6 weeks gestation weighing 1103 g. Passage of a nasogastric tube was attempted but coiled in the upper esophagus, leading to a postnatal diagnosis of esophageal atresia with distal tracheo-esophageal fistula. At thoracotomy on day 1 of life, the tracheo-esophageal fistula was ligated without problems. Esophageal anastomosis to overcome a 1–1.5 vertebral body gap was attempted but abandoned following significant intraoperative anesthetic complications. Instead, the upper and lower esophageal ends were sutured closed and then apposed under tension using interrupted 4/0 Ethibond®. A contrast study on day 18 of life demonstrated spontaneous anastomosis of the esophageal ends, with reflux of contrast between the upper and lower esophagus, and no extraluminal contrast extravasation. Subsequent contrast studies at ages 4 weeks, 5, 10 and 13 months, and 2 years showed no anastomotic stricture. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at the age of 2 years showed no esophagitis. Gastro-esophageal reflux symptoms remain controlled with medication and no fundoplication has been performed. High resolution esophageal manometry at the age of 3 years demonstrated weak, but coordinated, distal peristalsis. At the age of 4.5 years, the patient is tolerating an unrestricted diet and has a growth curve that matches the curve of his twin sibling. Conclusion: In cases where primary esophageal anastomosis is not possible, opposing the upper and lower pouches with sutures may result in spontaneous esophageal anastomosis not necessarily associated with an anastomotic stricture.