This article examines the impact of corporate financialization on the labour share using data for publicly listed non‐financial corporations across 14 European countries. We test hypotheses derived from industrial relations literature on financialization against competing explanations for the labour share decline based on technological change and market concentration. Our findings show that increased dividend and interest payments, as well as financial profits, are associated with a fall in the labour share. These results support theories linking corporate financialization to rising overhead costs, shareholder‐value orientation and increasing exit options for capital. We find no evidence that technological progress drives the decline in the labour share. While market concentration negatively correlates with the labour share, concentration has decreased during our sample period, suggesting that ‘superstar firms’ are also not the primary driver of changes in functional income distribution.
Background . The parliament in the modern political world is presented, on the one hand, as a compulsory element that is naturally incorporated into the political structure at any level of power, which allows to introduce clearly the institutional position it occupies. On the other hand, the work of a deputy involves publicity, which expands the possibilities of analyzing various aspects and areas of activities of people's representatives. However, the conditions of Russian-Ukrainian war significantly affect and change the work of the national parliamentarian. Methods . The methodological basis of the research is based on the synergy of general scientific, scientific-sociological and philosophical-scientific methods. The fundamental methodological elements of the study of parliamentary activity as a form of state administration are analysis, modeling, forecasting and study of statistical data. General scientific methods provide a collective characteristic of quantitative and qualitative indicators of the development model of parliamentarism in a country at war. The analysis is based on the materials of the scientific discourse of the last five years, which highlight management strategies and practices in this management cluster. For the current study, scientific works were selected from the leading scientometric databases of Google Scholar. Results . Studying the status of a people's deputy as a legal institution in the authorities, which determines the political and normative nature of the deputy's mandate, as well as accountability and controllability to voters, it is possible to distinguish three main types of responsibility. First, it is criminal responsibility, the key concept of which is a criminal offense. Secondly, political responsibility, which lies within the framework of the code concept is a "party program". It makes sense to trace political responsibility both to a party deputy who represents the interests of the people, while adhering to the party's political program, and to a majoritarian deputy who focuses on representative and legislative activities to implement his local program principles. Thirdly, the responsibility is moral, which comes down to the concept of "promise". This type of responsibility is characterized to a greater extent as subjective responsibility, which is derived from the personal qualities of the deputy, such as decency, understanding, compassion and attitude to the population's problems as his own. Responsibility is the most important moral and social-psychological quality of a person. At the same time, it acts as a mechanism of society's control over public-private relations, in the process of which a consensus is reached between personal and public interests. Сonclusions . The effectiveness of the work of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine in the special conditions of martial law attests to the responsibility and stability of parliamentarians. The exercise of powers was characterized by the intensification of work in committees and factions, as well as during plenary sessions against the background of a constant reduction in the number of parliamentarians. At the same time, we don't always see the clarity of their work, there is also the neglect of national interests by some people's deputies. The organization of Ukrainian parliament work in the conditions of martial law has become coherent and effective. The rules of deputy ethics must be mandatory, have an expansive interpretation, regulating the behavior of deputies both on duty and outside of official activity
The article deals with hidden (latent) phenomena of politics, which may influence process of actors’ involvement into political interaction and taken by them decisions, as those remain to be not enough studied in modern science. Once consider a wide variety of academic papers from previous decades and different spheres of social science, it gets quite clear that there was rather permanent research interest for discovering the real role and various forms, through which the mechanisms for latent influencing state and its institutions can evolve. The factor of publicity, which turns to be on the one hand a key attribute for modern political reality, and on the other hand an element of social legitimizing relevant political actors’ intentions and efforts, causes some kind of watershed between a widely studied public sphere and a usually left aside from the positivistic-bound social knowledge latent sphere. The article analyses widely used notions of informality, unpublicity, shadow character of the taken within political dimension actions, which may be involved for describing corresponding facts appearing out of the immediate social control. Specific attention is paid to arguing the terminology of latency, which author finds more appropriate to characterize as a whole all the relations resulted from the close interests and their fulfilment among political actors as well as predetermined regeneration for the specific sphere of their (actors) secret interacting — the latent sphere of politics. On the basis of comparing different approaches appearing in actual theoretical discourse to rendering not proclaimed goals and mechanisms for political self-presentation by participants of modern power relations it develops some basic parameters to distinct latency, latent phenomena and latent sphere in modern political reality.
Christopher Wright, Randi L. Irwin, D. Nyberg
et al.
Despite the worsening climate crisis and market shifts towards decarbonization, Australia remains heavily invested in carbon-intensive activities. As one of the world's largest exporters of coal and gas, Australian political economy has been dominated over the last several decades by fossil fuel expansionism. In this article, we explore how Australian corporate and political elites have defended the continuation of fossil fuel extraction and use in the face of calls for a transition to a low-carbon energy future. Through an analysis of public statements by industry associations, corporate leaders, politicians and trade union officials, we identify how these actors have constructed a hegemonic temporal narrative stressing the historical importance of fossil fuels and that a transition to renewable energy represents a threat to Australia's future. Our analysis contributes to the growing literature within the field of industrial relations attending to the complex industrial dynamics underlying the maintenance of fossil fuel hegemony. We also contribute to recent discussions on hegemony by demonstrating the importance of temporality in linking diverse actors together in defending hegemony. Finally, we highlight the critical importance of corporate power in fundamentally shaping climate and energy politics.
Based on the systematization of modern communicative theories and researches, it has been proven that the concept of «social communication» expresses the unilinear orientation of the information influence of any subject on the object, while feedback or the objectʼs reaction to the influence is not mandatory. Mass communication as a type of social communication occurs on the scale of the entire society, it should be considered as a powerful tool, a means of implementing state policy and an important condition for social development and organization. In a post-industrial society, civil communication is an important way of influencing peopleʼs consciousness, beliefs and behavior (formation of public opinion, public relations) in the form of participation in the implementation of state policy (consultations with public organizations and public control). The current stage of the development of society is associated with a significant spread of information and communication technologies, which contribute to the use of civil communication as a strategic resource for the democratization of the public administration system. In its essence, civil communication can be considered as the information exchange of citizens in the process of interpersonal communication and solidarity communication with public non-governmental organizations and state structures on issues of assessing the state, expressing and protecting human and citizen rights.
The model of “Open Innovations” (OI) can be compared with the “Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations” (TH) as attempts to find surplus value in bringing industrial innovation closer to public R&D. Whereas the firm is central in the model of OI, the TH adds multi-centeredness: in addition to firms, universities and (e.g., regional) governments can take leading roles in innovation eco-systems. In addition to the (transversal) technology transfer at each moment of time, one can focus on the dynamics in the feedback loops. Under specifiable conditions, feedback loops can be turned into feedforward ones that drive innovation eco-systems towards self-organization and the auto-catalytic generation of new options. The generation of options can be more important than historical realizations (“best practices”) for the longer-term viability of knowledge-based innovation systems. A system without sufficient options, for example, is locked-in. The generation of redundancy—the Triple Helix indicator—can be used as a measure of unrealized but technologically feasible options given a historical configuration. Different coordination mechanisms (markets, policies, knowledge) provide different perspectives on the same information and thus generate redundancy. Increased redundancy not only stimulates innovation in an eco-system by reducing the prevailing uncertainty; it also enhances the synergy in and innovativeness of an innovation system.
Neng Indriwati Nurfurqonah, A. Rahmanto, Sri Hastjarjo
The headway of information and communication technology has brought into the world a digital era with the emergence of new media such as Twitter social media. Nowadays social media is increasingly used by the community and can support various activities. This condition has also encouraged a new approach to public relations activities known as online public relations (online PR). This online PR activity is very important in addition to traditional PR activities, Grunig (2009) argues that new media has the potential to make public relations more strategic and global. Currently, Twitter is increasingly being used by government public relations, the Directorate General of Tax (DGT) public relations is no exception. But so far there has been no research related to aspects of communication patterns on DGT’s official Twitter account, so research needs to be carried out as input and evaluation material. This study aims to determine the communication pattern based on Grunig and Hunt’s public relations models in a message or tweet delivered by DGT public relations (Taxmin) on DGT’s official Twitter account (@DitjenPajakRI) by referring to the research conducted by Waters and Williams (2011) at government agencies in the USA. The method used in this study is a quantitative method, with a content analysis approach. This study will analyze the content of tweets in the period of July-August 2018. The results of this study found that overall DGT public relation still relies on one-way communication rather than two-way communication. From 565 taxmin tweets, 70.3% public information, 15.8% two-way symmetry, 12.2% publicity, and 1.8% two-way asymmetry. These results indicate that DGT public relation has used all four public relations models together, although it is not yet ideal, which Taxmin is using public information pattern more than other communication patterns.
Public spheres are sites of communicative interaction that feature citizens turning their attention to collective problems and democratically legitimate solutions. Closely associated with German critical theorist Jürgen Habermas, the idea of public spheres constituted by a range of publics and counterpublics animates a broad array of interdisciplinary scholarship relating to democracy and political theory, argumentation and deliberation, citizenship and civic engagement, media ecologies and the press, and institutions and power relations. Habermas originally theorized the emergence of the bourgeois public sphere as a counterpoint to the aristocratic regimes of early modern Europe, aiming to rescue select democratic practices from an otherwise flawed ideology. Critics of Habermas’s early formulation of the bourgeois public sphere have noted the presence of a multiplicity of public spheres, rather than a single public sphere, the problem of the public/private divide that is definitive of the public sphere, the role of bodies and emotions in addition to language and reason in the formation and operation of publics and counterpublics, the role of media technologies in sustaining and expanding critical publicity, and the difficulties in extracting knowledge claims from the power relations that constitute them. The idea of public spheres has remained resilient despite these criticisms, as any functioning democracy requires a space between the family, the market, and the state to thematize, problematize, and address the challenges of life in groups. Strong public spheres are characterized by hospitality to counterpublics, groups that distinguish themselves from the rational-critical debate of dominant publics through different dispositions, styles, and strategies for steering public attention. Scholarship on public spheres, publics, and counterpublics continues to proliferate, with new directions accounting for the increased prominence of visuality, ecology, digitality, and transnationality in deliberating bodies.
Orientation: There is much research on extrinsic motivation, job satisfaction and life satisfaction in organisations. However, empirical evidence on how such factors affect employees in public organisations in developing countries is lacking. Research purpose: To examine the relationships between extrinsic motivation, job satisfaction and life satisfaction amongst employees in a public organisation. Motivation for the study: Labour strife is an endemic phenomenon in South Africa’s public sector as evidenced by the high incidences of industrial action and labour turnover. This study contributes to this subject by identifying the extrinsic factors that could be optimised with a view to enhancing job and life satisfaction amongst government employees. Research approach, design and method: The study used the quantitative research survey approach: a questionnaire was administered to 246 employees in a South African public organisation. Extrinsic motivation factors were identified using principal components analysis. Mean score ranking was used to compare the relative importance of all factors. The conceptual framework was tested using Spearman’s rank correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. Main findings: Statistically significant relationships were observed between job satisfaction and four extrinsic motivation factors: remuneration, quality of work life, supervision and teamwork. The relationship with promotion was insignificant, but a statistically significant relationship was established with life satisfaction. Practical/managerial implications: The findings may be used to implement strategies for enhancing employee performance and industrial relations within public organisations. Contribution/value-add: The study provides evidence of the interplay between extrinsic motivation, job satisfaction and life satisfaction for public servants in developing countries.
This study aims to find out the effect of event and publicity towards brand awareness on Indonesia Financial Service Authority, usually called with its abbreviation OJK. The research background is because OJK was newly established as a financial service authority, replacing Bank Indonesia. Therefore, exploring the awareness of the people about the function of OJK is interesting to be a research subject.This method used in this study is the quantitative method with 82 samples as the questionnaire respondents. The population chosen was an OJK’s event held at LPPI and Indonesia Banking School with 122 participants. Validity, reliability, normality, multicollinearity, heteroskedasticity, correlation, determination, regression, hypothesis and ANOVA tests are used as a statistical approach in order to define the outcome of the survey. The results of this study are both event and publicity have a positive and a significant influence towards brand awareness partially and simultaneously. As the conclusion, OJK should continue its programs. On the other hand, OJK should find another public relations strategy to accelerate people awareness about the duties of OJK. Keywords: Event, Publicity, Brand Awareness
Mutual information in three (or more) dimensions can be considered as a Triple-Helix indicator of possible synergy in university–industry–government relations. An open-source routine th4.exe makes the computation of this indicator interactively available at the internet, and thus applicable to large sets of data. Th4.exe computes all probabilistic entropies and mutual information in two, three, and, if available in the data, four dimensions among, for example, classes such as geographical addresses (cities, regions), technological codes (e.g. OECD’s NACE codes), and size categories; or, alternatively, among institutional addresses (academic, industrial, public sector) in document sets. The relations between the Triple-Helix indicator—as an indicator of synergy—and the Triple-Helix model that specifies the possibility of feedback by an overlay of communications, are also discussed.
In this article I analyse the changing contours of public sector employment relations in Germany during and after the financial and debt crisis. In order to understand what is distinctive in German experience and what is similar with that elsewhere, I provide a comparative perspective of selected EU member states, especially Austria. First, I describe in some detail the impact of various austerity measures on public sector employees. Second, I analyse collective consequences and challenges for corporate actors and labour market institutions, especially unions and collective bargaining. Third, I offer a brief prognosis for future developments.