"To be rooted is perhaps the most important and least recognized need of the human soul," wrote Simone Weil (1987:41) in wartime England in 1942. In our day, new conjunctures of theoretical enquiry in anthropology and other fields are making it possible and necessary to rethink the question of roots in relationif not to the soul-to identity, and to the forms of its territorialization. The metaphorical concept of having roots involves intimate linkages between people and place-linkages that are increasingly recognized in anthropology as areas to be denatured and explored afresh. As Appadurai(1988, 1990), Said (1979, 1986), Clifford (1988:10-11, 275), Rosaldo (1989:196ff.), Hannerz (1987), Hebdige (1987), Robertson (1988), and others have recently suggested, notions of nativeness and native places become very complex as more and more people identify themselves, or are categorized, in reference to deterritorialized "homelands," "cultures," and "origins." There has emerged a new awareness of the global social fact that, now more than perhaps ever before, people are chronically mobile and routinely displaced, and invent homes and homelands in the absence of territorial, national bases-not in situ, but through memories of, and claims on, places that they can or will no longer corporeally inhabit. Exile and other forms of territorial displacement are not, of course, exclusively "postmodern" phenomena. People have always moved-whether through desire or through violence. Scholars have also written about these movements for a long time and from diverse perspectives (Arendt 1973; Fustel de Coulanges 1980:190-193; Heller and Feher 1988:90; Marrus 1985; Mauss 1969:573-639; Moore 1989; Zolberg 1983). What is interesting is that now particular theoretical shifts have arranged themselves into new conjunctures that give these phenomena greater analytic visibility than perhaps ever before. Thus, we (anthropologists) have old questions, but also something very new.
Hammami Saber, Romdhane Hela, Soualmia Amel
et al.
Sediment transport plays a vital role in river management and flood protection, particularly in regions prone to erosion and deposition. The study aims to assess the impact of roughness modification on the sediment transport process in the Medjerda, Tunisia’s longest perennial river, following a decade of dredging activities implemented for flood protection measures in the Boussalem city. We used the Telemac Sisyphe model to stimulate sediment 17.8 km section, which regularly undergoes dredging crossing the city of Boussalem. This section contains two distinct parts: first a smooth riverbed followed by the variable roughness on both sides of the banks, which is influenced by the existing vegetation cover. The study developed four simulation scenarios, with a smooth riverbed maintained in call cases while the roughness of the second part increasing from smooth to rough. The model-generated outputs facilitated a comprehensive longitudinal and transverse comparative analysis, focusing on flow velocity, shear stress, and bed evolution profile in response to varying roughness levels. The results show a reduction in erosion and deposition phenomena as the roughness as the bank’s roughness increases. this the crucial role of vegetation in stabilizing river banks by, strengthening the cohesion of the riverbed, thus minimizing erosion risks and excessive sediment transport, ultimately maintaining the riverbed’s integrity. These findings contribute to understanding of sedimentation patterns in the Medjerda River and facilitated the prediction of potential impacts on its fluvial morphology.
Water temperature is crucial for aquatic ecosystem health, influencing physical and biochemical processes and determining the distribution of temperature-adapted organisms. Wetlands provide essential ecosystem services, including water quality improvement, yet their thermal regimes are understudied despite the critical role of water temperature in aquatic health. This review synthesizes 35 studies on water temperature controls in natural and constructed freshwater wetlands in predominantly midlatitude regions, published from 2000 to 2023. We identify key water temperature controls at landscape and wetland site-specific scales: landscape features including topography, geology, and land cover, and site factors including vegetation, hydroperiod, hydraulic conductivity, and wetland size. Regional climatic drivers of wetland water temperature are moderated by a site’s position on the landscape, groundwater inputs, and the water surface area-to-depth ratio. Vegetation can provide cooling through shading or contribute to thermal stratification by limiting water mixing. Wetland condition assessments used to assess the health and functionality of wetlands based on various biophysical and hydrological criteria offer insights into spatial influences on temperature change but tend to oversimplify these relationships. This highlights the need for refined typologies that conceptualize nested site-level controls within the broader landscape and account for temporal dynamics. Future research should focus on detailed investigations of thermal variations across wetland types and scales, with enhanced data resolution to support adaptive management amid climate change.
Purpose. The purpose of the article is scientific and practical research into the possibilities of using ecotourism attractiveness within the regional landscape park "Prytysianskyi" (hereinafter referred to as RLP) of the Transcarpathian region. Methodology. The study is based on the integration of scientific approaches to the study of various aspects of the development of ecotourism attractiveness at the regional level. The main research methods are comparative- geographical, statistical, descriptive and analytical. Results. A number of works of domestic scientists, legislative, regulatory and program documents regulating tourist traffic within nature protected territories were analyzed. The essence of the tourist attractiveness of the study area, the possibilities for the development of ecological tourism, and the prerequisites for the functioning of ecotourism infrastructure at the regional level are revealed. It has been proven that attractiveness is the tourist attractiveness of a territory, which is formed primarily in the presence of natural, historical and cultural objects. The prospect of using tourist attractions within a large spacial environmental object is analyzed. A detailed analysis of the ecotourism opportunities of the regional landscape park "Prytysianskyi", located within the Carpathian region of the Transcarpathian region, is given as an example. Based on a thorough analysis, natural, historical and cultural attractions have been studied, and the most popular tourist sites within the RLP have been identified. In addition to interesting tourist sites (natural or historical and cultural), the territory of the Prytysianskyi RLP is conditionally divided into three parts: 1) Latorytska; 2) Borzhavska; 3) Tysianska. For each part, a characteristic of the uniqueness of plant and animal biotopes has been compiled. The Regional Development Strategy of the Transcarpathian Region for the period 2021-2027 has been analyzed, problematic issues of the development of tourism and recreation have been highlighted. For example, the presence and condition of tourist heritage objects, the absence of an investment policy, the outflow of personnel from the service sector abroad, and the low interest of residents of the study area in travelling through their own and neighboring territorial communities are omitted. Scientific novelty. The main accents of the relationship "tourist attractiveness - recreationist (ecotourist) - nature conservation area" have been determined. For the first time, the main tourist attractions within the "Prytysianskyi" RLP have been highlighted. Practical significance. The problems and prospects for the development of ecotourism related to the use of ecotourist attractions, the need to develop tourist routes and brands of the study area, the creation of a unified information space, and modern advertising are highlighted.
Games and sports are an essential part of human life. It can be considered as an intangible cultural heritage of a community. The field of sport and culture refers to the values, ceremonies and way of life characteristics of a given group and the place of sport within that way of life. Like the concept of society, the notion of culture is widely used in the sociological, anthropological and historical study of sport. It encourages the researcher and student to consider the meanings, symbols, rituals and power relations at play within any particular cultural setting. Traditional sports and games as a specific part of the global sport system may engender the notion of old, exotic and endangered cultural manifestations, but to some extent that is only the outsider´s view on an extremely widespread and interesting sub-group of sports, which can be analyzed from different perspectives relating to sociological, anthropological or cultural sciences. Different tribal groups of India also have some of their own traditional games and sports, which reflect their cultural identity and means of recreation and entertainment in leisure time. In Assam the cultural heritage of the Dimasa Tribe has its own resemblance. They are primarily dwelling in the Karbi Anglong and Dima Hasao district of Assam. They are autochthones of the region and they have multiple traditional cultures of their own and some unique ethnic games and sports as well. In this paper an attempt has been made to focus on the various ethnic games of the Dimasas. The studied people of these villages are very much aware of their folk cultural traditions, particularly of their ethnic games and sports. This paper is an attempt to discuss about their different ethnic games; as well as the significance of such ethnic games among the concerned people, with a special reference to their emerging problems and prospects.
The purpose of the publication is the study and analysis of recreational activities in the national natural parks of Ukrainian Polissia under martial law. To this purpose, based on the generalization of information from the official websites of the national natural parks and the information resource about protected nature of Ukraine - Wownature., their general physical and geographical characteristics were carried out, ecological trails, routes that provide an opportunity to get acquainted with the nature of Ukrainian Polissya, and accommodation facilities were indicated. It has been established that recreational activities in the territories of the national natural parks are mainly seasonal in nature. The main problems that affect the functioning of the national natural parks under the conditions of the Russia-Ukrainian war and reduce their ability to perform a recreational function were identified. Most of the parks remain in the zone of security threat: near the Ukrainian-Belarusian and Ukrainian-Russian borders, therefore access to the territory is restricted due to martial law or military operations. The national natural parks of Ukrainian Polissya were grouped by the level of safety of visiting. This made it possible to establish that under martial law, only the Kivertsivskyi National Natural Park "Tsumanskaya Pushcha", located in the conditionally safe macroregion of Tyl, is accessible for visiting. Visiting the territories of the parks located in the dangerous 100-kilometer zone ("Zalissya") and the most dangerous 30-kilometer zone ("Desnyansko-Starohutskyi") is temporarily prohibited. Other NNPs have a visit status of partially restricted. To determine the possibilities of organizing a weekend tour, an assessment of the 100-kilometer accessibility along the main roads to the territory of the NNP "Pushcha Radziwila" created in wartime conditions in 2022 was carried out using the Google Earth Pro web resource. The conducted study confirmed the feasibility of choosing this recreation format.
R. Kravchynskyi, V. Khilchevskyi, M. Korchemlyuk
et al.
Formulation of the problem. The article is dedicated to studying the processes of European spruce stand dieback, a phenomenon that is currently relevant not only in Ukraine but also in most European countries, including the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Germany, Austria, and Poland. The focus is on an in-depth investigation of the relationships between one of the abiotic components – the hydrological factor – and the locations where European spruce dieback occurs on the southeastern slopes of the Carpathians. Geographically, the research area is outlined by the boundaries of the first and one of the largest nature parks in Ukraine, the Carpathian National Nature Park (NNP). Purpose. The aim of the study is to identify the relationships between the processes of European spruce dieback and dynamic and quasi-static (relatively constant) hydrological descriptors in the southeastern Carpathians. Methods. The informational basis for the study includes the results of forest pathology research conducted by specialists of the Carpathian NNP in 2022, along with long-term hydrometeorological observation data from the Carpathian Flood Monitoring Station Network (Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Center of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine). The study also utilized various remote sensing, field, dendrochronological, laboratory, analytical, comparative, cartographic, mathematical, and instrumental methods. Research results. The research established that zones of spruce stand dieback are linked to stream source systems, associated with "meanders" in river channels, and are localized near water springs, particularly those with unique chemical water composition. These features may serve as indirect indicators of connections with regional and local tectonic disturbances. The study found a significant relationship between the annual growth of European spruce trunks and the average annual water discharge of the Prut River (r = 0.6) and the annual precipitation in the area (r = 0.68). In areas where spruce dieback is active, a distinctive evaporation mist formation regime and soil moisture patterns were observed. Temporally, the timing of spruce dieback appears to be connected to abrupt changes in annual water discharge and precipitation levels, likely indicating the impact of "water stress" on the biotic resilience of Picea abies [L.] Karst. Conclusions. The results of this research can contribute to local, regional, or global models for spatiotemporal forecasting of spruce stand dieback processes, not only in the Carpathian region but also in other areas where this issue is relevant. The conclusions and recommendations presented in the article are important for the development of the local tourism and recreation sector, for planning forestry management activities, and for scientific and educational purposes (including conducting scientific excursions and field practices for students in natural sciences, among others).
Vitória Ribeiro Gomes Maria, Figueiredo Ferreira Giulia, Ferreira de Araújo Daniele
et al.
In peripheral countries, the lack of adequate urban planning associated with natural dynamics intensifies the existing vulnerabilities of the environment, causing physical and material losses. Therefore, this research aims to discuss the potential use of Environmental Protection Areas as a tool to drive urban growth with a low-impact development, helping to mitigate urban floods and bringing nature into the city landscape. The municipality of Maricá, located in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is taken as a case study. The method proposed to drive the regional environmental planning and management can be described as a three-stage method coupled with the adapted SWOT Matrix, following: the diagnosis, the prognosis, and the action plan. This process points to the definition of a Hydrological Interest Area that would allow not only the restoration of local vegetation and a better interaction of the population with the watercourses, but also the recovery of areas that have been gradually impacted by the urban expansion. The method presented in this research allows its application in different urban contexts, once it has the objective of recognizing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to allow the elaboration of sustainable actions and guidelines.
<p>Accurate measurements of ice flow are essential to predict future changes in
glaciers and ice caps. Glacier displacement can in principle be measured on
the large scale by cross-correlation of satellite images. At weekly to
monthly scales, the expected displacement is often of the same order as the
noise for the commonly used satellite images, complicating the retrieval of
accurate glacier velocity. Assessments of velocity changes on short timescales and over complex areas such as mountain ranges are therefore still
lacking but are essential to better understand how glacier dynamics are
driven by internal and external factors. In this study, we take advantage of
the wide availability and redundancy of satellite imagery over the western
Pamirs to retrieve glacier velocity changes over 10 d intervals for 7 years
and for a wide range of glacier geometry and dynamics. Our results reveal
strong seasonal trends. In spring/summer, we observe velocity increases of
up to 300 % compared to a slow winter period. These accelerations clearly
migrate upglacier throughout the melt season, which we link to changes in
subglacial hydrology efficiency. In autumn, we observe glacier accelerations
that have rarely been observed before. These episodes are primarily confined
to the upper ablation zone with a clear downglacier migration. We suggest
that they result from glacier instabilities caused by sudden subglacial
pressurization in response to (1) supraglacial pond drainage and/or (2) gradual closure of the hydrological system. Our 10 d resolved measurements
allow us to characterize the short-term response of glaciers to changing
meteorological and climatic conditions.</p>
Tropospheric delay is one of the important factors affecting GNSS positioning accuracy, and there are different ways to deal with the multiple measurement situations. In short baseline measurements, the difference method is commonly used to eliminate tropospheric errors. However, it cannot be used in long baseline measurements or complex weather since it still has great influences on precision measurement after difference calculation. Therefore, modelling method is usually used to reduce tropospheric delay. As it is well known, there are three types of commonly used tropospheric delay correction models, which are suitable for different situations. When any model is used to solve the tropospheric delay in a large scale, there is always an error between the model value and the actual one. In order to investigate the applicability of the three models in different atmospheric conditions, we actually used the measured meteorological data provided by IGS (International GNSS Service) stations as a reference, and then calculated the ZTD (Zenith Tropospheric Delay) with the different models, including Hopfield model, Saastamoinen model and Black model. The calculation results indicate that Saastamoinen model is the most robust and practical model.
En el contexto mundial de la pandemia del COVID-19, las enfermeras/os han estado presente en el cuidado de enfermería, por tanto, se ha hecho imprescindible las estrategias de afrontamiento para lidiar con la situación. Esta investigación, identifica las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por las enfermeras y los beneficios de dichas estrategias, durante la pandemia COVID-19. Se trata de una revisión integrativa de estudios originales publicados de marzo 2020 a junio de 2022 en idioma español e inglés. Partimos de la pregunta estructurada ¿Cuáles son las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por las enfermeras durante la pandemia del COVID-19 y qué beneficios aportaron? La línea de investigación: Práctica en Enfermería. Bases de datos utilizadas, PUBMED, EBSCO Host, LILACS, SCIENCE DIRECT, BVS, SCIELO, MENDELEY y REDALYC. La estrategia que más beneficios aportó a las enfermeras fue la autoeficacia, ya que les permitía evaluar la capacidad con la que contaban para enfrentar los altos niveles de estrés, luego, las centradas en el problema (PFC), centradas en la emoción (EFC) y el desarrollo de la resiliencia.
Atayan Asya, Rakhimbaeva Elena, Chistyakov Alexander
Software has been developed in the C++ programming language using the MPI parallel programming technology, designed for mathematical modeling of the transport of substances in coastal systems. When calculating the dynamics of the spread of a pollutant, the decomposition of the computational domain was carried out to organize the computational process on a multiprocessor computer system K-60 in KIAM RAS. To solve the system of grid equations obtained as a result of the approximation of the problem, iterative methods were used, with a triangular preconditioner.
The recreational potential of the territory is the functional basis of recreation and, in a certain sense, its constituent part. That is, recreational potential is a set of natural, cultural-historical and socio-economic prerequisites for the organization of recreational activities in a certain territory. The basis of the assessment of the recreational potential of the territory is the analysis of the role of all recreational resources in the formation of certain branches of recreation, as well as the identification of promising recreational resources, their influence on the creation of new types of recreation, and also shows that its qualitative and quantitative parameters in combination with socio-geographical factors are important objective prerequisites for the development of the recreational complex. This article examines the natural factors that are part of the tourist potential of the Kobleve territorial community. The main attractions, which can be used to identify the most attractive aspects of the studied territory, and which are expedient to use in the development strategy of the area, are highlighted. A comprehensive geographical description of natural objects involved in the tourism sphere within the studied territory was carried out. Brief information about the Kobleve territorial community is provided. This study showed that the available natural resources, characteristic of the territory of the community, are the foundation as a whole for forming the image of the entire region. Also added is a description of natural objects in the adjacent territories, which can potentially be included in tourist routes organized for visitors to the area. The geography of resorts is expanding. The tendency to increase the resorts in the south of Ukraine, the competition among offers on the tourist market requires the latest approaches in the management of tourist activities, both among local self-government bodies and businesses. A satisfied and ecologically educated guest is expected as a result of such interaction. In general, the dynamics of transformations taking place in Ukraine require fundamentally new approaches to planning the development of all branches of the Mykolaiv region, and even more so for those recognized as priority in the region. Tourism is one of the significant industries of the Mykolaiv region.
Problem statement and Purpose. Today, recreation and tourism are one of the leading, highly-profitable and most dynamic branch of the world economy. In Ukraine, the recreational and tourist sphere has been thwarted by the priority direct development of the national economy. For the several regions, recreation is a priority field of development. In addition to the appearance of recreational resources, in its turn it was poured into the presence of recreational lands. However the assignment of recreational lands on the territory (in nature), the formation of recreational areas and zones on their, the questions of planning of recreational areas is not only relevant, but require new solutions belong to the class of complex methodological and insufficient developed problems. The purpose of the article is analysis of the existing peculiarities, including the legal ones, concerning allocation and use of recreational lands within the framework of planning of recreational areas (zones) for the needs of optimal land use in the conditions of growing up confrontation and competitiveness of different types economical activity. Data & Methods. As a methodological basis used the development that are outlinedin scientific works published O. G. Topchiev, L. G. Rudenko, Yu. M. Palekha, D. S. Malchikova and own researches. Both general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, systematic approach, induction and deduction) and specific scientific methods: historical-geographical, comparative-geographicalmethod, analysis of existing legal sources on the allocation and use of recreational lands were used in the work. Results. The planning of recreational areas (zones), the allocation of recreational lands have certain difficulties due not only to an insufficiently developed methodical base. Even for thirty years, the state has not yet resolved a wide range of issues regarding the determination of recreational lands and their legal “status”, has not fully completed an inventory of the lands etc. Nowadays recreational activities are considered as one of the main forms of interaction between society and nature. Onthe one hand, it is a combined complex analysis of the natural environment, natural conditions and resources for recreational activity. On the other hand, it is the need of society in recreation with all the possibilities of using the resource potential. And all this is happening in the context of the new powers and capabilities of localself-management government in the ordering of the lands, the inventory, and the assessment of the lands. It is clear that this is a complex of methodical and practical work, especially with regard to the land of nature conservation and recreational purposes. Dealing with significant problems can only be done by securing the legal and regulatory framework necessary for the implementation of practical visibility of the tasks. On our thought, all the significance of the legal glades and colossus canbe solved for accepting the separate law of Ukraine “On the Land of Recreational Significance,” in which it would be clearly defined which lands belong to this category, their composition, use and in the presence of the necessary qualified specials.
OBJECTIVES Crown and root traits, like those in the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System (ASUDAS), are seemingly useful as genetic proxies. However, recent studies report mixed results concerning their heritability, and ability to assess variation to the level of genomic data. The aim is to test further if such traits can approximate genetic relatedness, among continental and global samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, for 12 African populations, Mantel correlations were calculated between mean measure of divergence (MMD) distances from up to 36 ASUDAS traits, and FST distances from >350,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among matched dental and genetic samples. Second, among 32 global samples, MMD and FST distances were again compared. Correlations were also calculated between them and inter-sample geographic distances to further evaluate correspondence. RESULTS A close ASUDAS/SNP association, based on MMD and F ST correlations, is evident, with r m -values between .72 globally and .84 in Africa. The same is true concerning their association with geographic distances, from .68 for a 36-trait African MMD to .77 for F ST globally; one exception is F ST and African geographic distances, r m = 0.49. Partial MMD/F ST correlations controlling for geographic distances are strong for Africa (.78) and moderate globally (.4). DISCUSSION Relative to prior studies, MMD/F ST correlations imply greater dental and genetic correspondence; for studies allowing direct comparison, the present correlations are markedly stronger. The implication is that ASUDAS traits are reliable proxies for genetic data-a positive conclusion, meaning they can be used with or instead of genomic markers when the latter are unavailable.
The paper discusses the features of taxation of foreign income of individuals. The main object of the study is the income of seafarers working on ships under a foreign flag, the peculiarities of the calculation and taxation of their wages. The statistical data on the level of wages and the structure of expenses of the families of seafarers are given. The methodological approaches to assessing the indirect contribution of seafarers working for foreign shipowners to the revenue side of the state budget through the purchase of goods, works and services on the territory of the Russian Federation have been substantiated. The proposed algorithm includes four stages. The first stage is the determination of the number of seafarers working on foreign ships. The second stage is the determination of the salaries of seafarers working on ships under a foreign flag. The third stage is the substantiation of the expenses of seafarers on the territory of the Russian Federation. The fourth stage is an assessment of the contribution of seafarers to budget revenues through indirect tax revenues from the goods, works and services they purchase. The paper highlights the main global trends in the issues of state regulation of foreign income of seafarers.
Following the accelerated development of urbanization and industrialization, atmospheric particulate matter has become a significant threat to public health globally. Environmental health studies usually use the mass concentration of fine particles (PM2.5) as a base data to predict the health risks of particulate exposure. However, PM2.5 data from ground monitoring stations in China has not been provided until January 2013 by the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China. Hence, an alternative dataset of PM2.5 spatiotemporal distributions extending to years earlier than 2013 is urgently needed, which is of great significance to atmospheric environment assessment and pollution prevention and control. Atmospheric aerosol products by the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) have been released since 2000, which provides the possibility to reconstruct historical PM2.5. However, most current methods do not have the ability to estimate PM2.5 mass concentration independently of ground observations. The PM2.5 mass concentration data set produced by PM2.5 remote sensing (PMRS) model based on physical processes does not depend on the ground observations, and also is not affected by the uncertainty of model emission sources or the completeness of chemical reaction mechanism. These ensure that the point-by-point validation for PM2.5 mass concentration data is more convincing, and the dataset can also be further used for model assimilation and artificial intelligence training to improve their predictions. In this study, we calculate the monthly PM2.5 mass concentration near the ground over land of China using aerosol inversion products (aerosol optical depth and fine-mode fraction) of MODIS and meteorological data (boundary layer height & relative humidity) provided by the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) data set. The results show that, in China, 6 pollution centers mainly concentrated in the central and eastern regions. The highest PM2.5 mass concentration occurred in winter, whereas the pollution range was larger in summer. There are 63.4% of validation sites with biases within ±20 μg m−3, and the expected error is as ±(15 μg m−3 + 30%) enveloped by the monthly mean PM2.5 mass concentrations. The monthly PM2.5 is stored as NETCDF format, with a spatial resolution of 1°×1°. The published data is available in http://www.dx.doi.org/10.11922/sciencedb.j00076.00061.