Hasil untuk "Education"

Ofelia García, Li Wei

Li Yuan, S. Powell

William J. Hussar, Susan L. Aud, Michael G. Planty

R. Slee, A. Stambach

G. Biesta

Melissa S Medina, Cecilia M. Plaza, C. Stowe et al.

Yasuharu Okuda, E. Bryson, S. DeMaria et al.

A. Rauch, W. Hulsink

K. Engle

Henry A. Giroux

J. Piaget

J. Huisman

N. Zyryanova, O. Komarova

S. Marginson

The world is rapidly becoming more educated at higher education level. In nearly all countries with per capita GDP of more than about $5,000 per annum there is a longterm tendency to growth of participation. The worldwide Gross Tertiary Enrollment Ratio (GTER) increased from 10% in 1972 to 32% in 2012, and is now rising by 1% a year. By 2012 the GTER had reached 50% in 54 national systems, compared to 5 systems twenty years before, and there were 14 countries with a GTER of 75% or more. The tendency to high participation systems (HPS) is common to countries that vary widely in rates of economic growth, education system structures, and financing arrangements, but share the tendency to urbanization. Possible causes include state policies, economic development, aspirations for social position, credentialism, global factors, and combinations of these. The paper describes the tendency to HPS, explores the possible explanations, and begins to reflect on the implications; on the way reviewing prior discussions of growth in participation including Trow (1974), Schofer and Meyer (2005), and Baker (2011). It closes with suggestions for further investigation.

David García-Marín, Ricardo Roncero Palomar, Marina Santín et al.

El presente estudio pretende medir las percepciones y actitudes del estudiantado de Secundaria hacia el uso de la realidad virtual (RV) en materias científicas y tecnológicas, así como analizar los posibles sesgos de género en la valoración de este recurso. Este segundo objetivo se justifica en la escasez de trabajos que aúnan el uso de la RV para la formación STEM con la variable de género. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cuasi-experimental (n = 510) basado en la aplicación en el aula y utilización por parte del estudiantado de cuatro lecciones de asignaturas STEM en RV elaboradas ad hoc para esta investigación en tres centros de Secundaria españoles de diferentes entornos poblacionales y con distintos niveles de experiencia de uso de esta tecnología. Se utilizó para ello el test Instructional Material Motivational Survey (IMMS) validado en anteriores estudios. Los datos resultantes fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Nuestros resultados evidencian que los aspectos mejor valorados de la RV son los relativos a la estructura y diseño de las lecciones, así como su capacidad para facilitar la atención en el contenido. Se observa un notable efecto de la variable de género. Las mujeres perciben de forma significativa una mayor dificultad en la usabilidad de las lecciones y afirman que la experiencia con RV les ayuda menos a mantener la atención. Manifiestan haber aprendido menos que sus compañeros varones y se sienten menos confiadas en su aprendizaje durante el uso de estas tecnologías inmersivas.

Jacqueline McLaughlin, Laura Cruz, Carmen Postolache et al.

Abstract This interview-based research study utilizes a phenomenological lens to explore student (n = 8) and faculty (n = 6) experiences associated with an international undergraduate research program named CHANCE. This program ran for three years (2021–2023) in Romania and focused on water issues confronting the Danube Delta according to the EU Water Framework Directive and Danube River Basin Management Plan and combined undergraduate research (UR) experiences and global learning utilizing a multi-faceted mentoring model. The qualitative coding process revealed that the distinctive form of social learning, among and between faculty and students, contributes to the perceived acquisition of scientific and essential workforce skills, career identity, and advocacy for environmental protection for students and personal fulfillment and pedagogical enrichment for faculty. The findings suggest insights into how new modes of collaborative, transdisciplinary, and applied knowledge can be integrated into the higher education curriculum.

Bilu Gu, Yiming Lv, Jiyu Zhu et al.

BackgroundHumanistic care is a good glue for the doctor-patient relationship, and it is a general trend to improve the practice of humanistic care.MethodsA narrative research method was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with 18 master’s degree nursing students from China who were in the clinical rotation stage, and the data were content analyzed and explored from the perspective of the learners who were learning about humanistic caring practices using the social learning theory model.ResultsThere is a triple tension structure in the practice of humanistic care: At the cognitive level, there is a knowledge-activity rupture, with learners showing theoretical clarity but practical confusion. At the environmental level, it is divided into the dual role of facilitating and inhibiting environments. “rewarding” environments included positive psychological attitudes of patients, caring-friendly departmental environment, perceptually rewarding mindfulness environment, and loving family environment. In contrast, “punishing” environments included patients’ irresponsible attitudes toward themselves, poor care experiences, inflexible management mechanisms, missing incentives. At the behavioral level, there is a dialectical game between constructive and alienating practices. “forward” behaviors included personalized care in the details, respect for patient autonomy, proactive communication and empathy, systemic support and teamwork. Conversely, “backward” behaviors included mechanized procedures and emotional detachment, disregard for privacy and dignity, systemic issues that exacerbate apathy.ConclusionBased on the framework of social learning theory, this study constructs a learning trajectory model of humanistic care to explain the synergistic mechanism between cognitive dimension and environmental system and its two-way shaping of caring practice behavior. The study finds that there is a “black box” phenomenon in which the theory of humanistic care is clear but the practice of humanistic care is confusing in the cognitive dimension, and in the environmental dimension, there are systematic limitations in the traditional biomedical model. Based on the above two-dimensional analysis, this study proposes an optimization path combining cognitive explicit cultivation and environmental support system reconstruction, which points out the direction for breaking through the dilemma of humanistic care practice.

Neil Barnes Abraham, Abhimanyu Pradhan, Suresh Sukumar et al.

Background Breast cancer remains a significant global health concern, with early diagnosis and risk factor identification crucial for improving outcomes. Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) measurements have emerged as promising tools in breast cancer diagnostics. However, the influence of hormonal status on these measurements remains unclear. Objective This scoping review aims to synthesize current evidence on how hormonal changes in pre- and post-menopausal women influence ADC values of benign, malignant, and fibroglandular breast tissues. Method Following the Arksey and O’Malley framework, we conducted a comprehensive search of Scopus, Embase, and PubMed databases for relevant studies published between January 2000 and 2021. Inclusion criteria encompassed 1.5 Tesla MRI studies reporting ADC values in female subjects, considering menopausal status. Results Six studies meeting the inclusion criteria, involving 612 patients, were analyzed. Findings suggest that menopausal status may influence ADC values, with postmenopausal women generally showing lower ADC values in both normal fibroglandular tissue and breast lesions. The impact of menstrual cycle phases on ADC values was less consistent across studies. Conclusions This review highlights the potential influence of hormonal status on ADC values in breast tissues. While DWI with ADC mapping shows promise as a reliable diagnostic tool across different hormonal states, further research is needed to fully understand and account for hormonal influences on ADC measurements. Future studies should focus on longitudinal designs, standardization of DWI protocols, and integration of hormonal status information into breast cancer risk assessment models.

Barasa Larsen, Cahyadi Tri, Simanjuntak Marihot et al.

This investigation explores maritime professionals' perspectives on blockchain-enabled agricultural supply chain integration for island community sustainability. Through qualitative analysis of ten experienced maritime graduates with decade-long industry expertise, the research examines professional readiness for technological transformation within traditional shipping operations. Using phenomenological methodology, the study reveals sophisticated professional understanding of blockchain potential for transparency verification, carbon credit integration, and multi- stakeholder coordination, while identifying critical capacity-building needs for successful implementation. Findings show strong recognition of blockchain benefits for supply chain transparency (80% high recognition) and environmental stewardship (80% high integration potential), but reveal significant development needs in blockchain technology literacy (80% high priority) and agricultural supply chain understanding (70% high priority). The research contributes frameworks for maritime education transformation and industry collaboration strategies supporting comprehensive sustainability initiatives.

Anniek van den Hurk, Martina R. M. Meelissen, Annemarie van Langen

ABSTRACT The so-called leaking STEM pipeline (dropout in STEM education) has been the subject of many studies. The large interest of scholars in plausible causes of this leakage has resulted in a number of meta-reviews describing factors at system, school and student level related to interest and persistence in STEM education. The STEM pipeline discussion has also resulted in a large number of programmes aimed at enhancing STEM interest and persistence in STEM education. Although these programmes have been widely evaluated, there seems to be no consensus about which interventions are successful in raising interest in STEM or persistence in STEM education. This study reports the results of a systematic review of empirical studies in which the effectiveness of STEM-related interventions are assessed. Initially, 538 studies were found. The quality analyses showed that only a few of these evaluation studies are designed in such a way that it is likely that the found effects are caused by the intervention. Although some potentially effective interventions were found, this review shows that there is still a need for research into the effectiveness of those programmes, especially with regard to programmes preventing talented and initially motivated STEM students to drop out of STEM education.