Hasil untuk "Decorative arts"

Mihaela Florentina Constantinescu

This article examines how contemporary mockumentaries critique populist discourse by appropriating and subverting documentary aesthetics. Through comparative analysis of Róbert Lakatos’s Whose Dog Am I? and Netflix’s Death to 2020 and Death to 2021, it traces how strategies of satire, irony, and staged authenticity expose the emotional and visual grammars of nationalism and post-truth politics. Combining discourse theory with close formal analysis, the study argues that mockumentary’s reflexive play with evidence and performance unsettles claims to immediacy and “common sense” central to populism, inviting active, skeptical spectatorship across distinct cultural and industrial contexts.

Olga Apenko (Kurovets)

The study of two enameled plates from the collection of the Bohdan and Varvara Khanenko National Museum of Arts in Kyiv represents the first comprehensive publication on these pieces, previously unknown to the international art historian community. Diversified in various directions, its primary goal is to outline potential methods of contextualization and interpretation, essential for the future reconsideration of the Khanenko museum's exhibition spaces post-war. Initially, the author delineates the plate's attribution to the Pierre Reymond workshop, establishing their dating and summarizing prior research dedicated to identifying items within the same series. Placing these objects within their historical, religious, and social contexts, the study highlights their usage as part of ceremonial services or 'service d’apparat,' as well as their role as conversation pieces, a term adapted from Elisabeth Currie. Recent studies in the fields of graphic arts and drawing history have updated our understanding of the plates named 'June' and 'January,' providing details that not only allow us to identify graphic models for these enameled pieces (attributed to Etienne Delaune) but also unveil the name of the compositions' conceptual author (Baptiste Pellerin). Furthermore, there is an open discussion regarding the appropriate nomenclature for the service's commanders, suggesting a reconsideration from the previously published 'Chaspoux de Verneuil' to 'Chaspoux,' potentially correcting an anachronism. Finally, the study offers additional details for interpreting secondary decorative elements present on the plates, aiming to supplement and enrich the knowledge within the arsenal of museum curators and art historians concerning these exemplary pieces from the prolific Limoges workshop during the latter part of the 16th century.

Dr. Sara Rabea Kenway mahmoud

The symbol is one of the activities of human thought that has been used since ancient times to express ideas and feelings, and the artist sought to represent them through different ages on the products of their artworks loaded with aesthetic meanings in their philosophical concepts and expressive artistic value, so man began to realize what is around him from the manifestations of nature, he sought to find a way to express himself and his needs, realizing some of the new meanings suggested by creatures, and discovering a vocabulary with symbolic meaning to express them. Throughout the ages, the symbol has become expressive and artistic connotations that help building and form the culture of the practicing artist and the receiving connoisseur. Thus, building his artistic and visual language and enriching his vision by analyzing and comparing symbols in different eras. By tracing the aesthetic and artistic formulations of symbols in some ancient arts, they can be used with the eye building as a symbol to develop contemporary design visions, by achieving the design and aesthetic foundations as well as the different formal relationships between the constituent elements of the works of art (designs). To evoke in the same scenes sensory impressions and expressive connotations by combining aesthetic dualities "eyes and symbol" "heritage and contemporary" through formal arrangements of lines, shapes, spaces, elements and colors. In addition to the technical effects of tools and materials and the use of atypical media (chlorine) with an emphasis on rhythms, repetitions and harmonies to enrich the artistic and design field. Therefore, the researcher seeks to uncover: the aesthetic of the construction of the eye and the symbol to develop a contemporary design vision. The aesthetic and semantic dimensions of the ancient heritage arts and its forms, symbols and connotations in the implementation of decorative designs of a special nature, and the use and experimentation of chlorine as an expressive medium, including revealing the artistic and technical capabilities of the artwork (decorative designs) in a way that contributes to enriching the expressive aspect.

Aryo Pradipta Gema, Chen Jin, Ahmed Abdulaal et al.

Large Language Models (LLMs) often hallucinate, producing unfaithful or factually incorrect outputs by misrepresenting the provided context or incorrectly recalling internal knowledge. Recent studies have identified specific attention heads within the Transformer architecture, known as retrieval heads, responsible for extracting relevant contextual information. We hypothesise that masking these retrieval heads can induce hallucinations and that contrasting the outputs of the base LLM and the masked LLM can reduce hallucinations. To this end, we propose Decoding by Contrasting Retrieval Heads (DeCoRe), a novel training-free decoding strategy that amplifies information found in the context and model parameters. DeCoRe mitigates potentially hallucinated responses by dynamically contrasting the outputs of the base LLM and the masked LLM, using conditional entropy as a guide. Our extensive experiments confirm that DeCoRe significantly improves performance on tasks requiring high contextual faithfulness, such as summarisation (XSum by 18.6%), instruction following (MemoTrap by 10.9%), and open-book question answering (NQ-Open by 2.4% and NQ-Swap by 5.5%).

Zhicheng Zhu, Xing Gao, Dominique Manchon

We propose a combinatorial formula for the coproduct in a Hopf algebra of decorated multi-indices that recently appeared in the literature, which can be briefly described as the graded dual of the enveloping algebra of the free Novikov algebra generated by the set of decorations. Similarly to what happens for the Hopf algebra of rooted forests, the formula can be written in terms of admissible cuts. We also prove a combinatorial formula for the extraction-contraction coproduct for undecorated multi-indices, in terms of a suitable notion of covering subforest.

Remko Fermin, Junxiang Yao, Kaveh Lahabi et al.

The phenomenon of s-wave spin triplet Cooper pairs induced in ferromagnetic metals has been researched now for more than a decade, and its main aspects are well understood. Crucial in converting s-wave singlet pairs in the superconductor to s-wave triplets in the ferromagnet is the engineering of well-defined magnetic inhomogeneity (the 'generator') at the interface with the superconductor. Vertical layer stacks are typically used as such, where two separate thin ferromagnetic layers with homogeneous but non-collinear magnetizations, provide the inhomogeneity. Alternatively, magnetic textures, like ferromagnetic domain walls and vortices, are possible triplet generators, although they are far less studied. In this paper we review our experiments on lateral disk-shaped Josephson junctions where a ferromagnetic bottom layer provides a weak link with a vortex magnetization imposed by the shape of the disk. We present three different junction configurations, exhibiting their own generator mechanism. In the first, we utilize the non-collinearity with a second ferromagnetic layer to produce the triplet correlations. The second configuration consists of only the bottom ferromagnet and the superconducting contacts; it relies on the vortex magnetization itself to generate the spin-polarized supercurrents. In the third case we exploit an intrinsic generator by combining a conventional superconductor (NbTi) and a half-metallic ferromagnetic oxide (La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_3$). We find strong supercurrents in all cases. A particularly interesting finding is that the supercurrents are strongly confined at the rims of the device, independent of the generating mechanism, but directly related to their triplet nature. What causes these rim currents remains an open question.

Yao Junxiang, Remko Fermin, Mariona Cabero et al.

In the area of superconducting spintronics, spin triplet supercurrents in half-metallic ferromagnets (HMFs) could yield dissipationless spin transport over large distances, and high current density. Promising among the HMFs is the perovskite oxide La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO), and recent studies in combination with the high-Tc superconductor YBa2Cu3O7, or the conventional superconductor NbTi, showed long range effects. Here we focus on two issues that as yet received less attention: the value of the critical current in the HMF in the limit of a very small electrode distance (20 nm), and the nature of the spin triplet generator. We use lateral junctions shaped as bar, square, and disk, and find high supercurrent densities, of order 10^11 A/m2, pointing to an efficient triplet generation mechanism. This is surprising in the sense that no magnetic inhomogeneity is purposely built in, as is done in conventional metal triplet junctions. Furthermore, from the magnetic field dependence of the critical current interference patterns we find a uniform supercurrent distribution in bar-shaped devices, but one more constricted to the rim in disk devices, which is an expected consequence of the geometry. We also analyze the temperature dependence of the critical current and find the quadratic dependence that was predicted in the limit of small junction lengths. From studying the NbTi/LSMO interface with scanning electron transmission microscopy, we conclude that the magnetic inhomogeneity required for triplet generation resides in the LSMO layer adjacent to the interface.

Evan Patterson

Structured and decorated cospans are broadly applicable frameworks for building bicategories or double categories of open systems. We streamline and generalize these frameworks using central concepts of double category theory. We show that, under mild hypotheses, double categories of structured cospans are cocartesian (have finite double-categorical coproducts) and are equipments. The proofs are simple as they utilize appropriate double-categorical universal properties. Maps between double categories of structured cospans are studied from the same perspective. We then give a new construction of the double category of decorated cospans using the recently introduced double Grothendieck construction. Besides its conceptual value, this reconstruction leads to a natural generalization of decorated cospans, which we illustrate through an example motivated by statistical theories and other theories of processes.

Mohammad Resha Khambali, Yulia Nurliani Lukito

Traditional life in Indonesia is significantly related to spoken culture from the older generation to the young age. This condition unconsciously shows a risk of void space when there is a disconnected generation. Only a small number of written documentation and drawings exist for Vernacular Architecture in Indonesia or Architecture Nusantara. Tazo is one of several villages in Riung district, Flores island, in Nusa Tenggara Timur province, Indonesia. The current condition of the traditional house of Tazo is extinct, and there are no physical traces anymore. In this paper, we will show the excavation of the traditional house of the Tazo with the method of searching for data through oral interviews with existing traditional elders who have experienced living in their traditional house before. Step by step, the shape of this traditional house is illustrated architecturally and can be recognized again by the memory of the traditional elders of Kampung Tazo.

Agung Murti Nugroho

Bioclimatic architecture is an adaptive design to the equatorial tropical climate through passive cooling strategies. This paper aims to evaluate the bioclimatic wisdom of the Minangkabau houses to formulate passive design knowledge with visual observation techniques and measurement of the air temperature and relative humidity. The visual observation method is used to find the level of application of bioclimatic design. The measurement techniques are used to evaluate the thermal environmental comfort in the case study of the Gadang Jopang Manganti House, Munka, Limapuluh Kota, West Sumatra. The result of bioclimatic wisdom elements in the appropriate Gadang Jopang Manganti house is the orientation of the building mass and openings, placement and form of single dwelling space without partition and big roof space. The living room has a comfortable thermal environment performance indicated by the average comfort air temperature, decreasing air temperature, and a longer comfortable period. The development of a bioclimatic design for the Gadang Jopang Manganti House could be taken by improving naatural cooling or optimizing natural ventilation to remove building’s humidity.

Angelo Lucia, Alvin Moon, Amanda Young

We use cluster expansions to establish local indistiguishability of the finite-volume ground states for the AKLT model on decorated hexagonal lattices with decoration parameter at least 5. Our estimates imply that the model satisfies local topological quantum order (LTQO), and so the spectral gap above the ground state is stable against local perturbations.

I.A. Lvova, N.A. Bakhlova

The long period of distance learning in higher education has set difficult tasks for teachers. The article analyzes the course and results of an experiment that was conducted at the Department of Folk Art Crafts of the Moscow State Regional University in 2020. The experiment involved three groups of students in two fields of study: 54.03.01 Design, specialty Costume Design (CD) and 54.03.02 Decorative and Applied Arts and Crafts (DAAC). Students independently identified problems that could arise during distance learning. These are objective factors, such as: insufficient mastering of skills of working with materials and tools, the inability to correct errors and shortcomings immediately, etc.; and subjective factors: psychological problems, deterioration of health indicators, etc. The authors of the article followed the changes in the problems of teaching and made analytical conclusions about how the students’ attitude to the process of remote learning changed. Despite the positive dynamics in students’ perception of online communication with teachers, some of the problems remain unsolvable. For example, the main problem in teaching creative disciplines, in our opinion, was the lack of direct contact between the master and the student, when the skill of artistic work is transferred “from hand to hand”. The authors conclude that the teaching of creative disciplines cannot be completely taken online.

L. Melnyk, Nemyrovycha-Danchenko str. Kyiv Ukraine Design, O. Kyzymchuk et al.

National arts and crafts are not only the skills of an individual nation but an ethnic phenomenon that has unique features and serves as a source of information on national history and culture. Decorative and applied art in Ukraine combines the traditions and techniques of manufacturing and decoration, which have been developed and passed down from generation to generation. It has a clear national identity and numerous regional differ¬ences in ornamental motifs, compositions and favourite colours. Therefore, the Ukrainian folk art has a significant potential and is a source of ideas in creating modern clothing as well as interior items. Embroidery as a way of creating ornamental motifs on a textile material using various techniques is a common process for decorating clothes and interiors for the Ukrainians. Today, ornamental compositions of embroidered folk textiles could be transmitted into modern clothes using various technologies. However, the use of a knitting machine allows creating a pattern during the item production. The ornament transformation into a pattern for knitting can be carried out with graphic software by creating a grid with a cell size similar to the loop size of a knitted structure for corresponding interlooping. A number of clothing and interior items with ethnic motifs was created using the capabilities of flat knitting machines within the masters programme “Knitting Technology and Design” at the Textile Technology and Design Department of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design.

Lawrence R. Sullivan, Nancy Y. Liu-Sullivan

Covering wide-ranging topics from the arts and entertainment to customs and traditions from the ancient imperial and modern eras, Historical Dictionary of Chinese Culture provides more than 300 separate entries along with a comprehensive chronology, glossary of Chinese cultural terms, and an extensive bibliography of Western and Chinese-language sources. Dictionary entries of the decorative and fine arts include ceramics and porcelains, handicrafts, jade and seal carving, jewelry, and painting. The literary subjects range from fiction to non-fiction, but especially poetry. Major entertainment venues of cinema and film, classical puppetry, and theater, both ancient and modern are also covered. In addition to the arts, the authors include major customary practices from childbirth and childrearing to marriage and weddings to funerals and burial practices. Other aspects of the culture are also examined, including crime, foot-binding, pornography, and prostitution, and the government policies aimed at their eradication. Throughout the text, Chinese-language translations of key terms are presented in italics and parenthesis, along with biographies of figures central to the creation of China’s magnificent cultural heritage.

A. Kulakov, A. Ri

The article analyzes the role of decorative ceramics in solving architectural problems of the traditional “architecture - painting - sculpture” triad and organizing the architectural and spatial environment. Ceramists use ceramics in unusual ways. Their solutions are crucial for the synthesis of arts. In the current architectural space, ceramics should not be considered as a building material or an element of the decorative or monumental arts. Its applications in the architectural spatial environment require studies of fundamental problems of the synthesis of arts. A literature review has identified an unusual pace of ceramics development. It penetrates into adjacent areas and shows a trend towards “omnipresence”. Therefore, a deep analysis of the ongoing processes is required. The appearance of a modern city is determined by the huge scale of construction. At the same time, the issues of emotional enrichment and individualization of the architectural space are acute. Irkutsk is famous for its rich historical experience in using ceramics as a building material. It is necessary to preserve the individual appearance of the city with a rich historical heritage. New applications of the ancient material are determined by its remarkable plasticity, color and texture properties. Combining plasticity and color, ceramics can be used as a material for monumental sculpture and jewelry modeling. It is cheap and possess good artistic and utilitarian qualities.

L. Koss

I. Moon

Pink ribbons crisscross around the curved bellies of two porcelain vases, each crowned with a pair of bejeweled white elephant heads. Their curled tusks flank a large potpourri vase in the form of an extravagant ship. This ensemble has held pride of place in the Wrightsman Galleries for the French Decorative Arts at The Metropolitan Museum of Art, demonstrating the exceptional craftsmanship of the Sèvres royal porcelain manufactory in executing Rococo flights of fantasy for royal and aristocratic patrons in mideighteenthcentury France (fig. 1). The garniture exemplified the French court’s predilection for Sèvres porcelain, which was exchanged as diplomatic gifts and prominently displayed on the mantels and tables of wealthy European residences. In subsequent centuries, Sèvres royal porcelain

Stivani Ayuning Suwarlan

One of the efforts to preserve Indonesian culture and heritage is through cultural tourism parks. Therefore, the existence of a cultural tourism park is very important because it has Indonesian cultural values. The problem currently faced by Indonesia, especially Malang City, East Java, is the number of new modern tourism parks that make cultural tourism parks less attractive. The rise number of modern tourism parks in Malang has reached 100% in the last 5 years, while there has been no addition of cultural parks in Malang. As what happened at the Senaputra Cultural Tourism Park, Malang that is famous as a park that preserves traditional culture, especially East Java culture. In the glorious era of Taman Senaputra in 1980s, traditional East Javanese dances and wayangkulit performances were often held. The research method used quantitative and qualitative research. First, through observation to determine the factual conditions of the research area using walkthrough analysis techniques. Second, through questionnaires to find out communities perceptions of preferences between modern parks compared to cultural parks and to find out the communities perception of the Senaputra cultural park main problems. The results of the questionnaire were processed using SPSS and analyzed using a linkert scale to determine the priority scale of main problems. The results of this study showing people preferences and perception index score of modern park 82.04% and cultural park 17.96%. The main problem of less preferences index score of cultural park is due to of the irregular landscape arrangement of the cultural park and does not have the characteristics of Javanese culture as a cultural park and author observation’s resulted that this park also lacks of maintenance and most of park elements are damaged, so there is a need for design directions from the landscape side which has the character of Javanese culture in an effort to revive (revitalize) the cultural tourism park so that it is again in demand and cultural values as the national identity are not forgotten and lost

I Made Dwiki Putrawan, Ni Ketut Agusintadewi, Widiastuti

The socio-cultural life of the Osing in Kemiren Village always interplays with their social activities and interactions, both among local people and travellers who come to visit the village. To accommodate these various activities, the Osing uses communal buildings, such as the Pesantogan Kemangi and two cultural houses: the Sukosari and the Osing. Data from the field reveals that the traditional house is a reference for creating communal buildings. The study aims to disclose the transformation process in spatial patterns and forms that occurs in communal facilities. It discusses a set of combination parts of traditional houses that create communal buildings. A qualitative inquiry was carried out the study with ethnography approach. The result shows that socio-spatial transformation occurs in a dynamic change of communal activities that affect new architectural models of the public buildings. The transformation includes dimensional spatial patterns and building shapes, reduction, and additional spaces and components. Finally, the study contributes to being a reference for future research in the traditional architecture of the Osing. Both the local government and people work organised in preserving traditional architectural values as a pearl of local wisdom. Therefore, it supports and encourages tourism programs in Kemiren Village towards a socially sustainable community

Samuele Giraudo

We introduce a functorial construction $\mathsf{C}$ which takes unitary magmas $\mathcal{M}$ as input and produces operads. The obtained operads involve configurations of chords labeled by elements of $\mathcal{M}$, called $\mathcal{M}$-decorated cliques and generalizing usual configurations of chords. By considering combinatorial subfamilies of $\mathcal{M}$-decorated cliques defined, for instance, by limiting the maximal number of crossing diagonals or the maximal degree of the vertices, we obtain suboperads and quotients of $\mathsf{C} \mathcal{M}$. This leads to a new hierarchy of operads containing, among others, operads on noncrossing configurations, Motzkin configurations, forests, dissections of polygons, and involutions. Besides, the construction $\mathsf{C}$ leads to alternative definitions of the operads of simple and double multi-tildes, and of the gravity operad.