This study investigates generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) usage of university students who study alongside their professional career. Previous literature has paid little attention to part-time students and the intersectional use of GenAI between education and business. This study examines with a grounded theory approach the characteristics of GenAI usage of part-time students. Eleven students from a distance learning university were interviewed. Three causal and four intervening conditions, as well as strategies were identified, to influence the use of GenAI. The study highlights both the potential and challenges of GenAI usage in education and business. While GenAI can significantly enhance productivity and learning outcomes, concerns about ethical implications, reliability, and the risk of academic misconduct persist. The developed grounded model offers a comprehensive understanding of GenAI usage among students, providing valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and developers of GenAI tools seeking to bridge the gap between education and business.
We develop an analytically tractable model featuring heterogeneous workers and firms, where labor markets clear through a one-to-many sorting mechanism. Firms determine both the number and composition of their employees, shaping (1) the income distribution among workers and (2) the productivity distribution across firms. We study business cycles driven by market efficiency shocks that disproportionately benefit more productive firms. The model's implications are consistent with empirical regularities on the cyclical behavior of wage and productivity distributions.
The current study aimed to explore the lexical differences between texts authored by native and non-native English professional architects submitted to ArchDaily, the world’s most visited architecture website. The study focused on lexical diversity and sophistication indices, proved to be theoretically and operationally pertinent to L1 and L2 writing discriminations. The corpus of the study comprised randomly selected texts in the category of residential architecture as the commonest instances of architecture projects written by Iranian and British architects. As stated in the website, the texts are authored and revised by the architects themselves and are strongly advised to undergo thorough review and verification for accuracy and quality. The data underwent analysis using Cohmetrix Core Desktop Beta (2023) package, with the results subsequently input into SPSS for further analysis. Preliminary analysis revealed statistical variances between most of the diversity and sophistication indices with supplementary analysis indicating that lexical indices such as word frequency, familiarity, hypernymy, and diversity significantly contributed to discerning between native speaker (NS) and non-native speaker (NNS) compositions. The study concluded that the writing norms of NS and NNS authors within distinct professional communities may not align with the conventional proficient and non-proficient standards typically observed in language studies. The results highlight the significance of adhering to the target community's stylistic conventions, which carries important implications for instructional approaches in ESP and academic writing programs.
Business communication. Including business report writing, business correspondence
Eliott Thomas, Mickael Coustaty, Aurelie Joseph
et al.
Automating table extraction (TE) from business documents is critical for industrial workflows but remains challenging due to sparse annotations and error-prone multi-stage pipelines. While semi-supervised learning (SSL) can leverage unlabeled data, existing methods rely on confidence scores that poorly reflect extraction quality. We propose QUEST, a Quality-aware Semi-supervised Table extraction framework designed for business documents. QUEST introduces a novel quality assessment model that evaluates structural and contextual features of extracted tables, trained to predict F1 scores instead of relying on confidence metrics. This quality-aware approach guides pseudo-label selection during iterative SSL training, while diversity measures (DPP, Vendi score, IntDiv) mitigate confirmation bias. Experiments on a proprietary business dataset (1000 annotated + 10000 unannotated documents) show QUEST improves F1 from 64% to 74% and reduces empty predictions by 45% (from 12% to 6.5%). On the DocILE benchmark (600 annotated + 20000 unannotated documents), QUEST achieves a 50% F1 score (up from 42%) and reduces empty predictions by 19% (from 27% to 22%). The framework's interpretable quality assessments and robustness to annotation scarcity make it particularly suited for business documents, where structural consistency and data completeness are paramount.
We describe the methods and technologies underlying the application Grants4Companies. The application uses a logic-based expert system to display a list of business grants suitable for the logged-in business. To evaluate suitability of the grants, formal representations of their conditions are evaluated against properties of the business, taken from the registers of the Austrian public administration. The logical language for the representations of the grant conditions is based on S-expressions. We further describe a Proof of Concept implementation of reasoning over the formalised grant conditions. The proof of concept is implemented in Common Lisp and interfaces with a reasoning engine implemented in Scryer Prolog. The application has recently gone live and is provided as part of the Business Service Portal by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Finance.
Mario Roberto López Sajquin, Gerber Gustavo Flores Dueñas
Over time, technological evolution has had an impact on all business organizations where the need to be able to constantly innovate in all the internal processes of your company is created. Today the commercial market is very competitive and causes companies to see a deeper horizon and adopt certain methodologies and new processes such as digital transformation.According to the consulting firm Mckinzey, due to the pandemic, it has forced many entities to advance this adoption of new technologies, including the optimization of some manual processes, which have to be automated, but before talking about these technologies, we will verify some stumbling blocks that the digital transformation has that we detail below. according to (Weaver, 2021): 1) The approval of the directors: This is the biggest obstacle of the 3 points because most probably the directors in their planning have invested technological tools that due to pandemic issues, these became obsolete, but according to studies at the beginning of the year 2020 ( KPMG, 2020), “67% of executives in the United States expressed a great concern regarding the migration of all their businesses to the cloud, however, this quickly turned from being a concern to a necessity where as a result , 70% of managers have an affirmation that the new digital models had a great advance as a result of the pandemic”. 2) Resistance to change in human resources: this concept is not new in the market, because the lack of communication between the project leaders and the areas involved is not very effective, resulting in an environment of uncertainty and doubts about what that is being done. This exclusion of the staff and not making them part of our project, makes many people resist change, being a great obstacle for our technological project. It is always essential to be aware that the new technologies that are being implemented will most likely be used by these users, but it should also be considered that our users are used to executing and carrying out processes that are well known and it is the change in their routine that generates some fear or discomfort. 3) Reduce dependence on traditional tools: for some authors, this point is the continuity of the previous one, since users know how to use the computer tools they have used for years and a new update means for them to start over from scratch. Migrating to new technological tools must mean that for the company it will bring many benefits, as well as improve the quality of life of its users. Contrary to the previous points, the benefits obtained in the digital transformation can be indicated according to (CMC, 2020):1) Faster response to changes.2) Improve the customer experience.3) Make better decisions.4) New business opportunities.5) Reduce risks.6) Increases the productivity of the company.7) It favors collaborative work.8) Promotes innovation.9) Advantage over the competition.10) Decentralization of work. The digital transformation combines three important aspects in its development, starting with an open culture, new technologies and constant processes. For the latter, they can be implemented in different ways, such as robotic process automation (RPA). For (ToBeIt, 2022), RPA "is one of the keys to the transformation of companies since it is allowing the automation of superfluous and repetitive processes or tasks through specific rules". With this definition, various types of services can be created that lead to 24-hour care without the need for human intervention, of course, that the objective of RPA is not to replace human resources but rather to be able to optimize tasks carried out by users, providing the opportunity for the user to carry out other activities where they involve some type of decision. The different RPA tools, some of them entail a certain degree of programming knowledge, but, however, there are others that are very friendly and/or are carried out through a natural language, making it possible for the same user to configure them and plan their execution, taking into account the following activities: 1) Security and access to the tool, through the management of credentials and the roles of each user.2) Compatibility with existing applications in the company.3) User interface, the application must be as friendly to new users as it is to experienced users. In order to implement an RPA tool, it is essential to evaluate the following aspects: 1) Identify those repetitive tasks that consume many hours of work.2) Design and parameterization of the optimized workflow.3) Planning the implementation of the RPA tool together with constant monitoring of its execution. The benefits of implementing an RPA are: 1) Realization and execution of tasks 24*7 without the need for human intervention.2) Greater efficiency between 50% and 90% of current processes.3) Time savings, since the robot is much faster than human action.4) Because it has no human intervention, it can be said that the RPA has a margin of error of 0%.5) An RPA can be implemented without the intervention of a company IT team. According to the magic square of Garther 2021 "estimates that 85% of companies with revenues greater than 1,000 million dollars will have deployed RPA by the end of the year 2022, a percentage that at the end of 2018 was 60%". Another very important fact is that a study by (Hidalgo, 2022) indicates that "in 2021, the business volume linked to this technology has been approximately $2B and an exponential growth of the RPA market is expected until it reaches a volume of 13.4B$ in the year 2030”. This information tells us that many companies are investing in RPA due to the benefits that they imply. In a report generated in (flobotics-io, 2022) it indicates that "the use of RPA in industries, 38% is insurance companies, 36% is retail and hospitality, 30% is energy companies and utilities, with the same percentage is in health care companies, 24% in banking and financial entities and finally with 22% in pharmaceutical industries and others”. The types of companies not mentioned, have a low percentage of participation, but little by little they are increasing to adapt to this type of technology. In a survey issued by Deloitte, 92% indicated that RPA met or exceeded their expectations while 90% indicated that they had improved quality/accuracy, 86% improved productivity, and 59% indicated that they had a reduction in cost. costs. Another important piece of information is that 78% of companies that have implemented RPA expect to significantly increase their investment in RPA over the next three years. There is another very important statistic where it finds that 63% of companies plan to engage with an RPA implementation partner, while 19% plan to use RPA vendors for support and 15% will handle RPA internally. Finally, I can conclude that the inclusion of RPA in the digital transformation is very important for the competitive advantages that a company can have, since with it they manage to optimize their resources and generate great business opportunities, without forgetting the new services that a company can provide to its customers to improve the experience and satisfaction of this.
Alicia Martin-Navarro, Maria Paula Lechuga Sancho, Jose Aurelio Medina-Garrido
Business Process Management Systems (BPMS) represent a technology that automates business processes, connecting users to their tasks. There are many business processes within the port activity that can be improved through the use of more efficient technologies and BPMS in particular, which can help to coordinate and automate critical processes such as cargo manifests, customs declaration the management of scales, or dangerous goods, traditionally supported by EDI technologies. These technologies could be integrated with BPMS, modernizing port logistics management. The aim of this work is to demonstrate, through a systematic analysis of the literature, the state of the art in BPMS research in the port industry. For this, a systematic review of the literature of the last ten years was carried out. The works generated by the search were subsequently analysed and filtered. After the investigation, it is discovered that the relationship between BPMS and the port sector is practically non-existent which represents an important gap to be covered and a future line of research.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are critical to the success of enterprises, facilitating business operations through standardized digital processes. However, existing ERP systems are unsuitable for startups and small and medium-sized enterprises that grow quickly and require adaptable solutions with low barriers to entry. Drawing upon 15 explorative interviews with industry experts, we examine the challenges of current ERP systems using the task technology fit theory across companies of varying sizes. We describe high entry barriers, high costs of implementing implicit processes, and insufficient interoperability of already employed tools. We present a vision of a future business process platform based on three enablers: Business processes as first-class entities, semantic data and processes, and cloud-native elasticity and high availability. We discuss how these enablers address current ERP systems' challenges and how they may be used for research on the next generation of business software for tomorrow's enterprises.
Mohit Singhal, Javier Pacheco, Seyyed Mohammad Sadegh Moosavi Khorzooghi
et al.
Auditing is critical to ensuring the fairness and reliability of decision-making systems. However, auditing a black-box system for bias can be challenging due to the lack of transparency in the model's internal workings. In many web applications, such as Yelp, it is challenging, if not impossible, to manipulate their inputs systematically to identify bias in the output. Yelp connects users and businesses, where users identify new businesses and simultaneously express their experiences through reviews. Yelp recommendation software moderates user-provided content by categorizing it into recommended and not-recommended sections. The recommended reviews, among other attributes, are used by Yelp's ranking algorithm to rank businesses in a neighborhood. Due to Yelp's substantial popularity and its high impact on local businesses' success, understanding the bias of its algorithms is crucial. This data-driven study, for the first time, investigates the bias of Yelp's business ranking and review recommendation system. We examine three hypotheses to assess if Yelp's recommendation software shows bias against reviews of less established users with fewer friends and reviews and if Yelp's business ranking algorithm shows bias against restaurants located in specific neighborhoods, particularly in hotspot regions, with specific demographic compositions. Our findings show that reviews of less-established users are disproportionately categorized as not-recommended. We also find a positive association between restaurants' location in hotspot regions and their average exposure. Furthermore, we observed some cases of severe disparity bias in cities where the hotspots are in neighborhoods with less demographic diversity or higher affluence and education levels.
This academic article explores the enduring significance of written communication within the context of international business relations. Emphasizing its pivotal role, the study investigates how written communication serves as a linchpin for organizing information, molding positive company images, and facilitating effective cross-cultural interactions. While underscoring the advantages of written communication, the article carefully acknowledges inherent drawbacks, including potential delays and associated costs. The research contributes valuable insights into the nuanced dynamics of written communication in the international business landscape, shedding light on its multifaceted impacts and the importance of considering both its benefits and limitations.
The computing power network is a new type of information infrastructure. It allocates and schedules computing resources, storage resources, and network resources among clouds, edges and terminals according to business needs. The services of the computing power network should flow from areas with sufficient computing power to those with insufficient computing power. At present, the research of computing power network focuses on the technical solutions, and there is no study on the matching degree between supply and demand of the computing power network services. A comprehensive evaluation model for the matching degree between supply and demand of the computing power network services is proposed, which based on multi-dimensional data. The model is used to evaluate whether the computing power network services in a region are sufficient or not. Firstly, considering with the two dimensions of computing power demand and computing power supply, four aspects including regional scale and industrial development, digital economy development, storage and computing capacity, communication capacity are subdivided. And then 6 demand indicators and 6 supply indicators are designed to build the indicator system of the model. Secondly, the AHP is used to determine the weights of each level of the indicator system, and the calculation method of the index is given. Thirdly, 22 sample cities are selected from 5 regions in China, and their demand rankings are compared with the digital economy cities list in authoritative reports. The conclusion that the order is basically the same, verifies the model reasonable and valid. Finally, the model is used to analyze the matching degree between supply and demand of the computing power network services in 22 sample cities, which provides a reference for the construction of local infrastructure of computing power network.
The “hyggelige” Danes and the arrogant Germans – Communicative Differences as a Consequence of National Stereotypes?
The aim of this article is to discuss why German students code switch between German and Danish in a more appropriate way than their Danish fellow students do. The data consist of approximately 230 emails written by 40 German and Danish students enrolled in the Cross-Border Study Programme at the University of Southern Denmark and Europa-Universität Flensburg. A reason for this difference in ability to switch code can be explained by the students’ stereotypes about their own group as auto stereotypes and about the others as hetero stereotypes. In general, Danish auto stereotypes are very positive contrary to the negative hetero stereotypes of the Germans. Because of this, the Danish students seem to think that it is acceptable to use Danish communication structures even though they know that the chosen formulation will not be seen as appropriate German by their German professors.
Business communication. Including business report writing, business correspondence
Xiliang Zhu, David Rossouw, Shayna Gardiner
et al.
Pre-trained contextualized embedding models such as BERT are a standard building block in many natural language processing systems. We demonstrate that the sentence-level representations produced by some off-the-shelf contextualized embedding models have a narrow distribution in the embedding space, and thus perform poorly for the task of identifying semantically similar questions in real-world English business conversations. We describe a method that uses appropriately tuned representations and a small set of exemplars to group questions of interest to business users in a visualization that can be used for data exploration or employee coaching.
Business economics research on digital platforms often overlooks existing knowledge from other fields of research leading to conceptual ambiguity and inconsistent findings. To reduce these restrictions and foster the utilization of the extensive body of literature, we apply a mixed methods design to summarize the key findings of scientific platform research. Our bibliometric analysis identifies 14 platform-related research fields. Conducting a systematic qualitative content analysis, we identify three primary research objectives related to platform ecosystems: (1) general literature defining and unifying research on platforms; (2) exploitation of platform and ecosystem strategies; (3) improvement of platforms and ecosystems. Finally, we discuss the identified insights from a business economics perspective and present promising future research directions that could enhance business economics and management research on digital platforms and platform ecosystems.
Yu-Sheng Su, Chien-Liang Lin, Shih-Yeh Chen
et al.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to use bibliometric analysis to identify the current state of the academic literature regarding social network analysis (SNA) and analyze its knowledge base such as research authors, research countries, document type, keyword analysis and subject areas. Design/methodology/approach Bibliometric analysis is used and furthermore, Lotka’s and Bradford’s law is applied to perform author productivity analyses in this field during 1999 and 2018, respectively, in turn, discovering historical vein and research tendency in the future. Findings It appears that the research on SNA has been very popular and still in the highly mature period. So far, the USA takes the lead among the published paper. The top 2 subject areas are “Computer Science” and “Business Economics.” The primary journal that SNA articles were published is Computers in Human Behavior. SNA has been related to many research areas, such as “Social network analysis,” “Computer-mediated communication,” “Online learning,” “Social Network” and “Community of inquiry.” Finally, Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K-S) test proved that the frequency indexes of author productivity distribution certainly followed Lotka’s law. Research limitations/implications First, the productivity distribution may inform researchers and scholars of current issues and development of SNA. Second, the study proposed a theoretical model, based on Lotka’s law, for author productivity analysis of SNA, which can serve as reference for different areas of study in the evaluation of author productivity models. Also, in order to allow researchers to gain in-depth insights, this study aimed to report the most published institutions and keep track of the growth and trend of author productivity, by which scholars in related fields are provided with more opportunities for academic communication and technological cooperation. Originality/value This research on the productivity distribution of SNA may inform researchers and scholars of current issues and development of SNA. The findings report the major publication outlets and related discussion issues about SNA. Such information would be valuable for related authors, who are writing the manuscript on SNA, and also for practitioners, who may be interested in applying the theory or ideas of SNA.
White et al highlight that death and dying is everyone’s business, yet is often neglected in the training of multidisciplinary health professionals (MDHP). While physicians play a critical role in endoflife care, patients interact with a range of health professionals. As such, it is vital that MDHP are also trained in palliative care, including endoflife communication. Nursing and allied health professionals also spend considerable time with patients developing strong therapeutic relationships fundamental to the success of challenging conversations when adjusting to incurable illness. 3 Nevertheless, White et al’s survey noted considerable variability in the availability of palliative care and endofliferelated content in UKbased undergraduate nursing and allied health courses. Only 16% of the social work courses surveyed included such training. Similarly, in Australia, 96% of MDHP perceived that their undergraduate education had underprepared them for the clinical realities of working with palliative care patients. Consistent with identified gaps in the literature, White et al’s survey did not include psychologists. Psychologists are ideally placed to provide specialist endoflife care as they are already trained in sophisticated communication skills and have the capacity to navigate challenging emotional terrain. Assisting individuals grappling with uncertainty, anxiety, grief and loss, demoralisation and hopelessness is psychologists’ ‘core business’. Further training to apply these highlevel therapeutic skills to endoflife care is critical. Vivekananda et al interviewed psychologists, many of whom had specialist endoflife experience (21/35, 60%) and identified core domains in which psychologists should contribute to endoflife care (table 1). There is much to be gained through better integration of psychology into endoflife care and communication—yet currently, disciplinespecific endoflife training for psychologists appears rare. We collected pilot data from Australian clinical psychologists on their experiences in endoflife communication and their training needs. Led by the first author, a 1day experiential workshop on endoflife communication focused on tailoring these skills to the needs of adolescents and young adults with lifelimiting illness (2019). Most clinical psychologists in this smallgroup workshop (n=11) worked in private practice (n=7, 64%), with an average of 10 years’ professional experience (range=0–32 years, SD=10.21), yet with little experience working with young people with incurable illness (none had worked with a young person who had died). Over a third of participants stated that experiential opportunities to practice skills were the most valuable part of the workshop (n=4, 36%). When asked about barriers that prevented them from facilitating these conversations, ‘not having the skills personally or knowing how to start’ was the main barrier (n=7, 64%). Our sample identified workshops as the most helpful training method to equip them in future (n=8, 72%), followed by experiential training, hardcopy resources and video resources (n=6, 55% for each). At the conclusion of the workshop, most of our sample still reported moderate anxiety with respect to discussing endoflife with patients and their families (n=7, 64%). Effective training in endoflife care is likely to require repeated, experiential learning opportunities. Psychologists are well equipped to identify and address the natural and common phenomenon of death anxiety. In addition to facilitating endoflife communication directly with patients and families, psychologists can support the multidisciplinary team with grouplevel reflective practice
I develop a simple Schumpeterian agent-based model where the entry and exit of firms, their productivity and markup, the birth of new industries and the social structure of the population are endogenous and use it to study the causes of rising inequality and "declining business dynamism" since the 1980s. My hybrid model combines features of i) the so-called Schumpeter Mark I (centering around the entrepreneur), ii) the Mark II model (emphasizing the innovative capacities of firms), and iii) Cournot competition, with firms using OLS learning to estimate the market environment and the behavior of their competitors. A scenario which is quantitatively calibrated to US data on growth and inequality replicates a large number of stylized facts regarding the industry life-cycle, growth, inequality and all ten stylized facts on "declining business dynamism" proposed by Akcigit and Ates (AEJ:Macro, 2021). Counterfactual simulations show that antitrust policy is highly effective at combatting inequality and increasing business dynamism and growth, but is subject to a conflict of interest between workers and firm owners, as GDP and wages grow at the expense of profits. Technological factors, on the other hand, are much less effective in combatting declining business dynamism in my model.
Abstract The gradual but marked decline in the correspondence between aggregated accounting numbers and market valuations, such as stock returns, is a well-documented phenomenon in the research literature (Lev and Zarowin, 1999). Rapid advances in technology have paved the way for the collection of unprecedented volumes of data. Currently, the slow speed of information dissemination, laggard accounting systems, and a focus on high levels of aggregation are perhaps the largest contributors to waning relevance of financial reporting. The fight for trading superiority is leading users to seek relevant data elsewhere and may contribute to these observed effects. This paper proposes an accounting system known as User XBRL (U-XBRL) designed to overcome these issues. This system collects, analyzes, and displays information in such a way that caters to the speed, detail, and customization demands of modern-day stakeholders (Krahel and Titera, 2015). U-XBRL amalgamates all types of data pertinent to a business, including both internal company data and exogenous source data. Each piece of data is assigned to a firm resource according to the resource-based view. Then, U-XBRL standardizes the information according to data standards and feeds it to a central repository. This repository is primarily organized through XBRL tags and is governed secondarily by other standards and taxonomies. A number of applications can be used individually to select data from the repository for analysis. Using U-XBRL the recognition, monitoring, and assurance of resources are streamlined.
Against the backdrop of the constantly changing professional environment, translator education needs to invest in the work readiness and employability of its graduates. This article explores translation students’ emerging professional identity, referred to here as pre-professional identity (PPI) and its relevance for enhancing work readiness.. For this purpose, we have examined self-reflective essays written by translation students participating in a translation business simulation as part of their MA studies. The findings suggest that, in order to support students in building PPI, to facilitate the transition to the labour market, and to foster employability, it is useful to provide students with pedagogical approaches based on experiential learning combined with opportunities for critical self-reflection.
Business communication. Including business report writing, business correspondence