Hasil untuk "Transportation and communication"

Michael Tsatsaronis, Agapi Stergiouli, George Vaggelas

Narges Gholipoor, Mehdi Rasti, Fahimeh Aghaei et al.

The adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is a transformative step toward reducing CO2 emissions and achieving global sustainability targets such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals and IMT-2030. However, large-scale EV integration poses significant challenges across multiple interdependent domains: the Power Grid (PG), Transportation Systems (TS), and Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Most existing research approaches these sectors independently, lacking a holistic view of their interconnected constraints and resource dependencies. This review presents a comprehensive and critical analysis of cross-sector resource management for EV integration, emphasizing the interrelations among PG, TS, and ICT. We identify key resource requirements, examine cross-domain challenges, and evaluate the effectiveness of current solutions and Key-Enabling Technologies (KETs) in addressing them. Through this analysis, we highlight critical research gaps and advocate for a unified and collaborative crosssector approach to resource management. By offering this cross-sector resource management perspective, the review contributes new insights to guide future research and policy development in support of sustainable and scalable EV ecosystem integration aligned with 6G and IMT-2030 visions.

Livia Rauca, Catalin Popa, Dinu Atodiresei et al.

<i>Background</i>: Port congestion contributes significantly to operational inefficiency and environmental impact in maritime logistics. With tightening EU regulations such as the Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and FuelEU Maritime, understanding and mitigating the economic and environmental effects of vessel delays is increasingly critical. This study focuses on a single bulk cargo pier at Constanta Port (Romania), which has experienced substantial traffic fluctuations since 2021, and examines operational and environmental performance through a queuing-theoretic lens. <i>Methods</i>: The authors have applied an M/G/1/∞/FIFO/∞ queuing model to vessel traffic and service time data from 2021–2023, supplemented by Monte Carlo simulations to capture variability in maneuvering and service durations. Environmental impact was quantified in CO₂ emissions using standard fuel-based emission factors, and a Cold Ironing scenario was modeled to assess potential mitigation benefits. Economic implications were estimated through operational cost modeling and conversion of CO₂ emissions into equivalent EU ETS carbon costs. <i>Results</i>: The analysis revealed high berth utilization rates across all years, with substantial variability in waiting times and queue lengths. Congestion was associated with considerable CO₂ emissions, which, when expressed in monetary terms under prevailing EU ETS prices, represent a significant financial burden. The Cold Ironing scenario demonstrated a substantial reduction in at-berth emissions and corresponding cost savings, underscoring its potential as a viable mitigation strategy. <i>Conclusions</i>: Results confirm that operational congestion at the studied berth imposes substantial environmental and financial burdens. The analysis supports targeted interventions such as Just-In-Time arrivals, optimized berth scheduling, and Cold Ironing adoption. Recommendations are most applicable to single-berth bulk cargo operations; future research should extend the approach to multi-berth configurations and incorporate additional operational constraints for broader generalizability.

Gondhalekar Gaurav, Tewari Deeksha, P Balakrishnan et al.

Urban population growth and increasing urbanization are driving the need for smart city solutions that implement connected technologies to improve urban living. However, the theoretical potential for IoT to connect and automate city infrastructures through real-time data processing and intelligent automation to have much more valuable use for the commons has proven limited in practice due to scalability, security, compatibility, and cost issues. In this regard, this research paper presents an IoT-based intelligent framework designed for smart cities, serving as a scalable, secure, powerful architecture for tackling these challenges. It emphasizes practical deployment and economic feasibility, rather than hardware or pure performance in theory. This framework spokes out low-power networks (LoRaWAN, NB-IoT) with edge computing for energy efficiency optimization, operation cost reduction, and high-level data processing. Blockchain achieves communication that is tamper-proof and privacy-preserving, which strengthens the existing cybersecurity. Another innovation lies in real-time urban analytics via AI and ML models that help predict when maintenance will be required and provide insight on operational decision-making for strong services that matter to the city. Additionally, an intercommunicable IoT enables collaboration between smart grids, transportation systems, health devices, and emergency actions. Citizen-focused design persists through the use of AI-driven mobile applications, open-data platforms, and real-time public engagement that ensures inclusivity, privacy, and transparency. What IoT have in common is: IoT versus IoT devices are powered by renewable energy sources to reduce their carbon footprints and work toward sustainability goals. This work therefore acts as not only a holistic, secure and scalable solution that mirrors the fundamentals of theory in actual practice, but also a case study that provides actionable insights for city planners, policymakers and developers alike in rolling out the next generation of sustainable smart cities.

Tripti Kunj, Kirti Pal

The rapid expansion of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has initiated significant advancements in charging infrastructure to support sustainable transportation. This paper reviews the role and integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) in Smart EV Charging Management, highlighting how IoT technology enhances operational efficiency, energy management, and user experience. Drawing on real-world implementations such as Tesla’s predictive maintenance systems, Enel X’s JuiceNet for smart charging, and Nissan Leaf’s Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) capabilities, the paper discusses IoT applications in areas including real-time monitoring, energy optimization, predictive maintenance, and user-centric services. These integrations demonstrate measurable benefits such as improved battery health monitoring, reduced charging downtime, and enhanced grid interaction. Furthermore, the synergy between IoT and renewable energy sources, such as solar power, is explored as a pathway to further optimize charging efficiency and minimize environmental impact. Despite the benefits, challenges such as cybersecurity risks, interoperability barriers, and the lack of communication protocol standardization are also identified. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the importance of adaptive algorithms and machine learning models for predictive maintenance and efficient resource allocation. This review serves as a key reference for policymakers, researchers, and industry leaders aiming to develop resilient and intelligent EV charging ecosystems, contributing to a more connected and sustainable electric mobility future.

Xiaowei Sun, Huili Dou, Sirui Chen et al.

Giriraj Sharma

Zixiang Zhou, Lei Zhou, Zhiguo Chen

Strict air pressure control is paramount in industries such as petroleum, chemicals, transportation, and mining to ensure production safety and to improve operational efficiency. In these fields, accurate real-time air pressure monitoring is critical to optimize operations and ensure facility and personnel safety. Although current Internet of Things air pressure monitoring systems enable users to make decisions based on objective data, existing approaches are limited by long response times, low efficiency, and inadequate preprocessing. Additionally, the exponential increase in data volumes creates the risk of server downtime. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a novel real-time air pressure monitoring scheme that uses Arduino microcontrollers in conjunction with GPRS network communication. It also uses Apache Kafka to construct a multi-server cluster for high-performance message processing. Furthermore, data are backed up by configuring multiple replications, which safeguards against data loss during server failures. The scheme also includes an intuitive and user-friendly visualization interface for data analysis and subsequent decision making. The experimental results demonstrate that this approach offers high throughput and timely responsiveness, providing a more reliable option for real-time gathering, analysis, and storage of massive data.

Hizia Amani, Linda Bouyaya, Rachid Chaib et al.

Mykola Karpenko, Olegas Prentkovskis, Paulius Skačkauskas

Lina Girdauskienė, Giedrė Adomavičienė, Judita Štreimikienė

Evgenia Prokopjeva, Svetlana Saksonova, Tatyana Shibaeva et al.

Boriss Misnevs, Aleksandr Krivchenkov, Alexander Grakovski

Nicolas Dolle, Christian Wilhelm, Kirill Anikin

Patricia Inês Schwantz, Leander Luiz Klein, Eugênio de Oliveira Simonetto

<i>Background</i>: This study aims to analyze the relationship between lean practices and organizational performance in a public institution, specifically, a military organization. <i>Methods</i>: The research has a quantitative approach with a descriptive character, having as a sample the members of a military unit located in Rio Grande do Sul. A valid sample of 116 answered questionnaires was obtained. Data analysis was carried out through multivariate statistical treatment, known as Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), using the Smart-PLS software. <i>Results</i>: At the end of the study, it was possible to confirm the central hypothesis of the study and conclude that lean practices (waste elimination, continuous improvement, support and leadership, member involvement, education and training, long-term thinking, quality, and systemic vision) positively impact organizational performance. Together, these elements combine to engender organizational effectiveness and success, promoting more productivity, quality, profitability, and customer satisfaction, thus improving the organization’s performance. <i>Conclusions</i>: It is evident that the members of the military unit are committed to optimizing organizational performance, showing constant improvement in productivity, rarely committing errors, cost reduction in activities and works, high effectiveness in meeting goals, prioritizing cost reduction in the execution of activities, as well as achieving goals and objectives related to the services provided.

Nikita Konstantinovich Chistousov, Igor Anatolyevich Kalmykov, Daniil Vyacheslavovich Dukhovnyj et al.

Authentication protocols are expanding their application scope in wireless information systems, among which are low-orbit satellite communication systems (LOSCS) for the OneWeb space Internet, automatic object identification systems using RFID, the Internet of Things, intelligent transportation systems (ITS), Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET). This is due to the fact that authentication protocols effectively resist a number of attacks on wireless data transmission channels in these systems. The main disadvantage of most authentication protocols is the use of symmetric and asymmetric encryption systems to ensure high cryptographic strength. As a result, there is a problem in delivering keys to the sides of the prover and the verifier. At the same time, compromising of keys will lead to a decrease in the level of protection of the transmitted data. Zero-knowledge authentication protocols (ZKAP) are able to eliminate this disadvantage. However, most of these protocols use multiple rounds to authenticate the prover. Therefore, ZKAP, which has minimal time costs, is developed in the article. A scheme for adapting protocol parameters has been developed in this protocol to increase its efficiency. Reductions in the level of confidentiality allow us to reduce the time spent on the execution of the authentication protocol. This increases the volume of information traffic. At the same time, an increase in the confidentiality of the protocol entails an increase in the time needed for authentication of the prover, which reduces the volume of information traffic. The FPGA Artix-7 xc7a12ticsg325-1L was used to estimate the time spent implementing the adaptive ZKAP protocol. Testing was performed for 32- and 64-bit adaptive authentication protocols.

Paś Jacek, Rosiński Adam, Białek Kamil

The paper presents issues associated with the impact of electromagnetic interference on static converters, which exploitation in a railway transport environment. The measurements of an electromagnetic field emitted by a static converter were shown. Designs of this kind are exploitation in railway facilities, therefore, they should not disturb the functioning of other equipment, the rail traffic control systems, in particular. As a result of the EMC tests, it was concluded that the permissible values of conducted interference emissions were exceeded. An analysis of the obtained results enabled developing a research model, and a further reliability and exploitation analysis, taking into account electromagnetic interference. This, in turn, enabled determining a relationship allowing to determine the probability of a static converter staying in a state of full ability. The presented discussions regarding a static converter, taking into account electromagnetic interference, allow for the numerical assessment of different types of solutions (technical and organizational), which can be implemented in order to mitigate the impact of electromagnetic interference on a system’s functioning.

Chin-Ling Chen, Zi-Yi Lim, Hsien-Chou Liao et al.

Tobacco products are an addictive commodity. According to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) latest statistics data, tobacco kills more than eight million people each year. In 2003, the WHO proposed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) to provide an effective framework for the control of tobacco products to governments around the world. In the field of tobacco products, the hardest problem is how to prevent counterfeit tobacco products and smuggling. To solve the problems, we proposed a blockchain-based traceable and verifiable logistics system for tobacco products with global positioning system (GPS) and radio-frequency identification (RFID) Technologies. In this research, we provide an overview of system architecture, and also define the protocol and the smart contract in every phase that stores data into the blockchain center. We realized a decentralized database and authentication system that uses blockchain and smart contract technology; every protocol in every phase was designed to achieve the integrity of data and non-repudiation of message. Every tobacco product’s shipping record will be completed by scanning the RFID tag and retrieving the GPS with a mobile reader, where the record will be updated and validated in the blockchain center. In the end, the security and costs of the system were analyzed, and a comparison was made with the EU’s (European Commission) method. Our system is more flexible for transportation, more secure in the communication protocol, and more difficult to tamper and forge data. In general, the proposed scheme solved the problem of tobacco products counterfeiting and tracking issues.

Jih-Shuin Jerng, Shwu-Jen Lin, Chin-Yuan Tsan et al.

Aim Intrahospital transportation (IHT) of patients under mechanical ventilation (MV) significantly increases the risk of patient harm. A structured process performed by a well-prepared team with adequate communication among team members plays a vital role in enhancing patient safety during transportation.Design and implementation We conducted this quality improvement programme at the intensive care units of a university-affiliated medical centre, focusing on the care of patients under MV who received IHT for CT or MRI examinations. With the interventions based on the analysis finding of the IHT process by healthcare failure mode and effects analysis, we developed and implemented strategies to improve this process, including standardisation of the transportation process, enhancing equipment maintenance and strengthening the teamwork among the transportation teammates. In a subsequent cycle, we developed and implemented a new process with the practice of reminder-assisted briefing. The reminders were printed on cards with mnemonics including ‘VITAL’ (Vital signs, Infusions, Tubes, Alarms and Leave) attached to the transportation monitors for the intensive care unit nurses, ‘STOP’ (Secretions, Tubes, Oxygen and Power) attached to the transportation ventilators for the respiratory therapists and ‘STOP’ (Speak-out, Tubes, Others and Position) attached to the examination equipment for the radiology technicians. We compared the incidence of adverse events and completeness and correctness of the tasks deemed to be essential for effective teamwork before and after implementing the programme.Results The implementation of the programme significantly reduced the number and incidence of adverse events (1.08% vs 0.23%, p=0.01). Audits also showed improved teamwork during transportation as the team members showed increased completeness and correctness of the essential IHT tasks (80.8% vs 96.5%, p&lt;0.001).Conclusion The implementation of reminder-assisted briefings significantly enhanced patient safety and teamwork behaviours during the IHT of mechanically ventilated patients with critical illness.

Evita Ariestiana

Nowadays, sellers sell potent drugs and certain drugs through online media. It is often don't have permission. The problem in this study is why potent drugs and certain drugs can circulate through online media? How is the solution of potent medications and certain drugs circulate through online media? This research uses a Normative and Empirical Juridical approach. The results of the study are found the factors of potent drugs and certain drugs can be circulated through online media, namely: First, Nowadays, Indonesia does not yet have a cyber-law in a specific law, Second: The lack of an active role in the society is providing accurate information to the Police relating to illicit drug trafficking in online media. Third, Lack of cyber team personnel both Lampung Regional Police and BPOM Bandar Lampung City because they have not mastered the ins and outs of cyberspace. Fourth, Lack of Facilities and Infrastructure such as transportation equipment, inadequate communication to pursue and arrest groups of drug dealers in online media. Deal with potent drugs and certain drugs that circulate through online media are efforts by Non-Penal (preventive) and Penal (repressive). It has carried out by BPOM of Bandar Lampung City, and Lampung Regional Police include Supervision of Online Drug Distribution). It is through inspection by the Supervisory Officer and monitoring of the website, social media, applications, and other internet media, as well as legal actions such as confiscation and annihilation of certain drugs. As for suggestions related to this problem, it is necessary to have good coordination between BPOM and the National Police in overcoming the crime of drug trafficking through online. It is by increasing capacity and increasing good facilities and infrastructure to support performance; The government should make specific online trade laws to accommodate and anticipate forms of drug trafficking in cyberspace (cyber).