Organizations continue to invest in artificial intelligence, yet many struggle to ensure that employees adopt and engage with these tools. Drawing on research highlighting the interpersonal and learning demands of technology use, this study examines whether psychological safety is associated with AI adoption and usage in the workplace. Using survey data from 2,257 employees in a global consulting firm, we test whether psychological safety is associated with adoption, usage frequency, and usage duration; and whether these relationships vary by organizational level, professional experience, or geographic region. Logistic and linear regression analyses show that psychological safety reliably predicts whether employees adopt AI tools but does not predict how often or how long they use AI once adoption has occurred. Moreover, the relationship between psychological safety and AI adoption is consistent across experience levels, role levels, and regions, and no moderation effects emerge. These findings suggest that psychological safety functions as a key antecedent of initial AI engagement but not of subsequent usage intensity. The study underscores the need to distinguish between adoption and sustained use and highlights opportunities for targeted organizational interventions in early-stage AI implementation.
Mi ensayo examina el innovador concepto de euaparición del cuerpo que la fenomenóloga sueca Kristin Zeiler propuso para describir las situaciones de la experiencia en que la corporalidad viene a darse como «grata, fácil, buena». Zeiler partía del planteamiento general de Drew Leder acerca de que el modo dominante de presencia del cuerpo en la experiencia es más bien su «ausencia», la trasparencia fenoménica que le hace pasar inadvertido. El artículo revisa y discute la tipología que Zeiler ofrece de esas apariciones propicias y ocasionales en que la corporalidad rompe con su discreción habitual. Pero en este contexto de análisis propongo recurrir a los conocidos fenómenos de agitación del cuerpo en medio del entusiasmo estético, de estremecimiento somático por la admiración intensa o ante la noticia feliz. En semejantes situaciones en que el cuerpo debiera permanecer desatento, ignorado, el «dulce escalofrío en el pecho» que Husserl somete a consideración en los Studien zur Struktur des Bewusstseins arroja una luz misteriosa sobre la participación del cuerpo, no tan discreta, en la dinámica de la experiencia intencional.
Anneloes Van Baar, Marjolein Verhoeven, David Hessen
et al.
BackgroundMonitoring and screening children's development from infancy into early childhood is important for prevention purposes, as potential delay may best be addressed as soon as possible. For an efficient monitoring system, standardized online tools with population specific norm scores are needed. An online system, “Ontwikkeling Voorop! 0–6,” was created to evaluate Communication, Gross and Fine Motor functioning, Problem Solving and Personal-Social Behavior of children aged 0–6, using caregiver reports.MethodsPilot studies evaluated the first versions of the system. Next, data were collected of a representative sample of 1690 Dutch children aged 0-6 years (mean = 24.6 months, SD = 19.1, 50.5% male). Norm scores were modeled for each developmental domain on the conditional distribution of the total raw scores based on the children's age. Reliability and validity of the system was investigated.ResultsNorm scores on a scale from 0–100 centiles were created per age in months. Internal consistency measures (ω = 0.88–0.93 per domain) as well as repeated and inter-rater assessments indicated good reliability with moderate to strong correlations. Convergent validity was sufficient, with moderate to strong correlations between the results of the monitoring system and the Bayley-III-NL, WPSSI-IV-NL and Schlichting test for domains measuring similar constructs. Cut-off scores based on the 3rd, 10th and 90th centiles can be used to identify children in need of attention.DiscussionThe online system is a feasible and efficient way to monitor development of young children. It has standardized norm scores that are reliable and valid for the Dutch population.
BackgroundTo determine the relationship between effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and quality of working life (QWL) among medical caregivers and the mediating role of job burnout.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional survey. A total of 787 medical caregivers at seven hospitals from Sichuan and Chongqing, China, between May to September 2023 were included in this observational study. The General Information Questionnaire, Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI), Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), and Quality of Working Life Scale (QWL7-32) were used for data collection. SPSS 26.0 and PROCESSv3.3 were used for all data analyses, including descriptive statistics.ResultsA total of 820 questionnaires were distributed, of which only 787 were valid (return rate; 95.98%). The QWL score of medical caregivers was 126.94 ± 16.69. However, QWL scores were significantly different depending on age, number of children, family support status, department, years of experience, night shift status, number of night shifts per month, number of hours worked per day, monthly income, and occurrence of errors or adverse events (p < 0.05). Furthermore, job burnout and ERI were negatively correlated with QWL (p < 0.01). Job burnout mediated (95% CI = -0.365, −0.260) the relationship between ERI and QWL, accounting for 58.65% of the total effect.ConclusionMedical caregivers have a medium level of QWL. Job burnout partially mediates the relationship between ERI and QWL. Medical caregiver managers can improve QWL by directly intervening in occupational stress and indirectly intervening in job burnout.
Yandika Sirgabsou, Benjamin Hardin, François Leblanc
et al.
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and autonomous driving technologies has significantly propelled the development of autonomous vehicles (AVs). However, psychological barriers continue to impede widespread AV adoption, despite technological progress. This paper addresses the critical yet often overlooked aspect of psychological safety in AV design and operation. While traditional safety standards focus primarily on physical safety, this paper emphasizes the psychological implications that arise from human interactions with autonomous vehicles, highlighting the importance of trust and perceived risk as significant factors influencing user acceptance. The paper makes a methodological proposal, a framework for addressing AVs psychological safety consisting of three key contributions. First, it introduces a definition of psychological safety in AVs context. Secondly, it proposes a risk model for identifying and assessing AVs psychological hazards and risks. PsySIL (Psychological Safety Integrity Level), a classification of AV psychological risk levels is developed. Thirdly, an adapted system-theoretic analysis method for AVs psychological safety is proposed. The paper illustrates the application of the framework for assessing potential psychological hazards using a scenario involving a family's experience with an autonomous vehicle, pioneering a systems approach towards evaluating situations that could lead to psychological harm. By establishing a framework that incorporates psychological safety alongside physical safety, the paper contributes to the broader discourse on the safe deployment of autonomous vehicle, aiming to guide future developments in user-centred design and regulatory practices, while acknowledging the limitations brought by the application of the proposals on a rather simple but pedagogical illustrative example.
In recent works we have introduced the parameter space $\mathcal{Z}_N$ of $A$-variations of the Hardy $Z$-function, $Z(t)$, whose elements are functions of the form \begin{equation} \label{eq:Z-sections} Z_N(t ; \overline{a} ) = \cos(θ(t))+ \sum_{k=1}^{N} \frac{a_k}{\sqrt{k+1} } \cos ( θ(t) - \ln(k+1) t), \end{equation} where $\overline{a} = (a_1,...,a_N) \in \mathbb{R}^N$. The \( A \)-philosophy advocates that studying the discriminant hypersurface forming within such parameter spaces, often reveals essential insights about the original mathematical object and its zeros. In this paper we apply the $A$-philosophy to our space $\mathcal{Z}_N$ by introducing \( Δ_n(\overline{a} ) \) the $n$-th Gram discriminant of \( Z(t) \). We show that the Riemann Hypothesis (RH) is equivalent to the corrected Gram's law \[ (-1)^n Δ_n(\overline{1}) > 0, \] for any $n \in \mathbb{Z}$. We further show that the classical Gram's law \( (-1)^n Z(g_n) >0\) can be considered as a first-order approximation of our corrected law. The second-order approximation of $Δ_n (\overline{a})$ is then shown to be related to shifts of Gram points along the \( t \)-axis. This leads to the discovery of a new, previously unobserved, repulsion phenomena \[ \left| Z'(g_n) \right| > 4 \left| Z(g_n) \right|, \] for bad Gram points $g_n$ whose consecutive neighbours $g_{n \pm 1}$ are good. Our analysis of the \(A\)-variation space \(\mathcal{Z}_N\) introduces a wealth of new results on the zeros of \(Z(t)\), casting new light on classical questions such as Gram's law, the Montgomery pair-correlation conjecture, and the RH, and also unveils previously unknown fundamental properties.
Algebraic quantum field theory (AQFT) puts forward three "causal axioms" that aim to characterize the theory as one that implements relativistic causation: the spectrum condition, microcausality, and primitive causality. In this paper, I aim to show, in a minimally technical way, that none of them fully explains the notion of causation appropriate for AQFT because they only capture some of the desiderata for relativistic causation I state or because it is often unclear how each axiom implements its respective desideratum. After this diagnostic, I will show that a fourth condition, local primitive causality (LPC), fully characterizes relativistic causation in the sense of fulfilling all the relevant desiderata. However, it only encompasses the virtues of the other axioms because it is implied by them, as I will show from a construction by Haag and Schroer (1962). Since the conjunction of the three causal axioms implies LPC and other important results in QFT that LPC does not imply, and since LPC helps clarify some of the shortcomings of the three axioms, I advocate for a holistic interpretation of how the axioms characterize the causal structure of AQFT against the strategy in the literature to rivalize the axioms and privilege one among them.
Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently showcased their remarkable capacities, not only in natural language processing tasks but also across diverse domains such as clinical medicine, legal consultation, and education. LLMs become more than mere applications, evolving into assistants capable of addressing diverse user requests. This narrows the distinction between human beings and artificial intelligence agents, raising intriguing questions regarding the potential manifestation of personalities, temperaments, and emotions within LLMs. In this paper, we propose a framework, PsychoBench, for evaluating diverse psychological aspects of LLMs. Comprising thirteen scales commonly used in clinical psychology, PsychoBench further classifies these scales into four distinct categories: personality traits, interpersonal relationships, motivational tests, and emotional abilities. Our study examines five popular models, namely text-davinci-003, gpt-3.5-turbo, gpt-4, LLaMA-2-7b, and LLaMA-2-13b. Additionally, we employ a jailbreak approach to bypass the safety alignment protocols and test the intrinsic natures of LLMs. We have made PsychoBench openly accessible via https://github.com/CUHK-ARISE/PsychoBench.
A hospitalização, essencial para recuperação da saúde, costuma ampliar o sofrimento psíquico dos pacientes, na medida em que impõe uma rotina de cuidados, afasta o paciente da família e do meio social. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar a compreensão psicodramática desse contexto e possibilidades de intervenção. Foi realizada uma articulação teórica com a experiência psicoterapêutica de enfoque psicodramático. Observou-se que a existência de conservas culturais hospitalares e limitações impostas pelo adoecimento gera perda da espontaneidade e cristalização no papel de doente, aumentando o sofrimento e prejudicando a recuperação do indivíduo. O estabelecimento de uma relação télica e o uso de técnicas psicodramáticas mostraram-se relevantes no resgate da espontaneidade e na promoção da saúde mental dos pacientes.
Functionalism is the view that being x is to play the role of x. This paper defends a functionalist account of three-dimensional entities in the context of Wave Function Realism (WFR), that can explain in detail how we can recover three-dimensional entities out of the wavefunction. In particular, the essay advocates for a novel version of WFR in terms of a functional reductionist approach in the style of David Lewis. This account entails reduction of the upper entities to the bottom ones, when the latter behave appropriately. As applied to WFR, it shows how the wavefunction can turn out to be identical to three-dimensional objects, provided certain conditions. The first major goal of the paper is thus to put forward an improved and more rigorous version of WFR, which dissolves several extant issues about the theory, and can serve as a starting point for the future literature about the topic. Moreover, the second major goal of the article is to take WFR as a case study to demonstrate the pros of functional reductionism, especially in the form defended here, thereby helping to bring this view back in the philosophy of science debate. The positive upshots of this paper suggest a possible application of functional reductionism also to other contexts.
Recent hype surrounding the increasing sophistication of language processing models has renewed optimism regarding machines achieving a human-like command of natural language. Research in the area of natural language understanding (NLU) in artificial intelligence claims to have been making great strides in this area, however, the lack of conceptual clarity/consistency in how 'understanding' is used in this and other disciplines makes it difficult to discern how close we actually are. In this interdisciplinary research thesis, I integrate insights from cognitive science/psychology, philosophy of mind, and cognitive linguistics, and evaluate it against a critical review of current approaches in NLU to explore the basic requirements--and remaining challenges--for developing artificially intelligent systems with human-like capacities for language use and comprehension.
Osmanlı dönemi medreseleri, gerek tedris edilen ilimler ve okutulan kitaplar, gerekse istihdam alanları açısından selefi Selçukluların devamı niteliğindedir. İcâzet/nâme alarak medrese eğitimini tamamlayan talebeler; din görevliliği alanında (müftülük, vaizlik, imamlık), müderrislik ve kadılık gibi mansıplarda istihdam edilmişlerdir. Dolayısıyla medreseler, uzun süre devletin adli, idari, mülki ve eğitimle ilgili kadro ihtiyacını karşılamıştır. Bununla birlikte özellikle Tanzimat Döneminden (1839-1878) sonra açılan yeni eğitim kurumları da sözü edilen alanlarda devletin kadro ihtiyacını karşılamaya başlamış ve hatta ilerleyen zamanlarda medreselerin istihdam alanını daraltmıştır. Ancak medreselerin durumu, müderrislerin hayatı, talebelerin imtihan ve istihdamları gibi konular çoğunlukla bilâd-ı selâse (İstanbul, Bursa ve Edirne) merkezli incelenmiş, bunların taşradaki durumlarıyla ilgili yeterince çalışma yapılmamıştır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada, Hatay/Dörtyol müderrisi İlyas Efendi (1873-1956) ve ona ait sicil dosyası özelinde taşradaki bir müderrisin öğrenim hayatı ve imtihan varakası üzerinden istihdamı konu edilmiştir. Çalışmada dokümanlara dayalı veri toplama ve içerik analizini esas alan nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivinden ve zaman zaman Halep, Adana ve Ankara Vilayet Salnâmeleri ile Maârif Nezâreti Salnâmelerinden istifade edilmiştir. Hâçin’de (Saimbeyli) doğan ve ilk tahsilini doğduğu yerde alan İlyas Efendi, ilmî bir heyet tarafından ehliyet ve liyakatine hükmedilerek müderris olarak atanmıştır. Tanzimat Dönemiyle başlayan eğitimde Batı etkisi ve medrese dışında kurulan yeni eğitim kurumlarıyla eğitimde modernleşme, eğitim sisteminde olduğu gibi medrese mezunlarının istihdamında da birtakım değişmelere ve daralmalara neden olmuştur. Nitekim adli, idari, askeri vs. görevliler, yeni açılan eğitim kurumlarıyla karşılanırken medresenin istihdam alanı çoğunlukla din hizmetlerini ifa edecek görevlilerin ve müderris gibi medrese elemanının yetiştirilmesine hasredilmiştir. İlyas Efendi’nin tahsil hayatı, icâzet metni ve imtihan varakası -Tefsir ve Hadis hariç- öğrenim gördüğü ilimlerden imtihana tabi tutulduğu, Tefsir, Hadis ve Hadis Usulü gibi ilimlerle ilgili de doğrudan soruların yer almadığı görülmektedir. İncelediğimiz belgede İlyas Efendi’nin hangi alan(lar)da ders verdiğiyle ilgili net bilgi bulunmamakla birlikte icâzet ve imtihan varakasından hareketle öncelikle Fıkıh ve Kelâm gibi dinî ilimlerle Arap Dili ve Belagatine yönelik dersler verdiği ileri sürülebilir. Her ne kadar çerçevesi belli standart bir müfredattan bahsetmek zor olsa da İlyas Efendi’ye ait dosyadan hareketle taşra medreselerinde okutulan derslerin/kitapların Osmanlı medreselerinde hemen her dönemde okutulan metinlerle benzerlik gösterdiği, bu yönüyle büyük ölçüde Osmanlı merkez medrese kültürünü devam ettirdiği sonucuna varılabilir. Bunu, icâzet metninde yer alan ulemâ silsilesinden de görmek mümkündür. Bunun yanında Osmanlı Medreseleri ve bunlarla ilgili müfredat incelendiğinde -farklı derecelerde okunmak üzere- Mutavvel, (Molla) Câmî, Mülteka’l-Ebhur, Dürerü’l-Hükkâm, Şerh-i Akâid ve Îsâgûcî’nin ortak kitaplar olduğuna tesadüf edilmektedir. Okutulan eserler ve istihdamla ilgili uygulamalar göz önüne alındığında taşradaki medreseleri merkezdeki benzerlerinden ayırmanın mümkün olmayacağı sonucuna varılabilir.
Abstract Incremental validity indicates how much a measure can add prevision to a criterion, more than what can be previewed by other sources of data. In other words, it means how an instrument can complement and aid on information comprehension derived from another. The objective of the study was to verify evidence of incremental validity between the Wartegg and the Rorschach tests (R-PAS). A total of 40 subjects with ages varying between 21 to 70 years participated, divided into two groups, one composed by schizophrenia diagnosis and another, by subjects with a history of psychiatric diseases. Everybody responded to the Rorschach and Wartegg tests. The results indicated predictive capacity among the instruments of 75% for the variable Formal Quality, 98% for Movement and 100% for Content. New studies are suggested about validity evidences with larger samples as well as the analysis of other variables, not explored in this study.
This article outlines a novel interpretation of quantum theory: the Q-based interpretation. The core idea underlying this interpretation, recently suggested for quantum field theories by Drummond and Reid [2020], is to interpret the phase space function Q -- a transform of the better known Wigner function -- as a proper probability distribution, roughly analogous to the probability distribution ρin classical statistical mechanics. Here I motivate the Q-based interpretation, investigate whether it is empirically adequate, and outline some of its key conceptual features. I argue that the Q-based interpretation is attractive in that it promises having no measurement problem, is conceptually parsimonious and has the potential to apply elegantly to relativistic and field-theoretic contexts.
Meetings are the fuel of organizations' productivity. At times, however, they are perceived as wasteful vaccums that deplete employee morale and productivity. Current meeting tools, to a great extent, have simplified and augmented the ways meetings are conducted by enabling participants to ``get things done'' and experience a comfortable physical environment. However, an important yet less explored element of these tools' design space is that of psychological safety -- the extent to which participants feel listened to, or motivated to be part of a meeting. We argue that an interdisciplinary approach would benefit the creation of new tools designed for retrofitting meetings for psychological safety. This approach comes with not only research opportunities -- ranging from sensing to modeling to user interface design -- but also challenges -- ranging from privacy to workplace surveillance.
The book Philosophy as Metanoetics by the Japanese philosopher Tanabe Hajime written in the last year of WW2 marks an important turning point in his career which is interesting in terms of the influence of historical events on philosophical thought, the philosopher’s responsibility to society and rethinking of self-image, own existence and methods of philosophy, seemingly topical nowadays.The key topic of this study on late Tanabe is the focus on philosophy as on a self-critical process, taking place in parallel with the inner rebirth of philosopher.The result of the rethinking of the Western philosophy foundations of Tanabe in his inquiry on the subject, philosophy of history, absolute mediation, idea of freedom, problem of the Evil, dialectics was primarily critical. This rethinking manifested itself in Tanabe’s appeal to national spiritual tradition, a religious philosophy combining separate Buddhist doctrines, in particular the teachings of Shinran and the Jodo school.The example of Tanabe’s project of philosophy as a path of repentance shows how the modernized Buddhist worldview helps to find a philosophical resolution of the crisis. The study of the latest research on the political role of the Kyoto School during the WW2 and the analysis of primary sources contributed to a more balanced assessment on the historical signifiance of Tanabe philosophy.
Ana Toni Roby Candra Yudha, Nasif Sidquee Pauzi, Rafidah binti Mohd Azli
Halal industry has become a new commodity that is favoured by all countries around the world, including Indonesia. The main challenge of halal industry development is strengthening its position as a producer in the global halal industry market. This study aims to investigate the number of policy proposals relating to strengthening the productivity of the halal industry in Indonesia and then develop a model of synergy over this matter. This study uses a qualitative study approach, with literature review, observation and interview as data collection methods. The results obtained from this study include several things, specifically; the focus of economic development in Indonesia is fundamentally still focused on the processed industry, which incidentally is dominated by imported raw materials. Based on the results of the analysis of the discussion, the implications of these studies is providing input for authorities such as BPJH, MUI and related ministries to adjust the regulation that address the main business challenge of halal industry. Besides, the government should give special authority to state-owned and private sharia banks to finance the halal industries and agricultural to support their sustainable development.
Since the Renaissance, science in the Western World developed rapidly, this is marked by the emergence of a variety of paradigms, methodologies, and concepts that color scientific studies, especially humanities studies such as psychology, anthropology, literature, history. The influence of Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory in the study of modern psychology is quite dominant in coloring science in general that talks about humans, such as medicine, philosophy, religion, art, literature, anthropology, and politics. In the context of this human behavior controlled by his personality or personality, Freud explained in three terms namely, Id, Ego and Superego. Social personality in Freud's perspective is that sexual and aggressive impulse is innate which is part of human nature, serves to seek pleasure and satisfaction. The role of the social environment is blocking natural biological impulses as social control, while the main function of culture is to limit sexual life.