Hasil untuk "Mechanical drawing. Engineering graphics"

Nicolò Di Prima, Ali Filippini, Eliana Ferrulli et al.

This paper presents the research project Circular Design for Natural Fibers (CD4NF), which promotes the transition towards Circular Economy practices in Made in Italy productions across the furniture, textile, and construction sectors, focusing on the use of natural fibers derived from the Italian agroindustrial system. The study explores how the development of new bio-based materials and products—framed within sustainability principles and aligned with Circular Economy and Circular Design approaches—represents a dynamic area of debate for the design discipline, raising critical questions around technologies, contexts, and development paths. The paper also illustrates the design-driven methodology adopted in the project, particularly in the application of systemic design to the cases of bamboo and hemp, and discusses its integration with contributions from other disciplines. Finally, it emphasizes the connection between local supply chains and their territories, understood not only as productive ecosystems but also as expressions of cultural heritage, thereby enhancing the value of Made in Italy design.

Alexandra González, Xavier Franch, Silverio Martínez-Fernández

Integrating Artificial Intelligence into Software Engineering (SE) requires having a curated collection of models suited to SE tasks. With millions of models hosted on Hugging Face (HF) and new ones continuously being created, it is infeasible to identify SE models without a dedicated catalogue. To address this gap, we present SEMODS: an SE-focused dataset of 3,427 models extracted from HF, combining automated collection with rigorous validation through manual annotation and large language model assistance. Our dataset links models to SE tasks and activities from the software development lifecycle, offering a standardized representation of their evaluation results, and supporting multiple applications such as data analysis, model discovery, benchmarking, and model adaptation.

Golnoush Abaei, Mojtaba Shahin, Maria Spichkova

The inclusion of internship courses in Software Engineering (SE) programs is essential for closing knowledge gaps and improving graduates' readiness for the software industry. Our study focuses on year-long internships at RMIT University (Melbourne, Australia), which offers in-depth industry engagement. We analysed how the course evolved over the last 10 years to incorporate students' needs and summarised the lessons learned that can be helpful for other educators supporting internship courses. Our qualitative analysis of internship data based on 91 reports during 2023-2024 identified three challenge themes the students faced, and which courses were found by students to be particularly beneficial during their internships. On this basis, we proposed recommendations for educators and companies to help interns overcome challenges and maximise their learning experience.

Massimiliano Di Penta, Kelly Blincoe, Marsha Chechik et al.

As software engineering conferences grow in size, rising costs and outdated formats are creating barriers to participation for many researchers. These barriers threaten the inclusivity and global diversity that have contributed to the success of the SE community. Based on survey data, we identify concrete actions the ACM Special Interest Group on Software Engineering (SIGSOFT) can take to address these challenges, including improving transparency around conference funding, experimenting with hybrid poster presentations, and expanding outreach to underrepresented regions. By implementing these changes, SIGSOFT can help ensure the software engineering community remains accessible and welcoming.

M. Rohman, Priska Choirina, Trisna Kumala

Engineering Drawing is one of the compulsory courses and plays an essential role in Mechanical Engineering education. However, the learning process of engineering drawing often faces several challenges, such as low student engagement, difficulties in understanding projection and perspective drawings, and limited learning media. To address these issues, this study aims to develop an Interactive Flipbook-based teaching material integrated with Project-Based Learning (PjBL) as an innovative strategy for teaching Engineering Drawing. The interactive learning media was developed using Flipbook Maker software, which allows digital presentation of materials in a more engaging format, including dynamic illustrations, 3D animations, video tutorials, and interactive quizzes. Through the integration of the PjBL approach, students are assigned industry-based projects, such as creating detailed working drawings of machine components in a step-by-step manner. This research employs the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Evaluation was carried out through trials involving students, assessing improvements in drawing skills, understanding of drawing standards, and the overall effectiveness of project-based learning. The results show that the interactive Flipbook based on PjBL received a very valid rating from material experts (87) and a valid rating from media experts (84.2). Moreover, student trials demonstrated significant improvements in conceptual understanding, engineering drawing skills, and learning motivation.

A‘sem Mahmmud El Amaireh, Rawan Sakher AlZoubi

Engin Uğur

Originally developed as a means of transmitting information and warnings by eliminating language and cultural differences in public spaces such as airports, train stations, bus stations, hospitals, stadiums, pictograms have turned into visuals that we encounter in every aspect of our lives today. They are the visual heroes behind the harmonious movement of today's fast and complex pace of life. They deserve all kinds of praise in terms of the mission they have set out. Nowadays, which we call the digital age or the age of visual communication, visuals are produced very intensively in every field, but they are thrown into the visual landfill very quickly. However, it is necessary to keep the pictograms that will be used in a vital issue such as occupational health and safety out of this structure. For occupational health and safety, pictograms are symbols that allow employees and visitors to move safely. These pictograms are used in workplaces to indicate safety rules, instructions and warnings. These pictorams, which are of vital importance for human health and the prevention of occupational accidents, should be easily visible and quickly perception. Although pictograms for occupational health and safety have been standardized and made mandatory by legal regulations, they are produced in very different design options as a result of advanced graphic and printing capabilities. In addition, the new technologies that are being used in dynamic business life reveal the need to prepare informative, stimulating texts, signs and pictograms together with these technologies. In the field of occupational health and safety, whether it is designed for the first time or an old pictogram is revised, the form, size, composition, color and background elements that determine visual perception performance must be evaluated separately. Another important issue is that those responsible for the enterprise show the necessary sensitivity to the physical conditions that will make it easier to see the pictograms. Although it has been prepared at the highest level in terms of graphic design and printing techniques, it cannot have any function in unsuitable location and lighting conditions.

Alberto Bassi, Lucilla Calogero

This paper presents the results of a research project undertaken by a team of researchers at the Università Iuav di Venezia, which began in January 2021 and ended in January 2023. The project investigated the present-day reality of design studios in the Veneto region, to understand the transformations that have occurred in the ways of thinking and acting tied to the modification of the areas of intervention and the design skills that are expected from the designers. The profession and relationships with companies and clients on the one hand have changed from familiar and historically-practiced approaches, reflecting transformations in the position and role of the designer, and on the other have undergone a significant expansion in the possibilities of intervention. The final goal of this study is to offer a reflection on the directions in which the profession is moving, with the aim of informing professionals and design businesses, as well as the educational institutions which are forming the next generations of designers.

Max Ofsa, Taylan G. Topcu

Systems engineering (SE) is evolving with the availability of generative artificial intelligence (AI) and the demand for a systems-of-systems perspective, formalized under the purview of mission engineering (ME) in the US Department of Defense. Formulating ME problems is challenging because they are open-ended exercises that involve translation of ill-defined problems into well-defined ones that are amenable for engineering development. It remains to be seen to which extent AI could assist problem formulation objectives. To that end, this paper explores the quality and consistency of multi-purpose Large Language Models (LLM) in supporting ME problem formulation tasks, specifically focusing on stakeholder identification. We identify a relevant reference problem, a NASA space mission design challenge, and document ChatGPT-3.5's ability to perform stakeholder identification tasks. We execute multiple parallel attempts and qualitatively evaluate LLM outputs, focusing on both their quality and variability. Our findings portray a nuanced picture. We find that the LLM performs well in identifying human-focused stakeholders but poorly in recognizing external systems and environmental factors, despite explicit efforts to account for these. Additionally, LLMs struggle with preserving the desired level of abstraction and exhibit a tendency to produce solution specific outputs that are inappropriate for problem formulation. More importantly, we document great variability among parallel threads, highlighting that LLM outputs should be used with caution, ideally by adopting a stochastic view of their abilities. Overall, our findings suggest that, while ChatGPT could reduce some expert workload, its lack of consistency and domain understanding may limit its reliability for problem formulation tasks.

Junseo Lee, Jaisung Kim, Junyong Park et al.

Graphics rendering that builds on machine learning and radiance fields is gaining significant attention due to its outstanding quality and speed in generating photorealistic images from novel viewpoints. However, prior work has primarily focused on evaluating its performance through software-based rendering on programmable shader cores, leaving its performance when exploiting fixed-function graphics units largely unexplored. In this paper, we investigate the performance implications of performing radiance field rendering on the hardware graphics pipeline. In doing so, we implement the state-of-the-art radiance field method, 3D Gaussian splatting, using graphics APIs and evaluate it across synthetic and real-world scenes on today's graphics hardware. Based on our analysis, we present VR-Pipe, which seamlessly integrates two innovations into graphics hardware to streamline the hardware pipeline for volume rendering, such as radiance field methods. First, we introduce native hardware support for early termination by repurposing existing special-purpose hardware in modern GPUs. Second, we propose multi-granular tile binning with quad merging, which opportunistically blends fragments in shader cores before passing them to fixed-function blending units. Our evaluation shows that VR-Pipe greatly improves rendering performance, achieving up to a 2.78x speedup over the conventional graphics pipeline with negligible hardware overhead.

Zirui Li, Stephan Husung, Haoze Wang

Cross-organizational collaboration in Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) faces many challenges in achieving semantic alignment across independently developed system models. SysML v2 introduces enhanced structural modularity and formal semantics, offering a stronger foundation for interoperable modeling. Meanwhile, GPT-based Large Language Models (LLMs) provide new capabilities for assisting model understanding and integration. This paper proposes a structured, prompt-driven approach for LLM-assisted semantic alignment of SysML v2 models. The core contribution lies in the iterative development of an alignment approach and interaction prompts, incorporating model extraction, semantic matching, and verification. The approach leverages SysML v2 constructs such as alias, import, and metadata extensions to support traceable, soft alignment integration. It is demonstrated with a GPT-based LLM through an example of a measurement system. Benefits and limitations are discussed.

Anatoly A. Krasnovsky

Chaos engineering reveals resilience risks but is expensive and operationally risky to run broadly and often. Model-based analyses can estimate dependability, yet in practice they are tricky to build and keep current because models are typically handcrafted. We claim that a simple connectivity-only topological model - just the service-dependency graph plus replica counts - can provide fast, low-risk availability estimates under fail-stop faults. To make this claim practical without hand-built models, we introduce model discovery: an automated step that can run in CI/CD or as an observability-platform capability, synthesizing an explicit, analyzable model from artifacts teams already have (e.g., distributed traces, service-mesh telemetry, configs/manifests) - providing an accessible gateway for teams to begin resilience testing. As a proof by instance on the DeathStarBench Social Network, we extract the dependency graph from Jaeger and estimate availability across two deployment modes and five failure rates. The discovered model closely tracks live fault-injection results; with replication, median error at mid-range failure rates is near zero, while no-replication shows signed biases consistent with excluded mechanisms. These results create two opportunities: first, to triage and reduce the scope of expensive chaos experiments in advance, and second, to generate real-time signals on the system's resilience posture as its topology evolves, preserving live validation for the most critical or ambiguous scenarios.

Jake Zappin, Trevor Stalnaker, Oscar Chaparro et al.

This position paper examines the substantial divide between academia and industry within quantum software engineering. For example, while academic research related to debugging and testing predominantly focuses on a limited subset of primarily quantum-specific issues, industry practitioners face a broader range of practical concerns, including software integration, compatibility, and real-world implementation hurdles. This disconnect mainly arises due to academia's limited access to industry practices and the often confidential, competitive nature of quantum development in commercial settings. As a result, academic advancements often fail to translate into actionable tools and methodologies that meet industry needs. By analyzing discussions within quantum developer forums, we identify key gaps in focus and resource availability that hinder progress on both sides. We propose collaborative efforts aimed at developing practical tools, methodologies, and best practices to bridge this divide, enabling academia to address the application-driven needs of industry and fostering a more aligned, sustainable ecosystem for quantum software development.

Saeid Abazari, MohammadJavad NourianFard

This innovative project is designed to simultaneously generate electricity and produce freshwater in coastal regions, addressing two critical global challenges: energy scarcity and water shortages. The system begins by drawing seawater into specially designed vacuum chambers equipped with convex roofs. These roofs are engineered to concentrate sunlight efficiently, significantly lowering the water's boiling point and accelerating the evaporation process. As the seawater evaporates, the resulting steam is channeled through a series of helical pipes. These pipes are strategically fitted with curved mirrors that further focus solar energy onto the steam, increasing its thermal energy and raising its temperature to optimal levels. The enhanced steam is then directed into a high-pressure storage tank, where it is held under controlled conditions to maximize energy retention. From the high-pressure tank, the steam is transferred to a Stirling engine, a highly efficient heat engine that converts thermal energy into mechanical work. The mechanical energy generated by the Stirling engine is subsequently transformed into electricity, providing a reliable and sustainable power source for coastal communities. To ensure the system operates autonomously, a solar panel array is integrated into the design. This array powers all the system's auxiliary components, such as pumps and valves, while also storing any excess energy in a battery bank for use during periods of low sunlight. This dual-purpose system not only leverages solar energy to its fullest potential but also exemplifies a sustainable and efficient approach to resource generation in coastal areas. By combining advanced solar concentration techniques with innovative thermal and mechanical engineering, this project offers a scalable and environmentally friendly solution for electricity and freshwater production, making it a promising candidate for addressing the needs of water-stressed and energy-deficient regions worldwide

T. Boschenko, A. Kulakov

Nowadays, studying graphic disciplines with computer graphics helps students to develop both spatial thinking and master modern 3D design and product engineering methods. Participation in competitions helps to test knowledge, skills and abilities in engineering and computer graphics, geometric modelling, and their visualisation. Completing competitive tasks in 3D product modelling and developing drawing and design documentation motivates students to deepen their knowledge in this field. Studying graphic disciplines using modern computer technologies involves students in the learning process and develops technical thinking, all of which is necessary in their professional careers. From their very first years of studies, engineering students get engaged in 3D modelling of parts and assembly units. Competitions in computer graphics enable students to develop their cognitive skills, while the tasks set at the All-Russian Olympiads prepare them for solving real-life engineering problems.

L.I. Khmarova

The paper considers the content of IT specialists training at the Department of Engineering and Computer Graphics, SUSU, “Design of mechanical engineering products using 3D modeling in Compass 3D program” within the “Digital Departments” project. This program focuses on studying the basics of computer geometric modeling on the basis of Compass 3D package to solve engineering problems in designing and constructing mechanical engineering products in all industries. In the course of training students learn standards for design documentation, elements of programming, scientific principles of creating curved lines and surfaces, elements of industrial design. Practical application of the studied material is carried out at the enterprise of the real sphere of economy. The conclusions include the positive experience of teaching the courses of computer graphics by the leading teachers of the department, development of students' creativity, and increase in modern 3D methods of designing mechanical engineering products as a result of the students' practical activity. The knowledge gained in IT training increases the competitiveness of SUSU graduates in the modern labor market, provides them with the opportunity to develop the skills necessary for successful participation in the digital transformation of industry and civil engineering.

Bojja Venu, Adam Bosak, Juan Raúl Padrón-Griffe

Materials exhibit geometric structures across mesoscopic to microscopic scales, influencing macroscale properties such as appearance, mechanical strength, and thermal behavior. Capturing and modeling these multiscale structures is challenging but essential for computer graphics, engineering, and materials science. We present a framework inspired by hypertexture methods, using implicit surfaces and sphere tracing to synthesize multiscale structures on the fly without precomputation. This framework models volumetric materials with particulate, fibrous, porous, and laminar structures, allowing control over size, shape, density, distribution, and orientation. We enhance structural diversity by superimposing implicit periodic functions while improving computational efficiency. The framework also supports spatially varying particulate media, particle agglomeration, and piling on convex and concave structures, such as rock formations (mesoscale), without explicit simulation. We demonstrate its potential in the appearance modeling of volumetric materials and investigate how spatially varying properties affect the perceived macroscale appearance. As a proof of concept, we show that microstructures created by our framework can be reconstructed from image and distance values defined by implicit surfaces, using both first‐order and gradient‐free optimization methods.

Himani Himani

Abstract - The increasing demand for lightweight, high-strength, and cost-effective materials in engineering and industrial applications has driven the development of reinforced and hybrid polymer composites. This review comprehensively examines the evolution and current advancements in polypropylene (PP)-based composites, particularly focusing on hybrid systems incorporating both short fibers and inorganic fillers such as wollastonite, talc, and glass fibers. The article highlights the mechanical, thermal, morphological, and crystallization behavior of these composites, drawing from both historical and recent studies. Key strategies, such as the use of compatibilizers (e.g., PP-g-MA), nanofiller hybridization, and bio-based reinforcements, are explored for enhancing interfacial adhesion, impact resistance, and thermal stability. The role of wollastonite as a multifunctional filler—improving dimensional stability, heat deflection temperature, and processability—is emphasized. Additionally, the review discusses rheological behavior and processing considerations critical to optimizing composite performance. The findings underscore the potential of PP-based hybrid composites to meet diverse application requirements in automotive, construction, packaging, and electronics industries, while also offering pathways for sustainable and multifunctional material solutions. Key Words: Thermoplastics, Hybrid composites, Mechanical properties, rheological properties

Bo‑nan Zhang, Bo Han, Qingsong Zhang

Margherita Ascari, Andrea Cattabriga, Simona Colitti et al.

Since its origins, the discipline of Design has developed in close connection with technological progress, trying to adapt its processes, approaches and methodologies. What we are questioning is how much Design has actually been successful in converging towards a disciplinary model suitable to the most recent technological evolutions such as AI and data-driven approaches, and, first of all, how much the way of thinking of designers has changed in this direction. Through an evaluation of design approaches, methodologies and processes from an historical point of view, the aim of this paper is to surface the misalignment between contemporary design processes logic and the linearity of its common representations, due to recent technological advancements. In fact, the representation of a process affects the epistemology of the process itself. This contribution presents on-going research based on literature review and mapping of contemporary design processes structures and representations, in order to define some good attempts and practices useful for building more reliable representations of design processes able to deal with challenges in a highly-technologically advanced present.