The increasing complexity of supply chains and digital transformation have resulted in the emergence of Digital Supply Chain Finance (DSCF) as a key player in enhancing supply collaboration and sustainable social outcomes. This research uses the concepts of Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) and Trust-Commitment Theory (TCT) to study the factors affecting trust, commitment and adoption of DSCF in the context of a developing country. This study develops a conceptual model using structural equation modeling to analyze how supply complexity, supply dynamics, supply choice, digital strategy management and information sharing affect trust and commitment in the supply chain, as well as the role of supply collaboration in driving DSCF adoption and the impact of DSCF on corporate social sustainability. According to the findings, DSCF adoption and supply collaboration are driven mostly by trust, which greatly helps to lower organizational economic cost and improve efficiency by means of which social sustainable organizational growth is finally achieved. This study offers a conceptual model that companies and legislators may use as a guide to encourage DSCF acceptance thereby improving their competitiveness in the Industry 5.0 era.
Systems engineering, Marketing. Distribution of products
One of the most important tasks in managing the activities of public authorities is to prevent corruption among employees and ensure integrity in the performance of their organisational, managerial or administrative duties. The study of the behavioural patterns of officials who make decisions to commit corrupt acts in their professional duties is central to combating corruption. The systematisation of literature sources and approaches to the study of motives for corruption has shown that the main driving forces of corrupt behaviour are the intentions of individual and collective features, namely, the desire to obtain financial gain, job dissatisfaction, a corrupt environment within an organisation, and impunity for corruption offences. A subject-oriented approach to assessing an official's propensity to engage in corrupt practices is investigated in this article. The peculiarity of the investigated methodology is to determine the behavioural and personal features of an official in professional activity and consider the synergistic effect that arises in the case of a simultaneous positive answer from the respondent to the control questions. The author’s methodology for assessing the propensity of an official to engage in corrupt practices includes 16 key questions in the questionnaire. An important element of the proposed methodology is the formation of an "ideal matrix", which contains combinations of factors that increase officials’ intentions to engage in corruption. The "ideal matrix" was approved following a brainstorming process with experts. Fifty officials aged 27 to 65 years from institutions and organisations in Sumy (Ukraine) were the subject of the study. According to the assessment, one-third of respondents had a high or medium propensity to engage in corrupt practices. Empirical findings have shown that men are more tolerant of corruption than women are, and people aged 51-65 years have the highest propensity for corruption. This methodology allows for the latent quantification of officials’ propensity for corruption and, accordingly, the introduction of measures for preventing criminal corruption early in public administration.
Economics as a science, Marketing. Distribution of products
تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على أثر تطبيق الإستراتيجيات الفردية لإدارة ضغوط العمل بالأبعاد التالية)البحث عن الدعم الاجتماعي، إدارة الوقت، التأمل والاسترخاء، الإستعانة بالدين( على الأداء الوظيفي ثلاثة مؤسسات عمومية للصحة الجوارية بولاية تيارت، ولتحقيق ذلك وزعت 44 استمارة استبيان على عمال المؤسسات محل الدراسة، وفي الأخير توصلنا إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها: وجود أثر إيجابي للإستراتيجيات الفردية لإدارة ضغوط العمل على الأداء الوظيفي، وأن استراتيجية إدارة الوقت هي الإستراتيجية الأكثر استخداما من قبل عمال المؤسسات الصحية محل الدراسة.
This study aims to identify the effect of applying individual strategies to manage work stress in the following dimensions (Seeking social support, time management, meditation and relaxation, seeking help from religion) on job performance in three public health institutions in Tiaret, to achieve this, 44 questionnaires were distributed to the workers of the institutions under study. Finally, we reached a set of results, which are: There is a positive impact of individual strategies for managing work stress on job performance, and that the time management strategy is the most used strategy by the workers of the health institutions under study.
Commercial geography. Economic geography, Marketing. Distribution of products
The article examines the changes taking place in accounting in the context of the development of digital technologies, justifies the need for economic entities to search for new technologies aimed at the formation of competitive advantages. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze the possibili-ties and conditions for the effective use of blockchain technology in accounting. Practical significance of the work: It is proposed to introduce cloud and blockchain technologies in the field of accounting to increase its efficiency and prevent errors. The structure of these technologies, the basic principles of operation are described, as well as the advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The research methodology is based on a theoretical review, study and analysis of foreign and Kazakh experience in implementing pilot blockchain projects. To identify the factors of the internal and external environment that affect the development of blockchain technology in accounting, a SWOT analysis is presented. Separate regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan regulating digital technologies have also been studied. A sociological survey was conducted on the implementation of blockchain for accounting. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that there are both opportunities and obstacles for the introduction of this technology in the accounting of the Republic of Kazakhstan.The idea of blockchain is that it is a public register that uses a peer-to-peer approach to form a chronological database of transactions using the "append" approach, which allows you to preserve the immutability of distributed information.
Economics as a science, Marketing. Distribution of products
يُعتبر التنويع الاقتصادي من أهم المؤشرات التي تُقاس بها اقتصادات الدول، إذ إن الرغبة في تحقيق عدد أكبر لمصادر الدخل الأساسية من شأنها أن تعزِّز قدراته الحقيقية ضمن إطار من التنافسية العالمية، وهوما يعتبر الهدف الأسمى للحكومات التي تسعى للنهوض باقتصادها. يمثل التنويع الاقتصادي العمود الفقري لاستقرار اقتصادات الدول النفطية، فكلما كان هناك تنويع اقتصادي أتاح ذلك فرصاً جيدة لتكوين وبناء اقتصاد قوي يقف في مواجهة التدهور والأزمات الاقتصادية جراء حساسية تقلبات أسعار النفط الناجمة عن عوامل خارج الدولة. تلخصت الدراسة بثلاث بنود , البند الاول تم تحليل ووصف الانفاق العام وجاء البند الثاني مفهوم اساسيات التنوع الاقتصادي وعن البند الثالث تجربة قطر في التنويع الاقتصادي.
Economic diversification is one of the most important indicators by which countries' economies are measured, as the desire to achieve a greater number of basic income sources would enhance their real capabilities within a framework of global competitiveness, which is the ultimate goal of governments seeking to advance their economy. Economic diversification represents the backbone of the stability of the economies of oil-producing countries. Whenever there is economic diversification, this provides good opportunities for the formation and building of a strong economy that stands in the face of economic decline and crises due to the sensitivity of oil price fluctuations caused by factors outside the state. The study was summarized in three items, the first item analyzed and described public spending, the second item came the concept of the basics of economic diversification, and the third item the experience of Qatar in economic diversification.
Commercial geography. Economic geography, Marketing. Distribution of products
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie społecznych przesłanek tworzenia i konsekwencji istnienia systemów gwarantowania depozytów. Zdaniem autora istnienie systemów gwarantowania depozytów sprawia, iż stają się one istotnym elementem, wzmacniającym więzi pomiędzy deponentami i bankami, natomiast ich kształt jest pochodną zaburzeń i zdarzeń kryzysowych w sektorze bankowym. Zestawiając społeczne koszty utworzenia i funkcjonowania systemu gwarantowania depozytów z kosztami skutków paniki na rynku bankowym wskazuje zaś, iż kosztami bezpośrednimi są przede wszystkim składki płacone przez banki, które zmniejszają oprocentowanie depozytów i zwiększają koszt kredytu bankowego dla społeczeństwa. Kosztem pośrednim jest zaś wzrost ryzyka powstania pokusy nadużycia oraz osłabienie bodźców do zwiększania wiedzy deponentów w zakresie ekonomii i finansów.
Purpose/ Research question. A promising way to understand the development of the dynamic capabilities and the knowing process is to build a bridge between the Institutional Theory and the Resource-Based Theory (RBT). Although being needed, this approach is missing in the extant literature. So we have a research question: It possible to construct a bridge between two dimensions basing on two theoretical bodies (Institutional Theory and RBT) using an “inverted binocular” to look at knowing process enacted in a process of organizational learning, for formation of competences and dynamic capabilities?
Design/Method/Approach. This paper analyses two different theoretical frameworks in a theoretic way and proposes an interface between those.
Findings. The exploration and explication of micro-institutional processes (organizational or individual) can be connected to the macro level (societal or field level) by combining Institutional Theory with Resource Based Theory (RBT) in a multiparadigmatic view between visions and levels (cross-level).
Theoretical implications. The bridge between these two theories would enable to strengthen the comprehension of the organizational changes in the various levels of analysis, considering their mutual dependence, and the knowing process and dynamic capabilities.
Originality/Value. One of the differentials of this paper is the attention given to knowledge as the main piece for the construction of the bridge between these theories.
Research limitations/Future research. An interface between the RBT and Institutional theory is necessary for a further development and understanding of concepts such as dynamic capabilities.
Paper type – conceptual.
Aujourd’hui, tout le monde admet que l’activité universitaire constitue une des composantes fondamentales dans le champ de la vie économique et sociale des pays, du fait du rôle fondamental que jouent les universités notamment dans la formation des générations , dans la réflexion sur les différents sujets qui intéressent la société, dans l’adaptation des formations avec les exigences du marché de travail .En effet, les universitaires forment une communauté singulière, qui doit organiser la recherche,la valoriser et en assurer la plus large diffusion.Elle doit aussi veiller à assurer un enseignement de qualité où les règles de déontologie et d’éthique sont respectées à tous les niveaux de l’université. Ces règles si elles sont bien assimilées et appliquées,permettront certainement à l’université d’acquérir les attributs de l’efficacité managériale et de s’inscrire sur la voie de l’excellence.
Management. Industrial management, Marketing. Distribution of products
Management environment system is a comprehensive and coordinated component in the provision of economic functionality of a machine-building enterprise, which predetermines the need to examine it. A difference in the level of innovativeness of innovation-oriented enterprises in machine engineering that operate within the framework of technological stages IV and V requires a substantiation of recommended values of indicators of the dynamics of executing economic functions by management environment system for each group separately.
The goal of present work is to substantiate the recommended values of indicators of the dynamics of executing economic functions by management environment system as a result of comparing machine building enterprises at technological stages IV and V in terms of its component environments and phases of innovation-oriented development within an organization.
We compared a range of recommended (indicative) values of indicators of the dynamics by the relevant indicators of effectiveness of executing economic functions by the component environments of management environment system at the machine building enterprises of technological stages IV and V in terms of performing dynamic economic functions: enhancing capability in comprehensive staff retention, increasing financial motivation and safety for employees, growth in profitability by increasing the potential of employees’ experience, development of innovative potential by developing the intellectual one; increasing the provision with reliable partners, increasing savings on costs, increasing the economic substantiation of interaction in ecosystem, development of consumer interest towards innovation; increasing the supply of active main assets for core activity, renewal of technical and technological states, actively increasing the share of intellectual property in assets, increasing active innovation.
The novelty of present research is in the identification of differences in the range of values for indicators of the dynamics by economic indicators of effectiveness in the functioning of management environment system for the enterprises that operate within the framework of technological stages IV and V, and the substantiation of their drivers.
A practical result of the study is a deepened analysis of economic indicators of effectiveness in the execution of economic functions by management environment system with the substantiation of their comparison by the machine building enterprises that operate within the framework of technological stages IV and V.
A direction for further research is the substantiation of achieving indicators of the dynamics of execution of economic functions for financial-investment environment system at a machine building enterprise.
This article deals with the issues of multi-generational houses, as a form of residence in the XXI century, corresponding to the contemporary challenges of an aging population and diverse ways and patterns of family life. The author describes the evolution of multi-generational house with a view "tomorrow" and "nowadays", as well as spatial solutions is looking for new trends and developments and the needs of a diverse society. The article describes the issue of multi-generational house in relation to urban policy action, e.g. the German initiative to develop a government program "Mehrgenerationenhaus", but also the urban and architectural structure of the example of multi-generational house "Generationenhaus Heslach" in Stuttgart. The result of the study are the social, economic and spatial conclusions as well as to relate to the situation in Poland.
## Purpose of the Study:
This exploratory research study examines business interest in using faculty internships, as well as perceived benefits and concerns, and builds upon literature showing faculty interest in the concept. For the purposes of this study, a faculty internship is defined as a faculty member taking a temporary placement within the field in which he or she teaches in order to gain firsthand experience that can be integrated into classroom learning.
## Method/Design and Sample:
Members of two Midwestern chapters of the Product Development and Management Association (PDMA) were surveyed online through the chapters' LinkedIn pages. Respondents were directed to a Qualtrics survey link. Forty-three surveys were deemed usable. The researchers categorized answers to the open-ended questions via content analysis, and themes were presented to the board of directors of a Midwest chamber of commerce for further qualitative insights.
## Results:
Respondents indicated interest in the concept of faculty internships, particularly in terms of knowledge exchanged between businesses and academe and its translation back into the classroom; however, there are concerns about the value faculty interns can provide to an organization versus consultants, as well as time and budget constraints. Gaining access to faculty experienced in evolving fields, such as marketing analytics and digital marketing, is of particular interest to businesses.
## Value to Marketing Educators:
Educators can use faculty internships to gain industry-specific experience or to become more familiar with current issues in marketing. Such knowledge can be incorporated into marketing curricula, benefiting students while also enhancing the instructor's curriculum vitae. Faculty will need to be prepared to explain what value they can provide to the organization sponsoring the internship.
Marketing. Distribution of products, Special aspects of education
The aim of the article. The article represents the results of analytical review and comparative analysis of EU membership candidate countries legal economic framework for Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova. The aim of the research is to show opportunities and illuminate the gaps for timely fulfillment of obligation in framework of euro integration process.
The results of the analysis. The choice of countries is determined by similarity of political, economic, and social conditions including, inter alia: 1) the aftermath of the global economic crisis; 2) political crisis; 3) threat to sovereignty and territorial integrity, including the risk of armed conflict (the unlawful annexation of the Crimea and Sevastopol and destabilization in the Eastern Ukraine; occupation of Abkhazia and South Ossetia in Georgia; and the Transnistria conflict in Moldova). Economic growth based on more efficient use of available scarce resources is the key to successful withstanding and overcoming these adverse factors. It implies that implementing the Association Agreement is closely linked with the transition toward a green economy.
The comparative analysis determined some similarities in positive shifts for all countries. The following positive shifts characterizing the progress achieved by the countries can be highlighted: demonstration of proactive efforts toward meeting their commitments under the Association Agreement; existing policies, practices and programmes aiming to support the sustainable industrial and business development; reflection of the sustainable development and green economy issues in the official development strategies and their considering to be a priority; activation of effort to develop a system of specific indicators including those that can be used for measuring the efficiency of national policies; incorporation sustainable development objectives in the local development agendas and environmental action plans; taking active part in the international programmes focusing on various aspects of sustainable development, introduction of best practices and technologies; continuing to take considerable efforts to disseminate information about sustainable development and green economy among various stakeholders (to facilitate this, the Aarhus Centre has been established in each country).
Conclusions and directions of further researches. In the article is underlined that first steps to be taken as a matter of priority toward implementing the sustainable development and green economy objectives should include the development of the Governmental Action Plan to support transition toward a green growth model; establishment of the governmental coordination and information centre; adoption of a unified system of sustainable development and green growth indicators; development and introduction of a smart system of economic incentives including tax exemptions, no-interest or low-interest loans for businesses introducing resource-saving technologies and environmental protection facilities (wastewater treatment facilities, waste recycling plants etc.); legislation of mechanisms facilitating the involvement of the public in resource management and decision-making.
Economics as a science, Marketing. Distribution of products
Brand engagement describes the tendency of consumers to make the brands they buy part of their self-concept. This new insight into consumer behavior offers marketers many ways to create relationships with their customers. An unexplored aspect of brand engagement is how it is related to consumer innovativeness, the tendency to be among the first buyers of new products. The present study used survey data from 2399 adult U.S. consumers to show that brand engagement is positively related to consumer innovativeness. This finding suggests that in addition to promoting the features of new products likely to attract innovators, showing how the brand can express the selfconcept of the innovator may also encourage its adoption.