Abstract Earth system models inform water policy and interventions, but knowledge gaps in hydrologic representations limit the credibility of projections and impacts assessments. The literature does not provide conclusive evidence that incorporating higher resolutions, comprehensive process models, and latest parameterization schemes, will result in improvements. We compare hydroclimate representations and runoff projections across two generations of Coupled Modeling Intercomparison Project (CMIP) models, specifically, CMIP5 and CMIP6, with gridded runoff from Global Runoff Reconstruction (GRUN) and ECMWF Reanalysis V5 (ERA5) as benchmarks. Our results show that systematic embedding of the best available process models and parameterizations, together with finer resolutions, improve runoff projections with uncertainty characterizations in 30 of the largest rivers worldwide in a mechanistically explainable manner. The more skillful CMIP6 models suggest that, following the mid-range SSP370 emissions scenario, 40% of the rivers will exhibit decreased runoff by 2100, impacting 850 million people.
Sazin Islam, Md. Shariful Islam, Sharmin Akter
et al.
Male infertility is an escalating global health concern, yet it remains under-researched in Bangladesh. The factors contributing to this issue have not been thoroughly studied. This study aims to identify the factors associated with male infertility in the Chuadanga district of the Khulna division of Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving 690 male participants seeking infertility treatment at community clinics and hospitals within the district. Participants were recruited through a two-stage sampling technique and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The infertility status of the males served as the outcome variable, while sociodemographic characteristics, contextual factors, lifestyle behaviors, and health-related information were treated as explanatory variables. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression models. The study revealed that 16.5% of participants were classified as infertile, while a substantial majority (83.9%) was aware of their condition. Key factors significantly associated with male infertility included educational attainment (AOR = 0.239, p = .032), occupation (AOR = .317, p = .044), monthly income (AOR = 6.324, p = 0.032), monthly expenditure (AOR = 0.184, p = 0.031), type of residence (AOR = 0.139, p < 0.001), sources of drinking water (AOR = 11.615, p < 0.001), and smoking habits (AOR = 3.304, p < 0.001) in the study area. This study underscores critical factors contributing to male infertility in Chuadanga, emphasizing the need for targeted public health interventions. Strategies should emphasize promoting healthy lifestyles, ensuring environmental safety, and improving access to clean drinking water. Raising awareness and enhancing education on male reproductive health can help improve outcomes and reduce infertility rates in low-resource settings.
Bu çalışmanın amacı sporcuların sağlıklı beslenme tutumları ve psikolojik iyi oluş düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenler çerçevesinde incelenmesi iki faktör arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya konulmasıdır. Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 23,91±6.32 olan 168’i kadın, 147’si erkek olmak üzere 315 sporcu dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılara Katılımcı Değerlendirme Formu, Sağlıklı Beslenmeye İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği, Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Bağımsız Örneklem t-Testi, Pearson Korelasyon Analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları kapsamında katılımcıların cinsiyetine, bireysel veya takım sporu sürdürme durumuna göre sağlıklı beslenme tutumlarının ve psikolojik iyi oluş seviyelerinin istatistiksel olarak farklılaşmadığı belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Çalışmanın bir diğer bulgusu ise cinsiyet ve branş fark etmeksizin sporcuların sağlıklı beslenme tutumları ile psikolojik iyi oluşları arasında orta düzey pozitif yönlü ilişkinin bulunmasıdır (p<0,001). Çalışma sonucunda sporcuların sağlıklı beslenmeye yönelik tutumları ile psikolojik sağlıklarının ilişkili olduğu ve bunun branşa ve cinsiyete göre değişmediği sonucuna ulaşılabilir. Bu doğrultuda sporcuların sağlıklı beslenme tutumlarını geliştirmenin, psikolojik sağlıklarını iyileştirdiği; psikolojik iyilik halinde artışın sporcularda sağlıklı beslenme tutumlarını iyileştirdiği söylenebilir.
The article presents data on the spatial and temporal variability of the carbon cycle processes in different types of natural and agricultural ecosystems functioning on Grey-Luvic Phaeozems and Grey-Luvic Phaeozems Hortic. Ecological monitoring of respiration, hydrothermal and chemical properties of soil and productivity of vegetation cover was conducted in six natural and agricultural ecosystems. It was found that soils of the forest and garden ecosystems emit 7.2 – 47.9 % more carbon into the atmosphere than soils of the agroecosystems and the ecosystems with herbaceous phytocenoses. It was revealed that soils (humus horizon of 20 cm thickness) stored up to 3.3 tonnes/ha of carbon (increase in soil organic carbon (SOC) stock), while tree leaves and herbage assimilated up to 7.5 tonnes/ha of carbon in the garden ecosystem during the growing season.
Abstract The combination of fingerprint positioning and 5G (the 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) offers broader application prospects for indoor positioning technology, but also brings challenges in real-time performance. In this paper, we propose a fingerprint positioning method based on a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) using a classification approach in a single-base station scenario for massive multiple input multiple output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems. We introduce an angle-delay domain fingerprint matrix that simplifies the computation process and increases the location differentiation. The cosine distance is chosen as the fingerprint similarity criterion due to its sensitivity to angular differences. First, the DCNN model is used to determine the sub-area to which the mobile terminal belongs, and then the weighted K-nearest neighbor (WKNN) matching algorithm is used to estimate the position within the sub-area. The positioning performance is simulated in a DeepMIMO indoor environment, showing that the classification DCNN method reduces the positioning time by 77.05% compared to the non-classification method, with only a 1.08% increase in average positioning error.
Farhan Sufi, Suryo Saputra Perdana, Amalia Nur Azizah
Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) is an overuse syndrome that commonly causes knee pain and is common in athletics. The prevalence of ITBS in runners ranges from 5%-14%, with a higher prevalence in women (16%-50%) than in men (50%-81%). ITBS can limit Indonesia's athletic performance due to pain on the side of the knee during running, walking and jumping. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiotherapy management for ITBS cases in Indonesian para-athletics. This research is a descriptive case study involving one client with a participatory observation method. The physiotherapy intervention involved Shock Wave Therapy (SWT) and Static Stretching Exercise. The subject of the study was 22 year old national para athlete with height 182 cm, weight 70 kg, and BMI 21.1 in the ideal category. The patient came to the physiotherapy clinic of NPC Indonesia on 20 August 2023 with complaints of pain in the outer side of the right knee. Physical examination showed normal results except for pain examination using Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), where silent pain 2/10, tenderness 4/10, and motion pain 5/10 were found. The diagnosis of ITBS dextra was confirmed through specific examination. After six physiotherapy sessions with SWT and Static Stretching Exercise, there was a significant decrease in pain and an increase in functional activity in ITBS patients. Patients are advised to undergo physiotherapy regularly, do stretching exercises before and after activities, and compress with warm water if experiencing pain.
This article discusses the problems of numerical solution of non-stationary convection-diffusion-reaction problems using the model problem of suspended matter transport as an example. In the difference scheme proposed by the authors, at each time layer, the original spatial-three-dimensional problem is split along horizontal directions into a chain of two-dimensional and one-dimensional problems. In order to ensure the unconditional skew-symmetry of the convective transfer operator and its energy neutrality, the convective terms are written in symmetric form (half the sum of the non-divergent and divergent forms). The approximation of the initial boundary value problem, to which the suspended matter transport model is reduced, is considered in the Hilbert space of grid functions, which in subsequent discussions will allow us to focus on the use of general results of the theory of stability (correctness) of operator-difference schemes.
This article proposes an analysis of the novel Los afectos (2015) by Rodrigo Hasbún that sheds light on new forms of giving meaning to reality in the contemporary Bolivian novel. Based on a hypothesis that identifies the narrative strategies that the novel uses to fictionalize the family memory and national history, I argue that Los afectos explores new forms of connections between aesthetics and politics. Although Hasbún's novel draws attention for its polyphonic structure and plurality of modes of enunciation from which the different narrators position themselves, this innovative proposal is limited by narrative mechanisms that impose forms of control over fictionalized memory, closing any possibility to imagine new relationships between history, memory and narration. The novel, however, leaves open the possibility that, thinking from an affective point of view, more democratic ways of building shared memories may emerge.
The article deals with the idea of the city as the independent actor in the “Crepuscule” film. The author states that: 1) the screening time, showing the city 2) the city has an impact to the other actors, when it interacts with them, giving its reactions, 3) there are city close-ups in the film, when the whole screen shows the city, 4) these city-only close-ups are based on the narrative of the film, 5) symmetry (similarity) of images of the main characters achieved by using the same means of their presentation. The city is the quintessence of culture. The culture has been researched with the help of the activity concept, so the idea of aggressiveness of culture is important. The culture is hostile to the part of spiritual life, which is not connected to the material consumption sphere. This spiritual side of the personality has another way for the implementation in the city. This way is livoli.
Anthropology, Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform
The history and geography of intellectual neglect of Marxism are the history and geography of Marxism itself. Scholars of different political persuasions and from different regions of the world, including some ‘Marxists’, have pointed to its various deficiencies ever since its origin. But is Marxism really as bad as it is made out to be? In this short article, I argue that it absolutely is not. I discuss my view of Marxism, including Marxist geography. The latter examines economy, politics, culture and nature/body from the vantage-point of space, place, scale and human transformation of nature. I also discuss what difference Marxism has made to my own agenda of abstract and concrete research. For me, Marxism fundamentally comprises ideas of Marx and Engels, and revolutionary Marxist socialists of the 20th century (Lenin, Luxemburg and Trotsky), and those who have critically developed their thinking. I discuss four major areas of Marxism: philosophy (dialectical and materialist views of society and nature), social theory, or historical materialism, (geographical) political economy, and theory of communist practice. Marxism treats class, including in its capitalist form, as the causally most important social relation which explains how human beings live their lives. Class relations, and capitalism, structure gender and racial oppression which in turn influence class relations at a concrete level, and which are behind the geographical organization of society. The main goal of Marxism is not to produce ideas for the sake of ideas. It is rather to arm the exploited masses with adequate ideas that describe, explain and critique the world from their standpoint, so they can engage in the fight to produce an alternative social-spatial arrangement, i.e. a democratic and classless society which is ecologically healthier and which avoids geographically uneven development intra-nationally and internationally.
Naveena Neelam, Gubbala C. Satyanerayana, Kotla S. Rao
et al.
An assessment of temperature extremes is made for the Indian subcontinent to identify the changes since 1951 to 2015, and for the future climate periods till 2100 for all the 21 CMIP5 (Coupled Model intercomparision Project phase 5) models and the representative concentration pathways RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 were examined for the period from 1 March to 31 May to characterize the heat waves in future climates and mean maximum and mean minimum bias were evaluated for the Indian subcontinent. Later two highest recorded temperature regions were chosen Northwest & Central India (NW&CIN) and only central India (CIN) box and the features of heat waves such as intensity and frequency were evaluated up to 2100. Corresponding temperature predictions from historical runs for the period 1951–2005 of 21 global CMIP model outputs and statistics were performed with the India Meteorological Department (IMD) gridded maximum temperature data for validation. Statistical metrics of BIAS, RMSE and MAE have indicated low BIAS, high correlation and high IOA (Index of Agreement) validating CMIP climate simulations. By analyzing the statistics of all the 21 models with respect to the observational gridded data from IMD came to conclusion that among all the 21 models 5 models were performing well for Indian region and having good index of agreement with IMD. The frequencies of the days having thresholds of 40 ºC, 42 ºC and 45 ºC for the maximum temperature over India during the pre-monsoon are evaluated up to 21st century. All models are showing that the intensity and frequency of heat waves were increasing significantly for both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Specifically, the characteristics of heat waves in terms of intensity, duration and area extent are calculated and compared to heat waves of the current climate.
Xipi Lacquer Art in Huizhou was once well-known all over China with the brilliant Huizhou merchants and it was once also annihilated in the river of long history. The surface of Huizhou Xipi Lacquer Art is so bright that it can serve as a mirror, and the swirling, complicated and changing patterns endow it with mysterious and gorgeous beauty. In modern times, since the technique of Huizhou Xipi Lacquer Art recovered all that was lost, its special aesthetic sense of beauty and the craftsman’s pursuit of superlative craftsmanship have led to the increasing emphasis on the objects produced by it for people to appreciate. This deviates from the public’s demand for stable quality and economic utility, and it is difficult to integrate into the consumer market. In this paper, through the in-depth analysis of the history and context of Huizhou Xipi Lacquer Art, the author combines with the theory of contemporary product design to explore the advantages and disadvantages of Huizhou Xipi Lacquer Art into modern product design. Besides, the author uses the scientific research method to find a breakthrough for the two symbiosis and concludes the approach to realize the innovation and development of the excellent traditional technology in the era of science and technology.
Alicja Maria Ozga, Aleksandra Obuchowska, Justyna Wójcik
et al.
<p><strong>Introduction:</strong></p><p>One of the main characteristics of cancer is uncontrolled cell proliferation as well as loss of cells adhesion in the case of metastases. Cadherins and catenins are the molecules responsible for cell-to-cell interaction. Together, they form a complex called ECCU (E-cadherin/catenin complex) which maintains the proper tissue structure. However, an impairment in its functioning can result in many adverse health effects, such as cancer promotion.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong></p><p>To evaluate the potential role of ECCU complex in carcinogenesis.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong></p><p>We performed the database research using PubMed, Springer Link and ResearchGate and we made review and meta-analysis of relevant studies. We searched for studies analyzing the relationship between ECCU complex and carcinomas development.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong></p><p>ECCU takes part in many cell processes and pathways, such as Wnt/Wingless‐signaling pathway or EMT/MET processes. It interacts with various molecules, for instance p27 protein or transcription factors. Aberrations in the expression of ECCU components is related to carcinoma promotion, shorter survival rate of patients and poor differentiation of the tumor.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong></p><p>A role of the ECCU complex is complicated, however there is a clear correlation between loss of cell adhesion and carcinoma promotion and progression. The complex can be a possible target of anti-cancer therapy in the future; it is also under investigations as a marker of the disease, however it is questionable.</p>
The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the existing water supply system of Adama Town by considering direct and indirect performance measurements. The paper also investigates the application of technical performance index to evaluate the operational performance of the water distribution system and to easily identify the critical areas in the network. The evaluation carried out based on WaterNetGen tools an extension of EPANET to attain direct performance measurement and Minitab16 software to analyze primary data to achieved indirect performance measurement. Based on water tap flows result, most of the residences got water at night time and were not satisfied with the town water supply services. The greatest minimum slack pressure and velocity occurred in a small area of the network, and the global technical performance index of pressure and velocity were 35.75% and 46.19%, respectively.
It is possible to ensure safety of the entire construction process as well as safe operation of buildings and structures in future by timely implementation of geotechnical monitoring. Geotechnical monitoring of buildings and structures is a complex research of “soil base – foundation – above ground structures of a building”. Geotechnical monitoring studies behaviour of buildings and structures during construction and operation and, safety measures to prevent hazardous situations in future are undertaken upon analysis of acquired results. Geotechnical monitoring comprises combination of works, including field observation for structures’ behaviour of a building under construction or renovation, its foundation, including soil body surrounding the structure under construction, and field observation for structures of surrounding buildings. Such monitoring allows us to timely detect and prevent non-reversible processes that occur in “soil base – foundation – above ground structures of a building” system. Considering task in hand to ensure safety and security of buildings and structures, list of geotechnical monitoring works can be divided into following blocks: object monitoring; hydrogeological monitoring; ecological monitoring and computational and analytical block which makes assessment of current geotechnical situation on the construction object and develops relevant recommendation for further continuation of works. This article looks into special aspects of multiyear (2005 – 2019) geotechnical monitoring for deformational behaviour of buildings under operation, open parking spaces No.1 and No.2, located in area of effect from construction of railway connecting Vnukovo-1 airport and Kievskiy train station in Moscow and in the area of effect of new Vnukovo-1 airport construction. Article looks into tasks to ensure regular operation of existing buildings and monitoring of hazardous situations and their origin caused by construction works or poor technical condition of monitored objects. Particular to renovation of Vnukovo-1 airport, that started in 2005 is the fact that during construction it was necessary to ensure operation of a number of maintained buildings. Among them are open parking spaces No.1 and No.2.
Labour market is getting more and more diverse. Young people have broad spectrum of possibilities to plan and develop their future careers. Future graduates may put attention on different opportunities from huge corporations to local non-governmental organizations. One of still underestimated sectors as a working place is the social enterprise sector. The current debate of the labour market is focusing on the issue of competences needed to meet the needs of a highly competitive labour market. The idea of entrepreneurship is also a focal point for these considerations. The main aim of the paper is to present the analysis of choices for career development among students from non-economic fields of study. The research was conducted among students of non-economics majors in the University of Lodz, Poland. Authors were seeking the answer to the question of whether the social economy organizations are treated as a potential workplace. The main results of the study confirm that the social economy sector is not the priority as a future choice for career development.