This review article is dedicated to the 55th anniversary of the yearbook “The People’s Republic of China: Politics, Economics, Culture”. It briefly presents the publication’s background and highlights the features of the first issues from 1969 to 1972. The publication of yearbooks on China, which began as an experiment, gave a positive impetus to the development of a serial scientific information material that implemented the idea of a comprehensive approach to the study of China. After the removal of the restrictive classification in 1975, it became open to a wide audience. It is noted that since 2000, an increasing number of articles have been distinguished by a deep analytical approach to the processes unfolding in China. Over more than 50 years of its existence, the yearbook has acquired authority in academic and public circles, becoming an informal calling card of the IFES (later ICCA RAS). The review attempts to assess the significance of the first books and the series as a whole, to draw attention to research on the topic of the “chronicle” of the PRC, and to arouse interest of young authors in studying the heritage of Russian Sinology.
South Asia. Southeast Asia. East Asia, Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
Founded in 1973 in Heidelberg, Germany, the African Law Association has committed itself to the promotion of “African Law”, i.e. the various legal sources which were or are applicable on the African continent. The 200 members or the Association are not only inter-ested in international law, state laws and non-state laws (e.g. customary and religious legal sources) that relate to the past and present legal culture of all African states, but also in African legislative and judicial systems and in international African organizations. To share knowledge and exchange ideas, the Association has been organizing numerous conferences
on topics related to “African Law” since 1975 and has been publishing the journal “Law in Africa” since 1997. This paper emphasizes the importance of the Association for the preservation, promotion and protection of African legal cultures throughout the changing times.
Asia and Eurasia, Africa, Pacific Area, and Antarctica
The article presents an analysis of the collection of Japanese poetry in eight volumes “The Great Library of Japanese Poetry” (2022), which was compiled, translated and commented by A.A. Dolin. According to the reviewer, this unique publication has no analogues in the world of Japanese studies, so it should be considered as the final, most complete and meaningful work of the famous Russian specialist on Japan, translator and writer Alexander Dolin, whose main sphere of interest for more than half a century has been Japanese belles-lettres. The author of the review substantiates the assumption that this anthology of Japanese poetry will remain a fundamental publication for generations of Russian lecturers, students, philologists and readers interested in Japanese literature for years to come.
South Asia. Southeast Asia. East Asia, Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
AbstractThis chapter offers a new, brief yet cohesive introduction to travel across Mongol Eurasia. It is usually assumed that this period resulted in the movement of relatively large numbers of people across vast distances. However, previous studies of this period have not adequately distinguished between different types of movement within the wider Mongol sphere. This essay seeks to develop a thorough discussion of the different forms of movement in this period, by interrogating texts of travel accounts through the lenses of curiosity, motives and redefinition of the self within a description of geographic and social spaces. It critically reconsiders the amount of trade carried out during the so-called Pax Mongolica, and it explores an array of examples of travel writings, penned by both European and intra-Asian authors.
The 6th Plenum of the 19th CPC Central Committee (Beijing, November 8–11, 2021)
decided to hold the 20th Congress of the CPC in the second half of 2022. Judging by a number of sources,
there is a reason to believe that this anniversary forum of Chinese communists can make a number of
landmark decisions in the history of the CPC, including in the spirit of “re-Stalinization in the Chinese
manner”. In the meantime, in 2021, the PRC and the world in general celebrated the 100th anniversary of the Communist Party of China (CPC). The Chinese Communists have approached this anniversary with a host of undeniably glorious historic achievements, despite previously known mistakes and difficulties. At the same time, the pompous celebrations and the propaganda pathos of official Beijing could not cover up the complex of the most serious problems on the way of the development of China in the 21st century. In this light the article dwells on some results of development of the communist movement in China
and in the world, the modern socio-dynamics and the prospects of China’s further progress in the 21st
century.
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This article examines the African Union (AU) sanctions against unconstitutional change of government. It reviews the legal background to this phenomenon and finds that unconstitutional changes of government remain recurrent and widespread across the continent. However, the AU has at its disposal a variety of sanctions, ranging from politico-diplomatic sanctions to targeted as well economic sanctions. Furthermore, perpetrators of unconstitutional change of government can be prosecuted at the domestic, regional and continental levels. But sanctions do not suffice to restore democratic order despite their punitive character. In fact, the AU also keeps diplomatic contacts and provides support to the establishment of transition governments, power sharing deals, and the organization of new elections. This fosters the rise of constitutionalism in times of crises which precedes the establishment of new democratic political orders. If this can be considered as a success in itself, the paper contends that in most of the cases, the AU and even Regional Economic Communities (RECS)/Regional Mechanisms (RMs) fail to restore to power overthrown governments. Rather, de facto authorities succeed to retain their positions after legitimizing their governments through presumed democratic elections. In addition, member states and some RECs, such as the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) in the situation in CAR in 2003, undermine the AU policy of sanctions. Be it as it may, the study concludes that the AU legal framework still has some loopholes in that a number of situations are not covered by it, such as infringing the principles of democratic government through fraudulent or delayed elections, and popular uprising. Therefore, it suggests that the better way to deal with unconstitutional changes of government is prevention. This requires a universal African adherence to common values and principles of democratic governance, including the ratification of relevant AU treaties and their implementation at the domestic level.
Asia and Eurasia, Africa, Pacific Area, and Antarctica
At the beginning of 2022, Kazakhstan was at the epicenter of geopolitical tension in the
post-Soviet space. This is due to the multi-vector policy of this State, which negatively affected not only the development of the country's economy, but also the protection of its security from internal and external threats. An analysis of the January events in the republic indicates that they mainly related to internal factors – the discontent of the population with the rapid rise in prices for liquefied gas and an attempt to
redistribute spheres of influence in the highest spheres of the government. In addition, the external factor had a significant impact on the development of these events. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to reveal the causes of the tragic events in the winter of 2022; to analyze the actions of Kazakhstan’s authorities and the CSTO forces in the current conditions; to determine a possible strategy of the collective West in the republic after the January events; to propose a variant of the Russian strategy in the interests of returning Kazakhstan to its orbit of influence. The author's conclusions concerning the objectives of the study are presented at the end of the article.
South Asia. Southeast Asia. East Asia, Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
This review is based on the materials published in January – March 2021 in various
media of East Asian countries, which cover the most relevant topics for the region during this
period. Among them are: the election of new Secretary General of the Lao People’s Revolutionary
Party, the 13th National Party Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam, the military coup in
Myanmar, the results of China’s poverty alleviation program, the vaccination process in Asia and its
impact on economic recovery, the first QUAD’s summit.
South Asia. Southeast Asia. East Asia, Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
This paper considers the “Ice Silk Road” initiative within the framework of the reconstruction of the Arctic ocean order. In the beginning it analyzes the basic forms and development trends of the current international Arctic ocean order and summarizes the common challenges faced by China and Russia under the existing order. The authors discuss the feasibility of the jointly constructed Ice Silk Road between China and Russia to meet common challenges. Finally, with the goal of reconstructing the international order in the Arctic region, the paper explains the specific paths of the joint construction of the “Ice Silk Road” between China and Russia
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By the time the founding fathers of the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA) signed the Treaty of Port Louis, the financial markets in Western and Central Africa were embryonic. Nowadays the situation has changed and it seems appropriate to reconsider relationship between OHADA law and securities exchange markets. Indeed, OHADA's Community legislation has to deal with the securities markets covered and serve both the proper functioning of the market and the protection of investors. The uniform Act on Commercial Companies and Economic Interest Groupings contains provisions referring to specific financial rules. However, is this sufficient to earn the public trust? Financial market law is a complex discipline. If we supplement this the effort required for investors to find their way between the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) or the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC) stock exchange law and national constraints throughout OHADA, the following question must be asked: How is the investor’s interest protected in this legal jungle? This paper tries to analyse the legal mechanisms of investor protection in the WAEMU Regional Stock Exchange and the Central African Stock Exchange, combining them with the uniform law for commercial companies of OHADA.
Asia and Eurasia, Africa, Pacific Area, and Antarctica
The language policy and planning in the PRC are represented on various official central and
local websites. The annual statistical analysis of Chinese words and characters used online are among the
tasks, set by the authorities before the linguists. The technologies, allowing to recognize words within the
character texts and to mark them as belonging to a particular part of speech in the isolating syllabic Chinese language are applied within the process of creating numerous text corpora, often accessible on the Web. Speech recognition and speech synthesis technologies based on AI are used in machine translation, on the official websites for Standard Mandarin learners, as well as in spoken corpora. Among the latter are dialect corpora created in Taiwan and Hong Kong and available online
South Asia. Southeast Asia. East Asia, Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
The article discusses the current epidemiological situation in comparison with some other
countries, provides an assessment of the current situation on the basis of the available statistical data.
The author highlights the problem of interpretation of the data on the situation with COVID-19 and suggests a
balanced method of its analysis. The key features of measures taken by the South Korean government to
combat the spread of COVID-19 were studied as well as the country's existing advantages in this situation. The article offers the assessment of the effectiveness of these measures. The author investigates the economic situation in Korea at the time of the outbreak, and the first economic consequences of COVID-19, considering the main economic indicators for the first quarter of 2020 and forecasts for 2020 from international organizations and the government of RK. In conclusion, the author provides issues for further research.
South Asia. Southeast Asia. East Asia, Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
In a globalized international system of economic competition, development cannot take place without adequate legal structures which have to be adopted from industrialized countries. Their adoption, however, meets with three kinds of obstacles: lack of processing capacities, cultural habits and power structures. To overcome those and institutionalize a state of the law including human rights, several structural changes in African societies and states have to be made simultaneously (as they condition each other), the empowerment of civil society, the creation of mass incomes, the changing of notions of legitimacy and the transfer of legal structures. This calls for a two-pronged approach, engineering those changes in a coordinated fashion on the one hand and the direct transfer and implementation of specific laws in new and hitherto unregulated fields on the other.
Asia and Eurasia, Africa, Pacific Area, and Antarctica