Hasil untuk "Moral theology"

Andrei Efremov

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of religious identity and theological beliefs in shaping individuals’ perceptions of the world and themselves, as well as their influence on social adaptation in the United States. The methodology employed included surveys, statistical analysis, and PESTEL analysis. Additionally, a mechanism was developed to assess the impact of religious practices on individuals’ worldview and their adaptation to the social environment. The findings indicate that religion significantly influences respondents’ perceptions of the world and their moral beliefs. The majority of respondents identified as Christians, highlighting the importance of Christian values in shaping their views. Specifically, 60% of respondents identified as Christians, while 15% considered themselves atheists. Furthermore, 35% stated that their moral beliefs were entirely shaped by religious teachings, and 50% reported that religion enabled them cope with stress through prayer or meditation. Religious practices, such as prayer and meditation, were found to actively assist individuals in managing stress and navigating life’s challenges. A significant proportion of respondents noted that religion influenced their perspectives on social and political issues, though for some, religion was not the primary determinant of their beliefs. Overall, the study demonstrated that while religion plays a role in shaping attitudes towards social and political matters, the religious beliefs of most respondents remained stable over time.

M. Abdelnour

Muslim responses to Artificial Intellgence (AI) have so far focused mainly on how it challenges the human “mind”. This paper moves from the “mind” to the “heart”, which, in Islam, is not only a vessel of emotion but a cognitive, moral and spiritual centre. Charting a path between cynicism and optimism, the article proposes a third track: critical, hopeful, and ethically grounded. Utilizing indigenous Islamic concepts (e.g., ijtihād “independent reasoning”, maṣlaḥah mursalah “unrestricted public interest”, and sadd al-dharā’iʿ “blocking the means to harm”), it advocates a bottom-up approach that focuses not just on managing AI, but on shaping “who” we are in the AI age, calling for a moral vision rooted in intentionality (niyyah), moral clarity, and individual-cum-collective responsibility.

John Philip Sele, Cynthia Wanjiku

To combat poverty and injustice in Nigeria and Kenya, this article examines how religion and development connect. Notwithstanding their abundance of natural resources, both countries struggle with serious socioeconomic issues that compromise human dignity and impede long-term development. The research claims that frameworks for addressing these problems may be effectively provided by theological concepts like social justice, stewardship, and the preferred choice for the poor. The study emphasizes the critical role that Christian organizations play in advancing social justice and sustainable development by looking at the historical backgrounds, faith-based activities, and theological underpinnings in both nations. The results indicate that incorporating religious perspectives into development approaches not only offers workable answers but also improves the moral and ethical aspects of development initiatives in Kenya and Nigeria.

Karman Karman, Rosihon Anwar, Lukman Hakim

The research investigates the intersection of Qur'anic learning, eco-theology, and environmental transformation at the Biharul Ulum Agroecology pesantren (BUAP) in Bogor. Recognizing that environmental issues stem largely from human behavior, the study explores how perspectives derived from the holy book influence individuals. Employing moral theory and liberation theology, the research adopts a qualitative and ethnographic approach to reveal the impact of theology-based Al-Quran learning on environmental practices at pesantren. The findings illustrate that eco-theology-based learning has sparked a notable environmental transformation, shielding the community from ecological crises. This transformation unfolds through a multifaceted process: communal dialogues addressing local challenges, rigorous study of the Quran under the guidance of kyai (Islamic scholars), and subsequent environmental conservation initiatives spearheaded by pesantren. The amalgamation of religious teachings with practical actions has not only mitigated environmental crises but has also alleviated social challenges. BUAP serves as a catalyst for positive change and demonstrates the potential of Qur'anic learning to inspire environmentally conscious behavior. This research contributes to understanding the role of Islamic education in fostering eco-conscious attitudes and offers insights into the synergy between religious teachings and environmental stewardship for the betterment of society.

Steven P. Millies

Review of Charles C. Camosy, _One Church: How to Rekindle Trust, Negotiate Difference, and Reclaim Catholic Unity_

Nurhibe Büşra Er

Din ve dinin geleceği uzun yıllardır akademik ve yerel çevrelerce üzerinde tartışılan temel konuların başında gelmektedir. Bu minvalde tartışmanın bir cephesinde klasik sekülerleşme teorileri yer alırken diğer bir cephede dinin bireylerin ve toplumların zihin dünyalarında halen varlığını devam ettiren başat faktörlerden biri olduğu görüşü kabul görmektedir. Ancak son dönemde ortaya çıkan çalışmalar bu iki temel iddianın bambaşka boyutlarını gözler önüne sermektedir. Birçok farklı coğrafyada yeni dini hareketler ve mensuplarını, spiritüel akımları ve ritüelleri yerinde gözlemleyen Ali Köse, 21. Yüzyıl din olgusunu Batı ülkeleri ekseninde incelediği Dinin Geleceği isimli esere hayat vermiştir. Yazara göre artık dünyada ateizm, agnostisizm ya da deizmden daha tehlikeli bir boyut var ise bu da dine ve Tanrı’ya karşı umursamazlık içinde düşünceler geliştiren yeni neslin anlayışı konusudur. Bu noktada kritik ettiğimiz bu eser, Batıda meydana gelen yeni akımları ve düşünceleri alan araştırmaları ve anket verileri ile okuyucuya aktaran nadir çalışmalardan biridir.

Teresa Astramowicz-Leyk, Yaryna Turchyn, Olha Ivasechko et al.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of minilateral alliances, the member states of which are Ukraine and European countries seen through the prism of the security dimension. The definition of minilateralism, the origins of the concept, its strengths and weaknesses are presented. The authors focused on the importance and priorities of mini-alliance cooperation, in particular, the security dimension of Ukraine's cooperation within such alliances as: "The Lublin Triangle", "Associated Trio", "Quadriga", Tripartite Alliance, The Romania-Republic of Moldova-Ukraine Alliance, the Great Britain-Poland-Ukraine Alliance. The criteria of political, economic, military, and sanctions support of Ukraine by the countries-participants of minilateral alliances during the war are presented. The key challenges to the functioning of alliances and promising areas for further cooperation are highlighted. The authors used systemic, institutional, comparative and statistical methods, as well as method of document analysis and case study, to characterize the process of current activation of minilateral alliances within the Ukraine-European countries framework. The research paper summarizes the positive consequences of Ukraine’s minilateral cooperation with European countries, which contribute to overcoming modern security challenges.

Daniel J. Fleming, James F. Keenan, SJ, Hans Zollner, SJ

La publicación de esta obra supone cierta urgencia, una urgencia que a menudo no se encuentra en otro tipo de trabajos teológicos. La verdadera escala del daño a la dignidad humana causado por el abuso sexual dentro de la Iglesia plantea profundos dilemas, tanto para las disciplinas como para aquellos que las practican: ¿Hasta qué punto hemos pasado por alto estos problemas? ¿Por qué nuestros esfuerzos en teología y ética teológica han tardado tanto en abordar estos temas? ¿De qué manera están implicadas la teología y la ética teológica en esta crisis? ¿Qué contribuciones específicas podrían ofrecer estas disciplinas para abordar constructivamente este desafío? Este volumen reúne el trabajo de diversos académicos de distintas partes del mundo, todos ellos dedicados al análisis y la reflexión de estas y otras interrogantes.

Wojciech Zawadzki

System finansowania parafii i plebanów na terenach żuławskich ukształtował się w średniowieczu i z pewnymi modyfikacjami przetrwał aż do 1945 r. Podstawę tego finansowania stanowiła ziemia uprawna przekazana przez zakon krzyżacki każdej nowo erygowanej parafii. Wraz z pojawieniem się w XVI w. na Żuławach Malborskich luteran i mennonitów w lokalnych parafiach katolickich wzniesiono świątynie, które funkcjonowały poza obowiązującym w Rzeczypospolitej systemem prawnym i ustrojowym. Luterański i mennonicki system kościelny przez okres nowożytny nie dysponował na terenach żuławskich ziemią uprawną i borykał się z tego powodu z problemami finansowymi. Niewiele jednak zmieniło się pod tym względem w XIX w., już pod panowaniem pruskim, nadal bowiem parafie luterańskie nie miały stabilnego statusu ekonomicznego, a parafie katolickie w pełni korzystały z respektowanych przez państwo pruskie praw nabytych. Z tego powodu między oboma wyznaniami od końca XVIII w. do początku XX w. dochodziło do licznych konfliktów z sądowym epilogiem. W najtrudniejszym położeniu prawnym byli jednak żuławscy mennonici, którzy w sytuacji prawnej dyskryminacji ich wyznania przez pruskie prawodawstwo, coraz częściej podejmowali decyzje o emigracji z Prus.

Andrew Kim

Review of Nicholas Kahm, _Aquinas on Emotion’s Participation in Reason

Kim Humphrey, Stephanie Edwards

The concept of haunting is one that holds deep potential for our current moment. In this paper, to speak of haunting is to speak about our connection to the transcendent spirits that move among us – that essence that indicates the nature of individuals, events, and lives that continue beyond their instantiations of concrete, material being. When read in the light of theology, here informed by psychology and trauma studies, our ghosts can help us identify our mistakes, our pain, our confusion, our questions, and even our inheritances, rather than brushed off as trite or a useless trope. In adopting a hermeneutic of haunting this paper begins the task of tackling the scale and depth of the clerical sex abuse crisis: first as event, and also as ongoing inheritance. The paper unfolds in three parts. First, the starting point is naming that clerical sex abuse haunts the Church today, a specter over all of the faithful that too often goes unrecognized. Second, is exploring how this abuse lingers concretely in our biology—as we are beginning to understand our biological selves as connected across time, with particular regard to traumatic experiences. Third, is revealing how the definitive wound of clerical sex abuse and its ghostly remnants call forth concrete practices of conversion and care for the victimized. With these strands in hand, the paper weaves a loose fabric that speaks to the haunted reality of the current and future Church, specifically how the bodies of its members carry the damage wrought by abuse, and how the Church acts as a shaming and shamed subject in ways that inform our communal identity and our interpretation of the call to conversion.

Paweł Góralczyk

Moral Law Vs. Conscience in the Veritatis Splendor.

C. Kelly

Recent work has improved the understanding of social structures in theological discourse, but ambiguity persists with respect to structures of sin. Here, a revised definition of structural sin reconnects this concept with its theological roots, adding clarity to the nature of structural sin and strengthening the moral weight of the term. Parallels with fMRI research in the field of moral psychology then refine the existing account of the operation of structural sin. Together, these insights aid in the identification of structures of sin and improve efforts to combat their influence.

Güldane Gündüzöz

HistoricallyFāṭima the daughter of Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh, the Prophet of Islam, by hisfirst wife, Khadīja b. Khuwaylid has an ontological and eschatological meaningin Shīʿī thought. It is important to reveal the nature of this situation and toanalyze the analogy with the Sacred Mary. Figure of Fāṭima is very different inthe Shīʿī thought system. There is a system ofthinking that transcends historical data. An image of the Sacred Fāṭima, whichhas an active role in both existential and eternal dimension is envisaged inthis thought. This conception played a role in the institutionalization oftheImāmī Shīʿī theory within the Shīʿī tradition. Fāṭima’s charisma wasorganized in a similar way to the Saint Mary’s. This charisma has aspects ofthe hereafter such as intercession and mediation. This charisma also hasworldly indicators of healing. Sacred Fāṭima and Mary is evaluated in a similar“ordeal” event. This analogy shows itself in various nomenclature, virginity,fertility, chastity, intercession, healing and fertility, becoming a celestialbeing, coming to the world as a divine being subjects. Finally on one hand Fāṭimafigure is shaped as a spiritual source in a ahistorik structure, on the otherhand, as in the notion of Virgin Mary, it took an iconographic form in theShīʿī thought. Thus Fāṭima is conceived as an intercessor of wisdom, close tothe mediatrix concept in Christianity in the Shīʿī thought system. Sacred Fāṭimawas accepted as a source of healing and fertility. Especially this figure isimpressed by Sacred Mary as much as she is influenced by “The Umayiyesi-UmayAna Figure” in the Altaic area. As a result of this icon appeared in the formof “Hamsa: Hand of Fāṭima” in Shīʿī public. This paper examines how theimportant and respected Fāṭima is judged to be a reference point for certainbeliefs and acceptances in perspective of historical and religious. Similarlythis paper examines how Fāṭima has been transformed into a cult entity in Shīʿīthought. As a result of this transformation, Fāṭima’s image is used as areference in the Shīʿī literature in formation of upper concepts such as ImāmīShīʿism, custody and intercession. This article examines the conversion ofhistorical and religiously important and respected Sacred Fāṭima into a cultentity.

D. S. Martyshyn

The article deals with the most important questions of the philosophy of history, the meaning of human life, questions about the purpose of history and issues related to Christian eschatology and public administration. The problems of the relationship between Christianity and culture, the role of man in history are covered in detail. Christian theology is organically combined with state administration, philosophy, history, forming as a result a unified Christian doctrine, in which the theological aspect is the most important facet of the philosophy of history of modern science. The author is convinced that history is a deep creative process, a way to comprehend spiritual meanings, and it’s not a spontaneous chain of random events. Today it is necessary to reconstruct the Christian eschatological prognostic, taking into account the achievements and developments of public administration, religious philosophy, political science, sociology and philosophy of history. The article is directly related to understanding the main aspects of Christian history in the context of state formation. And this growing scientific interest towards understanding the processes of Christian history is quite explicable. It is important to keep in mind that in an era of global challenges for mankind, more than ever, science increases the need to understand the entire complex and contradictory chain of historical events, to understand its eternal, absolute meaning, so as not to err in choosing the spiritual vectors for the further development of modern society. Eschatology returns to modern man not only faith in God, but also faith in the transformation of history itself, in the opportunity to build the life of the church community, family, working community, the state and the whole society in accordance with the values of their religion. A strategic initiative must come from the Church, which would indicate the prospect of restoring universal unity based on biblical revelation. The author insists that modern humanity in order to survive seems to require a serious transformation of the mass consciousness in the spirit of religious tradition. It can be said that history requires not only economic growth, financial well-being, but also the triumph of spirit, moral categories and religious values. Christian philosophy of history is not a teaching about impersonal mechanisms of world evolution (progress), not a set of political programs or ideological patterns that play a normative role in society, but a sermon on God, on eternal and absolute values of being, transforming the entire world history.

Oliver D. Crisp

Michael Banner

Jochen Sautermeister

Ramón Luzárraga

Giuseppe Marcocci