Hasil untuk "History of the Greco-Roman World"

Martin Ruiz

En la epístola 12 Spinoza utiliza dos expresiones tan significativas como inusitadas: “a rebus aeternis fluit” y “ab aeternitate fluunt”. Se ha sostenido que su origen puede estar en el De divinatione de Cicerón, cuya obra Spinoza conocería en profundidad, aunque también se encuenta en las Disputationes metaphysicae de Suárez, principal representante de la escolástica de la época. En el presente trabajo se exponen las razones que hablarían en favor de una y otra hipótesis. Del mismo modo, se examinan los intermediarios que ha podido haber entre los autores citados y Spinoza, en particular el Thesaurus Ciceronianus de Mario Nizolius, libro que parece explicar la presencia de numerosas obras ciceronianas en Spinoza, y los Meletemata philosophica de Adriaan Heereboord.

João Pedro Carvalho

Este ensaio analisa a interpretação do mito prometeico na obra de Almada Negreiros. A sua desconstrução de Prometeu é comparada às versões de Ésquilo e de Percy Bysshe Shelley, contextualizando-a como atualização do mito ao século XX, utilizando a narrativa mítica como exemplo do papel (prometeico) do Artista na sociedade, conforme a formulação de Almada Negreiros.

Robert Witcher

This is a review of In the Footsteps of the Etruscans: Changing Landscapes around Tuscania from Prehistory to Modernity by Graeme Barker and Tom Rasmussen, published in 2023 by Cambridge University Press.

Dr Tasos Michailidis

The paper delves into the interplay between the history of books, the evolution of libraries, and reading habits in the Greco-Roman world. It examines how literary production and reading practices were influenced by social and cultural conditions, shaping the relationship between readers and literature. By exploring book production, library institutions, and reading attitudes of that era, it becomes apparent how reading literature not only requires but also enhances linguistic, social, and cognitive skills, thus impacting overall quality of life. This historical perspective underscores the educational role of libraries as hubs for reading, fostering culture, and emphasizing the communal aspect of reading. It suggests that the notion of reading groups as interpretive communities, as we understand them today, has deep historical roots, catering to individuals' mental needs and serving societal functions within each collective.

Elisabetta Pitotto

Questo articolo analizza le varianti mitologiche relative alla saga atride compresenti nell’Odissea. Le versioni con cui sono presentati il ritorno e l’assassinio di Agamennone (Od. XI 385-464 e XXIV 191-202) servono a dipingere il suo destino in senso contrario al felice νόστος di Odisseo. La caratterizzazione riservata al personaggio di Oreste e il modo con cui è delineata la sua vendetta (Od. I 28-43 e III 192-316), sfrondata dai tratti tradizionali e riproposta in senso più politico, sembrano invece da porre in relazione con le esigenze dei Pisistratidi, verosimili committenti della registrazione scritta del poema.

Victor Bernardo Chabu

Neste artigo, apresentamos o Diálogo dos Oradores, de Tácito, bem como a fortuna crítica da obra e o equipamento conceitual por ela mobilizado. Sua interpretação beneficia-se enormemente de uma abordagem que leve em conta aspectos sociológicos e psicológicos do contexto em que o Diálogo foi publicado, o qual explicamos, e passamos em revista alguns dos trabalhos de recepção crítica mais recentes. Por fim, introduziremos a noção de fatiche, devida a Latour, e ilustraremos como ela se adequa às possibilidades interpretativas do Diálogo.

Tommazo Ghezzani

In Della Magia d’Amore (1591) the poet Guido Casoni showed a deep philosophical awareness, although the treatise has been mostly read as a mere divertissement. Indeed, in those years, Casoni attended to the refoundation of the Accademia Veneziana, which presented the heterodox aim to reorganize the system of knowledge through mnemotechnical strategies. The aim of this work is to focus on the mnemotechnical tools in Della Magia d’Amore to restore its philosophical design, in coherence with the cultural aim of the Academy. The memory and practical application of love theories are reinterpreted according to a particular declination of Neoplatonic anamnesis.

Vinícius Medeiros dos Santos, Cláudio Aquati

Neste artigo, apresentamos uma reflexão acerca da tipologia da violência expressa em O asno de ouro, de Apuleio. Damos especial relevo aos meios por meio dos quais esse fenômeno se organiza, a saber, distribuindo-se, por um lado, em torno da história principal e das histórias intercaladas, e, por outro, distribuindo-se pelos níveis estrutural, temático e fenotípico. Com esse intuito, buscamos apontar como tipos análogos de ações violentas individuais podem encerrar, por vezes, leituras interpretativas com significados distintos.

Xing Lu

Enrica Culasso Gastaldi, Cristoph Samitz

Una stele frammentaria, la cui presenza è ricordata a Καστελλόριζο (antica Megiste) nel 1907, fu trasferita insieme ad altre iscrizioni a Mytilene (Lesbos) e di qui a Lemnos, dove è tuttora conservata presso il Museo Archeologico di Myrina. Il testo, che era noto solo da una approssimativa edizione del 1917, è qui pubblicato per la prima volta secondo i moderni canoni scientifici. Esso conserva un decreto onorario di età ellenistica per un benefattore locale del ginnasio. Il presente contributo intende inoltre ricostruire le vicende erranti della pietra e stabilire la sua provenienza originaria. Identifica in particolare la comunità committente con la polis di Antiphellos (Lycia), che accoglie una precedente iniziativa onoraria deliberata da un raggruppamento interno del locale ginnasio. Sottolinea inoltre la volontà della città di confermare gli onori e di assicurare la loro attuazione nel tempo attraverso il riferimento a specifici garanti. Propone infine di riconoscere nell’anonimo onorato un benefattore che potrebbe aver costituito una fondazione per i neoi o per altro gruppo ginnasiale.   A fragmentary stele, which was recorded at Καστελλόριζο (ancient Megiste) in 1907, was transferred along with other inscriptions to Mytilene (Lesbos) and from there to Lemnos, where it is still preserved at the Archaeological Museum of Myrina. The text, which was so far only known from an unsatisfying edition of 1917, is for the first time published according to modern standards. It contains a Hellenistic honorary decree for a local benefactor of the gymnasium. The present paper further intends to reconstruct the wanderings of the stone and establish its original provenance. It identifies in particular the committing community with the polis of Antiphellos (Lycia), which ratifies a previous honorary initiative deliberated by an inner group of the local gymnasium. It also underlines the city’s commitment to confirm the honors and to ensure their implementation in the future by referring to specific guarantees. Finally, it proposes to recognize in the anonymous honorand a benefactor who could have constituted a foundation for the neoi or for another gymnasium group.

P. Smit, S. Al-Suadi

Meals have long been a topic of key interest in the field of early Christian studies, including the field of New Testament studies. The reasons for this can be found both in early Christian writings themselves, as they are quite preoccupied with meals and the dynamics proper to them, such as inclusion and exclusion and the structuring of a community, and in the role that meals have played and continue to play in the history of Christianity: Christianity is a meal-centered religion, given that the Eucharist (under whichever name) is a central act of worship in all large traditions (even if it is celebrated infrequently, this is often due to awe for the celebration rather than to disinterest in this meal) .

A. Duncan

Sergej Mihajlovich Zhestokanov

In the study of any historical period, chronology of events plays a great role. The Chronicle of Eusebius of Caesarea is very important for the study of the history of the Ancient World. The work of Eusebius represents the first work in the Greco-Roman written tradition, summarizing the data of ancient chronography, and combining them with the data of the eastern, especially biblical, chronography. The Chronicle is divided into two parts, the first of which gives a brief survey of the history of a number of ancient peoples and the lists of kings with an indication of the duration of their reign, and the second part presents synchronous tables of the main events from the birth of the biblical patriarch Abraham until the twentieth year of the reign of Emperor Constantine. The original version of the work was not preserved, and two versions of it survived to our time. The first is a translation into Latin made by Jerome the Blessed at the end of the 4th century, and the second is a translation into Old Armenian made in the 6th century. In this paper, the author proposes his translation of the part of the Jerome’s version of the Chronicle, which contains information on events of Biblical history from the birth of Abraham to the Babylonian captivity of the Jews. The translation is made by: Eusebius Werke Bd.7. Tl. 1. Die Chronik des Hieronymus: Hieronymi Chronicon / Hrsgb. von R. Helm. Leipzig, 1913.

Fernando Rodrigues Jr.

Este artigo se propõe a discutir a ἔκφρασις do manto de Jasão, presente no livro 1 das Argonáuticas de Apolônio de Rodes, a partir do diálogo estabelecido com seu principal modelo no âmbito da poesia épica: o escudo de Aquiles, descrito no livro 18 da Ilíada. A descrição do manto de Jasão nas Argonáuticas está inserida no episódio da ilha de Lemno (Arg. 1.609-909), a primeira ἀριστεία dos argonautas durante a navegação em direção à Cólquida. O manto é composto por sete cenas mitológicas que aludem a diferentes temas abordados ao longo dos quatro cantos das Argonáuticas. Há, portanto, uma finalidade programática presente na descrição desse artefato, de modo a funcionar como um sumário de temas explorados pelo poeta na composição de um epos que destoa de seu modelo homérico. Em anexo, é apresentada a tradução integral da ἔκφρασις do manto (Arg. 1.721-87).

R. Ferri

Emmanuelle Valette

Many video games are using Antiquity in their scenario. One of them has been fascinating gamers and online players for almost 25 years: Civilization. Its principle? To choose one of 18 « civilizations » and lead it from « Stone Age » to contemporary era while confronting other civilizations. Each step of this « evolution » allows the player to acquire new possibilities and to progress until the final victory.Very sophisticated in terms of technology, this video game is a sort of cultural odds and ends: free of any historical verisimilitude (Caesar can face Napoleon), Civilization draws on uninhibited evolutionism and ethnocentrism. It displays a triumphant imperialism and brings to a climax the theory (and ideology) of « the clash of civilizations », since winning supposes to fight and annihilate the other. Yet, this game allows the construction and transmission of stereotypes regarding not only the definition of civilization in the occidental contemporary thought, but also the characteristics and the supposed contribution of each civilization (or people) to the world’s history and in particular the special role devoted to Greek and Roman Antiquity in that « great tale » of the « Human History ».Considering that game as an historical object and as an important vector of cultural representations, we propose to ask a few questions: which specific elements are chosen and put forward to make the Ancient Rome and Greece two “civilizations”? What are the special advantages that help them outperform their competitors (the other civilizations)? In that respect, we analyze the use and functioning of topical items such as the « City States », « Golden Age » or the « Marvels ». This survey also explores the way Latin and Greek words are used and diverted in order to form a specific videogames’ idiom, a shared language that creates a fictional universe.

A. Glazebrook

G. V. Kooten, P. Barthel

Ghislaine Jay-Robert

Christian Werner, Luiz Guilherme Couto Pereira

Apresenta-se brevemente, focando-se a constituição da tradição biográfica em torno de Homero no período arcaico, e traduz-se para o português a Vida herodoteana de Homero.