Oskar Szczygieł, Dominika Zwęglińska-Gałecka , Sławomir Kalinowski
Research explores the concept of environmental capital among the residents of the Masovia region, analysing their attitudes and behaviours towards the environment. Environmental capital, defined as collective and individual choices that enhance environmental sustainability, is examined across three dimensions: individual, collective, and socio-political. Utilising data from a 2023 study involving 2000 residents, the investigation assesses the coherence of environmental capital and identifies factors influencing pro-environmental attitudes. Key findings indicate high levels of environmental awareness and positive attitudes towards ecological actions, with significant variations based on age, material conditions, and energy needs. Older residents and those in favourable material circumstances tend to exhibit greater environmental capital. The study highlights the complexity of environmental capital and its importance in sustainable socio-economic development. Recommendations include the development of targeted educational strategies and interdisciplinary approaches to enhance environmental capital and address social justice issues, thereby promoting a balanced and sustainable future.
The significance of our research is connected with the many regulations in the European Union concerning ESG issues. These documents are very often related to environmental aspects and concern banks as public trust entities. We focus on banks on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE), which constitute the main part of the Polish banking sector. We examine the relationship between financial efficiency and environmental responsibility in the banking sector. We identified three objectives for our research: first: to assess financial efficiency in the banks under study, second: to assess eco-management in banks listed on the WSE, third: to investigate whether there is a relationship between environmental responsibility as an ESG element of banks and their financial efficiency. The above objectives correspond with the research hypothesis adopted: Among the banks analysed, there is a correlation between a bank's financial performance and the Bank Ecologisation Index (BEI-2). This study refers to the period 2019-2021 to show the influence of the Covid-19 pandemic. We adopt various research methods to measure the environmental responsibility of banks and to examine the relationship between ecological engagement and banks’ financial ratios. In our research, we use descriptive statistics, linear ordering methods, standardised sum methods, synthetic measures of development, box plots, and analysis of the financial and non-financial reports of the entities analysed. The paper consists of five parts: introduction, literature review and research goals, materials and methods, results and discussion, and conclusions. Our results show that among the banks analysed, there is no statistically significant correlation between financial results and the Bank Ecologisation Index (BEI-2). This may be due to the fact that, as a result of the economic instability caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, banks in Poland have slowed down their growth potential and investments in greening have shifted to the longer-term perspective.
La historia del trabajo de carga y descarga en el Puerto de Tarragona nos ofrece una buena oportunidad para entender mejor los impactos de los cambios institucionales y tecnológicos en la construcción de un mercado laboral capitalista. Empieza a mediados del dieciocho con la historia del Gremio de Mareantes de Tarragona, el cual se reconstituyó en 1873 bajo el nombre de Sociedad Marítima y Protectora, pero sin alterar sus operaciones sustancialmente hasta finales del diecinueve, cuando se convirtió en una sociedad de socorros mutuos. Seguimos la trayectoria con la transformación del mercado laboral y las luchas sindicales hasta la Guerra Civil.
Klaudia Przybysz, Elżbieta Roszko-Wójtowicz, Agnieszka Stanimir
The article addresses two global challenges in the realm of tourism participation: sustainable development and an ageing society. Our research aimed to determine whether European seniors engage in tourism and whether the factors influencing tourist destinations are related to sustainable tourism. To achieve this, we utilized correspondence analysis with representative Eurobarometer data. Our findings confirm that seniors actively participate in tourism. The majority of seniors in the European Union frequently express their heightened concern for health and safety measures when travelling in the post-COVID-19 era.
Moreover, the analysis identified the countries where seniors actively pursue sustainable development goals during their tourism activities. Future research should focus on understanding the decision-making processes of seniors when choosing tourist destinations and accessing tourism offers. These results provide a foundation for designing tourism offerings that cater to the current and future needs of seniors.
Los jabeques se habían elegido cómo la principal opción para sustituir a las galeras en la defensa del Mediterráneo en la segunda mitad del S.XVIII, sobre todo en la lucha contra el corso musulmán. Este artículo pretende, a través de la documentación original de uno de los jabeques elegidos para tal tarea, el Atrevido, poder establecer pautas aplicables al resto de embarcaciones de las mismas características, compararlo con el buque anteriormente dedicado a las mismas funciones, la galera, y comprender el funcionamiento de los jabeques tanto a nivel humano, como su papel en la Armada de este periodo.
Konrad Turkowski, Krzysztof Kupren, Waldemar Kozłowski
The state, development directions, opportunities and ways to improve inland fisheries management in Poland are described and discussed. Most of the country's inland waters are public. For fishing purposes, they are divided into fisheries districts. With exceptions, users of the fishing districts are selected through competitions. The user is obliged to conduct rational fisheries management in accordance with a fisheries management plan. Attention is drawn to the overdeveloped national fisheries administration and the possibilities for improvement. The fish stocks in the fishing districts are exploited by both a small group of commercial fishermen and a large group of anglers. While the information covering the basic data on harvest, stocking and other treatments in commercial fisheries can be considered sufficient, the lack of information about the number and catches of anglers is the greatest obstacle to the implementation of rational fisheries management. The preparation of a universal and mandatory system for acquiring angling data should be a priority for the national water administration, representing the owner of public inland waters in Poland.
That sustainability is an essential competitive advantage is a common dictum in politics and some areas of academic research. The past few decades have made more and more dispersed ‘hard’ and soft data available, indicating not only more details on the economic performance of countries, but also on their sustainability performance. This study aims to examine whether there is a relationship between sustainability performance and national competitiveness by analysing economic, environmental, and social indicators from four data sources, including economic and sustainability data from G-20 countries for the period 2010 to 2019, representing 73% of the global GDP in 2020. The research design is based on several stepwise regression analyses to explore the pooled data set. The data analysis concludes that the effects of sustainability on competitiveness are hardly confirmed or rejected, contrary to classic economic predictors.
The remote study was one of the many restrictions implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. It resulted in a deconsumption of university commuting which, together with telecommuting, could be considered as a means to implement a sustainable mobility policy. Within this context, this paper investigates student's perceptions of the advantages and disadvantages of daily travel before online learning started with a focus on the resultant satisfaction from the use of given means of transport. In this context, we examined the potential for developing more sustainable mobility and possibilities for further deconsumption of transport processes. This was based on the results of a preliminary survey the author conducted online among students of two public universities in Poland. The results obtained, revealed that the respondents associated commuting to university with more advantages than disadvantages. However, these perceptions differed dependent on the most frequently used transport mode. Car users hardly benefited from commuting compared to other transport users and were the group least likely to resign from individual motorisation. Pedestrians and cyclists perceived the most benefits and were most satisfied. In general, students expected to continue commuting using the transport modes they used prior to the pandemic. Nevertheless, when students were asked about their “dream transport mode” which enabled the possibility for deconsumption of commuting by way of cheap and commonly available teleportation, the private car turned out to be a better option than teleportation among students commuting either by car or by urban public transport. In such a hypothetical situation, only car users and active commuters were not prepared to change their transport behaviour.
L’estudi del model naval del segle XV conegut com la Coca de Mataró prova de donar resposta a tot un conjunt de qüestions que avui en dia encara estan sense resoldre. Gairebé tot el que l’envolta és un gran misteri. Per aquest motiu hem intentat esbrinar com va entrar al mercat d’antiguitats al principi del segle XX i per part de qui, així com el lloc d’origen (Mataró?), el nom o tipus naval concret (una coca?), la vida funcional (exvot?), les modificacions, mutilacions o falsificacions que ha patit (de tres arbres a un de sol) i la cronologia (mitjan segle XV?).
The study involves the issues of promotional activities undertaken in terms of supporting a tourism product of environmentally valuable areas. It includes the theoretical aspects of promoting a tourism product and the structure of a tourism product of environmentally valuable areas. There is also a discussion on typical forms of tourism movement in environmentally valuable areas. The most significant part of the work includes issues concerning the promotion of a tourism product of an environmentally valuable area and an indication of their limits. The objective of the study is to consider dilemmas pertaining to promotional activities undertaken to give marketing support to a tourism product of an environmentally valuable area, especially in terms of its range and intensity.
This article presents the results of analysis of an urban-rural water supply system. The level of water losses and failure frequency of the water supply system were evaluated. Tests and analyses of the level of water losses were conducted for the years 2010-2016. Tests and analyses of failure frequency were conducted for the years 2013-2016. The guidelines of the International Water Association were applied in calculations. Analyses showed an influence of season on the failure frequency of the urban-rural water supply system. An influence of the number of failures on the volume of water lost in a single failure was also observed. Obtained results were compared with data from domestic literature and the guidelines of standard PN-EN 60300-3-4:2008.
For a long time ago, Indonesia was identified as maritime country. The collective memory remembered from several islands in Indonesia shows that Indonesia is a large maritime space. The original name of the country was Nusantara, (called archipelago in English). From historical data in some location, there are some evidences about the glorious of the maritime kingdom in the continent. However, maritime perspective is not to be ‘important issue” in the mind of Indonesian people nowadays. History education makes an important rule at the moment. Indonesian independence needs history education based on political perspective, especially to enhance nationalism. The orientation is continued until the New Order, and it is especially focused on the rule of Indonesia military. Reformation since 1998 should make democratization in Indonesian history teaching, but the reality, the tradition of writer in history education, was still stagnant. The content of maritime history in Indonesian History Education still become a big problem. This paper aims to analyze the development of the maritime content in Indonesian History education at school and to give the new alternative in teaching history based on maritime content. The alternative curriculum based on local competitiveness in maritime history related with regional and global region, is the best solution for it.