Hasil untuk "Drawing. Design. Illustration"

Weston Baxter, Peter Mandeno, Robert Aunger et al.

This paper introduces Setting-Driven Design (SDD) and supporting tool – the Behaviour Setting Canvas (BSC) – which together address a critical gap in behavioural design by shifting the focus from individual behaviour to the broader context in which behaviour occurs. Rooted in behaviour setting theory, SDD is a powerful approach to behavioural design that offers an end-to-end structure for understanding and intervening in a behavioural design challenge. The process comprises three iterative phases: scoping the behavioural challenge, understanding the setting and intervention development. The process structure revolves around the BSC, a tool for mapping key contextual elements such as roles, motives, norms and routines. While SDD is particularly effective for behaviour change interventions, its utility extends to other design challenges, including introducing new products, shifting social norms and enhancing existing systems where behaviour remains constant. The approach integrates a theory of change to guide intervention development, prototyping and evaluation, ensuring alignment with behavioural objectives and contextual realities. A case study on handwashing in low-income Tanzanian households illustrates the method’s utility, culminating in the creation of Tab Soap, a single-use, biodegradable soap designed to improve hygiene behaviours. The study demonstrates how SDD facilitates insight generation and iterative refinement and complements user-centred design. SDD advances behavioural design by combining theoretical rigour with practical application, offering a scalable and adaptable framework for addressing complex design challenges across diverse fields.

Marjorie Salma Sungdinata, Carina Tjandradipura

Pencahayaan buatan berperan penting dalam mendesain suatu ruang, salah satunya dalam mendesain ruang kafe. Pencahayaan buatan tidak hanya sekadar menjadi penunjang aktivitas pengguna tetapi juga menjadi pembentuk suasana ruang kafe yang berhubungan erat dengan kenyamanan pengunjung. Pencahayaan buatan juga berperan untuk memberikan keunikan pada sebuah kafe, salah satunya adalah kafe TWG Tea at Plaza Senayan yang merupakan sebuah <em>franchise</em> dari Singapura. Pencahayaan buatan di TWG Tea at Plaza Senayan memiliki beberapa masalah seperti pencahayaan yang menyilaukan mata serta terang lampu yang yang kurang merata pada area <em>display</em>. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengkaji penerapan pencahayaan buatan di TWG Tea at Plaza Senayan terhadap pembentukan suasana toko dan kenyamanan pengunjung. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi dan kuesioner yang dilengkapi dengan studi literatur terkait pencahayaan buatan. Penelitian ini membagi TWG Tea at Plaza menjadi 3 (tiga) area, yaitu area makan, area <em>display</em>, dan area <em>bar</em>. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pencahayaan buatan di ketiga area TWG Tea at Plaza Senayan tidak memenuhi (melebihi) standar kuat pencahayaan menurut SNI (Standar Nasional Indonesia) tetapi tetap dapat memenuhi kebutuhan aktivitas pengunjung. Walaupun melebihi standar, TWG Tea at Plaza Senayan memperhatikan aspek pencahayaan buatan lainnya dengan baik sehingga pengunjung tetap merasakan kenyamanan dari suasana ruang yang terbentuk.<strong></strong>

Matthieu Letourneux

Buying a comic book magazine means engaging in a relationship not with a work, but with a periodical. Reading a comic book magazine appears above all as a press experience that predetermines the understanding of the works. It is based on an editorial reading pact that brings together the heterogeneity of the signatures under a common identity. The intrinsic characteristics of the magazines reflect a specific aesthetic relationship that obeys the specific dynamics of the medium (periodicity, editorial reading pact, polyphony, principle of variety, etc.). Therefore, it would be wrong to think of the magazine first as an antechamber to the album—or even as an offering of a series of juxtaposed or agglomerated works that could be examined alone—without seeing that it establishes the conditions for a specific aesthetic relationship, which should be considered in a global manner. It is the overall relationship to the object, through the editorial reading pact, the recurring sections, the overall organization of the periodical, the fragmentary reading induced by the mosaic of texts and images, the hierarchies it produces, and the possibilities of contextual appropriation it allows, which define the atmosphere of the magazine, and which we propose to examine in this article.

Daria D. Arutcheva

The change in the person’s appearance in works of fine art has been accompanied by the historical evolution of a fashion drawing, its approaches and graphic techniques. This article reveals the interaction of the designer’s sketch with the embodiment of the finished costume at various points in the history of the costume. A fashion drawing is seen as a major graphic skill for a designer or a costume designer. The emergemce of illustration and magazine graphics in fashion is traced, as well as the evolution of fashion graphics in world culture. The creativity of the most outstanding fashion designers and graphic artists who have formed graphic trends in fashion illustration is analyzed.

Karen Anne Cochrane, Maxim-Emanuelle Dubois, Audrey Girouard

In Human-Computer Interaction, body maps are a standard tool to understand an individual's bodily phenomenon. Body maps often use abstract drawings and text annotations on an outline of a body. However, little research has explored alternate ways we can collect similar data. In this pictorial, we present tactile body maps, which use an array of textured fabric circles attached to a felt-shaped body instead of a more traditional approach to drawing body maps. We first present an illustration of how researchers can use tactile body maps and show an example of the type of data collected in the method. We then tested the augmented body map method alongside drawing body maps and verbal-only body descriptions with eight participants to explore the benefits and disadvantages of each technique. Through the data, we present a set of considerations that a researcher can use to decide which way would be most appropriate for their soma design process.

Milytia Christabella Tumengkol, T. Mantoro

The interior design industry is experiencing a significant digital transformation due to increasingly advanced technology. The interior design process has stages as requirements for the design, starting with making sketches or drawings in real-time which is the first step in designing a building as an illustration and benchmark for the design that will be designed. Unfortunately, interior designers mostly use the conventional method of drawing manually, which takes quite a long time and requires a lot of preparation, both in drawing initial plans, measuring building areas, and creating 3D designs. Apart from that, it requires quite a lot of tools and materials. Therefore, this research will use AI technology in designing innovative business strategies in the field of interior design in real-time, such as identifying rooms using sensors to measure and making initial plans, this will be very useful for interior designers as a starting point in designing because it does not require lots of time and materials. This research was created to help interior designers utilize technology, especially AI, in their work and in short working hours.

José Daniel Santibáñez Vásquez

En esta sección de la revista Ñawi podemos encontrar trabajos de investigación que abordan los principios fundamentales del diseño y la gestión de marcas. Se reflexiona sobre la utilización de los múltiples elementos visuales que intervienen a la hora de construir mensajes capaces de transmitir valores y emociones. También se examina la manera en que se comunica una identidad de marca a través de diferentes canales. Y asimismo se explora el mundo del branding experiencial, pues las marcas buscan generar experiencias memorables y significativas para sus potenciales públicos. En esta ocasión, tendremos la oportunidad de leer dos interesantes artículos. En uno de ellos, se propone un análisis de las representaciones visuales de una marca de cerveza mexicana, pues en la evolución de dichas representaciones aparecen reflejadas diversas modulaciones de la identidad de lo mexicano. Con ello, puede constatarse que en los componentes visuales de una determinada marca comercial aparecen plasmados, en ocasiones, importantes rasgos de identidad cultural. En el otro trabajo, comprobaremos que el proceso de creación de una marca también puede ponerse al servicio de proyectos que tienen un enfoque más social y un arraigo en lo local.

Paul Jungeblut

In a Lombardi drawing of a graph the vertices are drawn as points and the edges are drawn as circular arcs connecting their respective endpoints. Additionally, all vertices have perfect angular resolution, i.e., all angles incident to a vertex $v$ have size $2π/\mathrm{deg}(v)$. We prove that it is $\exists\mathbb{R}$-complete to determine whether a given graph admits a Lombardi drawing respecting a fixed cyclic ordering of the incident edges around each vertex. In particular, this implies NP-hardness. While most previous work studied the (non-)existence of Lombardi drawings for different graph classes, our result is the first on the computational complexity of finding Lombardi drawings of general graphs.

Petr Hliněný, Tomáš Masařík

In this paper, we introduce the following new concept in graph drawing. Our task is to find a small collection of drawings such that they all together satisfy some property that is useful for graph visualization. We propose investigating a property where each edge is not crossed in at least one drawing in the collection. We call such collection uncrossed. This property is motivated by a quintessential problem of the crossing number, where one asks for a drawing where the number of edge crossings is minimum. Indeed, if we are allowed to visualize only one drawing, then the one which minimizes the number of crossings is probably the neatest for the first orientation. However, a collection of drawings where each highlights a different aspect of a graph without any crossings could shed even more light on the graph's structure. We propose two definitions. First, the uncrossed number, minimizes the number of graph drawings in a collection, satisfying the uncrossed property. Second, the uncrossed crossing number, minimizes the total number of crossings in the collection that satisfy the uncrossed property. For both definitions, we establish initial results. We prove that the uncrossed crossing number is NP-hard, but there is an FPT algorithm parameterized by the solution size.

Ilham Arifin Pahlawan, Alviani Hesthi Permata Ningtyas, I. Evendi

In today's digitalization era, the sensitivity of using design and illustration software is a demand in improving the competencies possessed by students at the high school level. This ability will support students' interests and talents by adjusting the Project Based Learning Program owned by SMAM 1 Gresik, namely the L800 Motorcycle Modification Automotive Project. By introducing and training students using the design and illustration software used, namely Autodesk Inventor: Student Version, This training activity aims to (1) Students are able to use the Autodesk Inventor Application in 2D and 3D schemes, (2) Students are able to gain an understanding of motor engineering components and motor engineering drawings, (3) help teach teachers who teach subjects in the field of applied science. The methods used in this community service are teaching, demonstration and practice methods. The result of this community service is to improve the ability of the participants in terms of designing and modifying the practice of observing L800 motorcycle components and students more easily understand the shape of an Engineering component through Technical Drawings effectively and efficiently due to virtual 3D modeling in the Autodesk Inventor application.

Chiara Masiero Sgrinzatto

The paper introduces a hand-drawn 360º illustration designed for commercial purposes in the framework of the project titled Venice Original. It focuses on different aspects of the creation of the artwork: the commissioning, the drawing technique, the connection to the e-commerce platform, and the several modalities of interaction. Subsequently, it gives an overview of the reception of the 360º interactive illustration on the e-commerce platform by different audiences, thanks to web statistics and user comments on the social networks. Finally, it presents the installation shown at the “Contingency” exhibition in the framework of the congress ARTECH 2021 in Aveiro, Portugal. The physical modality of the installation consisted of the original equirectangular drawing and physical paper spheres; the virtual one offered a VR tour of the illustrated space. The opinions gathered from conference attendants shed new light on the artwork, suggesting possible improvements and further developments.

Fiona Bell, Ella McQuaid, Mirela Alistar

In this article, we introduce Alganyl, a biotextile created through the embodied knowledge of cooking. Based on existing Do-It-Yourself (DIY) recipes for bioplastics, Alganyl is made from renewable resources, feels like vinyl, and can be re-used before ultimately being composted. We outline three guiding principles for designing with Alganyl: materiality, accessibility, and sustainability. Our replicable process involves cooking Alganyl in the designer’s kitchen, followed by cutting and heat-sealing to create clothing. We apply these guiding design principles and processes to make three articles of Alganyl clothing including a dress, a shirt, and a skirt. Lastly, we address the life cycle of Alganyl, paying particular attention to the clothing’s end of life, which we approach through re-cooking and biodegradation (60 days to degrade 97%). Through our experiences with Alganyl, we believe that it has the potential to bring a future where clothing is an autonomous form of self-expression that has minimal impact on the environment.

Yasuyuki Hayama, Francesco Zurlo

The world today is facing the urgent need for fundamental transformation in the ‘Anthropocene’ era. However, even if consensus has been formed around the need for transformation, what constitutes fundamental changes and how these changes occur are researched and debated across multiple disciplines, including design studies. Recently, in the design field, transition design has been proposed as a new area of design practice, study and research. Transition design is based on long-term visioning and recognition of the need for solutions rooted in new, more sustainable socioeconomic and political paradigms. This study explores the role of design storytelling in steering and navigating a societal transformation. Using a critical single case study method, this study analyses the fundamental elements of transformation that emerge from each component of design storytelling. A mineral water company in Finland was selected as the purposive single case. It is a specific type of private organization that intends to bring about a societal transition through optimum use of design storytelling. The findings illustrate that the components of design storytelling, which use societal change as their innovative business proposal, distinctively match the components of societal transformation. Design practices that leverage visual and verbal elements edit and weave a new relationship between the sociotechnical landscape, regime and innovation proposed by the company. We believe that this paper makes two main contributions. First, the authors emphasize the potential role of design as a deliberate change process for societal transformation. Second, through the cross lens of societal transformation and design storytelling, the storytelling and narrative approach of societal transformation by design is underlined.

Oswin Aichholzer, Alfredo García, Irene Parada et al.

Simple drawings are drawings of graphs in which two edges have at most one common point (either a common endpoint, or a proper crossing). It has been an open question whether every simple drawing of a complete bipartite graph $K_{m,n}$ contains a plane spanning tree as a subdrawing. We answer this question to the positive by showing that for every simple drawing of $K_{m,n}$ and for every vertex $v$ in that drawing, the drawing contains a shooting star rooted at $v$, that is, a plane spanning tree containing all edges incident to $v$.

Amyra Meidiana, Seok-Hee Hong, Peter Eades

Shape-based metrics measure how faithfully a drawing D represents the structure of a graph G, using the proximity graph S of D. While some limited graph classes admit proximity drawings (i.e., optimally shape-faithful drawings, where S = G), algorithms for shape-faithful drawings of general graphs have not been investigated. In this paper, we present the first study for shape-faithful drawings of general graphs. First, we conduct extensive comparison experiments for popular graph layouts using the shape-based metrics, and examine the properties of highly shape-faithful drawings. Then, we present ShFR and ShSM, algorithms for shape-faithful drawings based on force-directed and stress-based algorithms, by introducing new proximity forces/stress. Experiments show that ShFR and ShSM obtain significant improvement over FR (Fruchterman-Reingold) and SM (Stress Majorization), on average 12% and 35% respectively, on shape-based metrics.

Rosario Velasco Aranda, Joan Sanz Sánchez

El presente artículo aborda el fenómeno de la ornamentación a través de los discursos creados a su alrededor. Para ello se analizan las funciones de la ornamentación en espacios construidos, el cuerpo humano y los objetos utilitarios. A través de un recorrido histórico se exploran las tensiones entre arte y artes aplicadas con el propósito de identificar las causas de su distanciamiento en las pasadas décadas y detectar los puntos de encuentro entre ambas disciplinas. Se pretende así reflexionar sobre la práctica del diseño contemporáneo y su posición entre estas fricciones, meditando sobre su papel en el circuito económico-productivo.

Massimo Mariani

  My memories of Mario Ridolfi are infinite in number, all of them as clear, even in the smallest details, as those we preserve of our loved ones, of our teachers. I can see him drawing Casa Lina and the Love knot in front of me; I always sat at the first table directly facing his desk. He drew with a fine-pointed Pelikan fountain pen on ‘carta burro,’ a translucent tracing paper of minimal thickness used for architectural drawings, that allows you to superimpose successive ideas and correct them. In his brown leather bag, Ridolfi kept his small bottle of black ink and a roll of this paper. I never saw him throw away any of the sheets of paper he had drawn on, not even the ones he rejected immediately because he was not satisfied with the solution. And I was there, in front of him, learning to draw perspective views and observing him... [read more]

Galyna Agieieva, Mariia Chernisheva, Kateryna Korobko

У роботі досліджується вплив фізкультурно-спортивних зон (ФСЗ) закладів вищої освіти на середовище тотальної урбанізації та можливість створення на їх основі своєрідних кластерів позитивних змін соціальної структури мегаполіса. Мета роботи — визначити основні містобудівні, архітектурно планувальні рішення ФСЗ території Національного авіаційного університету (НАУ), дослідити її роль у формуванні однієї з головних складових концепції сталого розвитку — соціального клімату району розташування; запропонувати додаткові заходи щодо посилення роли ФЗС НАУ у покращенні соціального клімату району розташування. Завдання дослідження. Для досягнення мети вирішуються такі завдання: здійснити пошук та аналіз архівних матеріалів, проєктної та експлуатаційної документації; провести аналіз містобудівної ситуації, що склалася впродовж останніх десятирічь; провести аналіз технічного стану об’єктів ФСЗ та оцінити можливість надання їм додаткових функцій. Методи дослідження — вивчення картографічних, фотографічних та проектних матеріалів; опрацювання відомостей з історії будівництва та експлуатації об’єкта дослідження; узагальнення особистого досвіду користування послугами об’єкта дослідження та волонтерської праці під час проведення масових заходів соціального спрямування; порівняльний та критичний аналіз, системний підхід до вивчення об’єкту як комплексу та виявлення його властивостей та зв’язків із зовнішнім середовищем. Результати. Проаналізовані дані, які характеризують об’єкт дослідження як складову території університету, та його роль у містобудівної ситуації та соціальному середовищі. Виявлені та оцінені зміни у структурі та навантаженні зони обслуговування ФСЗ, пов’язані із ущільненням забудови, розташованої поруч з університетом. Оцінений вплив відкритих територій ФСЗ та озеленених просторів НАУ на формування сприятливих мікрокліматичних умов та покращення екологічного стану довкілля. Оцінений технічний стан об’єктів ФСЗ. Запропоновані варіанти переоснащення глядацьких місць (трибун) стадіону. Виявлені можливості посилення соціальної функції ФСЗ, надання соціально спрямованих послуг нерегулярного споживання, тощо. Наукова новизна. На основі системного підходу до вивчення містобудівної ситуації, соціального середовища запропоновано створити своєрідні кластери позитивних змін соціальної структури Києва, зокрема, Солом’янського району. Для цього слід відновити експлуатаційну придатність будівель та споруд ФЗС НАУ, об’єднати їх функціонально з будівництвом нових та реконструкцією існуючих культурно — видовищних та дозвіллєвих закладів, розташованих поруч та побудованих у 1970-1980-і роки. Практична значущість. Отримані результати можуть бути використані при проведенні подальших досліджень особливостей формування та реорганізації ФЗС ЗВО; містобудівних та соціальних змін зон їх впливу; пошуку нових форм посилення соціальних функцій ФСЗ та надання соціально спрямованих послуг нерегулярного споживання. Створення кластерів позитивних змін соціального середовища, до складу яких можуть входити ФСЗ закладів вищої освіти, потребує подальшого та більш глибокого вивчення у межах містобудівної тематики наукових досліджень НАУ.

Boris Klemz, Kristin Knorr, Meghana M. Reddy et al.

A drawing of a graph is fan-planar if the edges intersecting a common edge $a$ share a vertex $A$ on the same side of $a$. More precisely, orienting $e$ arbitrarily and the other edges towards $A$ results in a consistent orientation of the crossings. So far, fan-planar drawings have only been considered in the context of simple drawings, where any two edges share at most one point, including endpoints. We show that every non-simple fan-planar drawing can be redrawn as a simple fan-planar drawing of the same graph while not introducing additional crossings. Combined with previous results on fan-planar drawings, this yields that $n$-vertex-graphs having such a drawing can have at most $6.5n$ edges and that the recognition of such graphs is NP-hard. We thereby answer an open problem posed by Kaufmann and Ueckerdt in 2014.

N. Shaballout, Till-Ansgar Neubert, S. Boudreau et al.

Background In a pain drawing (PD), the patient shades or marks painful areas on an illustration of the human body. This simple yet powerful tool captures essential aspects of the subjective pain experience, such as localization, intensity, and distribution of pain, and enables the extraction of meaningful information, such as pain area, widespreadness, and segmental pattern. Starting as a simple pen-on-paper tool, PDs are now sophisticated digital health applications paving the way for many new and exciting basic translational and clinical applications. Objective Grasping the full potential of digital PDs and laying the groundwork for future medical PD apps requires an understanding of the methodological developments that have shaped our current understanding of uses and design. This review presents methodological milestones in the development of both pen-on-paper and digital PDs, thereby offering insight into future possibilities created by the transition from paper to digital. Methods We conducted a systematic literature search covering PD acquisition, conception of PDs, PD analysis, and PD visualization. Results The literature search yielded 435 potentially relevant papers, from which 53 methodological milestones were identified. These milestones include, for example, the grid method to quantify pain area, the pain-frequency maps, and the use of artificial neural networks to facilitate diagnosis. Conclusions Digital technologies have had a significant influence on the evolution of PDs, whereas their versatility is leading to ever new applications in the field of medical apps and beyond. In this process, however, there is a clear need for better standardization and a re-evaluation of methodological and technical limitations that no longer apply today.