Hasil untuk "Women. Feminism"

S. Benhabib

Acknowledgements. Induction. Part I. Modernity, Morality and Ethical:. 1. In the Shadow of Aristotle and Hegel. 2. Autonomy, Modernity and Community. 3. Models of Public Space. 4. Judgements and the Moral Foundations of Politics in Hannah Arendta s Thought. Part II. Autonomy, Feminism and Postmodernism:. 5. The Generalized and the Concrete Other. 6. The Debate over Women and Moral Theory Revisited. 7. Feminism and the Question of Postmodernism. 8. On Hegel, Women and Irony. Index.

A. J. van Steensel – Boon, H. M. Wintjes, E. Röder et al.

IntroductionWomen with inflammatory arthritis (IA) face significant challenges throughout preconception, pregnancy, and postpartum phases, including concerns about disease management and medication safety. The Reproductive Rheumatology care pathway at Erasmus University Medical Center integrates specialized care from rheumatologists and specialized nurses to address both medical, nursing, practical and emotional needs during these phases. This study evaluates patient satisfaction, identifies unmet needs, and explores opportunities for enhancing support within this integrated care model.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study. We designed a customized questionnaire for women 18 years and older who were treated following the Reproductive Rheumatology care pathway and had given birth between 2019 and 2021. These women were invited to fill in the questionnaire. The survey assessed satisfaction with care, challenges experienced, and information needs across preconception, pregnancy, and postpartum phases. Descriptive statistics and paired t-tests were used for data analysis.ResultsParticipants reported high satisfaction with care, rating rheumatologists an average of 8.8/10 and specialized nurses 9.2/10. While 78.9% experienced no major issues, some faced problems such as managing disease flares and difficulties around conception. Information needs varied by phase: preconception needs focused on medication safety and fertility, while pregnancy and postpartum concerns included disease management and emotional support. Specialized nurses were pivotal in offering personalized care and practical advice.ConclusionThe integrated Reproductive Rheumatology care pathway effectively supports women with IA through their reproductive journey. Despite high satisfaction, improvements could be made in personalized care and addressing challenges related to confidence and help acceptance. Future research should investigate the long-term impact of such care pathways on reproductive outcomes and patient well-being.

Angelica Pereira Souza, Anderson Uchôa, Edna Dias Canedo et al.

Context: Gender inequality is a widely discussed issue across various sectors, including Information Technology and Communication (ICT). In Brazil, women represent less than 18% of ICT students in higher education. Prior studies highlight gender-related barriers that discourage women from staying in ICT. However, they provide limited insights into their perceptions as undergraduate students and the factors influencing their participation and confidence. Goal: This study explores the perceptions of women undergraduate students in ICT regarding gender inequality. Method: A survey of 402 women from 18 Brazilian states enrolled in ICT courses was conducted using a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative and qualitative analyses. Results: Women students reported experiencing discriminatory practices from peers and professors, both inside and outside the classroom. Gender stereotypes were found to undermine their self-confidence and self-esteem, occasionally leading to course discontinuation. Conclusions: Factors such as lack of representation, inappropriate jokes, isolation, mistrust, and difficulty being heard contribute to harmful outcomes, including reduced participation and reluctance to take leadership roles. Addressing these issues is essential to creating a safe and respectful learning environment for all students.

Cristina Martinez Montes, Jonna Johansson, Emrik Dunvald

Software engineering remains male-dominated despite efforts to attract and retain women. Many leave the field due to limited opportunities, unfair treatment, and challenging workplace cultures. Examining university life and choices is important, as these formative experiences shape career aspirations and can help address the root causes of underrepresentation in the industry. The study aimed to deepen understanding of the motivations behind women's choice of a career in IT, their experiences in academic life, and how these experiences influence their career decisions, all within a Nordic context. We used a combination of surveys in the bachelor programmes in the IT faculty and interviews with only women from software engineering (SE) to provide a comprehensive view of population experiences and a closer exploration of the experiences of a smaller sample with a focus on SE. Our results showed that family and personal interest are among the main factors motivating women to choose an IT programme. Further, women perceive more challenges following their chosen career path than men. We proposed high-level actions to address gender-related challenges and disparities based on our findings.

Theodorus Dapamede, Aisha Urooj, Vedant Joshi et al.

Women are underdiagnosed and undertreated for cardiovascular disease. Automatic quantification of breast arterial calcification on screening mammography can identify women at risk for cardiovascular disease and enable earlier treatment and management of disease. In this retrospective study of 116,135 women from two healthcare systems, a transformer-based neural network quantified BAC severity (no BAC, mild, moderate, and severe) on screening mammograms. Outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause mortality. BAC severity was independently associated with MACE after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, with increasing hazard ratios from mild (HR 1.18-1.22), moderate (HR 1.38-1.47), to severe BAC (HR 2.03-2.22) across datasets (all p<0.001). This association remained significant across all age groups, with even mild BAC indicating increased risk in women under 50. BAC remained an independent predictor when analyzed alongside ASCVD risk scores, showing significant associations with myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and mortality (all p<0.005). Automated BAC quantification enables opportunistic cardiovascular risk assessment during routine mammography without additional radiation or cost. This approach provides value beyond traditional risk factors, particularly in younger women, offering potential for early CVD risk stratification in the millions of women undergoing annual mammography.

Md. Rifat Mahmud, Raiyan Bin Reza

YouTube has faced criticism for facilitating the spread of misinformation targeting women. This study analyzes anti-women content on YouTube to understand the types, volume, and potential harms of misinformation campaigns. Through a content analysis of videos, channels, and discussions networks, we identified common anti-women tropes including claims about feminism, gender politics, relationships, and women - men relationship. The sample of this study (N=100) was drawn from popular videos matching relevant keywords. Videos were coded for message framing. Results show an availability of wide range videos spreading anti women videos. Most of these videos are dominated by male speakers. This study provides empirical evidence that YouTube is a vector for organized misinformation targeting women, with concerning real-world implications. It is imperative for this platform to curb harmful anti-women propaganda using content moderation and algorithm governance.

Mariela Solana

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Ingrid Haegele

Addressing female underrepresentation in leadership positions has become a key policy objective. However, little is known about the extent to which leadership appeals differently to women. Collecting new data from a large firm, I document that women are substantially less likely to apply for early-career promotions. Realized application patterns and large-scale surveys reveal the role of an understudied feature of promotions -- having to assume responsibility over a team -- which is less appealing to women. This gender difference is not accounted for by standard explanations, such as success likelihood or confidence, but is rather a product of common design features of leadership positions.

Yang Yang, Han Lin Shang, James Raymer

Fertility differentials by urban-rural residence and nativity of women in Australia significantly impact population composition at sub-national levels. We aim to provide consistent fertility forecasts for Australian women characterized by age, region, and birthplace. Age-specific fertility rates at the national and sub-national levels obtained from census data between 1981-2011 are jointly modeled and forecast by the grouped functional time series method. Forecasts for women of each region and birthplace are reconciled following the chosen hierarchies to ensure that results at various disaggregation levels consistently sum up to the respective national total. Coupling the region of residence disaggregation structure with the trace minimization reconciliation method produces the most accurate point and interval forecasts. In addition, age-specific fertility rates disaggregated by the birthplace of women show significant heterogeneity that supports the application of the grouped forecasting method.

Marjan Petreski, Stefan Tanevski, Alejandro D. Jacobo

Using a Taylor rule amended with official reserves movements, we derive country-specific monetary shocks and employ a local projections-estimator for tracking gender-disaggregated labor-market responses in 99 developing economies from 2009 to 2021. Results show that women experience more negative post-shock employment responses than men, contributing to a deepening of the gender gaps on the labor market. After the shock, women leave the labor market more so than men, which results in an apparently intact or even improved unemployment outcome for women. We find limited evidence of sector-specific reaction to interest rates. Additionally, we identify an intense worsening of women-s position on the labor market in high-growth environments as well under monetary policy tightening. Developing Asia and Latin America experience the most significant detrimental effects on women's employment, Africa exhibits a slower manifestation of the monetary shocks-impact and developing Europe shows the mildest effects.

Melody Lucha

Lectura crítica de Fernández Cordero, Laura (2021). Feminismos para la revolución. Antología de 14 mujeres que desafiaron los límites de las izquierdas. Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI Editores, 256 páginas

María Belén Rizzo

El presente trabajo se propone realizar un recorrido por las imágenes de la risa en la poesía de Alfonsina Storni y el modo en que éstas se vinculan con la construcción de una voz poética en el contexto del sistema literario nacional de comienzos de siglo XX y de los idearios dominantes de la feminidad que imperaban en la época. Para ello, nos centraremos en el poema “La loba”, publicado en 1916, y en una serie de poemas posteriores en los cuales se repiten diferentes figuras de la risa. Asimismo, para vincular la producción poética de Storni con su época, especialmente la “ideología de la domesticidad”, recorreremos algunas de sus crónicas, reunidas en Un libro quemado.

Mayra Salazar , Irene Casique, Chloé Constant

En este artículo analizamos la relación entre el trabajo extradoméstico y el empoderamiento de las mujeres casadas y unidas en México a partir de la información de la Encuesta Nacional sobre la Dinámica de las Relaciones en los Hogares, ENDIREH 2016. Comparamos los niveles de empoderamiento de mujeres que no realizan trabajo extradoméstico, con aquellas que trabajan sin remuneración y con quienes trabajan y perciben ingresos. Encontramos evidencias de que el trabajo extradoméstico está relacionado con mayores niveles de empoderamiento de las mujeres, tanto a nivel global como en dimensiones específicas de éste, y dicho incremento es más claro cuando este trabajo supone un ingreso laboral. Las mujeres que reciben ingresos por su trabajo tienen mayor poder de decisión, mayor autonomía, actitudes menos apegadas a los estereotipos de género, mayores recursos económicos y sus parejas participan más activamente en el trabajo del hogar y de cuidados, en comparación con las mujeres sin trabajo extradoméstico. Se concluye que el trabajo extradoméstico se asocia positivamente con altos niveles de empoderamiento de las mujeres y la relación se ve influida por factores sociodemográficos y características del trabajo realizado.

Andreas D. Lauritzen, My Catarina von Euler-Chelpin, Elsebeth Lynge et al.

Purpose: Risk-stratified breast cancer screening might improve early detection and efficiency without comprising quality. However, modern mammography-based risk models do not ensure adaptation across vendor-domains and rely on cancer precursors, associated with short-term risk, which might limit long-term risk assessment. We report a cross-vendor mammographic texture model for long-term risk. Approach: The texture model was robustly trained using two systematically designed case-control datasets. Textural features, indicative of future breast cancer, were learned by excluding samples with diagnosed/potential malignancies from training. An augmentation-based domain adaption technique, based on flavorization of mammographic views, ensured generalization across vendor-domains. The model was validated in 66,607 consecutively screened Danish women with flavorized Siemens views and 25,706 Dutch women with Hologic-processed views. Performances were evaluated for interval cancers (IC) within two years from screening and long-term cancers (LTC) from two years after screening. The texture model was combined with established risk factors to flag 10% of women with the highest risk. Results: In Danish women, the texture model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) of 0.71 and 0.65 for ICs and LTCs, respectively. In Dutch women with Hologic-processed views, the AUCs were not different from AUCs in Danish women with flavorized views. The AUC for texture combined with established risk factors increased to 0.68 for LTCs. The 10% of women flagged as high-risk accounted for 25.5% of ICs and 24.8% of LTCs. Conclusions: The texture model robustly estimated long-term breast cancer risk while adapting to an unseen processed vendor-domain and identified a clinically relevant high-risk subgroup.

Benjamín Madariaga, Susana Mondschein, Soledad Torres

Introduction: The goal of this paper is to study inequities in breast cancer (BC) health care outcomes for Chilean women, including case fatality (FR) and survival rates (SR), stratified by type of health care provider and geographical area. A secondary goal is to estimate BC incidence (IR) and mortality (MR) rates by health care providers and region. Methods: We used two public anonymized databases provided by the Ministry of Health: the national death and hospital discharges datasets. For survival analysis, we used the Kaplan Meier product-limit estimator (KM) with a 95% ci and the Cox proportional hazards model (CM) with null-hypothesis significance testing of p>0.001. Results: We considered a cohort of 58,254 and 16,615 BC hospital discharges and deaths for the period 2007-2018. New cases and deaths due to BC increased by 43.6% and 33.6% respectively. Avg age-adjusted IR and MR were 44.0 and 10.5, respectively. Women affiliated to a private provider (ISAPRE) have an avg age adjusted IR of 60.6 compared to 38.8 for women affiliated with the public provider (FONASA). The national FR has remained constant over time, with a mean of 26.8. Women affiliated with ISAPRE had a considerably lower FR during the period under study, with an avg of 15.7 compared to 27.5 for women in FONASA. The avg 5-year SR were 0.81 and 0.90 for FONASA and ISAPRE. Women from the Metropolitan area have higher SRs than women from other regions. SRs obtained using the CM have a similar behavior to those obtained by the KM. Discussion: Despite the inclusion of BC in the GES plan in 2005 to provide greater, there are still significant differences in FR and SR for patients affiliated to ISAPRE compared to those in FONASA, a choice that is directly associated with socioeconomic level, and for patients in the Metropolitan and other regions. Further studies are required to determine the causes of these disparities.

Leisha DeHart-Davis, Nicole Humphrey, Travis A. Whetsell

We explore the influence of gender and formal organizational status on the formation of discussion ties. Network data, gathered through surveying employees from a municipal organization in the United States, garnered a 92% response rate (n=143). Results of exponential random graph modeling indicate women supervisors are more likely to send discussion ties, while women in general are more likely to receive discussion ties. These exploratory results suggest women may be perceived as more approachable for work discussions, but not as supervisors. Finally, the results identified a consistent homophily effect of gender in the discussion network.

Fiona Probyn-Rapsey

<b>Preamble:</b> Thanks to Deirdre, Amanda and Azille for inviting me to this conference – Gender and the Anthropocene. This is my first time in South Africa, a country that has always loomed large in my political imagination. Like a lot of Australians, when I was young, I spent a lot of time thinking about race relations in South Africa, rather than looking at race relations in my own country! (I was obsessed by campaigns to secure Nelson Mandela’s release.)&nbsp; While my PhD focused on South African and Australian literature, I have not really spent much time writing or thinking about South Africa since then, so I am very much looking forward to being better informed by listening, learning and participating at this conference.

Mateus Mali

Abstract Feminism is one of social-moral thoughts that challenge the hegemony of patriarchy. Feminists begin their struggle with critique of male domination and ask for valorization of women’s way of thinking, feeling, and moral decisions. According to feminists, one of the communities that are insensitive of feminist issues is the Catholic Church because the church lives in a patriarchal system. Methodology used in this article is hermeneutic. In the light of Jesus’ way, moral theology tries to reflect the problem of feminism and the role of woman in the Church. The main focus of this article is the analysis of feminism in the Gospel and in moral theology. The goal of this writing is to push Catholic women to participate more in the ecclesial life and to correct the male languages of theology to be more feminine-sensitive. Abstrak Feminisme adalah salah satu pemikiran moral sosial yang menantang hegemoni patriarkal. Para penggerak perempuan menuntut penghargaan dari cara berpikir, berperasaan, dan mengambil keputusan moral dari para perempuan dan mengkritik dominasi laki-laki. Menurut penggerak feminisme, salah satu komunitas yang melanggengkan persoalan tentang perempuan adalah Gereja Katolik karena dia hidup dalam sistem patriarkal. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah hermeneutik. Dalam terang cara Yesus, teologi moral mencoba untuk merefleksikan persoalan perempuan dan peranannya di dalam Gereja. Fokus utama dari artikel ini adalah analisa tentang feminisme di dalam Injil dan dalam teologi moral. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah mendorong perempuan Katolik untuk lebih mengambil bagian dalam kehidupan menggereja dan untuk membetulkan bahasa teologi yang terlalu bersifat laki-laki menjadi bahasa teologi yang lebih bersifat perempuan.

Yuki Takahashi

Corrections among colleagues are an integral part of group work, but people may take corrections as personal criticism, especially corrections by women. I study whether people dislike collaborating with someone who corrects them and more so when that person is a woman. People, including those with high productivity, are less willing to collaborate with a person who has corrected them even if the correction improves group performance. Yet, people respond to corrections by women as negatively as by men. These findings suggest that although women do not face a higher hurdle, correcting colleagues is costly and reduces group efficiency.

Izak van Zyl, Nyx McLean

The onset of COVID-19 has led to the introduction of far-reaching digital interventions in the interest of public health. Among these, digital contact tracing has been proposed as a viable means of targeted control in countries across the globe, including on the African continent. This, in turn, creates significant ethical challenges for vulnerable communities, including LGBTQIA+ persons. In this research paper, we explore some of the ethical implications of digital contact tracing for the LGBTQIA+ community. We refer specifically to the digital infringement of freedoms, and ground our discussion in the discourse of data colonisation and Big Tech. We propose a critical intersectional feminism towards developing inclusive technology that is decentralised and user controlled. This approach is informed by a feminist ethics of care that emphasises multiple lived experiences.