Purpose: The pursuit of sustainable development has reshaped how organizations understand their social role, intensifying expectations regarding the integration of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), ethics, and integrity into strategic decision-making. This study examines how CSR is embedded in corporate strategies and assesses whether ethical principles are substantively integrated into organizational culture or primarily mobilized as instruments of compliance and reputation management. Methodology: Adopting a qualitative research design, this study draws on in-depth interviews with corporate executives, consumers, and CSR experts to explore how CSR, ethics, and integrity are incorporated into strategic management processes. The data were systematically coded and thematically analyzed using MAXQDA. Findings: The findings indicate that effective CSR integration depends on a dynamic balance between internal motivations, external institutional pressures, and ethically oriented leadership. Organizations that align discourse with practice, grounded in authentic ethical values, strengthen their reputation, build stakeholder trust, and enhance organizational resilience. Ethical principles also support the diffusion of responsible practices across the value chain. However, persistent challenges remain, particularly regarding the measurement of intangible outcomes and the embedding of ethical coherence throughout organizational culture. Theoretical and Practical Implications: The study demonstrates that sustainable business strategies must be grounded in ethical substance rather than formal compliance alone. Transparent governance structures, ethical leadership, and meaningful stakeholder engagement emerge as essential conditions for CSR to foster genuine organizational transformation. Originality and Value: This research advances understanding of how CSR, ethics, and integrity intersect within corporate sustainability strategies. It identifies critical gaps in the literature and outlines avenues for future research, particularly regarding cross-cultural ethical practices and the development of robust metrics to assess their impact on organizational performance and legitimacy.
Nouman Malik, Kashif Siddique, Muhammad Imran Dogar
Purpose: The research investigates the influence of individual cultural values on brand (university) awareness. The first objective of research is to find the impact of individual cultural values like collectivism, long term orientation, masculinity, power distance, and uncertainty avoidance on university awareness. The second objective was to find out the role of gender in these relationships.
Methodology: The research uses quantitative research methodology. The population has been all the students enrolled in all the universities of Pakistan. Probability based stratified sampling technique used. Questionnaire based survey conducted among seventeen universities of Islamabad Pakistan. Data collected from 1001 students out of which 842 respondents considered for data analysis. Reliability of measurement model verified through Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability. The validity of measurement model verified through outer loadings, cross loadings and average variance extracted. Smart PLS 4 software and bootstrapping technique used to analyze the data.
Findings: The results reveal that collectivism, long term orientation, masculinity, and uncertainty avoidance except power distance impact university awareness of students. The results also show that gender plays an important role in these intricate relationships with varying results. Finally, the research shows that long term orientation found to be the most important and the strongest individual cultural value affecting university awareness among male students. While uncertainty avoidance found to be the strongest individual cultural value affecting university awareness among female students.
PurposeThis study aims to explore the impact of various factors on consumer responses to apparel resale programs in the USA, using the stimulus-organism-response model. It investigates how product quality (PQ), information quality (IQ), brand image (BI) and promotional efforts (PE) influence consumer behavior, and examines the moderating role of consumer environmental knowledge (CEK).Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted among US consumers familiar with apparel resale programs. The research model integrated constructs like product satisfaction (PS), brand trust (BT), perceived utilitarian and hedonic values as responses to external stimuli and purchase intention, brand loyalty (BL) and word-of-mouth (WOM) as subsequent behaviors. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypothesized relationships.FindingsThe study reveals that PQ significantly influences consumer satisfaction and utilitarian value, but not BT or hedonic value, while IQ enhances consumer satisfaction, trust and perceived values. BI and PE improve all consumer responses, with CEK moderating these effects. Notably, consumer PS strongly drives purchase intentions but not BL; BT enhances loyalty and WOM without directly affecting purchase intentions. Both perceived utilitarian and hedonic values positively impact purchase intentions and BL, highlighting their importance in motivating consumer behaviors within apparel resale programs.Practical implicationsThe findings can assist retailers and marketers in effectively designing and promoting apparel resale programs. Emphasizing high-quality products and trustworthy information can significantly enhance consumer trust and satisfaction. Moreover, understanding the role of environmental knowledge can help tailor marketing strategies to better meet consumer expectations and enhance engagement.Originality/valueThis study advances the literature on sustainable consumer behavior and circular fashion by identifying how distinct marketing stimuli – PQ, IQ, BI and PE shape consumer cognition, emotions and behavioral responses in apparel resale contexts, and by revealing the moderating role of environmental knowledge in these relationships.
Social responsibility of business, Marketing. Distribution of products
Gina Harventy, Fatima Abdul Hamid, Fatimah Mat Yassin
et al.
Implementing the Creating Shared Value (CSV) strategy is a new strategy to respond to sustainability issues. The CSV strategy can be used to solve social and environmental problems while creating economic value for companies and society. CSV has been widely applied by large companies, but its understanding and implementation among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in developing countries, especially in Indonesia, are still limited. This study aims to explore SMEs' understanding of the CSV concept, identify driving factors, and uncover challenges and obstacles in implementing CSV in SMEs in Indonesia. This study utilized a case study approach with a semi-structured interview method with 9 SMEs listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The study shows that most SMEs still equate the definition of CSV with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), and do not fully understand its strategic potential as an intangible asset as a competitive advantage for SMEs. CSV drivers in SMEs include company competitiveness, economic and social value, and business strategy. However, SMEs face challenges and obstacles in implementing CSV. Lack of expertise and guidelines indicates a lack of knowledge, expertise, and clear guidance in implementing CSV strategically in SMEs. This study emphasizes the importance of CSV integration in SME business strategies and provides theoretical and practical contributions to the development of policies that encourage CSV adoption in SMEs in Indonesia.
Begimai Z. Toichieva , Nadezhda K. Savelyeva , Vergine L. Kirakosyan
et al.
The article examines the transformation of marketing activities under the influence of the concept of management of Quality 5.0. We prove that Quality 5.0 is no longer just a technical category – it integrates ethical, social, and environmental dimensions, relying on the principles of sustainable development, human-centrism, digital ethics, and cyber resilience. We demonstrate that, to preserve competitiveness, modern global brands modify the traditional marketing mix (7P), adapting it to address the challenges of digital transformation and the needs of stakeholders. We consider new approaches to the development of products, which are based on eco-innovations, sustainable supply chains, transparent pricing, personalised channels of distribution, digital communications with the focus on environmental responsibility, partnership relations, and social role of the brand. The methodological foundation of the research is the combination of the theory of quality, marketing concepts of sustainable development, approaches to digital transformation of business, and the case method. We use the methods of content analysis of scholarly sources, analysis of the practices of responsible business of global companies, and methods of comparison, generalisation, deduction, and interpretation. The scientific novelty of this paper lies in the updated interpretation of the marketing mix through the lens of Quality 5.0, in which each of its elements is considered as a tool of strategic influence on the formation of the values of sustainability, ethical consumption, and digital responsibility. We distinguish the key mechanisms of implementing these principles by the example of the activities of global brands, which demonstrate the ability to combine technological innovations with ethical positioning and social impact.
Muzammal Ilyas Sindhu, Windijarto, Wing-Keung Wong
et al.
This study aims to investigate the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on both financial and non-financial performance in the Pakistani banking sector by applying a quantitative research approach to the primary data from 405 branch managers in the Pakistani banking sector. Both financial and non-financial performance indicators are analyzed in relation to CSR practices. The CB-SEM findings of this study reveal a significant and positive correlation between CSR and both financial and non-financial performance. Our results demonstrate that CSR initiatives contribute to improved financial performance, reputation, and innovation within the sector. These findings confirm the importance of prioritizing social responsibility initiatives to enhance overall performance in the banking industry. This study provides valuable insights into the impact of CSR on performance in the context of the Pakistani banking sector. The research contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the positive relationship between CSR and financial/non-financial performance. The findings underscore the relevance of CSR practices for banks in Pakistan and emphasize the potential benefits of incorporating social responsibility initiatives into their operations. This study serves as a foundation for future research, encouraging further exploration of CSR's role in the banking industry and its implications for sustainable business practices.
Abstract
Non-technical summary
This study explores how corporate social responsibility and risk management intersect in the fashion industry, aiming to promote sustainability. It emphasizes the importance of integrating responsible practices into business strategies to mitigate risks and enhance long-term profitability. By focusing on a multinational fashion supply chain, the study examines real-world examples to highlight the challenges and opportunities in balancing brand image with ethical supply chain management. The findings provide insights into how companies can safeguard their reputation, manage complex supply chains, and contribute positively to sustainability goals in the fashion sector.
Technical summary
This paper investigates the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and risk management within the fashion industry. It conducts an in-depth case study of a prominent multinational fashion supply chain, analyzing 11 suppliers through interviews, observations, and internal documents. The study underscores that integrating CSR principles into risk management strategies helps mitigate supply chain risks and capitalize on business opportunities. It addresses gaps in existing literature by presenting empirical evidence of CSR-driven transformations in the sector, rather than merely documenting unsustainable practices. The study contributes by offering practical insights for fashion businesses aiming to achieve long-term success through sustainable practices. Key implications include the necessity for strategic integration of CSR into operational frameworks to protect corporate image, manage risks effectively, and foster sustainable growth in the competitive fashion marketplace.
Social media summary
From risk management to sustainable success: how corporate social responsibility shapes the future of fashion.
Christos Arvanitidis, Boris Barov, Alberto Basset
et al.
A network of European organisations is coordinating a workshop in New York (USA) on September 26, 2024, as part of the Science Summit 2024 at the 79th Session of the UN General Assembly (UNGA79). This network represents active communities from the fields of biodiversity, ecology, and engineering. It aims to strengthen science, technology, and innovation efforts to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).These communities, through European initiatives like the European Research Infrastructures, the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC), and Digital Twin projects, have selected the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (K-M GBF) as a testbed for contributing to the SDGs. Their collective focus is on the network shared impact rather than individual projects. By examining a common approach to the K-M GBF, they aim to enhance their contributions to the framework's strategic goals, particularly its 2030 and 2050 targets.In this direction, the network: Recognises the contribution and rights of indigenous peoples and local communities as custodians of biodiversity and holders of traditional knowledge for the conservation, restoration, and sustainable use of ecosystems. By adhering to the Open Science principles of “Findable Accessible Interoperable Reusable” (FAIR) and “Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, Ethics” (CARE), and by being consistent with the practices adopted by the scientific community, the members of the network promote traceability of their work and of the materials they use, including those provided by indigenous peoples.Implements a variety of approaches to improve biodiversity monitoring, management, and protection. It promotes multi- and cross-disciplinary, integrative approaches to enhance its contribution to many of the Framework objectives. Its members support research on biodiversity at all levels of the biological organisation, from single-celled organisms, through collections and specimen data and up to the scale of ecosystems, as well as on how biodiversity responds to climate change. A key role in this process is already being played by the biodiversity Research Infrastructures, both in the EU and globally, through bi- and multi-directional linking and an increased interoperability of their data holdings, the provision of advanced access to semantically structured FAIR data, the provision of single points of access to federated data discovery from different data domains, thus supporting multi-disciplinary research addressing questions of high complexity and importance to society.All organisations in the network are committed to the three principal objectives of the Convention on the Biological Diversity, namely conservation, sustainable use, and fair sharing of benefits derived from the utilisation of natural resources. They contribute significantly to the three above principal objectives of the CBD, by: (a) making biodiversity information readily available and developing systems to support decision making and conservation efforts that directly contribute to our ability to live sustainably with nature, as concerns the first of the principal objectives above; (b) identifying priorities and targets and raising awareness of the need to streamline efforts among scientific and societal actors, are critical elements towards the second objective; (c) developing technologies to enable the sharing of data, services and other products related to genetic resources, which are used in combination with any other type of resource or product (e.g. taxonomic, literature, environmental, etc.), are included among the activities to achieve the third principal objective. Contributes to the achievement of the K-M GBF objectives through science, technology and innovation, based on scientific evidence, traditional knowledge, and innovative practices. This support is translated into activities such as: (a) providing solutions for research, data sharing and management, and scientific computing solutions to researchers, learners, policy makers, public administrations and businesses; (b) developing standard operating procedures, implementing standards, and promoting open science principles to enhance research integrity, accuracy and accountability in science; (c) providing federated research services, resources, and other research products to promote multidisciplinary knowledge and innovation; (d) creating models (e.g. of climate and human activity related land-use changes in biodiversity dynamics and ecosystem services), automated data flows (from sensors to data systems) and integration (e.g. biodiversity data flows combined with environmental and human activity variables; (e) building digital twins for informed decision making, such as the European Digital Twin of the Ocean (European DTO), with assured connectivity to newly collected high quality environmental and biodiversity data; (f) providing training and capacity building services for innovative tools.Supports the consideration of the ecosystem approach principle in the implementation of the K-M GBF, with a number of activities being developed by the network: (a) providing virtual representations of the ocean and land, integrating observations, modelling, and digital infrastructures, and creating digital twins that allow the scientific community to simulate and study “what if” scenarios; (b) developing and implementing technologies that enable a cross-domain, multidisciplinary approach to the study of biodiversity and ecosystems; (c) promoting ecosystem-based approaches to biodiversity management and habitat conservation in innovative publications venues (e.g. Nature Conservation, Biodiversity Data Journal, One Ecosystem, etc.).Promotes collaboration and synergies between the Convention on Biological Diversity and its Protocols, as well as with other biodiversity-related conventions, relevant multilateral agreements and international organisations and processes, as this will facilitate the implementation of the K-M GBF. The network is developing a variety of work, including: (a) collaborating with bodies and organisations responsible for the implementation of the CBD and its Protocols (e.g. IUCN, IPBES, European Commission) to co-design and co-develop research resources and products to support their mandates; (b) establishing strong links with policy actors such as the European Commission and the European Parliament, the JRC and others. Participate in social, scientific and technical initiatives in the European arena, such as the European Green Deal, the EU Knowledge Centre for Biodiversity and its Science Service for Biodiversity, the Biodiversity Knowledge Hub, the EU Pollinators Initiative and the EOSC. Developing links with the private sector through the Science/Business initiative, cooperation with the European Environmental Bureau (EEB), and the EOSC Digital Innovation Hub (EOSC DIH); (c) integrating and sharing of computational resources and expertise will not only advance the frontiers of scientific knowledge, but also ensure that data-driven research initiatives around the world are well supported.Contributes to the understanding and researching of the links between biodiversity and health. Particular emphasis will be placed on the following activities: (a) participating in initiatives and projects such as the EOSC Health Cluster, a platform for interdisciplinary research, EC projects such as B4Life, B-Cubed and BioAgora by publishing research that investigates how biodiversity affects human health; (b) using data from multiple sources to numerically demonstrate the links between human and environmental health, in the context of the One Health concept; (c) using digital twins to create Virtual Research Environments (VREs) that generate knowledge on how biodiversity patterns derived from taxa and habitats interact with patterns derived from data and information on their health; (d) publishing the results of the research, such as studies on zoonotic diseases, biodiversity and mental health, and the benefits of ecosystem services for public health. During the workshop, the participants will present their collective contribution to the implementation of the K-M GBF and invite international and regional stakeholders to present their expectations on the above topic. Based on stakeholder input, the network will publish a white paper outlining its approach.Finally, these communities will issue an open call to forge an international alliance to further integrate biodiversity conservation into the priorities of the UN Summit of the Future agenda priorities and the post-SDG agenda.
Training based on competences has been promoted by the Tuning Project for Latin America. The objective of this study was to determine the competences that must be strengthened for the academic training of managers in graduate school. The research was descriptive-correlational. An adaptation of the instrument on general and specific competences in the area of Business A dministration of the Tuning Project was carried out. This version of the instrument was applied to postgraduate students, graduates, human resource managers, and professors. For the analysis, the approach of four philosophical fundamentals of business administration was considered. The results show the need to strengthen the specific and general competences applied, there is also little development in competences related to ethics and social responsibility of the manager, which can impact performance and methods (epistemology) and managerial management work (praxeology). It is suggested to review the academic curriculum and evaluate a model that strengthens competences.
Jan Mohammad, Saima Wasim, Syed Aamir Alam Rizvi
et al.
Purpose: Sponsored content in the form of covert messages is deceptive on consumers' behalf. When a consumer is aware of the sponsored content, they infer influencer motives and starts to resist such content hurting engagement. Sponsored content also adds to consumers hence the rationale of this research study is to explore the impact of influencer credibility, sponsorship disclosure, and brand credibility on consumer's attitudes toward sponsored content. The mediating role of consumer inferences of influencer motives is the highlight of the study. The framework is assessed in the light of attribution theory.
Research Design: The research has a cause-to-effect design. It elaborates on the relationship among the constructs with an underpinning theory. Data from the sample of 218 participants were analyzed and comprehended using PLS-SEM.
Findings: The outcome of the study has identified that influencer credibility had a significant impact on consumer's attitudes toward sponsored content whereas, brand credibility and sponsorship disclosure showed a non-significant impact. Moreover, sponsorship disclosure moderated the impact between brand credibility and consumer resistance towards sponsored content. Lastly, consumer inference of influencer motives has a mediation effect between BC and CRSC.
Practical Implications: The relative importance of influencer motives and sponsorship disclosure is established for the first time in the current research study. The new findings are a substantial contribution to the body of knowledge and the theory. The practical implications of the study are focused on the industry.
Eva Kuhn, Sebastian Müller, Christoph Teusch
et al.
Abstract Background The workplace has been identified as a priority setting for health promotion. There are potential advantages of systematically integrating Occupational Health Management (OHM) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). However, OHM and CSR are usually overseen by different management branches with different sets of values, and there is a lack of empirical research regarding interfaces between OHM and CSR. Germany offers a particularly useful setting due to legislation requiring health to be promoted in the workplace. This study aims to examine key stakeholders’ views and experiences regarding interfaces between OHM and CSR in German companies. Methods Individual semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with a sample of 77 German stakeholders from three different groups: experts in occupational health and corporate social responsibility from various companies (n = 35), business partners (n = 19), and various non-business partners (n = 23). Transcripts were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results Participants identified several areas in which OHM and CSR are already interacting at strategic, structural and cultural levels, but also highlighted several barriers that undermine a more meaningful interaction. Participants reported difficulties in articulating the underlying ethical values relevant to both OHM and CSR at the strategic level. Several structural barriers were also highlighted, including a lack of resources (both financial and knowledge), and OHM and CSR departments not being fully developed or undertaken at entirely different operational levels. Finally, the missing practical implementation of corporate philosophy was identified as a critical cultural barrier to interfaces between OHM and CSR, with existing guidelines and companies’ philosophies that already connect OHM and CSR not being embraced by employees and managers. Conclusions There is already significant overlap in the focus of OHM and CSR, at the structural, strategic and cultural levels in many German companies. The potential is there, both in theory and practice, for the systematic combination of OHM and CSR. The insights from this study will be useful to ensure that closer integration between both management branches is set up in a socially sustainable and ethical manner.
Purpose is to study the essential basis of the concept of sustainable development as a new component of corporate social responsibility.Methods: the research is based on a systematic approach to the understanding of corporate social responsibility. The analysis of the state and trends of sustainable development was carried out using the retrospective method, comparative and economic-statistical analysis, as well as the method of data visualization, which allowed us to form a holistic view of the essence and receptivity of Russian business to the ideas of sustainable development.Results: the article substantiates the importance of socially responsible business practices in terms of the concept of corporate social responsibility. Today, it is considered as an umbrella concept, the central place in which is given to sustainable development. A historical retrospective of the formation of the term "sustainable development" is carried out. The content of ESG factors used to assess the contribution of companies to achieving the triune outcome of sustainable development is revealed. The identified indicators of commitment of board members to sustainable development issues allowed us to state that most companies are taking measures to integrate sustainable development issues into the overall strategy of companies and issue non-financial statements. This has which generally positively affects the interest of the investment community in such companies. The special requirements for the content of non-financial reports are described, and the priority of the sustainable Development Goals for Russian companies is analyzed. The author draws a conclusion about the reasons for the weak involvement of Russian business in the selection and achievement of sustainable development goals and suggests solutions to promote the concept of sustainable development in the Russian business community.Conclusions and Relevance: the close attention paid to the sustainable development agenda by the world community and business proves the relevance of solving a whole range of environmental and social problems. The integration of sustainable development issues into the overall strategy of companies, covering an increasing number of companies, allows for strategic initiatives in the ideology of sustainable development with a tendency to expand the planning horizon. Taking into account the increased attention of the investment community to business projects based on the principles of sustainable development, the management of companies realized the need to issue non-financial statements with the inclusion of data that meet special requirements for the disclosure of ESG topics. In addition, the company's requirements for transparency of companies' activities and for their accountability on the results of their impact on the environmental and social situation are supplemented by new requirements in the field of disclosure of the quality of corporate governance. In these circumstances, the role of the top management of companies in promoting the ideology of sustainable development is undeniable. At the same time, the majority of Russian companies do not yet demonstrate a sufficient understanding of the connection of global environmental and social problems with their business, which is clearly reflected in the choice of sustainable development goals.
Abubaker Mousa Eltoum, Aminurraasyid Yatiban, Rusdi Omar
et al.
During the first quarter of 2020, COVID-19 spread worldwide, claiming lives of thousands of people every day. This marked the beginning of all emergency and business continuity plans around the world. This study attempts to study people’s awareness of CSR practices among business firms in Dubai and investigate people’s evaluation of these CSR practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study employs a quantitative research method and mainly uses questionnaires for data collection. 199 respondents are selected from different business firms in Dubai. Expert interviews are also conducted for triangulation purposes. It involves the Dubai community with various backgrounds and status. This study shows that a large scheme of the Dubai community has a decent level of expertise in sustainability and corporate social responsibility. It also shows that firms that have implemented CSR before the crisis will mostly be better suited to play a supportive role for government and society during the crisis.
AcknowledgmentResearch grant provided by the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme [FRGS/1/2017/SS01/UUM/02/23] under Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia, and University Utara Malaysia (SO Code: 13806) is gratefully acknowledged.
Isa Fahim, Mojtaba Poursalimi, Ali Hosseinzadeh
et al.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate a branding model with an emphasis on organizational social responsibility based on social networks in the banking industry. The statistical population of the study includes all the employees of Sepah Bank in Iran. The 384 people were selected as the sample of the study using the Cochran formula. Qualitative content analysis and structural equation analysis using PLS software were used for data analysis. The results showed that the dimension of factors had a positive and significant relationship with the dimension of processes and results. The results also showed that the process dimension has a positive and significant relationship with the dimension of the results. Also, the results of the further analysis showed that among the three main dimensions of the model (factors, processes, and results), the process dimension had the most impact on the results dimension, indicating that Sepah Bank must pay more attention to its business processes to increase its social responsibility.
Øystein B Røynesdal, Femke van Nassau, Nai Rui Chng
et al.
This study mapped existing health-promotion provisions targeting adults in professional football clubs across England, the Netherlands, Norway, and Portugal, and explored motives behind the clubs' adoption of the European Fans in Training (EuroFIT) programme. We surveyed top-tier football clubs in the four countries and interviewed representatives from football clubs and the clubs' charitable foundation who delivered EuroFIT. The findings showed large between-country differences, with football clubs in England reporting far greater healthy lifestyle provision than other countries. Relatively few health-promotion programmes targeted adults, particularly in the Netherlands, Portugal, and Norway. Club representatives reported that the motives for adopting the EuroFIT programme often involved adhering to both the social objectives of the football club or club's foundation and business-related objectives. They viewed the scientific evidence and evaluation underpinning EuroFIT as helpful in demonstrating the value and potential future impact of both the programme and the clubs' wider corporate social responsibility provision.
Salyha Zulfiqar Ali Shah, Imran Sharif Chaudhry, Fatima Farooq
Countries across the world have acknowledged that poverty alleviation has to be of critical importance among the objectives of economic development. This paper sheds light on the Multan division, as one the important division of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. The primary data was collected through a household survey during the year 2019.The study concluded that occupation of the household head in the primary sector and household size are significant and positively associated with household poverty. However, human capital of the household is found to be significant and negatively related to household poverty in the Multan division. Economic development or per capita income of the households are found to be significant and positively related with human capital of the households.
This research aims to determine the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) partnership program implemented by State-Owned Enterprises, BUMN, namely PT. Bukit Asam, Tbk, Tanjung Enim, South Sumatra, as a form of concern for the community of small business actors by providing business capital loan assistance. Credit extension services cannot be separated from the risks that occur, such as non-performing loans. Non-performing loans that happened in PT. Bukit Asam Tanjung Enim South Sumatra, namely small business actors as fostered partners experienced a disaster, went bankrupt and fled, or business owners died. This research method uses descriptive qualitative analysis, administrative procedures for granting credit, analysing systems for giving credit assessment, monitoring credit, calculating the level of the collectibility of non-performing loans, and analysing efforts to rescue non-performing loans. The analysis results show that in 2015 to 2017 and 2018, the category of non-performing loans dominates from other categories. In 2015, 2017,2018 and 2019, the collectability in the current category experienced an increase from 1.8%, up 8.6%, up 35.40% and up to 749.87%. The percentage of loan collectibility obtained shows the amount of non-performing loans in 2015 to 2017, 2018 and 2019 has fluctuated and tends to decrease, from 78.11% to 88.74%. Reduced to 60.45% and fell to 27.58%. This finding shows that there are efforts to improve credit performance to have no problem with credit. It is recommended to CSR managers of PT. Bukit Asam, Tbk. Agra must pay attention to the level of business turnover and the provision of collateral in anticipation of bad credit and for existing lousy credit to be rescheduled or reconditioned for loan arrears or can submit evidence of problematic receivables or write-off of accounts receivable if the conditions are not collectable.
In the modern world, economic relations that arise between business entities are increasingly influenced by social relations, which become dominant and determine the role and relevance of local social responsibility (LSR).The aim of the article is to explore conceptual approaches to formation of corporate social responsibility in the agrarian sector. The article analyzes the main modern conceptual approaches that influence formation of social responsibility. A conceptual model for forming social responsibility in the agrarian sector of the Ukrainian economy is created. It is established that forming social responsibility is possible provided that all levels of interaction are included. It is proved that the impact of social responsibility on the agrarian sector manifests itself through four levels of functioning. It is justified that each next level cannot be developed without the functioning of the previous one. The system of tools for enhancing local social responsibility by certain areas of an agrarian enterprise’s activities, in particular: technical, technological, economic, environmental and individual ones, is built. The list of agents of local social responsibility in the agrarian sector of the Ukrainian economy is supplemented, taking into account the criteria of the ISO standards. Based on the studies, it is found that the adoption of practices of local social responsibility in Ukraine is limited due to lack of information.
The role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on firm performance is well documented in the literature. Although the majority of the evidence available points to a positive association between CSR and determinants of company performance such as monetary performance, personnel commitment and corporate identity, findings still remain rather inconclusive as negative or no correlation results are also reported. In addition, little is known about how CSR is perceived from a bank customer’s point of view and studies examining its effect on customer satisfaction and loyalty in developing economies are scanty. Drawing insights from the stakeholder and signaling theories, this study examines the effect of CSR on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. The study also examines the mediating role of trust on these relationships. Data from 348 bank customers in Zambia indicate that CSR positively affects satisfaction and loyalty. It was also established that trust has a significant mediating effect on the relationships. With the increase in complexity and dynamism of today’s business environment banks are advised to be more socially responsible as one way of building trust and customer satisfaction and loyalty.