Hasil untuk "General Works"

Anoop C. Choolayil, Panneer Devaraju, Muhammed Jabir et al.

Abstract From a spatial justice perspective, this article argues that the spatial plane is ‘constructed’ and that socio-spatial configurations can create and intensify health inequities for vulnerable sections. Employing a mixed methods design, the study inquired about the impact of socio- spatial elements on Vector-Borne Diseases (VBDs) in Puducherry, India. The quantitative phase involved geospatial mapping and household surveys of 650 random individuals from Puducherry who had recovered from dengue, chikungunya or scrub typhus over one year, followed by qualitative in-depth interviews of 30 individuals selected purposively from the first phase participants. The findings show how people are ‘placed’ in spatial planes that are constantly being ‘constructed’ by social forces, leading to an inevitable ‘entanglement’ with vectors. While certain sections possess the resources to ‘modify’ or ‘nullify’ these disadvantages, the disadvantaged continue to live in this entanglement. The complex interaction of geographical and social components in the case of VBDs necessitates debates on health equity from a spatial justice perspective. In fact, it can be argued that spatial justice serves as the foundation for health equity, on which other interventions can be built in communities endemic to VBDs.

Hamzeh Moradi

Abstract To successfully adopt and implement information and communication technology (ICT) in language teaching and learning processes, it is essential to understand how and why language teachers use ICT and identify the barriers they encounter when attempting to incorporate ICT into their lessons. This study examined English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers’ attitudes at the tertiary level towards integrating ICT in their classes based on technology acceptance model (TAM) factors using a questionnaire consisting of both closed- and open-ended questions. Data were collected from 68 EFL teachers at three institutions in Guangzhou, southern China. The findings validated the efficacy of the TAM components in assessing the integration of ICT in higher education EFL classes in China based on teachers’ perceptions and attitudes and revealed teachers’ positive attitudes and significant tendencies towards ICT integration in English classes. However, teachers’ digital literacy and pedagogical and technological skills were found to be insufficient to successfully integrate ICT into tertiary English education. Most participants expressed a desire for in-service ICT training. Moreover, various obstacles were found to affect ICT integration in higher education English classes in China, including personal, institutional, and technological barriers.

Sen Hu

John Mather is a great scholar who was dedicated to mathematics in his whole life. His works in mathematics can be characterized as original and foundational. He laid out the foundation of singularity theory while he was a graduate student. He also laid out the foundation of modern Hamiltonian dynamical systems. Those fields became main stream in mathematics and it attracts many talents to pursue. His other works on characteristic classes, foliations, celestial mechanics, prime ends of conformal mappings are of the same quality with great influence in mathematics.

Enos Paselle, Etika Khairina, Mohammad Taufik et al.

This study evaluates sustainable transportation development in Batam City, focusing on the accessibility of public transportation for persons with disabilities as a sustainability indicator. Utilizing qualitative research methods, primary data were collected through interviews, complemented by secondary data from various sources such as Department of Transportation reports, Batam City Government documents, and online media. Data analysis employed triangulation, supported by Vosviewer Tools for processing secondary data. Findings reveal inadequate transportation accessibility services for people with disabilities in Batam City. Effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, and equality for this demographic remain suboptimal, indicating a lack of sustainable and inclusive approaches. Regional regulations concerning disabilities are not fully implemented, and there's a lack of management strategies for transportation or Transport Demand Management tailored to assist people with disabilities. The Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system's ineffectiveness hampers transportation connectivity, exacerbating access challenges. Essential disability facilities like ramps and bell signals are unevenly provided, while the limited number of special seats creates difficulties in prioritizing pregnant women and the elderly. Consequently, the current serviceability access falls short of meeting the standard needs of people with disabilities, as envisioned in Sustainable Transportation frameworks.

Amaral Rodrigues Gomes, Erlando da Silva Rêses

O presente artigo analisa como Karl Marx e Friedrich Engels compreendiam a literatura como meio de (re)produção capitalista, indicando suas contribuições para (re)construção de uma nova sociedade, a partir da consciência revolucionária. Discorremos sobre a trajetória desses autores, entendendo as manifestações literárias como potenciais elementos para estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem capazes de construir uma consciência proletária, articulada a literatura revolucionária. Embasamo-nos em Cotrim (2016), Lukács (2010), Silva (2012) e Vedda (2003), a partir de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, pautada na revisão bibliográfica. Articulamos, aos preceitos de Marx e Engels, dois poemas: O Bicho de Manuel Bandeira (1986) e Lixo de Augusto de Campos (1986), indicando caminhos para a utilização da literatura voltada à conscientização revolucionária. Nossos resultados apontam a importância da aproximação desses teóricos à realidade dos indivíduos desprovidos da lógica capitalista e neoliberal como uma forma de libertação das desigualdades, condicionamentos sociais e exploração humana.

Anna Martin-Boyle, Aahan Tyagi, Marti A. Hearst et al.

Numerous AI-assisted scholarly applications have been developed to aid different stages of the research process. We present an analysis of AI-assisted scholarly writing generated with ScholaCite, a tool we built that is designed for organizing literature and composing Related Work sections for academic papers. Our evaluation method focuses on the analysis of citation graphs to assess the structural complexity and inter-connectedness of citations in texts and involves a three-way comparison between (1) original human-written texts, (2) purely GPT-generated texts, and (3) human-AI collaborative texts. We find that GPT-4 can generate reasonable coarse-grained citation groupings to support human users in brainstorming, but fails to perform detailed synthesis of related works without human intervention. We suggest that future writing assistant tools should not be used to draft text independently of the human author.

Silvestor Ogwal , Edmand Bakashaba , Edirisa Ntale

Background The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between parent involvement and academic achievements of primary pupils in Kole North County, Kole District.  Methodology The study was a descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional survey research design. Further, it was both quantitative and qualitative. The study used 32 head teachers of primary schools in Kole North County, Kole District as the respondents of this study. Results The findings revealed that 87% of the respondents were males and 13% of the respondents were females. Also, 59.4% of the respondents were aged 41-50 years, 28.1% of the respondents were aged 51-60 years and 12.5% of the respondents were aged 31- 40 years. The correlation between parents’ discussions with pupils and their academic performance in a secondary school within Kole North County was 0.843 with a sig value of 0.001. The correlation between parents’ attendance of school programs and completion of primary education by primary pupils was 0.411 with a sig. value of 0.018. This indicates a positive significant relationship between parents’ attendance of school programs and completion of primary education by primary pupils in North Kole County. Conclusions The education level of parents and parents’ involvement in providing scholastic materials and attending school programs contributes to the academic achievements of their children in Kole North County. Recommendations Parents should strive hard to provide school requirements in time to avoid sending students home as well as lack of scholastic materials. Parents should also do extra coaching of the children using a private tutor to help their children excel with better grades.

Oleksandr Melnyk

This article elucidates the reconstruction of the Soviet security apparatus during World War II in what today is western Ukraine. In late 1943 to early 1944, six operational groups of the People’s Commissariat of State Security of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic headed to the Axis occupied territories with orders to re-establish contacts with Soviet secret agents and create a support infrastructure for the deployment of other operational groups, special purposes units, and individual agents, as well as to infiltrate organizations of Polish and Ukrainian nationalists. The essay examines Soviet special operations within the context of state efforts to project power into the Axis occupied territories. It sheds light on the objectives of Soviet security agencies and on the activities of individual units in the field.

Rasim Volga Ovali, Shakir Ullah, Mehmet Gunay et al.

A local measurement extracts work as a backaction, e.g., in a system of two entangled cavities: first cavity, $a$, comprises a piston and the measurement is carried out on the second cavity, $b$. When no one makes a measurement on the cavity $b$, i.e., it is simply placed in vacuum; environmental monitoring results in the coherent states as the einselected pointer states (the measurement basis) [PRL 70, 1187 (1993)]. This makes the measurement, that nature itself performs, a Gaussian one with a fixed strength $λ=1$. We show that this makes nature assign a \textit{fixed} amount of work to a particular entanglement degree $0\leq ξ(r) \leq 1$, i.e., $W=ξ(r)\times(\bar{n}\hbarω_a)$, nothing that the term in parenthesis is the entire thermal energy. Afterwards, we show that this phenomenon applies quite generally, i.e, not restricted to a two-cavities system. We also touch on the influence of inherited symmterization entanglement in this context. We can arrive an additional phenomenon by considering that work is simply the process of converting randomly moving microscopic ingredients~(vanishing mean-velocity) into a directional one, i.e, with a nonzero mean-velocity. We show that such a change in the character of the motion introduces curvature in spacetime according to general relativity. This phenomenon is the first demonstration of a quantitative relation between entanglement and curvature using solely the quantum optics arguments.

Amin Mohammadi, Afshin Shafiee

A key concept in quantum thermodynamics is extractable work, which specifies the maximum amount of work that can be extracted from a quantum system. Different quantities are used to measure extractable work, the most prevalent of which are ergotropy and the difference between the non-equilibrium and equilibrium quantum free energy. Using the former, we investigate the evolution of extractable work when an open quantum system goes through a general quantum process described by a completely-positive and trace-preserving dynamical map. We derive a fundamental equation of thermodynamics for such processes as a relation between the distinct sorts of energy change in such a way the first and second laws of thermodynamics are combined. We then identify the contributions made by the reversible and irreversible processes in this equation and demonstrate that they are respectively responsible for the heat flow and change in the extractable work during the process. Furthermore, we discuss the potential benefit of this assignment in favor of a clear explanation of the impact of quantum effects on the evolution of extractable work. Specifically, we establish this by directly connecting the extractable work with standard quantifiers of quantum non-Markovianity and quantum coherence during the process. We illustrate these results with two examples.

A. Gnanaprakasam, V. Sivakumar, M. Thirumarimurugan

This paper aims to review the recent works on the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in the presence of nanophotocatalyst. In this regard the effects of operation parameters which could influence the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants (such as catalyst preparation method, initial concentration of organic pollutants, presence of doping, catalyst loading, calcinations temperature, pH, presence of oxidants, UV intensity, temperature, and presence of supports) are discussed. Recent research suggests that the parameters mentioned above have great influence on the photocatalytic activity of prepared nanocatalyst. Also, the general mechanism of photocatalytic degradation and some recent synthesis methods are discussed here.

Leslie Marsh

Hans True, Lasse Engbo Christiansen, Andreas Lindhardt Plesner et al.

Abstract We investigate numerically the dynamical reactions of a moving wheelset model to real measured track irregularities. The background is to examine whether the dynamics are suitable as the input to the inverse problem: determine the true track geometry from measured wheelset dynamical reactions. It is known that the method works well for the vertical position of the rails but the computed lateral position is often flawed. We find that the lateral motion of the wheelset often may differ from the track geometry. The cases are investigated closely but the reasons remain unknown. While the wheelset dynamics reflect the larger (> 4–6 mm) aperiodic track disturbances and single large disturbances quite well, this does not seem to be the case for general smaller or periodic track irregularities or sections behind single large disturbances. The resulting dynamics of a wheelset to lateral track irregularities are in general not sufficiently accurate to be used as the basis for a description of the track irregularities.

Asadullah Al Galib

Bengali literature has a rich history of hundreds of years with luminary figures such as Rabindranath Tagore and Kazi Nazrul Islam. However, analytical works involving the most recent advancements in NLP have barely scratched the surface utilizing the enormous volume of the collected works from the writers of the language. In order to bring attention to the analytical study involving the works of Bengali writers and spearhead the text generation endeavours in the style of existing literature, we are introducing RabindraNet, a character level RNN model with stacked-LSTM layers trained on the works of Rabindranath Tagore to produce literary works in his style for multiple genres. We created an extensive dataset as well by compiling the digitized works of Rabindranath Tagore from authentic online sources and published as open source dataset on data science platform Kaggle.

عبدالله بن عبده بن جردي الحمدي

يهدف البحث إلى إظهار طبيعة الإعلام الإسلامي، وتوضيح معايير مخاطبة الجمهور، والخدمة الإعلامية التي ينبغي أن توجه لهذا الجمهور، وتبيين قواعد صياغة المضــمون الإعلامي للجمهور، والوسائل التي يمكن استعمالها لنقل المضامين الإعلامية، وقد انقسم البحث إلى مقدمة وتمهيد ومبحثين وخاتمة؛ تطرق المبحث الأول إلى طبيعة الإعلام الإسلامي وجمهوره، ودرس المبحث الثاني معايير مخاطبة الجمهور، وتوصل إلى جملة من النتائج منها: أن هذا المنهج هو الذي يجب أن يتبعه القائمون على وسائل الإعلام عند مخاطبتهم لمختلف فئات الجمهور المستقبل وطبقاتهم، وأنه لا وجود له في التطبيق العملي في الدول الإسلامية، إلا في جوانب بسيطة وبرامج محدودة، ينقصها كثير من أساليب الصياغة والمعرفة بحال المخاطبين، وهذه الجوانب لا تمثل شيئًا أمام الكم الهائل من الممارسات الإعلامية الوضعية التي تسود مجتمعاتنا الإسلامية.

Paolo Colombo

Il contributo intende proporre un’indagine sulla militanza antiromantica che caratterizzò per circa un trentennio la produzione letteraria di Bernardo Bellini (1792-1876), attraversando il 1816 della querelle, la breve stagione del «Conciliatore», le diatribe suscitate, nella seconda metà degli anni Venti, dal montiano Sermone sulla mitologia e dai Lombardi alla prima crociata di Tommaso Grossi, fino ai primi anni Quaranta, che lo videro contrapposto, nella Torino di Carlo Alberto, all’esordiente ma già affermato Giovanni Prati. In ognuno di questi scontri, il poligrafo comasco diede prova di una vivace e spesso spregiudicata vena polemica, rivendicando (talora con tardivo accanimento) le ragioni della propria fazione, anche attraverso lo strumentale coinvolgimento di riconosciuti rappresentanti della recente tradizione poetica italiana, come Vincenzo Monti, Ugo Foscolo e Giacomo Leopardi.

Vasily E. Tarasov

For the first time, a general fractional calculus of arbitrary order was proposed by Yuri Luchko in the works Mathematics 9(6) (2021) 594 and Symmetry 13(5) (2021) 755. In these works, the proposed approaches to formulate this calculus are based either on the power of one Sonine kernel, or the convolution of one Sonine kernel with the kernels of the integer-order integrals. To apply general fractional calculus, it is useful to have a wider range of operators, for example, by using the Laplace convolution of different types of kernels. In this paper, an extended formulation of the general fractional calculus of arbitrary order is proposed. Extension is achieved by using different types (subsets) of pairs of operator kernels in definitions general fractional integrals and derivatives. For this, the definition of the Luchko pair of kernels is somewhat broadened, which leads to the symmetry of the definition of the Luchko pair. The proposed set of kernel pairs are subsets of the Luchko set of kernel pairs. The fundamental theorems for the proposed general fractional derivatives and integrals are proved.

Anthony Sicilia, Xingchen Zhao, Seong Jae Hwang

Theoretically, domain adaptation is a well-researched problem. Further, this theory has been well-used in practice. In particular, we note the bound on target error given by Ben-David et al. (2010) and the well-known domain-aligning algorithm based on this work using Domain Adversarial Neural Networks (DANN) presented by Ganin and Lempitsky (2015). Recently, multiple variants of DANN have been proposed for the related problem of domain generalization, but without much discussion of the original motivating bound. In this paper, we investigate the validity of DANN in domain generalization from this perspective. We investigate conditions under which application of DANN makes sense and further consider DANN as a dynamic process during training. Our investigation suggests that the application of DANN to domain generalization may not be as straightforward as it seems. To address this, we design an algorithmic extension to DANN in the domain generalization case. Our experimentation validates both theory and algorithm.

Shulai Zhang, Xiaoli Ma

Designing an efficient difficulty control algorithm is an essential problem in Proof-of-Work (PoW) based blockchains because the network hash rate is randomly changing. This paper proposes a general difficulty control algorithm and provides insights for difficulty adjustment rules for PoW based blockchains. The proposed algorithm consists a two-layer neural network. It has low memory cost, meanwhile satisfying the fast-updating and low volatility requirements for difficulty adjustment. Real data from Ethereum are used in the simulations to prove that the proposed algorithm has better performance for the control of the block difficulty.

Evgeny Kim, Roman Klinger

Emotions are a crucial part of compelling narratives: literature tells us about people with goals, desires, passions, and intentions. Emotion analysis is part of the broader and larger field of sentiment analysis, and receives increasing attention in literary studies. In the past, the affective dimension of literature was mainly studied in the context of literary hermeneutics. However, with the emergence of the research field known as Digital Humanities (DH), some studies of emotions in a literary context have taken a computational turn. Given the fact that DH is still being formed as a field, this direction of research can be rendered relatively new. In this survey, we offer an overview of the existing body of research on emotion analysis as applied to literature. The research under review deals with a variety of topics including tracking dramatic changes of a plot development, network analysis of a literary text, and understanding the emotionality of texts, among other topics. Based on this review, we point to a set of remaining challenges that constitute promising future research directions.