Hasil untuk "Electronics"

D. Khang, Hanqing Jiang, Young Huang et al.

G. Moore

J. Tour

J. Cuevas, E. Scheer

A. Facchetti, Myung-Han Yoon, T. Marks

A. Kara, H. Enriquez, A. Seitsonen et al.

F. Blaabjerg, Marco Liserre, Ke Ma

Dae-Hyeong Kim, R. Ghaffari, N. Lu et al.

Yugang Sun, J. Rogers

B. Bose

Angelo Di Bernardo, Elke Scheer

Van der Waals (vdW) superconductors - atomically thin crystalline materials that can be stacked into more complex heterostructures - have opened a promising avenue for superconducting electronics thanks to their properties that are otherwise difficult to obtain in other superconducting materials. These include strong resilience to high in-plane fields, electrostatic tuneability, and non-reciprocal transport rooted in inversion-symmetry breaking and strong spin-orbit coupling. In addition to highlighting the importance of these properties for superconducting electronics, this review gives an overview over the physical mechanisms that govern and influence superconductivity in vdW materials including Ising pairing, band inversion, and proximity effects at superconductor/ferromagnet interfaces that do not have an equivalent in thin-film systems. This overview then sets the basis to survey the wide range of functionalities enabled by superconducting vdW devices including gate-controlled devices, superconducting diodes, and circuit elements for readout and control of quantum bits. The review concludes with a forward look at wafer-scale growth and deterministic assembly of vdW devices, highlighting concrete pathways that can enable the transition from vdW device prototypes to deployable components for cryogenic electronics and quantum technologies.

Shubham Tyagi, Paresh C. Rout, Shubham Singh et al.

ABSTRACT We investigate the influence of hydrostatic pressure on the physical properties of monolayer FeCl2 for spintronics applications. A phase transition from a ferromagnetic half‐metal to a ferromagnetic semiconductor is unveiled at 4.6 GPa, accompanied by a transition from a non‐polar (1T) to a polar (1H) structure. We demonstrate that hydrostatic pressure elevates the Curie temperature above room temperature (for example, 618 K at 5 GPa) and enhances the magnetic anisotropy energy (for example, 731 μeV per formula unit at 5 GPa). A significant Dzyaloshinskii‐Moriya interaction is present in the 1H structure (due to the broken spatial inversion symmetry) and increases with the hydrostatic pressure. Together with the observation of in‐plane electric polarization (for example, 1.1 pCcm−1 at 5 GPa), this positions the 1H structure as a pioneer in the class of 2D materials. Exploiting the phase transition of monolayer FeCl2, a single‐material magnetic tunnel junction is proposed and an outstanding tunneling magnetoresistance ratio is demonstrated.

Suk-Won Hwang, Jun‐Kyul Song, Xian Huang et al.

Md Eimran Hossain Eimon, Juan Merlos, Ashan Perera et al.

Deep neural networks (DNNs) drive modern machine vision but are challenging to deploy on edge devices due to high compute demands. Traditional approaches-running the full model on-device or offloading to the cloud face trade-offs in latency, bandwidth, and privacy. Splitting the inference workload between the edge and the cloud offers a balanced solution, but transmitting intermediate features to enable such splitting introduces new bandwidth challenges. To address this, the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) initiated the Feature Coding for Machines (FCM) standard, establishing a bitstream syntax and codec pipeline tailored for compressing intermediate features. This paper presents the design and performance of the Feature Coding Test Model (FCTM), showing significant bitrate reductions-averaging 85.14%-across multiple vision tasks while preserving accuracy. FCM offers a scalable path for efficient and interoperable deployment of intelligent features in bandwidth-limited and privacy-sensitive consumer applications.

Zhonglin Guo, Zhijie Liu, Miao Guo et al.

The single-stage transformerless photovoltaic (PV) topology is an attractive configuration as it offers high efficiency, low installation cost and smaller size. For such a configuration, the control algorithm should be designed to track the maximum power point, transform power from PV to grid, and reduce the common-mode voltage (CMV) simultaneously. However, the multi-objective handling problem will lead to degraded performance and slow response speed. In this paper, a model predictive control method with a revised switching states selection algorithm has been developed. The performance of the overall system can be enhanced under various conditions with improved efficiency. Furthermore, the CMV is greatly reduced and constrained to one sixth of the DC-link voltage. In addition, appropriate candidate region selection and pruning mechanism are employed to reduce the calculation burden of MPC. Finally, the performance of the proposed MPC method is verified by the control hardware-in-the-loop approach through OPAL real-time platform under various conditions.

Madhusmita Swain, Durgamadhab Mishra, Gourishankar Sahoo

Abstract Nanoparticles and Nanostructured materials are playing an ever-important role in affordable healthcare, environment remediation, renewable energy, agriculture, consumer electronics, cosmetics etc. However, progress in these sectors has to be sustainable, environmentally friendly and requires sustainable synthesis process of nanoparticles and nanomaterials with net zero toxic byproducts. Therefore, green synthesis techniques are being actively pursued by researchers everywhere. When naturally occurring precursors replace industrially produced chemicals; it is always cost effective and facilitates direct as well as indirect employments to common man. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the few materials which has wide spread application in all of the above sectors due to its unique physical, chemical, optical and electronic properties. In this review, various green synthesis techniques for ZnO nanoparticles used by different researchers in last 5–8 years are discussed and reviewed. In the beginning, the conventional synthesis techniques of ZnO nanoparticles are discussed briefly including ball milling, sol–gel, hydrothermal and precipitation methods. In the second part, different green synthesis techniques are discussed using various plant extracts. Particularly, the use of green tea leaf extracts in ZnO nanoparticle synthesis is discussed in detail. The factors that affect the morphology of nanomaterials are also discussed. Finally, the challenges and issues still remaining to be addressed are outlined with a conclusion. The review will be useful to researchers who want to pursue green synthesis of nanoparticles in general and ZnO in particular as beginners. It will be beneficial to biochemist, biologist, biotechnologist, environmentalist, industrialist and policy makers interested in progress towards sustainable science and technology.

Kyung-In Jang, S. Han, Sheng Xu et al.

Arani Mukhopadhyay, Anish Pal, Congbo Bao et al.

Efficient thermal management in high-power electronics cooling can be achieved using phase-change heat transfer devices, such as vapor chambers. Traditional vapor chambers use wicks to transport condensate for efficient thermal exchange and to prevent "dry-out" of the evaporator. However, wicks in vapor chambers present significant design challenges arising out of large pressure drops across the wicking material, which slows down condensate transport rates and increases the chances for dry-out. Thicker wicks add to overall thermal resistance, while deterring the development of thinner devices by limiting the total thickness of the vapor chamber. Wickless vapor chambers eliminate the use of metal wicks entirely, by incorporating complementary wettability-patterned flat plates on both the evaporator and the condenser side. Such surface modifications enhance fluid transport on the evaporator side, while allowing the chambers to be virtually as thin as imaginable, thereby permitting design of thermally efficient thin electronic cooling devices. While wick-free vapor chambers have been studied and efficient design strategies have been suggested, we delve into real-life applications of wick-free vapor chambers in forced air cooling of high-power electronics. An experimental setup is developed wherein two Si-based MOSFETs of TO-247-3 packaging having high conduction resistance, are connected in parallel and switched at 100 kHz, to emulate high frequency power electronics operations. A rectangular copper wick-free vapor chamber spreads heat laterally over a surface 13 times larger than the heating area. This chamber is cooled externally by a fan that circulates air at room temperature. The present experimental setup extends our previous work on wick-free vapor chambers, while demonstrating the effectiveness of low-cost air cooling in vapor-chamber enhanced high-power electronics applications.

Vo Phuc Tinh, Hoang Hai Son, Nguyen Hoang Nam et al.

In the large-scale deployment of federated learning (FL) systems, the heterogeneity of clients, such as mobile phones and Internet of Things (IoT) devices with different configurations, constitutes a significant problem regarding fairness, training performance, and accuracy. Such system heterogeneity leads to an inevitable trade-off between model complexity and data accessibility as a bottleneck. To avoid this situation and to achieve resource-adaptive FL, we introduce CrossHeteroFL to deal with heterogeneous clients equipped with different computational and communication capabilities. Our solution enables the training of heterogeneous local models with additional computational complexity and still generates a single global inference model. We demonstrate several CrossHeteroFL training scenarios and conduct extensive empirical evaluation, covering four levels of the computational complexity of three-model architectures on two datasets. The proposed mechanism provides the system with non-elementary access to a scattered fit among clients. However, the proposed method generalizes soft handover-based solutions by adjusting the model width according to clients’ capabilities and a tiered balance of data-source overviews to assess clients’ interests accurately. The evaluation results indicate our method solves the challenges in previous studies and produces greater top-1 accuracy and consistent performance under heterogeneous client conditions.

Zhu Lan

This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-024-00152-9