Hasil untuk "Diplomatics. Archives. Seals"

Priyavanshi Pathania, Rohit Mehra, Vibhu Saujanya Sharma et al.

Large Language Models are rapidly gaining traction in software engineering, yet their growing carbon footprint raises pressing sustainability concerns. While training emissions are substantial, inference quickly surpasses them due to the sheer volume of prompts processed. This shift underscores the urgent need for accurate, prompt-level carbon measurement during inference to enable informed, sustainability-focused decision-making. To address the limitations of existing approaches, in this paper, we outline the guiding principles for a novel reference framework for LLM inference carbon estimation that can guide the design of future tools and provide a systematic foundation for advancing sustainability research in this domain. We also introduce SEAL, an early embodiment of these principles that leverages a multi-benchmark-driven approach for per-prompt carbon estimation. Its initial validation shows promising results, positioning SEAL as a foundation for standardized sustainability assessment across the LLM ecosystem.

Sunder Ali Khowaja, Kapal Dev, Engin Zeydan et al.

AI-native 6G networks promise to transform the telecom industry by enabling dynamic resource allocation, predictive maintenance, and ultra-reliable low-latency communications across all layers, which are essential for applications such as smart cities, autonomous vehicles, and immersive XR. However, the deployment of 6G systems results in severe data scarcity, hindering the training of efficient AI models. Synthetic data generation is extensively used to fill this gap; however, it introduces challenges related to dataset bias, auditability, and compliance with regulatory frameworks. In this regard, we propose the Synthetic Data Generation with Ethics Audit Loop (SEAL) framework, which extends baseline modular pipelines with an Ethical and Regulatory Compliance by Design (ERCD) module and a Federated Learning (FL) feedback system. The ERCD integrates fairness, bias detection, and standardized audit trails for regulatory mapping, while the FL enables privacy-preserving calibration using aggregated insights from real testbeds to close the reality-simulation gap. Results show that the SEAL framework outperforms existing methods in terms of Frechet Inception Distance, equalized odds, and accuracy. These results validate the framework's ability to generate auditable and bias-mitigated synthetic data for responsible AI-native 6G development.

Ferdinand Paul Enoka

L’Afrique a une longue tradition dans l’utilisation des animaux pour la guerre et la paix.  Ils sont souvent sources et acteurs involontaires des conflits dans l’ancienne, mais aussi dans l’actuelle Afrique où ils sont utilisés comme sources du pouvoir, combattants, stratèges, boucliers et même juges garant de la paix. Après la guerre, il faut négocier la paix. Là encore, les animaux jouent un rôle essentiel. Ils sont utilisés comme témoins, garants et justiciers de la paix. A ce propos, les exemples d’accords de paix passés en présence de la tortue dans tout le Mbam au Cameroun sont assez illustratifs. A partir des sources écrites, orales, rituelles, iconographiques remontant à l’Égypte pharaonique, nous voulons montrer l’historicité de l’usage de l’animal pour la guerre et la construction de la paix, mais aussi et surtout son rôle dans la conclusion des alliances sacrificielles ainsi que leurs effets plus que millénaires sur les peuples que l’on trouve actuellement en Afrique.

Ana Laura Donegá, Danielle Crepaldi Carvalho

Este artigo investiga as relações transnacionais estabelecidas entre Ferdinand Denis, Varnhagen e Ramiz Galvão, considerando o imaginário de nação que a atividade intelectual desses homens buscava erigir. Assim, toma como objeto de estudo o fundo Ferdinand Denis (Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, Paris). Ademais, busca reconstituir a história da redescoberta do referido acervo, na década de 1950, por Cícero Dias. As reflexões de Le Goff concernentes ao binômio documento/monumento norteiam as análises. Palavras-chave: Ferdinand Denis; transferências culturais; imaginário; documento/monumento.

Vincent Sedogo

La religion et son impact dans le peuplement de Bonam, un village burkinabe situé dans l’Est des royaumes Moose, est un sujet qui montre comment les populations qui se disent « autochtones » du village, à savoir les Yarse et les Yônyôose ont contribué, par le découpage du monde visible et du monde invisible à concevoir la distribution des quartiers de Bonam, en les répartissant d’une part entre les groupes sociaux, et d’autre part entre espace réservé aux vivants et espace réservé aux morts. Cette conception a contribué à forger entre eux un même sentiment de destin commun, susceptible d’inspirer l’actualité.

Zehui Xia, Pia Bhatia, Celia Morral et al.

We report in-situ synthesis of iron oxide particles inside silicon nitride nanopores via a chemical reaction, monitored by current readout. Nanopores were formed by electroporation on glass chips (diameters from 1.7 to 11.3 nm), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) drilling (diameters from 6.5 to 64.6 nm), or hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching (diameters from 12.6 to 36.2 nm) in 5 to 20 nm thick membranes. Nanopores seal on timescales from ~1 ms to ~3.6 s, across a range of sizes and concentrations. We show single and ~5-pore arrays, as fabricated, after sealing, and after cleaning and pore recovery. These results are independent of fabrication method. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), aberration-corrected scanning TEM (AC-STEM), and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) verify the synthesis of mixed magnetite and maghemite iron oxide. This work advances nanoparticle-nanopore chips for applications in biosensing, plasmonics and photonics when position and size control is required.

Keerthana Murugaraj, Salima Lamsiyah, Marten During et al.

Extracting coherent and human-understandable themes from large collections of unstructured historical newspaper archives presents significant challenges due to topic evolution, Optical Character Recognition (OCR) noise, and the sheer volume of text. Traditional topic-modeling methods, such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), often fall short in capturing the complexity and dynamic nature of discourse in historical texts. To address these limitations, we employ BERTopic. This neural topic-modeling approach leverages transformerbased embeddings to extract and classify topics, which, despite its growing popularity, still remains underused in historical research. Our study focuses on articles published between 1955 and 2018, specifically examining discourse on nuclear power and nuclear safety. We analyze various topic distributions across the corpus and trace their temporal evolution to uncover long-term trends and shifts in public discourse. This enables us to more accurately explore patterns in public discourse, including the co-occurrence of themes related to nuclear power and nuclear weapons and their shifts in topic importance over time. Our study demonstrates the scalability and contextual sensitivity of BERTopic as an alternative to traditional approaches, offering richer insights into historical discourses extracted from newspaper archives. These findings contribute to historical, nuclear, and social-science research while reflecting on current limitations and proposing potential directions for future work.

Felix Stoehr, Andrea Farago, Stefan Curiban et al.

With the exponential growth of astronomical data over time, finding the needles in the haystack is becoming increasingly difficult. The next frontier for science archives is to enable searches not only on observational metadata, but also on the content of the observations themselves. As a step in this direction, we have implemented morphological image similarity search into the ALMA Science Archive (ASA). To achieve this we use self-supervised contrastive affine-transformation-independent representation learning of source morphologies with a deep neural network. For a given image on the ASA web interface, astronomers are presented with a summary view of the morphologically most similar images. Each time an astronomer selects an additional image from that view, the display is instantly updated to show the images most similar to the combination of the selected images. Each selection thus refines the similarity display according to the scientific needs of the astronomer. This is the first time image similarity search has been offered in an astronomical science archive.

Cibele Camargos Pereira, Karulliny Silverol Siqueira

O artigo evidencia a trajetória do Museu Imperial de Petrópolis, destacando a composição de seu Arquivo Histórico. A ênfase é conferida ao acervo do Arquivo Grão-Pará, por meio de um estudo de caso acerca da princesa Isabel, enfocando a sua terceira regência. A pesquisa também apresenta as potencialidades da concepção metodológica da Teoria da Avaliatividade para a investigação de acervos pessoais. Palavras-chave: Museu Imperial; Arquivo Grão-Pará; princesa Isabel; terceiro reinado.

Eliana Laurentino, Renato Crivelli, Tiago Braga da Silva

Krzysztof Stencel

W niniejszym artykule omówiono Records in Contexts (RiC), czyli model pojęciowy stworzony przez Międzynarodową Radę Archiwów do opisu zasobów archiwalnych. Model ten sformułowano za pomocą powszechnie stosowanej w informatyce metody modelowania związków encji. W artykule zawarto wprowadzenie do tej metodyki dla archiwistów. Następnie omówiono i zanalizowano zasadnicze elementy RiC. Zainicjowano także proces przekładu RiC na język polski poprzez staranne przetłumaczenie nazw encji tego modelu przy wydatnej pomocy archiwistów z Naczelnej Dyrekcji Archiwów Państwowych (NDAP).

Lucia Santa-Cruz

Humanities research usually relies on journalistic material as documental data. Even if some of these studies use digital material, they were originally physical outlets. As news outlets shift towards digital platforms, it is becoming increasingly challenging to access historical news archives or even current content. This article aims to discuss in what extent this information treatment will affect social science in the future. Keywords: news archives; digital news; digital media; news research.

Bruno Bortoloto do Carmo

Por meio da bibliografia existente e de pesquisa documental, este artigo tem como objetivo buscar os caminhos que o costume do cafezinho percorreu no Rio de Janeiro. Busca compreender como comércios refinados e frequentados pelas elites adquiriram caráter popular em fins do século XIX. Em meio a essa popularização, já na primeira metade do século XX, se buscará entender como o preço do cafezinho afetava a vida cotidiana da cidade e os embates gerados pelo item mais barato dos botequins e cafés fluminenses. Palavras-chave: cafés; botequins; Rio de Janeiro; século XX; século XIX.

Mateus Torres

O artigo insere no debate historiográfico os discursos de diplomatas estadunidenses em atuação no Brasil em relação à ditadura militar brasileira, com destaque para suas avaliações especiais sobre as decisões do STF. Evidencia-se uma dicotomia presente em suas narrativas, divididas entre apoiar uma ditadura violenta e pressionar as autoridades para que ações repressivas aparentassem legalidade, notadamente após a verificação de que alguns ministros da Corte lutaram para recuperar poderes perdidos após o golpe. Palavras-chave: ditadura militar no Brasil; diplomacia norte-americana; Supremo Tribunal Federal.

Èric Śanchez, Adrià Molina, Oriol Ramos Terrades

The use of image analysis in automated photography management is an increasing trend in heritage institutions. Such tools alleviate the human cost associated with the manual and expensive annotation of new data sources while facilitating fast access to the citizenship through online indexes and search engines. However, available tagging and description tools are usually designed around modern photographs in English, neglecting historical corpora in minoritized languages, each of which exhibits intrinsic particularities. The primary objective of this research is to study the quantitative contribution of generative systems in the description of historical sources. This is done by contextualizing the task of captioning historical photographs from the Catalan archives as a case study. Our findings provide practitioners with tools and directions on transfer learning for captioning models based on visual adaptation and linguistic proximity.

Benjamin Elie, David Doukhan, Rémi Uro et al.

This paper studies changes in articulatory configurations across genders and periods using an inversion from acoustic to articulatory parameters. From a diachronic corpus based on French media archives spanning 60 years from 1955 to 2015, automatic transcription and forced alignment allowed extracting the central frame of each vowel. More than one million frames were obtained from over a thousand speakers across gender and age categories. Their formants were used from these vocalic frames to fit the parameters of Maeda's articulatory model. Evaluations of the quality of these processes are provided. We focus here on two parameters of Maeda's model linked to total vocal tract length: the relative position of the larynx (higher for females) and the lips protrusion (more protruded for males). Implications for voice quality across genders are discussed. The effect across periods seems gender independent; thus, the assertion that females lowered their pitch with time is not supported.

Vera Provatorova, Carlotta Capurro, Evangelos Kanoulas

Social network analysis allows researchers to discover insights from connections between people. While the process of building a social network is relatively straightforward for contemporary social media, deriving connections from historical archives remains a challenging task, with every data collection presenting its unique challenges. Our contribution focuses on building and analysing a social network from the correspondence archive of Sybren Valkema (1916-1996), a Dutch glass artist and educator. The archive contains both typewritten and handwritten documents in multiple languages, and includes letters from glass artists, art students, art collectors and other agents. We develop an automatic pipeline approach which includes separating handwritten and typed documents, performing text recognition specific to the document modality, extracting names of people from text using named entity recognition, de-duplicating the resulting names to create actor nodes, classifying the actors using entity linking, and, finally, connecting them together and analysing the resulting network. Every part of the pipeline is evaluated against a manual analysis performed by an art historian on a subset of the data collection in order to find out which pitfalls of the automatic approach need to be resolved in future work and, on the contrary, whether using the automatic approach allows to discover any additional insights. The results show strong performance in discovering sender-receiver connections as well as additional meaningful connections in text, with the main challenge being text recognition on scanned pages.

Chenyao Jiang, Shiyao Zhai, Hengrui Song et al.

Dental caries is one of the most common oral diseases that, if left untreated, can lead to a variety of oral problems. It mainly occurs inside the pits and fissures on the occlusal/buccal/palatal surfaces of molars and children are a high-risk group for pit and fissure caries in permanent molars. Pit and fissure sealing is one of the most effective methods that is widely used in prevention of pit and fissure caries. However, current detection of pits and fissures or caries depends primarily on the experienced dentists, which ordinary parents do not have, and children may miss the remedial treatment without timely detection. To address this issue, we present a method to autodetect caries and pit and fissure sealing requirements using oral photos taken by smartphones. We use the YOLOv5 and YOLOX models and adopt a tiling strategy to reduce information loss during image pre-processing. The best result for YOLOXs model with tiling strategy is 72.3 mAP.5, while the best result without tiling strategy is 71.2. YOLOv5s6 model with/without tiling attains 70.9/67.9 mAP.5, respectively. We deploy the pre-trained network to mobile devices as a WeChat applet, allowing in-home detection by parents or children guardian.

Rogério Zanon da Silveira , Marcelo Calderari Miguel, Jonatan Lappa de Lima

Estudo realizado com três diretores de Arquivos Públicos municipais no Estado do Espírito Santo, que tomam a memória e o esquecimento como protagonistas do processo dinâmico da cultura popular. Busca-se regatar a percepção sobre o direito ao esquecimento, e de como a essa temática repercute em termos de sentidos sociais amplos. A figuração do esquecimento o torna um direito questionável. Assim, pretende-se entender a representação desse contexto na infoera. O diagnóstico é interpretado à luz da etnometodologia corrente: indivíduos constroem a realidade social em que estão inseridos. Os resultados mostram as introjeções de saberes dos dirigentes de arquivos com relação ao direito ao esquecimento nas vias do método de história oral de vida, trazendo relatos de alguns personagens marcantes na correlação desse tema. Conclui que o direito ao esquecimento, perante o período da pandemia da Covid-19, pauta provocações vastas e envolve a democracia e a liberdade de impressa, a comunicação sócio-digital, a privacidade e as questões éticas e o situar da responsabilidade social.