I Gede Agus Kurniawan, Putu Aras Samsithawrati, Princess Alyssa D. Tee-anastacio
Introduction: In the business world, law plays a crucial role as a guideline that maintains stability and justice. However, its implementation often benefits parties with significant influence, necessitating an approach that considers moral and ethical aspects to achieve true justice.
Purposes of the Research: Explore and analyze how the principles of justice and ethics rooted from the perspective of legal philosophy are applied in the practice of business law
Methods of the Research: This study employs a normative legal research method with a conceptual approach, examining legal norms, principles of distributive and commutative justice, and ethical responsibilities in business based on primary and secondary legal sources.
Results Main Findings of the Research: The findings reveal that the principles of justice and ethics in legal philosophy are applied in business law practice by prioritizing distributive and commutative justice, as well as ethical responsibility toward society. Distributive justice seeks to ensure fair business competition and equal opportunities for business actors, while commutative justice guarantees equality of rights and obligations through fair contracts. However, significant challenges remain in implementing justice and business ethics in Indonesia, including weak oversight, the dominance of large corporations, and low awareness of social responsibility.
The rapid integration of AI into business and management demands ethical and responsible technology design and deployment. While various policies and frameworks exist, there is limited understanding of operationalizing responsible artificial intelligence (RAI). The literature remains fragmented, lacking cohesion and clarity. This bibliometric analysis quantitatively evaluates RAI literature’s research trends, key authors, collaborations, and thematic evolution in the business and management domain. A carefully designed search protocol based on an extensive literature review was used to retrieve 1942 research papers from the Scopus database (1981–2025), reflecting a 13.12 % annual growth rate and an average of 25.79 citations per paper. The study applied bibliographic coupling, keyword co-occurrence, and thematic mapping techniques using VOSviewer and Biblioshiny to identify intellectual structures and conceptual linkages. The results reveal four key clusters: ''Ethics and Social Impacts of AI'', ''AI Adoption and Human-AI Interaction'', ''Auditing, Explainability, and Accountability in AI'', and ''Corporate Governance and Data Responsibility in AI''. Future research directions for each cluster are proposed, providing valuable insights for practitioners and academicians. The paper highlights critical implications for developing responsible AI strategies in business and offers guidance for advancing scholarly work in this growing field.
Kishan Jee, Debdas Rakshit, Sabyasachi Mondal
et al.
Background The global shift in corporate philosophy from wealth maximization to share value creation has propelled sustainable finance into the forefront of research endeavours. Despite its significance, the realm of sustainable finance, especially in the context of mergers and acquisitions, remains relatively underexplored. Objective This research intends to identify the gap by conducting a cutting-edge and expansive systematic review, unravelling the intricate layers of sustainable finance concerning mergers and acquisitions. Data source The data source is Web of Science to start with, yielding 41 publications. A similar search on Scopus yielded 52 articles. Not surprisingly, the 41 publications discovered via the Web of Science search were also found in the Scopus results. Study eligibility criteria Papers on business, management, environmental studies, corporate finance, economics, and ethics are featured. Study appraisal and synthesis methods Employing advanced methodologies including machine learning tools, our research delves into domain specific influential papers, top-contributing journals, noteworthy authors, institutions, and nations. By dissecting the context and methodologies employed in scholarly works, we aim to instil a through overview of the current body of knowledge. our study categorizes the selected scholarly research into four distinct objectives, facilitating a nuanced understanding of the diverse perspectives within the field. Each stratum of papers is meticulously analysed and discussed, offering insights into key themes and patterns. To guide future research initiatives, we present a synthesis of pertinent research questions, exploring avenues such as the incorporation of innovative financial instruments like green bonds and artificial intelligence. Results Since the Sustainable Development Goals were introduced in 2016, sustainable finance has become an increasingly important topic in merger and acquisition research. Research is progressing at a rapid pace in China and Australia, while emerging nations are falling behind. In addition, this study specifies the necessity of conducting a more comprehensive examination of the habits of company representatives regarding sustainable investments. This aspect has been neglected in earlier research. Additionally, because global M&As are becoming more common, research on cross-border M&As must take precedence over domestic ones. Finally, there is a gap in the current body of knowledge about greenwashing, green audits, and the use of AI in sustainable finance. Conclusions and implications of key findings Machine learning and big data analytics may help scholars get a more thorough grasp of the historical and present significance of sustainability in M&A. New era researchers may advance the potential yet unexplored topics.
Earnings Management is known to be deliberate manipulation of firm’s financial data by managers. This tends to not only mislead stakeholders but also undermines the integrity of financial reporting. Whilst CSR tend to be improving social, environmental and economic conditions. This also leads to improving reputation of the business and wins trust of stakeholders. The study aims to explore the relationship between CSR and earnings management in context of Pakistani manufacturing companies. The country has a unique economic, political and cultural context which makes this study unique. The stock market of Pakistan is prone to various challenges like information asymmetry, market volatility, regulatory complexities and financial transparency. Although there is democracy in the country, however, the culture of the country is strongly influenced by the Islamic principles which emphasize on ethics and justice. These characteristics make this investigation unique and relevant. A comprehensive data of 1694 observations is used in the study. Jones model is used as a proxy for earnings management which is based on discretionary accruals. The study used control variables including return on assets and growth. The findings of the study reveal that the relationship between CSR and EM is significant but negative.
Ajit Singh, Francis D. Pope, Jonathan Radcliffe
et al.
Abstract Globally, climate change represents the most significant threat to the environment and socio-economic development, endangering lives and livelihoods. Within the UN’s current 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), climate action is explicitly covered under Goal 13, “to take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts”. This perspective considers how to re-frame the SDGs and their successor towards mainstreaming climate action within the targets and indicators of all the development goals.
In the contemporary world, there is a growing need for socially responsible and ethical leadership. Therefore, training future business leaders in the field of professional ethics and social responsibility is an important task of modern university education. To solve it, the participation of scientists and university teachers in the creation and implementation of advanced methods for the development of professional ethics of students is necessary. The aim of the study was to check the effectiveness of training future business leaders in professional ethics at university level using a new methodology created by the authors. In order to verify the hypotheses, an experiment was conducted. Additionally, the questionnaires and tests completed by the participants were analysed. The results of learning according to the new methodology, which confirm the expediency of its use for the development of parameters of professional ethics in future business leaders, are presented. The methodology described in the article can be used by university teachers to train future business leaders, as well as by organizational psychologists to conduct trainings with business leaders and personnel of enterprises and institutions.
Introduction: the article analyzes dissertation research on the problem of
forming the communicative culture of cadets when receiving higher education.
Purpose: based on the analysis of recent dissertation research (Pedagogy) on
the problem of forming communicative culture of cadets studying at institutions
of law enforcement and military orientation, to define key approaches to the
development of the personality of a future specialist in this direction. Methods:
theoretical, theoretical and applied qualitative analysis, generalization,
comparative method. Results: the analysis of dissertation research reveals
key pedagogical conditions for the development of the cadets’ communicative
culture. In addition, the most important and effective forms and methods
of working with cadets, theoretical positions of justification of educational
programs are determined. Conclusions: the communicative culture of a future
officer, compliance with the norms of ethics of business communication,
principles of dialogical communication, and orientation to the highest universal
values boost effectiveness of professional training. The formation of the
interethnic communication culture of cadets presupposes development of
a respectful attitude towards all communication and interaction participants,
regardless of their nationality. This attitude should be based on the principles
of dialogical communication, constructive business interaction, free from the
influence of cultural and ethnic stereotypes, taking into account the specifics of
customs and traditions of representatives of different nationalities and cultures.
The assessment by a future specialist of his/her own activity, his/her behavior,
taking into account aesthetic criteria, serves as the basis for the development of
the ability to choose behaviors, styles of professional activity that correspond to
the best national traditions, according to the laws of harmony and beauty.
The deficit of mineral resources, the aggravation of environmental problems in the world, the decrease in non-renewable resources determined the increasing role of the responsibility of enterprises for the direct and indirect impact on the economic, environmental and social systems of their functioning. The systematization of scientific work in the field of corporate social responsibility showed the lack of comprehensive studies concerning the nature and strength of the impact of direct and latent factors on enterprises’ compliance with the principles of corporate social responsibility. In this research study, we hypothesized that the common contributing factors for corporate social responsibility benefits in the literature such as institutional pressures, market/societal pressures, and structural support are mediated by the factors of stakeholder influence and supervision effect. The data from an empirical survey of 334 corporate executives were collected to test our hypotheses of mediating effects. The partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach was used to test the 11 hypotheses from the research model. The research model is statistically significant with an explanatory power of R2 = 0.468 for the dependent variable CSR benefits. The statistical results show that the direct effects of the three common contributing factors to CSR are not significant. All the standardized path coefficients (β) of direct effects from institutional pressures, market/societal pressures, and structural support to corporate social responsibility benefits are less than 0.1. On the other hand, their effects are significant through the mediating factors of stakeholder influence and supervision. If we characterize stakeholder influence as words and supervision effect as deeds, then words are more significant than deeds (the path coefficient from supervision effect to corporate social responsibility benefits is 0.243, while from stakeholder influence to corporate social responsibility benefits is 0.443). Moreover, if we characterize external pressures as a stick and structural support as carrot, our research results show that stick (0.413 for market/societal pressures, 0.387 for institutional pressures) is more significant than the carrot (0.115) in effectuating corporate social responsibility benefits.
Considering medical students’ experiences gives insights into aspects of their education and socialization to the medical profession that are not visible from official curricula. This article presents the results of a multi-thread focus group study involving medical students studying at three Polish medical universities. The aims of the article are: 1) to describe the surveyed students’ experiences regarding difficulties associated with missing classes and justifying their absence, and; 2) to confront these experiences with their universities’ policies and professional ethics demands that require the development of pro-health attitudes. The practices described by the respondents are considered to constitute an example of a “hidden curriculum”, i.e. the shaping of students’ attitudes not through officially taught content, but, rather, through widespread customs in a given institution. The conclusion is that the medical students’ experiences are inconsistent with Polish law and the regulations of their universities. The described practices also seem to be inconsistent with Article 71 of the Polish Code of Medical Ethics, which prohibits doctors from promoting anti-health attitudes.
For the Orthodox believer, and most Christian denominations, Christian ethics applies to
Christian faith and positive servant leadership motivations based on deep spirituality which is required to link in a manner which allows for the desired principles, standards, and procedures for actions and a set of divinely inspired virtues to be in place with relevance to all economic activity. In the modern world in which we live there is seemingly very little agreement regarding
desired standards of good or ethical behaviour. One’s weltanschauung and culture invariably influence and shape human opinions on business ethics and what constitutes ‘good’ behaviour. There are numerous limitations in modernism when it comes to moral issues and the role religion can play. This article provides a brief explanation of the Christian worldview and the
role of spirituality as an alternate approach to probing ethical matters in business. The Orthodox Christian Holy Bible speaks commandingly and expansively on all aspects of life, including desired conduct in business activities. There is indeed a systematic biblical context which apprises the desired practice in business for the global world of commerce.
The significant roles of agriculture in the economic development of a country are determinative. It has already made a substantial contribution to the economic prosperity of advanced countries. Its role in the economic development of less developed countries is of vital importance. The share of the population working in agriculture is declining as countries develop. While less than 5% of the population does in rich countries work in agriculture, more than two-thirds of the people in poor countries. It is predominantly the huge productivity increase that makes this reduction in labor possible. The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive picture of the situation of agriculture in the European Union from 2010 to 2019, with a particular focus on agricultural income and labor force developments. The number of employed in agriculture has decreased globally (by almost -14%) and in the European Union (by nearly -19%). The added value of agriculture has grown at a similar rate worldwide (by almost +22%) and in the European Union (by almost +23%). Indicators of agricultural income showed indicator A an increase of 25.56%, indicator B 39.11% and index C 20.39% in 2017 compared to 2010. In 2019 the gross value added in agriculture was the most significant in Germany, Spain, France, and Italy. Together, the four countries accounted for 42% gross value added in agriculture of EU-28. Indicator A, B and C of agricultural income showed in 2019 the most significant positive change in Bulgaria, in Denmark and Romania. Employment in agriculture was the highest in Poland and Romania in 2019. Several reasons can explain the differences in the development of agricultural performance in each European Union country. These reasons can be grouped. On the one hand, the location varies from country to country. Due to their different locations, their climatic, natural and ecological conditions are different. Another important difference is the size of the states. On the other hand, the structure and organization of society are different. Thirdly, the economic situation and status of each country are different.
An integral component of successful entrepreneurial activity is the establishment of strong relations with partners, the form and type of which varies depending on the sphere of activity and its scope. Considering that a prerequisite for a business partnership is constant communication, the style, and quality of which mainly determines the success of doing business, the development of business communication skills becomes an object of continuous research by both scientists and enterprise managers. The main goal of this study was to examine the role and the importance of business partnerships in Google Trends. Another goal of the study was to look at how often the term business partnership appears in Google books, with the help of Google Books Ngram Viewer, as well as in a database of Science Direct, with the help of Science Direct’s search function. The top year of the interest frequency of business partnership was 2004 in the Google Trends worldwide in business and industry categories. The bottom year of interest frequency was 2006. The geographic analysis revealed that most people searched in Botswana, in Jamaica, in Zimbabwe, in Ghana, and Uganda for the term business partnership. Interestingly, these countries are all located on the African continent, except Jamaica. Most people searched in Accra, in Nairobi, in Manila, in Quezon City, and Cebu for the term business partnership. The results of the bibliometric analysis of the relationship of business partnerships with other categories made it possible to conclude that people (mostly from the Philippines, Ethiopia, the USA, Canada, and Kenya) inquired about the joint venture and limited partnership. The conducted study revealed that from 1950 to 1970, the frequency of appearance of business partnership in the Google Books` database has been decreasing continuously. From 1972 the frequency has been growing gradually, then from 2006, the frequency has been decreasing gradually. The use of the term “business partnership” shows in the Science Direct a second-degree polynomial growing trend. Summarizing all these results, we can conclude that while people in developing countries in Africa and Jamaica were most sought for expressing business partnerships, people in developed countries were more interested in types of business partnerships.
This study examines the cultural immersion experience of 26 students who participated in either a study abroad program (SAP) or global service learning program (GSL). Specifically, the study investigates the transformative learning before, during, and after cultural immersion and the impact it had on participants’ attitudes toward diverse others. The findings indicate that attitude change during and after the cultural immersion experience is a multi-dimensional and unique process that differs for individuals. Additionally, the results suggest that during cultural immersion, certain program factors and personal factors are essential for transformative learning to occur. These factors include intentionality in pre-immersion preparation, the intensity of cultural immersion, and willingness to engage in reflection during post-immersion.
Some problems of accounting professionals in Turkey were solved with the introduction of Law on Public Accountants, Certified Public Accountants and Sworn-in Certified Public Accountants in 1989. However, many other problems still remain to be solved for accountants in Turkey as of 2018. There were two main objectives of this study. The first one was to identify the problems faced by accounting professionals living in Istanbul, Turkey and the second one was to come up with solutions for these problems. The eesearch took advantage of questionnaire methodology. According to research findings, accounting occupation doesn’t have a professional identity in Turkey. Also, accounting education given in universities is perceived as inadequate. The leading reason why accounting professionals are only considered as bookkeepers in Turkey is knowledge defficiencies. The main motivation behind choosing the accountant career path is commercial (monetary). The leading reason for lack of confidence against accountants in Turkey is ignorance of accounting ethics. Lack of practice is the leading deficiency concerning accounting education in Turkey. This is followed by insufficient accounting ethics education. Leading problems of accounting professionals in Turkish business life are economical. Our literature review shows that, expectations from public authorities, professional accounting chambers and bodies increase to solve the problems of accounting professionals. Thus, the suggested solutions by this study to eliminate determined problems of accounting professionals should be evaluated and considered by public authorities, professional accounting chambers and bodies. Moreover, effective communication, coordination and agreement on legal arrangements must be present among accounting professionals, chambers, bodies and public authorities to solve the problems of accounting professionals residing in Istanbul, Turkey.
Muhammad Iqbal Birsyada, Juang Kurniawan Syahruzah
Yogyakarta is one of Javanese cultural centers that still exist both nationally and internationally. Historically, social and cultural developments in the pre-Independence era until the Reformation era experienced significant social change. This research wants to analyze and find the process of social change in Yogyakarta. Selo Soemardjan's perspective approach was used in analyzing social change in the pre-Independence era in Yogyakarta. While at the contextual level of social phenomenology analysis used in analyzing the development of social change in Yogyakarta in the post-independence period. The findings in this study are that Yogyakarta experienced a sense of value and culture in the pre-independence and post-independence period. Yogyakarta people who previously put great ethical values of Javanese culture has shifted to the culture of consumptive, business and hedonist. The role of the Sultan and the government is less strong in stemming the various global currents that enter the territory of Yogyakarta. Social control is weak in building and stemming cultural values that are not in accordance with the ethical norms of the old Yogyakarta community. Suggestion of this research is socialization of social and cultural system strengthening from local government to the smallest level of society and family. Second, the need for government to work together with social organizations and religious communities in strengthening cultural identity, ethics and religious norms of society
The purpose of this paper is to analyze and discuss what ethical things that have been applied as standard in sharia banking business practice in Indonesia, especially in practice. Object and setting the location of research on Syari'ah Banking in Kudus, Pati and Jepara with a research sample of 27 customers and 7 managers of Bank Syari'ah. Based on the study of business ethics theory, the results of the author's analysis on the syari'ah banking practices that are shown by the sample found results: first, sharia bankers have been able to face friendships with consumers and stakeholders. Secondly, bankers have good personal morality and are not responsible for complicated matters, especially when there are regulatory changes from the parent bank. Third, bankers have less individual interest (self interest) in him. The authors hope that this paper can be a source and reference both philosophically and good practice for regulators and practitioners of syari'ah banking so that the operational banking syari'ah in Indonesia to be better and professional. Limitations in this study are limited samples and population areas that are too narrow so that less generalize and still have to be tested again.
Tujuan dalam penulisan ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan membahas nilai-nilai etika apa sajakah yang selama ini diterapkan sebagai standar dalam praktik bisnis perbankan syariah di Indonesia, terutama dalam mengatasi permasalahan operasional teknis dilapangan berbasis pada studi ekplorasi. Obyek dan setting lokasi penelitiannya pada Perbankan Syari’ah di Kabupaten Kudus, Pati dan Jepara dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 27 orang nasabah dan 7 manajer Bank Syari’ah. Berdasarkan kajian teori etika bisnis, hasil analisis penulis pada praktik perbankan syari’ah sebagaimana yang di tunjukkan oleh sampel ditemukan hasil: pertama, para bankir syariah telah mampu bersikap friendship dengan para konsumen maupun stakeholder. Kedua, para bankir telah memiliki personal morality yang bagus tetapi kurang bertanggung jawab pada masalah-masalah yang rumit, terlebih ketika ada perubahan regulasi dari bank induknya. Ketiga, para bankir kurang memiliki ketertarikan individual (self interest) dalam dirinya. Penulis berharap agar tulisan ini dapat menjadi sumber dan rujukan baik secara filosofis maupun praktik baik bagi regulator maupun praktisi perbankan syari’ah agar operasional perbankan syari’ah di Indonesia menjadi lebih baik dan profesional. Keterbatasan dalam penelitian ini adalah keterbatasan sampel dan wilayah populasi yang telalu sempit sehingga kurang men-generalisasi temuan dan masih harus di uji kembali.
Mahmoud Abdulai Mahmoud, Charles Blankson, Robert E. Hinson
Abstract The aim of this study is to develop a comprehensive framework and propositions showing the integration of market orientation (MO) as an economic-oriented strategy and corporate social responsibility (CSR), as a socially–oriented strategy for business performance (BP). A review of literature on the three constructs of MO, CSR and BP facilitated the development of the framework and a number of research propositions. An integrated conceptual framework of economic and social strategies is constructed based on prior conceptualisation of MO and CSR. In total, twenty-six (26) propositions are developed based on the integrated conceptual framework. An empirical examination of the model will clarify further, relations among the variables and then authenticate the developed model and propositions. The study provides practitioners with a framework and the accompanying propositions for decision making with respect to their strategic choices and performance. The conceptual framework and the proposition developed when implemented are expected to enhance both the firm and customer value which has a wider implication for the society. The novelty in this research is the common antecedents of both MO and CSR. This research augments the few studies on the integration of MO and CSR.
Social responsibility of business, Business ethics