Hasil untuk "Biography"

Fahmi Moh Ansori, Muhammad Arman Al Jufri, Muhammad Hidayat et al.

Writing the history of science in the Islamic world has become a study among Orientalists and Muslim scholars themselves. One of the scientists who focused on the study was Fuat Sezgin. His work in the field of history of science was a major influence on the recognition by Orientalists of the splendor of science in the Islamic world. Fuat Sezgin is popular among researchers in Indonesia for his critical studies of hadith, but pays little attention to the study of the history of science. He has major works that have influenced the development of writing the history of science among Eastern and Western scholars, especially Orientalists. This article uses an intellectual biography writing model, using a historical approach, using heuristics, verification, interpretation and historiography steps. This article adds to the scientific treasures in order to introduce Fuat Sezgin and his contribution to writing the history of science in the Islamic world. Fuat Ssezgin's contribution to writing the history of science in the Islamic world is recognized by eastern and western scholars. First, he was a continuation and complement to the studies of the history of science by Orientalists such as Carl Brocklemann and Helmut Ritter. Secondly, Fuat Sezgin presents authoritative primary sources that can be used as material for philological studies of Islamic science manuscripts. Third, he is not only limited to theory in the realm of research. However, he established a museum and institution that focused on the study of Islamic science.

Nadia Butt

This work of life writing aims to piece together my late father, Muhammad Iftikhar Butt, who passed away on 20 of September 1996, in Lahore, Pakistan, when I was a teenager. A loss of a parent is a great tragedy and an emotional trauma, but this tragedy and trauma are deeper when the child has not mourned the loss but has erased it from its memory. By pondering father-daughter relationships in patriarchal cultures and gender dynamics in nuclear families, I re-member the forgotten bits of the past not only to mourn my father after more than two decades but also to commemorate the extraordinary phases of his fatherhood. Since my father has left behind no traces of his past life, the only way to bring him back to life is through my words – written words. With the help of shards and scraps of memory – some vivid, some fading – I seek to put the fragments of his life together to understand him long after his death due to my inability to understand him in his life. Indeed, I finally manage to re-collect him and see him as a person rather than a parent.

Katarzyna Gołos-Dąbrowska

The main purpose of this article is to analyze Krystian Lupa’s production The City of Dream (TR Warsaw, 2012), based on the novel The Other Side by Alfred Kubin, relative to the work of Federico Fellini. The Polish director, who very often refers to the medium of film in his theatre productions, this time turned to the work of Federico Fellini. One of the themes of the play is the process of making a fictional documentary film by the Italian director. Lupa refers to Fellini’s work by stylizing some scenes from his films. He “borrows” characters from the filmmaker’s motion pictures and the Italian’s biography. He also adapts scenes from Fellini’s feature films and commercials. The purpose of the text is to highlight, analyze, and interpret the intertextual references found in the play.

Marta Vaculínová

Ignaz Cornova and his biography of Bohuslav of Lobkowicz and Hassenstein. The varied and contradictory perception of the personality and work of Bohuslav of Lobkowicz and Hassenstein in the early modern period was symbolically crowned in the Enlightenment by Ignaz Cornova’s biography, which is still the most comprehensive work dedicated to Hassenstein. After a brief recapitulation of research and the state of knowledge before Cornova, the study examines his approach to the material and the main substantive and formal features of his biography. Older Latin literature dealing with humanism plays an important role, as do contemporary models from the European literatures of the Enlightenment. Cornova’s work partly follows the traditional chronological approach, but several timeless chapters emerge from it, driven both by an interest in Bohuslav as an individual and by a desire to make a purposeful pedagogical impact on the reader. His aim was to present a rounded and engaging picture of Hassenstein’s life and literary output, based on his surviving works, especially his poems and correspondence, tastefully and without distracting remarks and comments. Ludwig Schubart, for example, with his biography of the German humanist Ulrich von Hutten, could have been a model for him in this respect. Brief mention is also made of the critical reviews of Cornova’s work, which he himself deals with in the preface to Hassenstein’s biography. A separate section is devoted to a comparison of the selection of poems translated by Cornova and his contemporaries Thám, Vinařický and Budík. Although the biography was considered Cornova’s most important work in his lifetime, was cited and received positive feedback, it is not very useful for contemporary research, unlike the works of Josef Truhlář, who was a few decades younger. From a scholarly point of view it falls short of contemporary demands and as a literary work is even more outdated, although (or perhaps because) it reflected the literary trends of the time.

Sara Talal Ali -, Prof. Dr. Ibrahim Rajab Abdullah -

Philosophy's relationship with Sufi thinking is a simulation of both sides of human understanding. Consideration, logic, and inference are all mental aspects. And there's a spiritual side in which a person senses and accepts the existence of a vast metaphysical force that governs the entire world. With the abstract intellect, no human being can grasp the nature of this force and this unseen realm. As a result, most civilizations and people have attempted to explain this through religion in order to satisfy this spiritual side. Sufism was one of the highest and purest incarnations of Islam, since it represented the transcendent spiritual part of the religion to match the sensible side of worship and transactions. For Muslim philosophers, Islamic mysticism represented a meeting point between religion and philosophy. Although philosophy and Sufism are not the same However, they share many topics, difficulties, and dilemmas, such as ethics, beyond nature (theology, and prescient), and knowledge, particularly since some philosophers accepted the illuminating knowledge that relies on intuition and taste. As a result, mystical philosophers like Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, and Ibn Tufayl, as well as Sufi philosophical intellectuals like Ibn Arabi, Ibn Saba'in, and others, appeared in our Islamic civilization. Ibn Bajja,was our topic here , he was one of those thinkers whose philosophy had a strong influence on mystical thought , despite what was said about his commitment to rational knowledge and his criticism of Sufi strategies for realizing the truth. In this research after this introduction, we dealt with Ibn Baja's personal and scientific biography in the first topic, and in the second section, we dealt with the Sufi impact on Ibn Baja's cognitive aspect, and we concluded this research with a conclusion. 

Lena Hoffmann

In the last 15 to 20 years a lot of celebrities have published novels and or picture books for children and adolescents. This article will contextualise this international phenomenon within a theoretical framework of celebrity studies and research on life writing and intermediality. As will be shown, these literary texts for young people by celebrities represent an intermedial life writing that combines texts, illustrations, photographs and forms of online and offline self-curating as well. It is especially the picture book that seems to carry an archival function with respect to the authors’ lives. Here, the celebrities tell about themselves in words and images, they stage themselves as private and authentic persons. Understanding children’s and adolescents’ literature as part of intergenerational communication, these literary texts show different kinds of strategies to prolong the knowledge of a public person in societies’ collective memories.

Юрий Зарецкий

In 1699, on the initiative of Peter the Great, the printing of Russian secular books began in Amsterdam, most of which were textbooks: on history, arithmetic, astronomy, navigation, and foreign languages. The compiler, translator, and publisher of these books was a native of the lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Ilya Fedorovich Kopievsky (or Kopievich). For many decades, historians have turned to the biography of this man, but it is still full of gaps and factual errors. The article summarizing the various information about Kopievsky available today (from archival documents to the latest works of historians) contains a detailed reconstruction of his life path. It also includes materials to return to the question of the contribution of this enlightener to the cultural reforms of Peter the Great.

Moiseenok A. G.

The article highlights the main facts biography and professional activities of F. S. Larin, Doctor of Biological Sciences, a graduate of the Grodno State Medical Institute, director of the Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.

Cornelia RADA, Mihai ANDREI

Objectives. Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative colitis (UC), the main Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), need surgery in many cases, despite the treatment. This study aims to extend the knowledge regarding the psychological component of IBD. Material and methods. In 2015, eight questionnaires were filled in and deep psychosocial anamnesis, semi-structured interview and observation were performed, to reconstitute the biography and critical incidents of a patient suffering from IBD since 1978. Results. During the analysed period, the patient was under the impact of five main negative stressors: death of a close relative, illnesses, marriage, changes of the eating habits, and difficulties in her own personal achievement which were experienced as catastrophic and humiliating. The patient’s life story indicates perfectionism as an irrational self-defeating belief. The anxiety was slightly elevated according to Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. By Woodworth-Mathews Personal Data Sheet, except for the score from instability that was normal, scales limit scores were recorded for the other 7. Scores to Aggression Questionnaire were medium at the physical one and high at the verbal one. Jenkins Activity Survey has revealed that the patient is never late, is too active and acts immediately under stress. Conclusions. The treatment strategy for IBD patients should be based on a multidisciplinary approach involving the gastroenterologist, nutritionist, surgeon, family doctor, and the psychologist. The psychologist should explore the lifestyle, existential major events, perceived stress, coping mechanisms, etc. of which might draw conclusions regarding the onset and the progression of the disease.

Nikolay Bogomolov, Alexander Sobolev

For the first time all Alexander Alexeevich Kondratiev's letters to Valery Bryusov are published. A reflection of relationships between two poets, they are far more valuable, representing a very rich material on the history of Russian modernism in general. Persons and literary events mentioned are provided with extensive comments which incorporate these documents into the cultural context of the epoch. Considering the absenсe of response letters (which are presumably lost with the rest of Kondratiev's papers), these letters are of paramount importance for the reconstruction of Bryusov's biography.

Marcin Gońda

Poland has been traditionally a sending migration country. However, in recent years it receiv€es slowly growing number of return migrants. Among returnees arriving from the post-Soviet successor states the dominant group are youngsters who enroll for studies at Polish universities. The purpose of this autobiographical narrative interviews- based study is to present, firstly, the institutional conditions of conducting studies by Polish diaspora members. Particular attention is given to the latter’s arrivals as part of Poland’s return migration policy. Secondly, the article investigates biographical stories and aims at comparing two young Poles’ return paths to the ancestral homeland. It reconstructs their mobility stages in order to specify (1) relations between migration experience and transformation of their national identification and (2) impact of migration experience on their whole biography (biographical relevance). Since they stem from families of multi-ethnic background and relocate to a seemingly known place where only part of their predecessors come from, the concept of “roots migration” is utilised for the purpose of this study.

Clare Brant

A Festschrift for Philippe Lejeune

Agnieszka Czyżak

Topo-biographical strategies of Piotr Paziński The main aim of the article is an interpretation of novels written by Piotr Paziński – especially Birds’ streets (Ptasie ulice) from 2013, but also Guesthouse (Pensjonat) from 2009. In his prose the author is always searching for traces of Jewish identity and memory of the war-time in contemporary Warsaw (and its surroundings). His literary strategy is a kind of spatial obsession – he exhibits places: destroyed, ruined or removed as a sign of lost memory about Jewish history in Polish space. Individual identity of characters created in his novels (as well as possibly his own self-identification) is formed during the recognition of places connected with singular biography and common history.

Myroslav Laiuk

Vasyl Herasymiuk, one of the most prominent contemporary Ukrainian poets, presents the struggle of the insurgents against the Soviet occupiers in the Carpathians in his literary works as an opposition of “own” and “other.” The invasion of the occupier destroys the authentic Carpathian cultural continuum and the insurgent underground resistance becomes a symbol of the human struggle for dignity and the preservation of own identity. The article analyzes the specific model of history presented in Vasyl Herasymiuk’s poetry. The connection between the insurgency and the poet’s biography and the history of his family is demonstrated. The article also traces and analyzes the contamination of the images of UPA insurgents and opryshky, the transformation in the hierarchical verticality of space, and the development of the struggle, presented via the opposition of “own” – “other,” from a myth-ritual point of view.

Anna Nasiłowska

This issue brings together ongoing research on a variety of positions and theoretical turns as outlined above. New inspirations demand deeper and further research. Another problem is the need for further research in philology and biography. Theoretical impulses were not the reason for the rebirth of biographical writing in Poland, which for several years now has enjoyed immense popularity among readers.

Conrad Gietman

Claudia Amuedo

Las inhumaciones dentro de vasijas son uno de los fenómenos arqueológicos más extendidos en el noroeste argentino. En este trabajo se estudian los entierros de infantes en vasijas del período Intermedio Tardío en el valle Calchaquí Norte (provincia de Salta, Argentina). A partir de los análisis realizados sobre los contenedores cerámicos, las tapas y los restos humanos, pudo determinarse que los objetos participaron en otras actividades antes de formar parte de las tumbas, como tareas ligadas a la preparación de alimentos. Por el lado de los análisis osteológicos, se estableció el rango etario de los sujetos no mayor a tres años de vida. Con ello se pudo comprender que el contexto mortuorio es una combinación de elementos con caminos biográficos diferentes dentro los poblados prehispánicos: vasijas socializadas con amplios recorridos dentro de las casas, y niños que han fallecido antes de completar su integración a la comunidad. Estas trayectorias nos hablan de la constitución de la subjetividad en el pasado calchaquí, donde algunos pueden o no ser personas, tanto objetos como sujetos, al igual que sucede en otras ontologías no modernas, como la andina. Palabras claves: infantes - vasijas - biografías - personas - ontología andina. Abstract Burials inside ceramic vessels are one of the most widespread archaeological phenomena in northwestern Argentina. In this paper we analyze infant burials in vessels from the Late Intermediate Period in the North Calchaquí Valley (Salta, Argentina). Analyses of the ceramic vessels, lids, and human remains enabled us to determine that the objects were used for other activities before entering the tombs, as tasks related to food preparation. The osteological analysis established the age of the subjects to be no more than three years at the time of death. This information indicates that the mortuary context is a combination of elements with different biographical trajectories within prehispanic settlements, such as socialized vessels with ample trajectories inside the dwellings, and children who have passed on before completing their integration into the community. These trajectories tell us about the constitution of subjectivity in past Calchaquí society, where some may or may not be people, both as objects and as subjects, similar to other non-modern Andean ontologies. Key words: infants - vessels - biography – persons - Andean ontology.

Marie Pecorari

Suddenly Last Summer dramatizes a hermeneutic problem recurrently presented in Williams’ critical writings: the separation (or absence thereof) between art and life. While the truth about Sebastian Venable’s death seems to be revealed (even if it turns out to be dubious), the possible connection of biography and work remains an unanswered issue, although Violet’s stance hinges on this postulate. Using an outwardly simplistic binary framework, Williams in reality builds a network of chiasmatic connections that cancel each other out and render any definite conclusion ineffective. The efficiency of the aporetic demonstration is reinforced by its strict avoidance of didacticism.

J. Fulton

Rita Horvay

Between 1976 and 1989, about 60,000 East German citizens were in political detention in the former GDR, a fact which was disclaimed by the GDR government. In this article, I focus on the auto-biographies which were collected by the use of narrative interviews. How do people who were politically persecuted and imprisoned remember their detainment now? Are they able to integrate this event in their life history and talk about it in their social environment? On the basis of biographical case-reconstructions and global analysis, I present four types of memory and biographical work. The analysis shows that the limited reprocessing prior to 1989 as well as the political discourse after 1990 about the GDR past produced a politicization of their imprisonment by the biographers, for example, in the construction of their identity as a political opponent. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs110218