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S2 Open Access 1997
English with an Accent: Language, Ideology and Discrimination in the United States

Rosina L. Lippi-Green

Preface Introduction: Language Ideology or Science Fiction? 1. The Linguistic Facts of Life 2. Language in Motion 3. The Myth of Non-Accent 4. The Standard Language Myth 5. Language Subordination 6. The Educational System: Fixing the Message in Stone 7. Teaching Children How to Discriminate (What We Learn From the Big Bad Wolf) 8. The Information Industry 9. Real People with a Real Language: The Workplace and the Judicial System 10. The Real Trouble with Black English 11. Hillbillies, Hicks & Southern Belles: The Language Rebels 12. Defying Paradise: Hawai'i 13. The Other In The Mirror 14. !Ya Basta! 15. The Unassimilable Races: What It Means To Be Asian 16. Case Study: Moral Panic in Oakland 17. Case Study: Linguistic Profiling and Fair Housing 18. Conclusions: Civil (Dis)obedience And The Shadow of Language Glossary Bibliography I Bibliography II

1319 sitasi en Political Science
S2 Open Access 2020
Unified Medical Language System

P. Sinha, Gaur Sunder, Prashant Bendale et al.

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction UMLS-Supported Coding Systems UMLS Architecture UMLS Licensing Discussion Conclusion Bibliography

526 sitasi en Computer Science
arXiv Open Access 2026
Compatibility of Drinfeld presentations and $q$-characters for affine Kac-Moody quantum symmetric pairs: quasi-split case

Jian-Rong Li, Tomasz Przezdziecki

Let $(\mathbf{U}, \mathbf{U}^\imath)$ be a quasi-split affine quantum symmetric pair of type $\mathsf{AIII}$. This case is of particular interest thanks to the existence of geometric realizations and Schur--Weyl dualities. We establish factorization and coproduct formulae for the Drinfeld--Cartan series $\boldsymbolΘ_i(z)$ in the Lu--Pan--Wang--Zhang `new Drinfeld'-style presentation, generalizing the split type results from [Prz23, LP25a]. As an application, we construct a boundary analogue of the $q$-character map, and show that it is compatible with Frenkel and Reshetikhin's original $q$-character homomorphism.

en math.QA, math-ph
arXiv Open Access 2026
On the closed neighborhood ideal of the square of the path graph

Anda Olteanu, Oana Olteanu

We consider the closed neighborhood ideal of square of the path graph and study some of its algebraic and homological invariants. We compute the height, the projective dimension and the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity. We prove that these ideals are sequentially Cohen-Macaulay and characterize when they are Cohen-Macaulay.

en math.AC, math.CO
arXiv Open Access 2025
Can Machine Learning Agents Deal with Hard Choices?

Kangyu Wang

Machine Learning ML agents have been increasingly used in decision-making across a wide range of tasks and environments. These ML agents are typically designed to balance multiple objectives when making choices. Understanding how their decision-making processes align with or diverge from human reasoning is essential. Human agents often encounter hard choices, that is, situations where options are incommensurable; neither option is preferred, yet the agent is not indifferent between them. In such cases, human agents can identify hard choices and resolve them through deliberation. In contrast, current ML agents, due to fundamental limitations in Multi-Objective Optimisation or MOO methods, cannot identify hard choices, let alone resolve them. Neither Scalarised Optimisation nor Pareto Optimisation, the two principal MOO approaches, can capture incommensurability. This limitation generates three distinct alignment problems: the alienness of ML decision-making behaviour from a human perspective; the unreliability of preference-based alignment strategies for hard choices; and the blockage of alignment strategies pursuing multiple objectives. Evaluating two potential technical solutions, I recommend an ensemble solution that appears most promising for enabling ML agents to identify hard choices and mitigate alignment problems. However, no known technique allows ML agents to resolve hard choices through deliberation, as they cannot autonomously change their goals. This underscores the distinctiveness of human agency and urges ML researchers to reconceptualise machine autonomy and develop frameworks and methods that can better address this fundamental gap.

en cs.AI
arXiv Open Access 2025
Toric geometry of generalized Kähler-Ricci solitons

Vestislav Apostolov, Giuseppe Barbaro, Jeffrey Streets et al.

We establish a local equivalence between toric steady Kähler-Ricci solitons and $A$-type toric generalized Kähler-Ricci solitons (GKRS). Under natural global conditions we show this equivalence extends to complete GKRS, yielding a general construction of new examples in all dimensions. We show that in four dimensions, all GKRS are either described by the generalized Kähler Gibbons-Hawking ansatz, or have split tangent bundle, or are $A$-type toric. This yields a local classification in four dimensions, together with a conjecturally exhaustive construction of complete symplectic-type examples.

en math.DG, math.CV
arXiv Open Access 2025
The Tower of Hanoi: Optimality Proofs, Multi-Peg Bounds, and Computational Frontiers

Qi Junyi

The Tower of Hanoi continues to provide a surprisingly rich meeting point for recursive reasoning, combinatorial geometry, and computational verification. Motivated by the editorial standards of the Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society, we revisit the classical three-peg problem through Sierpinski-style self-similarity, bring Stockmeyer's uniqueness argument into a modern invariant-based framework, and then pivot to four pegs via the Frame-Stewart strategy and Bousch's optimality proof. The heart of this note is a cautionary data-and-proof cycle: the balanced split k = floor(n/2) is indeed optimal for n <= 8, but our corrected tables show that it already exceeds the optimal cost by 20% at n = 9, crosses the 1.5 mark at n = 13, and comes close to quadrupling the optimum by n = 20. We complement this diagnosis with a subtower-independence lemma, a reproducible table for n <= 15, three publication-ready TikZ figures (recursion arrow, four-peg state diagram, and multi-peg growth curves), and a bibliography exceeding thirty sources that foreground Bulletin and Gazette contributions. The concluding section reframes the open problems as robustness tests for heuristics rather than premature theorems.

en math.CO
arXiv Open Access 2025
Citation Recommendation using Deep Canonical Correlation Analysis

Conor McNamara, Effirul Ramlan

Recent advances in citation recommendation have improved accuracy by leveraging multi-view representation learning to integrate the various modalities present in scholarly documents. However, effectively combining multiple data views requires fusion techniques that can capture complementary information while preserving the unique characteristics of each modality. We propose a novel citation recommendation algorithm that improves upon linear Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) methods by applying Deep CCA (DCCA), a neural network extension capable of capturing complex, non-linear relationships between distributed textual and graph-based representations of scientific articles. Experiments on the large-scale DBLP (Digital Bibliography & Library Project) citation network dataset demonstrate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art CCA-based methods, achieving relative improvements of over 11% in Mean Average Precision@10, 5% in Precision@10, and 7% in Recall@10. These gains reflect more relevant citation recommendations and enhanced ranking quality, suggesting that DCCA's non-linear transformations yield more expressive latent representations than CCA's linear projections.

en cs.IR, cs.LG
DOAJ Open Access 2025
Librarians' nonverbal communication in user services at the University of Pamulang Library

Dina Rahadatul Hasanah, Nurul Hayati

Introduction. This study examines the nonverbal communication of circulation librarians at Universitas Pamulang (UNPAM) Library, prompted by user complaints of unfriendly expressions, minimal eye contact, and reluctant body language. The research aims to understand how librarians use nonverbal cues when serving users. Methods. A qualitative case study approach was employed, using observation, interviews, documentation, and literature review with four users and one librarian. Data validity was ensured through triangulation. Analysis involved data reduction, display, and conclusion, interpreting nonverbal elements (gestures, facial expressions, posture) using kinesics theory. Results and Discussion. Librarians used head orientation, hand gestures, facial expressions, and posture to convey attentiveness and professionalism. Eye contact was maintained through head direction, gestures guided users, and body position fostered comfortable interactions. However, high workload occasionally impacted the quality of these nonverbal cues. Conclusion. Nonverbal communication significantly influences user perceptions and comfort during library services. Training in nonverbal communication and ergonomic workspace arrangements are recommended to enhance service quality.

Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
arXiv Open Access 2024
Microelectronic readout of a diamond quantum sensor

Daniel Wirtitsch, Georg Wachter, Sarah Reisenbauer et al.

Quantum sensors based on the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centre in diamond are rapidly advancing from scientific exploration towards the first generation of commercial applications. While significant progress has been made in developing suitable methods for the manipulation of the NV centre spin state, the detection of the defect luminescence has so far limited the performance of miniaturized sensor architectures. The recent development of photoelectric detection of the NV centre's spin state offers a path to circumvent these limitations, but has to-date required research-grade low current amplifiers to detect the picoampere-scale currents obtained from these systems. Here we report on the photoelectric detection of magnetic resonance (PDMR) with NV ensembles using a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) device. The integrated circuit delivers a digitized output of the diamond sensor with low noise and 50 femtoampere resolution. This integration provides the last missing component on the path to a compact, diamond-based quantum sensor. The device is suited for continuous wave (CW) as well as pulsed operation. We demonstrate its functionality with DC and AC magnetometry up to several megahertz, coherent spin rotation and multi-axial decoupling sequences for quantum sensing.

en quant-ph

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